CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, AND NUCLEAR DEFENSE (CBRND) FUNCTIONAL NEEDS ANALYSIS. FINAL REPORT (2005) - page 19
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6 The JTF staff plans for operations using the COCOM-identified forces for the potential threat. Equipping the tasked force is an integral part of planning and preparation. The
combination of established force organic assets, material acquisitions, prepositioned material, available host-nation/coalition contributions, and movement of identified CBRND
resources from stockpiles and reallocation activities are pursued by the JTF staff with the COCOM staff to prepare and support deploying forces as outlined by the appropriate
plan. Systems are reallocated, when necessary, from prepositioned and dispersed stocks of units deploying or operating within an JOA. Expeditionary and forced-entry operations
are a particular concern. Existing COLPRO systems are not generally designed for a highly mobile force, with a reduced logistical footprint, and the initial period of operations
until the theater matures (usually the first 30-90 days). Deploying units may not possess full CBRND resources and capabilities during the initial stages of deployment and until
after arrival within the JOA. Additionally, deploying MWAs (particularly MWDs) are not equipped and trained to survive a CBRN/TIM environment. JTF staff does not possess
clear guidance for planning and providing CBRN/TIM protection training and CBRND protection resources to deploying MWAs. Current doctrine and policy does not adequately
address sustaine d operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. The individual combat load places limitations upon weight and type of equipment and consumables. Protective
equipment may be reduced or eliminated despite threat level.
7 The JTF staff allocates COLPRO resources based upon the threat, risk, and vulnerability assessments. Planning for CBRND includes allocation of supporting services, materiel,
and consumables. Manning, operation, and maintenance of the COLPRO resource is the responsibility of the allocated unit. JTF planning includes preparation of the force for
CBRND. COLPRO is integral to CBRND and included in the plan. Expeditionary operations are a particular concern. Existing COLPRO systems are not generally designed for a
highly mobile/expeditionary force, with a reduced logistical footprint, and the initial period of operations until the theater matures (usually the first 30-90 days). The combination
of individual protection, contamination avoidance, and available COLPRO provides a level of capability. However, the encumbrances and limitations associated with these
measures are considerations in the planning and conduct of operations to assure mission success. Identification, development and/or acquisition of assets for JECP include ECP
assets for adaptation of tentage and structures to support expeditionary operations. The JECP effort is currently proceeding through the JCIDS process.
8 Doctrine, policy, and procedures address mitigation of CBRN/TIM releases against the force. However, mitigation requires knowledge of the release in time to assume the
appropriate Protective Posture Protocol. Forced-entry forces, particularly forces performing insertion by air and sea, may not be aware of the release until exposed to the
CBRN/TIM agent.
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12.11.3. Functional Solution Analysis
12.11.3.1
DOTLPF Assessment Summary
This section addresses the deficiencies and suggests potential non-materiel solutions. If there are
no non-materiel solutions, or they are only partial solutions, the remaining non-materiel need is
then stated. Materiel needs are assessed in the IMA section.
1.
Deficiency: The DOTMLPF for Protective Posture Protocols is inadequate or nonexistent
addressing CBRND of MWAs.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, and procedures sustained
operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Organization: Ensure resources, taskings, and
staff are in place or available to perform sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM
environment. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for sustained operations within
a CBRN/TIM environment. Leadership: Recognize criticality of readiness of the force for
potential sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment, training providing the skills
to manage the force in these circumstances, and willingness and ability to implement
necessary changes and activities to prepare and appropriately apply the force.
2.
Deficiency: Quantities, types, and availability of CPSs are limited.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Institute in doctrine, policy, and procedures the central
correlation of operational plans and taskings to identify CBRND support requirements for
two or more concurrent operations with CBRN/TIM threat with comparison to existing and
programmed quantities and types of CBRND systems and resources. Leadership: Implement
development of plans and taskings consistent with available CBRND capabilities as
determined by central correlation and comparison of strategic tactical plans and taskings.
3.
Deficiency: Current CPSs are inadequate to support expeditionary and forced-entry
operations, particularly in austere environments by highly mobile forces and possessing
reduced logistical footprints.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Complete the JCIDS process and central correlation/
comparison of operations plans to identify CBRND resources necessary and available to
support expeditionary and forced-entry operations during the first 30-90 days following
commencement of hostilities and with a reduced logistical footprint. Organization: Develop
organizational structures, resources, staffing, and capabilities to conduct expeditionary
operations while possessing reduced logistical footprint and during the first 30-90 days of
operations following commencement of hostilities. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate
expeditionary/forced-entry capabilities of the force in a CBRN/TIM threat with reduced
logistical footprint during the initial 30-90 days of operations using CBRND resources
supporting expeditionary operations. Leadership: Recognize differences and challenges
associated with expeditionary/forced-entry operations during the first 30-90 days following
commencement of hostilities and with a reduced logistical footprint, training providing skills
and knowledge to manage operations in these circumstances, and ability and willingness to
implement necessary changes and activities to prepare for and conduct expeditionary
operations with a CBRN/TIM threat. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for
expeditionary/forced-entry operations during the first 30-90 days following commencement
of hostilities and with a reduced logistical footprint.
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4.
Deficiency: The individual combat load places limitations upon weight and type of
equipment and consumables. Protective equipment may be reduced or eliminated despite
threat level.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Leadership: Implement development of plans and taskings
consistent with stockpile and prepositioning support capabilities.
5.
Deficiency: Expeditionary and forced-entry operations are a particular concern as most
CBRND systems and associated logistics are not designed for a highly mobile force, with a
reduced logistical footprint, and for the initial period of operations until the theater matures
(usually the first 30-90 days).
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Complete the JCIDS process and central correlation/
comparison of operations plans to identify CBRND resources necessary and available to
support expeditionary and forced-entry operations during the first 30-90 days following
commencement of hostilities and with a reduced logistical footprint. Organization: Develop
organizational structures, resources, staffing, and capabilities to conduct expeditionary
operations while possessing reduced logistical footprint and during the first 30-90 days of
operations following commencement of hostilities. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate
expeditionary/forced-entry capabilities of the force in a CBRN/TIM threat with reduced
logistical footprint during the initial 30-90 days of operations using CBRND resources
supporting expeditionary operations. Leadership: Recognize differences and challenges
associated with expeditionary/forced-entry operations during the first 30-90 days following
commencement of hostilities and with a reduced logistical footprint, training providing skills
and knowledge to manage operations in these circumstances, and ability and willingness to
implement necessary changes and activities to prepare for and conduct expeditionary
operations with a CBRN/TIM threat. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for
expeditionary/forced-entry operations during the first 30-90 days following commencement
of hostilities and with a reduced logistical footprint.
6.
Deficiency: Deploying units may not possess full CBRND resources and capabilities during
the initial stages of deployment and until after arrival within the AOR.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Emphasize in doctrine, policies, and procedures for
preparation of the force for CBRND protection during throughout deployment,
redeployment, relocation, and en route phases of movement. Organization: Ensure resources,
taskings, and staff are in place or available to perform CBRND operations within a
CBRN/TIM environment by deploying, redeploying, relocating, and en route forces.
Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for CBRND operations within a CBRN/TIM
environment while deploying, redeploying, relocating, and en route. Leadership: Recognize
criticality of readiness of the force for potential CBRND operations within a CBRN/TIM
environment while deploying, redeploying, relocation, and en route; training providing the
skills to manage the force in these circumstances; and willingness and ability to implement
necessary changes and activities to prepare and appropriately protect the force. Facilities:
Develop supporting infrastructure for CBRND operations of the force while preparing,
deploying, redeploying, relocating, and en route.
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7.
Deficiency: Deploying MWAs (particularly MWDs) are not equipped and trained to survive
a CBRN/TIM environment.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish doctrine, policy, and procedures CBRND
protection of MWAs, particularly MWDs, and training for CBRN/TIM environment survival.
Organization: Ensure organizational consideration for maintenance and support of MWA
CBRND protective equipment, measures, and activities. Training: Provide institutional and
unit training of MWA handlers and MWAs for CBRND measures and activities. Integrate
into CBRND exercises and evaluations. Leadership: Ensure awareness and planning for
CBRND measures and requirements for MWA survivability. Facilities: Develop supporting
infrastructure for MWA CBRND (e.g., logistics, veterinary surveillance, training, etc.).
8.
Deficiency: The JTF staff does not possess clear guidance for planning and providing
CBRN/TIM protection training and CBRND protection resources to deploying MWAs.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish doctrine, policy, and procedures CBRND
protection of MWAs, particularly MWDs, and training for CBRN/TIM environment survival.
Organization: Ensure organizational consideration for maintenance and support of MWA
CBRND protective equipment, measures, and activities. Training: Provide institutional and
unit training of MWA handlers and MWAs for CBRND measures and activities. Integrate
into CBRND exercises and evaluations. Leadership: Ensure awareness and planning for
CBRND measures and requirements for MWA survivability. Facilities: Develop supporting
infrastructure for MWA CBRND (e.g., logistics, veterinary surveillance, training, etc.).
9.
Deficiency: Mitigation requires knowledge of the release in time to assume the appropriate
Protective Posture Protocol. Forced-entry forces, particularly forces performing insertion by
air and sea, may not be aware of the release until exposed to the CBRN/TIM agent.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Complete JCIDS and incorporate into doctrine, policy,
and procedures detection of CBRN/TIM agents upon release by adversary and subsequent
presence on ground for expeditionary/forced-entry operations. Organization: Ensure
resources, taskings, and staff are available to perform detection and warning of force.
Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for force entry and expeditionary operations
involving area-denial activities and CBRND releases by an adversary. Leadership:
Recognize criticality of readiness of the force for potential operations involving CBRND
releases and area-denial activities by an adversary, training providing the skills to manage the
force in these circumstances, and willingness and ability to implement necessary changes and
activities to prepare and appropriately apply the force.
10. Deficiency: DOTMLPF is inadequate for sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM
environment and for expeditionary and forced-entry operations with reduced logistical
footprints.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, and procedures sustained
operations (medical and nonmedical) for expeditionary/forced-entry operations within a
CBRN/TIM environment. Organization: Ensure resources, taskings, and staff are in place or
available to perform sustained operations (medical and nonmedical) for expeditionary/
forced-entry operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Training: Train, exercise, and
evaluate the force (military and eligible civilians) for sustained operations (medical and
nonmedical) for expeditionary/forced-entry operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.
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Leadership: Recognize criticality of readiness of the force for potential sustained operations
(medical and nonmedical) for expeditionary/forced-entry operations within a CBRN/TIM
environment, training providing the skills to manage the force in these circumstances, and
willingness and ability to implement necessary changes and activities to prepare and
appropriately apply the force.
11. Deficiency: DOTMLPF is inadequate or nonexistent addressing CBRND of MWAs.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing
MWAs, particularly MWDs, for CBRND. Organization: Identify organization services and
activities necessary to support survivability of MWAs within a CBRN/TIM environment.
Training: Establish CBRND training, exercise, and evaluation criteria and programs for
MWAs and conduct CBRND training, exercises, and evaluations. Leadership: Implement
and manage CBRND training, equipping, and protection of MWAs.
12.11.3.2
IMA Assessment Summary
N/A
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12.12 Task OPSHLD 12: Employ protective measures to minimize effects of adversary use
of CBRN weapons and TIM exposure
12.12.1
Functional Area Analysis
To protect resources (with an emphasis on people) from the effects of CBRN/TIM weapons/
exposure and permit friendly forces to continue operations with minimum performance
degradation. Staffs normally direct planned general protective actions and adjust actions to the
situation and circumstances based upon the instructions or intent of the commander.
Commanders must balance protection against the need to perform the mission and maintain
personnel in a fit-to-fight status. The results of not performing protective tasks adequately are
degradation of mission or task performance as well as casualties/fatalities from CBRN/TIM
exposure or contamination.
12.12.1.2
Derivation
Joint Enabling Concept for CBRN Operations, An Operational Concept for Biological Defense,
Protection Joint Functional Concept, UJTL (OP 1.3.1, OP 2.4.1.1, OP 2.4.1.2, OP 2.4.2.1, OP
5.1.1, OP 5.2, OP 5.2.1, OP 5.2.2, OP 5.3, OP 5.3.7, OP 5.4, OP 5.4.2, OP 5.4.4, OP 5.4.5, OP
5.5.8, OP 5.7.5, OP 5.7.6, OP 6.1.6, OP 6.2.1, OP 6.2.10, OP 7, OP 7.1, OP 7.2, OP 7.3, OP
7.4).
12.12.1.2.1
Supported Task: STSHLD 10
12.12.1.2.2
Lateral Task: N/A
12.12.1.2.3
Supporting Task: TASHLD 9
12.12.1.3
Condition
Perform this task under conditions of:
Physical
1. Undeveloped to highly developed land. (C1.1)
2. Riverine to open sea. (C1.2)
3. Natural and induced air. (C1.3)
4. Immediate to delayed danger, and potential long-term health hazard of atmospheric
weapons effects. (C1.3.3)
Military
1. Partially completed mission preparation. (C2.1.3)
2. Marginal to strong forces assigned. (C2.2.1)
3. Low personnel capability. (C2.2.4)
4. Some interoperability. (C2.2.6)
5. Partial Joint Staff integration. (C2.3.1.1)
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6. Limited staff expertise. (C2.3.1.3)
7. Limited deployed supplies. (C2.8.2)
8. Limited CONUS resupply. (C2.8.3)
9. Limited prepositioned materiel. (C2.8.4)
10. No host nation support. (C2.8.5)
Civil
1. TIMs present in the civilian sector. (C3.3.7.5)
12.12.2
Functional Needs Analysis
12.12.2.1
Capability and Deficiency Assessment Summary
Table 12.12-1 discusses the only capability that exists to perform the task to the designated
standard. Doctrine, policy, and procedures exist for the implementation, adjustment, and
direction of planned CBRND measures for the protection of deploying military forces against the
effects of adversary employment of CBRN/TIM. Deficiencies include the lack of prophylaxis
against all threat CBRN/TIM agents, lack of CBRND systems in sufficient quantities and types
to support envisioned and published plans, CBRND of highly mobile and/or expeditionary forces
with reduced logistical footprints, eligible civilian and MWA readiness for CBRND, and
sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.
Current Capability and Deficiency
JTF HQ staffs develop, plan, disseminate, and direct actions and activities to prepare and manage
the force for CBRND operations minimizing the effects of adversary use of CBRN/TIM agents.
Predeployment planning and preparation includes the vaccination of the force to an adequate
level of acquired immunity against threat CBRN/TIM agents. JMETLs are developed based upon
the UJTL, COCOM JMETLs, and identified essential tasks for mission accomplishment. Plan-
identified forces are trained and assessed against the JMETLs for readiness to perform the
outlined tasks. The combination of established force organic assets, materiel acquisitions,
prepositioned materiel, available host-nation/coalition contributions, and movement of identified
CBRND resources from stockpiles and relocation activities are performed as outlined in the plan
and adjusted as necessary. Planning and plan execution seeks to balance mission requirements
with CBRND protection of the force. DOTMLPF is adequate for planning, training, equipping,
and deploying military forces. The combination of individual protection, contamination
avoidance, and available COLPRO provides critical activities and functions with a level of
capability. Allocation of limited COLPRO resources is made based upon the threat, mission,
criticality of performed activity, and availability of COLPRO for the function. Planning and
prioritization of COLPRO resources is performed during operational planning. Deficiencies
include inadequate quantities and types of COLPRO, insufficient DOTMLPF for sustained
operations within a CBRN/TIM environment, individual combat loads restricting available
weight and space for CBRND materiel, the absence of CBRND for MWDs, lack of medical
prophylaxis against all threat CBRN/TIM agents, and the efficacy of existing prophylaxis
(particularly vaccines) widely varies. Current prophylaxis and supporting CBRND doctrine,
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policy, and procedures fail to adequately address the application of prophylactic protection by
eligible civilians and MWDs. Expeditionary and highly mobile force operations, both with
reduced and limited logistical support, are not adequately addressed in DOTMLPF and the
design of most CBRND systems and associated logistics do not adequately support these type of
operations. Further, eligible civilians and MWDs are not adequately equipped, trained, and
prepared to survive a CBRN/TIM environment; nor does the JTF staff possess clear guidance for
planning and providing CBRND of these personnel and JTF elements. Current doctrine, policy,
UJTL, procedures, and TTPs fail to address sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM
environment and exercises/evaluations fail to emphasize and assess task performance (including
JMETLs) in these conditions.
Projected Near/Mid-Term Capability and Deficiency
No change projected for this task.
Projected Far-Term Capability and Deficiency
No change projected for this task.
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Table 12.12-1. OPSHLD 12: Capability and Deficiency Assessment
Capability: JTF HQ Staff
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
Current Overall Capability1
R2
R3
Y4
Y5
Y6
G7
Near/Mid-Term Overall Capability
R
R
Y
Y
Y
G
Far-Term Overall Capability
R
R
Y
Y
Y
G
FAA Measure
Scale
M1
Forces are protected
G: Medical CBRND countermeasures exist for all theat CBRN and high-risk TIM agents and encompass all eligible at-risk
by medical
populations.
prophylaxes.
Y: Medical CBRND countermeasures exist for selected high-threat CBRN and high-risk TIM agents for U.S. military and
eligible civilian members.
R: Medical CBRND countermeasures are inadequate or do not exist for high-threat CBRN and/or high-risk TIM agents
and/or application by U.S. military and/or eligible civilian members.
M2
Forces are trained and
G: All JTF forces (military, eligible civilians, and MWAs) are adequately trained, exercised, evaluated, equipped, and
equipped to operate in
prepared to perform their functions and conduct sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.
a CBRN/TIM
Y: JTF forces (military and eligible civilians) are trained, equipped, and prepared to perform their functions and conduct
environment.
operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.
R: Training, equipping, and/or preparation of the JTF forces(including military, eligible civilians, and/or MWAs) to perform
their functions and/or conduct operations within a CBRN/TIM environment are inadequate or nonexistent.
M3
All units that perform
G: All units performing JMETLs are fully prepared and ready to successfully conduct their tasks within a CBRN/TIM
JMETs are fully
environment.
capable of
Y: Units performing JMETLs are generally prepared and ready to successfully conduct their tasks within a CBRN/TIM
successfully
environment.
performing the tasks in
R: Units performing JMETLs are inadequately prepared and/or ready to successfully conduct their tasks within a CBRN/TIM
a CBRN/TIM
environment.
environment.
M4
Deploying forces meet
G: All JTF (military, eligible civilians, and MWAs) meet CBRN/TIM protection requirments to perform their functions and
CBRN/TIM protection
conduct operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.
standards.
Y: Military personnel and eligible civilians supporting the mission meet CBRN/TIM protection requirements to perform their
functions and conduct operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.
R: JTF forces (including military, eligible civilians, and/or MWAs) meeting CBRN/TIM protection requirements to perform
functions and/or conduct operations within a CBRN/TIM environment are inadequate or nonexistent.
M5
Warfighting capability
G: Warfighting capabilities are protected and are not degraded and/or unavailable as a result of CBRN/TIM attacks.
is not degraded as
Y: Warfighting activities and functions are afforded protection and are not seriously degraded and/or unavailable as a result
result of enemy
of CBRN/TIM attacks.
CBRN/TIM attacks.
R: Protection of warfighting capabilities is inadequate or nonexistent and may result in serious degradation or nonavailability
resulting from CBRN/TIM attacks.
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M6
Adequate resources
G: CBRND systems and resources are available in plan-identified quantities and types to implement identified protective
are available to
measures.
implement the
Y: CBRND systems and resources are available in sufficient quantities and types to support protective measures. Adjustments
required protective
are made to adjust to limitations in quantities and types of specific CBRND systems.
measures.
R: CBRND systems and/or resources are inadequate or not available to implement protective measures.
1 DOTMLPF is adequate for the planning, movement, management, and positioning of CBRND materiel in support of operations. DOTMLPF is also adequate for planning,
training, equipping, and deploying forces. However, DOTMLPF is inadequate for sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment and for expeditionary and highly mobile
force operations with reduced logistical footprints. Current DOTMLPF does not fully address the unique aspects of CBRND and the impact upon operations within a CBRN/TIM
environment. DOTMLPF is also inadequate or nonexistent addressing CBRND of eligible civilians and MWAs.
2 Medical prophylaxes are developed for the military force. Medical prophylaxis, if available, is issued/administered for identified CBRN/TIM threats to the military force. The
availability of medical prophylaxis to military force members is dependent upon identification of the threat, preplanning for a threat, positioning of stocks for issue and
administration, timing of notification to administer/issue prophylaxis, availability of medical personnel to perform administration (if required), and the available quantity of
sufficient medical prophylaxis to meet requirements. Short-notice operations and reallocated taskings impact the administration and issue of prophylaxis for the threat. Forces
have, and may in the future, require medical prophylaxis administration/issue upon arrival in the AOR. However, the administration of many vaccines requires multiple
administrations over a period of time for acquired immunity. Current prophylaxis and supporting doctrine, policy, and procedures to not address presymptomatic medical CBRND
protective countermeasures by other than U.S. forces, excluding MWAs and eligible civilians. Prophylaxis for MWAs is virtually nonexistent. Prophylaxis for eligible civilians is
not addressed. Availability of prophylaxis is questionable for issue and administration to eligible civilians. The issue and administration of prophylaxis to eligible civilians requires
review due to questions regarding applicability to the range of body types, ages, and physical/medical factors inherent within a potential population, as well as possible long-term
health issues and legal implications. Prophylaxis against most high-threat TIMs are not currently available due to the relatively recent consideration of these agents as a potential
threat. Additionally, the efficacy of existing prophylaxis, particularly vaccines, widely varies. National policies of the coalition/non-U.S. forces regarding medical prophylaxis is a
factor the JTF Commander and supporting staff must consider during planning and operations. Religious considerations may also impact the use of medical prophylaxis. The JTF
staff, in coordination with coalition/non-U.S. forces partner staff, develop and address requirements and commitments by each partner. Although the provision of CBRND
resources to national forces ultimately resides with their nations, mutual support among partners is planned to complement partners’ capabilities and to minimize weaknesses.
ACSAs between partners enable acquisition and cross-servicing support between the partners. The IA provides for a wide range of support exchange, including sheltering, medical
care, and other support activities. The administration and issuance of prophylaxis is addressed by the JTF staff during the planning and support for operations. Indigenous forces
supporting operations may not be equipped or have access to medical prophylaxis. The JTF staff, in coordination with partners, determines the need for medical prophylaxis based
upon the threat. A determination is made on the provision of medical prophylaxis to these forces.
3 The JTF staff reviews identified forces and the potential threat for planned operations. Specified forces, time permitting, train and prepare for operations involving the potential
threat. Equipping the tasked force is an integral part of planning and preparation. The JTF staff tracks force readiness for planned operations. Readiness issues are addressed by the
staff. The combination of established force organic assets, material acquisitions, prepositioned material, available host-nation/coalition contributions, and movement of identified
CBRND resources from stockpiles and reallocation activities are pursued by the JTF staff to prepare and support deploying forces as outlined by the appropriate plan.
Expeditionary operations are a particular concern as most CBRND systems and associated logistics are not designed for a highly mobile force, with a reduced logistical footprint,
and for the initial period of operations until the theater matures (usually the first 30-90 days). Deploying units may not possess full CBRND resources and capabilities during the
initial stages of deployment and until after arrival within the AOR. Additionally, deploying eligible civilians and MWAs (particularly MWDs) are not equipped and trained to
survive a CBRN/TIM environment. The JTF staff does not possess clear guidance for planning and providing CBRN/TIM protection training and CBRND protection resources to
deploying eligible civilians and MWAs.
4 The JTF staff adjusts the COCOM-developed JMETLs to reflect the tasks essential to the accomplishment of the planned mission(s). The JMETLs provides the ability to develop
joint training requirements, planning and executing joint training, and assessing joint proficiency. Plan-identified forces are trained and assessed against the JMETLs for readiness
to perform the tasks successfully. Assessment is performed through a variety of means including inspections, exercises, and reporting. However, current doctrine the UJTL, and
operational planning do not adequately address sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. JMETL development generally does not specify these circumstances as an
execution condition. Exercises and training do not emphasize task performance and operations in these conditions.
5 The JTF staff, in coordination with coalition partner staff, develops plans supporting and implementing the COCOM comprehensive campaign plan for successful achievement of
the desired end states. Coordination for the planned operations conducted between partners ensures the capabilities of each partner within the full spectrum of support. Force
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requirements and commitments are confirmed with each coalition participant. The COCOM and partner established minimum capability standards for participation and
certification process covering areas of concern (e.g., training level competence, logistics capabilities, deployment, sustainment, and redeployment readiness, etc.) are applied by all
participants. The JTF Commander, JTF staff, and the combined staff monitor, track, and assess the readiness of the joint coalition force. However, deploying units may not possess
full CBRND resources and capabilities during the initial stages of deployment and until after arrival within the AOR. Additionally, deploying eligible civilians and MWAs
(particularly MWDs) are not equipped and trained to survive a CBRN/TIM environment. The JTF staff does not possess clear guidance for planning and providing CBRN/TIM
protection training and CBRND protection resources to deploying eligible civilians and MWAs.
6 The JTF staff planning and plan execution seeks to balance mission requirements with protection of the force against CBRN/TIM threat(s). Planning considers the impact of
operations within CBRN/TIM environments and provide for adjustments to ensure successful retention of warfighting capabilities. Operations within a CBRN/TIM environment
will degrade individual and unit capabilities. The combination of training, readiness, and flexibility to adjust and maintain operational capabilities provides the basis for
maintenance of mission capability. However, current DOTMLPF and operational planning do not adequately address sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.
Additionally, deploying eligible civilians and MWAs (particularly MWDs) are not equipped and trained to survive a CBRN/TIM environment. The JTF staff does not possess clear
guidance for planning and providing CBRN/TIM protection training and CBRND protection resources to deploying eligible civilians and MWAs.
7 The allocation, placement, and reallocation of protective assets is a function of the planning and operational control of the JTF Commander, JTF staff, and combined staff.
ACSAs between coalition partners and/or host-nation enables acquisition and cross-servicing support between the partners. IAs provides for a wide range of support exchange
including consumables, sheltering, medical care, and other support activities. However, sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment are not adequately addressed in
DOTMLPF and, subsequently, in planning. Quantities, types, and availability of CPSs are limited. Current CPSs is inadequate to support expeditionary operations, particularly in
austere environments by highly mobile forces and possessing reduced logistical footprints. The individual combat load places limitations upon weight and type of equipment and
consumables. Protective equipment may be reduced or eliminated despite threat level.
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12.12.3
Functional Solution Analysis
12.12.3.1
DOTLPF Assessment Summary
This section addresses the deficiencies and suggests potential non-materiel solutions. If there are
no non-materiel solutions, or they are only partial solutions, the remaining non-materiel need is
then stated. Materiel needs are assessed in the IMA section.
1.
Deficiency: Forces are not protected against all identified threat CBRN/TIM capabilities.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of standards for prophylactic CBRND protection against all threat agents.
Leadership: Enforce compliance with established standards (see Footnote 17 above) for
prophylactic CBRND protection.
2.
Deficiency: Medical prophylaxis does not exist for all threat CBRN and TIM agents.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of standards for prophylactic CBRND protection against all threat agents.
Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate personnel (military and eligible civilians) on the use
of prophylactic CBRND protection against threat agents. Leadership: Enforce compliance
with established standards for prophylactic CBRND protection. Implement and ensure
training is adequate and conduct exercises and evaluations to ensure readiness.
3.
Deficiency: Short-notice operations and reallocated taskings impact the administration and
issue of prophylaxis for the threat.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of baseline standards for prophylactic CBRND protection against all threat
agents. Leadership: Enforce compliance with established standards for prophylactic CBRND
protection.
4.
Deficiency: Forces have, and may in the future, require medical prophylaxis administration/
issue upon arrival in the AOR.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Emphasize in doctrine, policies, and procedures for
preparation of the force for CBRND protection during throughout deployment,
redeployment, relocation, and en route phases of movement. Organization: Ensure resources,
taskings, and staff are in place or available to perform CBRND operations within a
CBRN/TIM environment by deploying, redeploying, relocating, and en route forces.
Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for CBRND operations within a CBRN/TIM
environment while deploying, redeploying, relocating, and en route. Leadership: Recognize
criticality of readiness of the force for potential CBRND operations within a CBRN/TIM
environment while deploying, redeploying, relocation, and en route; training providing the
skills to manage the force in these circumstances; and willingness and ability to implement
necessary changes and activities to prepare and appropriately protect the force. Facilities:
Develop supporting infrastructure for CBRND operations of the force while preparing,
deploying, redeploying, relocating, and en route.
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5.
Deficiency: The administration of many vaccines requires multiple administrations over a
period of time for acquired immunity.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, and procedures requirement
for CBRN/TIM protective prophylaxis protecting the force through the deployment cycle.
Organization: Establish organizational incentives to address CBRN/TIM protective
prophylaxis providing protection of the force throughout the deployment cycle. Leadership:
Ensure standards, criteria, and metrics for CBRN/TIM medical prophylaxis R&D are concise
and adequately protect the force throughout the deployment cycle with a minimum of
administrations, preferably one.
6.
Deficiency: Current prophylaxis and supporting doctrine, policy, and procedures to not
address presymptomatic medical CBRND protective countermeasures by other than U.S.
forces, excluding MWAs and eligible civilians.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing
MWAs and eligible civilians during CBRND operations and the provision of CBRND
protection, including prophylaxis. Training: Establish CBRND training, exercise, and
evaluation criteria and programs for MWAs and eligible civilians and conduct CBRND
training, exercises, and evaluations. Leadership: Implement and manage CBRND training,
equipping, and protection of MWDs and eligible civilians.
7.
Deficiency: Prophylaxis for MWAs is virtually nonexistent.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish doctrine, policy, and procedures CBRND
protection of MWAs, particularly MWDs, and training for CBRN/TIM environment survival.
Organization: Ensure organizational consideration for maintenance and support of MWA
CBRND protective equipment, measures, and activities. Training: Provide institutional and
unit training of handlers and MWAs for CBRND measures and activities. Leadership: Ensure
awareness and planning for CBRND measures and requirements for MWA survivability.
Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for MWA CBRND (e.g., logistics, veterinary
surveillance, etc.).
8.
Deficiency: Prophylaxis for eligible civilians is not addressed.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures
requirement to address the administration, provision, and application of medical CBRND
protective countermeasures by other than U.S. forces (e.g., civilians, non-U.S. forces, etc.).
Organization: Address organizational issues (e.g., who provides the equipment, support
forces to train and equip, etc.) related to the provision of CBRN/TIM protection to eligible
civilians, and non-U.S. forces. Training: Include eligible civilians in CBRND training,
exercises, and evaluations. Identify training requirements and responsibilities for non-U.S.
forces. Leadership: Ensure leadership awareness of criticality of increased dependence of
military operations upon civilians. Personnel: Require eligible civilians supporting the
mission to meet minimum standards for safe use of CBRND resources.
9.
Deficiency: Availability of prophylaxis is questionable for issue and administration to
eligible civilians.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of CBRND standards and prophylaxis for protection of eligible civilians
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addressing the variation within a potential protected population. Training: Establish CBRND
training, exercise, and evaluation criteria and programs for eligible civilians and conduct
CBRN/TIM training, exercises, and evaluations, where appropriate. Leadership: Implement
and manage CBRND training, equipping, and protection of eligible civilians.
10. Deficiency: The issue and administration of prophylaxis to eligible civilians requires review
due to questions regarding applicability to the range of body types, ages, and physical/
medical factors inherent within a potential population, as well as possible long-term health
issues and legal implications.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of standards and measures for protection of eligible civilians addressing the
variation within the potential protected population. Leadership: Establish CBRND training,
exercise, and evaluation criteria and programs for eligible civilians and conduct CBRN/TIM
training, exercises, and evaluations.
11. Deficiency: Prophylaxis against most high-threat TIMs are not currently available.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of metrics for standards and criteria for protection against all high-threat TIM
agents. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate personnel (military and eligible civilians) on
the use of prophylactic CBRND protection against threat agents. Leadership: Enforce
compliance with established metrics (see Footnote 7 above) for standards and criteria.
Implement and ensure training is adequate and conduct exercises and evaluations to ensure
readiness.
12. Deficiency: The efficacy of existing prophylaxis, particularly vaccines, widely varies.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of baseline standards for prophylactic CBRND protection against all threat
agents. Leadership: Enforce compliance with established standards (see Footnote 5 above)
for prophylactic CBRND protection.
13. Deficiency: Expeditionary operations are a particular concern as most CBRND systems and
associated logistics are not designed for a highly mobile force, with a reduced logistical
footprint, and for the initial period of operations until the theater matures (usually the first
30-90 days).
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Complete the JCIDS process and central correlation/
comparison of national and strategic plans to identify CBRND resources necessary and
available to support expeditionary operations during the first 30-90 days following
commencement of hostilities and with a reduced logistical footprint. Organization: Develop
organizational structures, resources, staffing, and capabilities to conduct expeditionary
operations while possessing reduced logistical footprint and during the first 30-90 days of
operations following commencement of hostilities. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate
expeditionary capabilities of the force in a CBRN/TIM threat with reduced logistical
footprint during the initial 30-90 days of operations using CBRND resources supporting
expeditionary operations. Leadership: Recognize differences and challenges associated with
expeditionary operations during the first 30-90 days following commencement of hostilities
and with a reduced logistical footprint; training providing skills and knowledge to manage
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operations in these circumstances, and ability and willingness to implement necessary
changes and activities to prepare for and conduct expeditionary operations with a CBRN/
TIM threat. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for expeditionary operations during
the first 30-90 days following commencement of hostilities and with a reduced logistical
footprint.
14. Deficiency: Deploying units may not possess full CBRND resources and capabilities during
the initial stages of deployment and until after arrival within the AOR.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Emphasize in doctrine, policies, and procedures for
preparation of the force for CBRND protection during throughout deployment,
redeployment, relocation, and en route phases of movement. Organization: Ensure resources,
taskings, and staff are in place or available to perform CBRND operations within a
CBRN/TIM environment by deploying, redeploying, relocating, and en route forces.
Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for CBRND operations within a CBRN/TIM
environment while deploying, redeploying, relocating, and en route. Leadership: Recognize
criticality of readiness of the force for potential CBRND operations within a CBRN/TIM
environment while deploying, redeploying, relocation, and en route; training providing the
skills to manage the force in these circumstances; and willingness and ability to implement
necessary changes and activities to prepare and appropriately protect the force. Facilities:
Develop supporting infrastructure for CBRND operations of the force while preparing,
deploying, redeploying, relocating, and en route.
15. Deficiency: Deploying eligible civilians are not equipped and trained to survive a CBRN/
TIM environment.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish doctrine, policy, and procedures CBRND
protection of eligible civilians and training for CBRN/TIM environment survival.
Organization: Ensure organizational consideration for maintenance and support of eligible
civilians CBRND protective equipment, measures, and activities. Training: Provide
institutional and unit training of eligible civilians for CBRND measures and activities.
Integrate into CBRND exercises and evaluations. Leadership: Ensure awareness and
planning for CBRND measures and requirements for eligible civilians survivability.
Personnel: Ensure that eligible civilian personnel and operations supporting the
mission/military operations are qualified in CBRND and capable of performing their
responsibilities in a CBRN/TIM environment. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure
for eligible civilians CBRND (e.g., logistics, medical, veterinary surveillance,
communications, training, etc.).
16. Deficiency: Deploying MWAs (particularly MWDs) are not equipped and trained to survive
a CBRN/TIM environment.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish doctrine, policy, and procedures CBRND
protection of MWAs, particularly MWDs, and training for CBRN/TIM environment survival.
Organization: Ensure organizational consideration for maintenance and support of MWA
CBRND protective equipment, measures, and activities. Training: Provide institutional and
unit training of MWA handlers and MWAs for CBRND measures and activities. Integrate
into CBRND exercises and evaluations. Leadership: Ensure awareness and planning for
CBRND measures and requirements for MWA survivability. Facilities: Develop supporting
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infrastructure for MWA CBRND (e.g., logistics, medical, veterinary surveillance,
communications, training, etc.).
17. Deficiency: The JTF staff does not possess clear guidance for planning and providing
CBRN/TIM protection training and CBRND protection resources to deploying eligible
civilians.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing
civilian personnel and operations for CBRND. Organization: Identify organizational services
and activities supporting the mission performed by civilian personnel and operations.
Training: Establish CBRND training, exercise, and evaluation criteria and programs for
eligible civilians and conduct CBRND training, exercises, and evaluations. Leadership:
Implement and manage CBRND training, equipping, and protection of eligible civilians.
Personnel: Ensure that eligible civilians supporting the mission/military operations are
qualified in CBRND and capable of performing their responsibilities in a CBRN/TIM
environment. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for eligible civilian CBRND (e.g.,
logistics, medical, training, communications, etc.).
18. Deficiency: The JTF staff does not possess clear guidance for planning and providing
CBRN/TIM protection training and CBRND protection resources to deploying MWAs.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing
MWAs, particularly MWDs, and operations for CBRND. Organization: Identify
organizational services and activities supporting survivability of MWAs and MWA mission
operations. Training: Establish CBRND training, exercise, and evaluation criteria and
programs for MWAs and conduct CBRND training, exercises, and evaluations. Leadership:
Implement and manage CBRND training, equipping, and protection of MWAs. Facilities:
Develop supporting infrastructure for MWA CBRND (e.g., logistics, medical, veterinary
surveillance, training, communications, etc.).
19. Deficiency: Current doctrine, the UJTL, and op erational planning do not adequately address
sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, procedures, and UJTL
sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Organization: Ensure resources,
taskings, and staff are in place or available to plan and perform sustained operations within a
CBRN/TIM environment. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for sustained
operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Leadership: Recognize criticality of readiness
of the force for potential sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment, training
providing the skills to manage the force in these circumstances, and willingness and ability to
implement necessary changes and activities to prepare and appropriately apply the force.
20. Deficiency: JMETL development generally does not specify sustained operations within a
CBRN/TIM environment as an execution condition.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, procedures, and UJTL
sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Organization: Ensure resources,
taskings, and staff are in place or available to plan and perform sustained operations within a
CBRN/TIM environment. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for sustained
operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Leadership: Recognize criticality of readiness
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of the force for potential sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment, training
providing the skills to manage the force in these circumstances, and willingness and ability to
implement necessary changes and activities to prepare and appropriately apply the force.
21. Deficiency: Exercises and training do not emphasize sustained task performance and
operations in a CBRN/TIM environment.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, UJTL, and procedures
sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Organization: Ensure resources,
taskings, and staff are in place or available to plan and perform sustained operations within a
CBRN/TIM environment. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for sustained
operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Leadership: Recognize criticality of readiness
of the force for potential sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment, training
providing the skills to manage the force in these circumstances, and willingness and ability to
implement necessary changes and activities to prepare and appropriately apply the force.
22. Deficiency: Sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment are not adequately
addressed in DOTMLPF and, subsequently, in planning.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, and procedures sustained
operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Organization: Ensure resources, taskings, and
staff are in place or available to perform sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM
environment. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for sustained operations within
a CBRN/TIM environment. Leadership: Recognize criticality of readiness of the force for
potential sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment, training providing the skills
to manage the force in these circumstances, and willingness and ability to implement
necessary changes and activities to prepare and appropriately apply the force.
23. Deficiency: Quantities, types, and availability of CPSs are limited.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Institute in doctrine, policy, and procedures the central
correlation of operational plans and taskings to identify CBRND support requirements for
two or more concurrent operations with CBRN/TIM threat with comparison to existing and
programmed quantities and types of CBRND systems and resources. Leadership: Implement
development of plans and taskings consistent with available CBRND capabilities as
determined by central correlation and comparison of strategic tactical plans and taskings.
24. Deficiency: Current CPS is inadequate to support expeditionary operations, particularly in
austere environments by highly mobile forces and possessing reduced logistical footprints.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Incorporate into doctrine, policy, and procedures
standards for expeditionary forces possessing reduced logistical footprint during the first 30-
90 days of operations following commencement of hostilities. Organization: Develop
organizational structures, resources, staffing, and capabilities to conduct expeditionary
operations while possessing reduced logistical footprint and during the first 30-90 days of
operations following commencement of hostilities. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate
expeditionary capabilities of the force in a CBRN/TIM threat with reduced logistical
footprint during the initial 30-90 days of operation using CBRND resources supporting
expeditionary operations. Leadership: Recognize differences and challenges associated with
expeditionary operations during the first 30-90 days following commencement of hostilities
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and with a reduced logistical footprint; training providing skills and knowledge to manage
operations in these circumstances, and ability and willingness to implement necessary
changes and activities to prepare for and conduct expeditionary operations with a
CBRN/TIM threat. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for expeditionary operations
during the first 30-90 days following commencement of hostilities and with a reduced
logistical footprint.
25. Deficiency: The individual combat load places limitations upon weight and type of
equipment and consumables. Protective equipment may be reduced or eliminated despite
threat level.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Leadership: Implement development of plans and taskings
consistent with stockpile and prepositioning support capabilities.
26. Deficiency: DOTMLPF is inadequate for sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM
environment and for expeditionary and highly mobile force operations with reduced
logistical footprints.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Incorporate into doctrine, policy, and procedures
CBRND standards for expeditionary and highly mobile forces possessing reduced logistical
footprint. Organization: Develop organizational structures, resources, staffing, and
capabilities to conduct expeditionary and highly mobile force operations while possessing
reduced logistical footprint. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate expeditionary capabilities
of the force in a CBRN/TIM threat with reduced logistical footprint during the initial 30-90
days of operation using CBRND resources supporting expeditionary operations. Leadership:
Recognize differences and challenges associated with expeditionary and highly mobile force
operations with a reduced logistical footprint; training providing skills and knowledge to
manage operations in these circumstances, and ability and willingness to implement
necessary changes and activities to prepare for and conduct expeditionary and highly mobile
force operations with a CBRN/TIM threat. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for
expeditionary and highly mobile force operations with a reduced logistical footprint.
27. Deficiency: Current DOTMLPF does not fully address the unique aspects of CBRND and
the impact upon operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, procedures, and UJTL
sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Organization: Ensure resources,
taskings, and staff are in place or available to plan and perform sustained operations within a
CBRN/TIM environment. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for sustained
operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Leadership: Recognize criticality of readiness
of the force for potential sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment, training
providing the skills to manage the force in these circumstances, and willingness and ability to
implement necessary changes and activities to prepare and appropriately apply the force.
Personnel: Ensure that eligible civilian personnel and operations supporting the
mission/military operations are qualified in CBRND and capable of performing their
responsibilities in a CBRN/TIM environment.
28. Deficiency: DOTMLPF is inadequate or nonexistent addressing CBRND of eligible
civilians.
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Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing
eligible civilian personnel for CBRND. Organization: Identify organization services and
activities necessary to support survivability of eligible civilian personnel within a
CBRN/TIM environment. Training: Establish CBRND training, exercise, and evaluation
criteria and programs for eligible civilians and conduct CBRND training, exercises, and
evaluations. Leadership: Implement and manage CBRND training, equipping, and protection
of eligible civilian personnel.
29. Deficiency: DOTMLPF is inadequate or nonexistent addressing CBRND of MWAs.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing
MWAs for CBRND. Organization: Identify organization services and activities necessary to
support survivability of MWAs within a CBRN/TIM environment. Training: Establish
CBRND training, exercise, and evaluation criteria and programs for MWAs and conduct
CBRND training, exercises, and evaluations. Leadership: Implement and manage CBRND
training, equipping, and protection of MWAs.
12.12.3.2
IMA Assessment Summary
N/A
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12.13 Task OPSHLD 13: Establish large-scale medical CBRND operations
12.13.1
Functional Area Analysis
12.13.1.1
Definition
To establish and implement the timely, efficient, and consistent application of medical care and
measures preparing and protecting the force against the debilitating effects of CBRN/TIM
hazards (threat or actual). This task includes the identification, movement, application, and
management of resources to perform immunizations of the force and eligible civilians, isolate
infected or contaminated personnel and/or MWAs until risk is resolved, and conduct quarantine
to prevent the spread of infectious disease. The task addresses the full range of necessary
resources required to attend to and resolve the circumstances.
12.13.1.2
Derivation
Joint Enabling Concept for CBRN Operations, An Operational Concept for Biological Defense,
Protection Joint Functional Concept, UJTL (OP 1.3.1, OP 2.4.1.2, OP 2.4.1.1, OP 5.1.1, OP 5.2,
OP 5.2.1, OP 5.2.2, OP 5.3, OP 5.3.9, OP 5.4, OP 5.5.9, OP 5.7, OP 5.7.4, OP 5.7.5, OP 5.7.6,
OP 6.2.10, OP 5.4.4, OP 7, OP 7.3, OP 7.4).
12.13.1.2.1
Supported Task: N/A
12.13.1.2.2
Lateral Task: OPSHA 7
12.13.1.2.3
Supporting Task: TASHLD 12
12.13.1.3
Condition
Perform this task under conditions of:
Physical
1. Undeveloped to highly developed land. (C1.1)
2. Riverine to open sea. (C1.2)
3. Natural and induced air. (C1.3)
4. Immediate to delayed danger, and potential long-term health hazard of atmospheric
weapons effects. (C1.3.3)
Military
1. Partially completed mission preparation. (C2.1.3)
2. Marginal to strong forces assigned. (C2.2.1)
3. Multiple competing apportionments. (C2.2.2)
4. Marginal forces allocated. (C2.2.3)
5. Fair personnel nutrition and health. (C2.2.4.1)
6. Good personnel physical conditioning. (C2.2.4.3)
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7. Poor mission-essential government-service civilian physical conditioning. (C2.2.4.3 -
NEW)
8. Poor mission-essential contract-service civilian physical conditioning. (C2.2.4.3 - NEW)
9. Limited personnel experience. (C2.2.4.5)
10. Severe personnel fatigue. (C2.2.4.6)
11. Some interoperability. (C2.2.6)
12. Partial Joint Staff integration. (C2.3.1.1)
13. Limited staff expertise. (C2.3.1.3)
14. Limited deployed supplies. (C2.8.2)
15. Limited CONUS resupply. (C2.8.3)
16. Limited prepositioned materiel. (C2.8.4)
17. Limited host nation support. (C2.8.5)
18. Limited commercial procurement. (C2.8.6)
Civil
1. Negative foreign government support. (C3.1.2.3)
2. Uncertain international organization support. (C3.1.2.5)
3. Severe restraints on action. (C3.1.3.4)
4. Poor civil health. (C3.3.1.4)
5. High health risk. (C3.3.1.5)
6. Severe refugee impact. (C3.3.2)
12.13.2
Functional Needs Analysis
12.13.2.1
Capability and Deficiency Assessment Summary
Table 12.13-1 discusses the two capabilities existing to perform the task to the designated
standard. The JTF Commander and staff identify the required capabilities and conduct planning
and coordination to identify CBRND resources, requirements, and taskings for CBRND. This
task includes the integration of medical operations and support requirements for CBRND as well
as the direction for development of supporting medical plans and procedures. Doctrine, policy,
and procedures exist for the planning, equipping, and deployment of forces and coordination of
Medical Services support for CBRND operations. Deficiencies include inadequacies in
DOTMLPF addressing eligible civilians and MWDs for CBRND and sustained medical
operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. The second capability is within Medical Services
and the Medical Services staffs. They coordinate with the JTF and COCOM staff to address
medical aspects and support requirements for JTF planning and operations. The Medical
Services staff(s) prepares medical plans to support JTF plans and include CBRND considerations
and requirements in the plans. The staff further identifies required capabilities, conducts planning
and coordination to identify medical and support resources to ensure medical care and measures
to prepare and protect the force, including the identification, movement, application, and
management of Medical Service and medical CBRND resources. Adequate DOTMLPF exists for
planning, equipping, and deploying of forces, and for coordination of Medical Services support.
Deficiencies include inadequacies in DOTMLPF for preparing and equipping deploying eligible
civilians and MWDs; sustained operations in CBRN/TIM environments; and addressing large-
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scale medical operations, especially quarantine operations potentially involving non-U.S.
personnel.
Current Capability and Deficiency
The JTF and Medical Services staff planning includes predeployment medical screening and the
prepositioning, allocation, and distribution of medical prophylaxis. JTF plans generally address
medical measures in generic terms and refer to implementing or topic medical plans. The
Medical Services staff planning addresses the specifics to perform medical activities and
procedures in support of the COCOM plans. The invocation of quarantine and enforcement of
medical isolation are Medical Services decisions, coordinated with the JTF Commander and JTF
staff, and supported by the JTF. The prevention of the need for stringent mass medical activity
includes predeployment screening, the provision of medical prophylaxis, and medical
surveillance. Coordination between the JTF and Medical Services staffs provides for an
integrated and rapid response to an event. Should large-scale medical operations be required
(e.g., mass immunizations, quarantine, etc.), both staffs respond applying their resources as
appropriate. However, plans and policies addressing the tracking and/or reporting of
implementation and/or conduct of large-scale medical operations within the JOA are inadequate,
nonexistent, and/or are not coordinated between the JTF and Medical Services staffs.
Deficiencies also include inadequate DOTMLPF to address large-scale medical CBRN/TIM
operations, particularly sustained medical operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. JTF and
Medical Services actions associated with large-scale medical operations (especially those
involving non-U.S. personnel such as indigenous civilians, third-party nations, and others) is not
adequately discussed and outlined in DOTMLPF. Medical prophylaxis does not exist for all
threat CBRN/TIM agents. Efficacy of the medical prophylaxis that does exist widely varies.
Their application to eligible civilians and MWAs is inadequately addressed in existing
DOTMLPF. DOTMLPF is also inadequate for large-scale medical quarantine and/or
enforcement of medical isolation by both Medical Services and the JTF.
Projected Near/Mid-Term Capability and Deficiency
Standards for CBRND medical training of deployable medical personnel will continue to provide
a basis for improved medical capabilities. However, these standards are not established in joint
doctrine and provide basic capabilities. The IOC fielding of JOEF and JEM provide capabilities
for planning and CBRND needs determination. The potential does exist for assistance with
planning and response determination for mass-CBRN casualties. Otherwise, no hcange projected
for this task.
Projected Far-Term Capability and Deficiency
JOEF and JEM are fully fielded. Otherwise, no change is projected from the mid term.
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Table 12.13-1. OPSHLD 13: Capability and Deficiency Assessment
Capability/Measure
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
M11
M12
M13
M14
Current
JTF HQ Staff
R1
R2
R3
R4
Y5
G6
R7
Y8
Y9
R10
R1
R11
R11
Y11
JTF Medical Services
Y12
R13
R14
R4
Y15
G16
R17
Y18
Y19
R19
R20
R20
R21
Y22
(Medical Services Staff)
Near/Mid
JTF HQ Staff
R
Y
R
R
Y
G
R
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
R
Y
JTF Medical Services
Y
Y
R
R
Y
G
R
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
R
Y
(Medical Services Staff)
Far
JTF HQ Staff
R
G
Y
R
Y
G
R
Y
Y
Y
Y
G
R
Y
JTF Medical Services
Y
G
Y
R
Y
G
R
Y
Y
Y
Y
G
R
Y
(Medical Services Staff)
Current Overall
R24
R25
R26
R27
Y28
G29
R30
Y31
Y32
R32
R33
R34
R35
Y36
Capability23
Near/Mid-Term Overall
Y
Y
R
R
Y
G
R
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
R
Y
Capability
Far-Term Overall
R
G
Y
R
Y
G
R
Y
Y
Y
Y
G
R
Y
Capability
FAA Measure
Scale
M1
Plans are modified for the
G: Detailed plans exist and are coordinated between JTF and Medical Services staffs for large-scale CBRN/TIM
area to address large-scale
medical operations within the JOA involving the forces and non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party
medical operations resulting
nationals, etc.).
from CBRN/TIM
Y: Plans exist and are coordinated between JTF and Medical Services staffs for Medical Services support of operations
exposure/contamination.
within the JOA involving CBRN/TIM threat and address large-scale medical operations the forces and non-U.S.
personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
R: Plans addressing large-scale medical operations within the JOA are inadequate, nonexistent, not coordinated
between the COCOM and Medical Services staffs, and/or do not address the forces and/or non-U.S. personnel (e.g.,
indigenous civilians, third-party nations, etc.).
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M2
Plans are prepared for
G: Detailed policies and plans exist and are coordinated between JTF and Medical Services staffs specifying the
implementation of the
conditions and appropriate authorities and actions/activities to invoke quarantine and/or enforce medical isolation for
establishment and operation
large-scale CBRN/TIM medical operations within the JOA involving forces and non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous
of mass quarantine,
civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
including conditions and
Y: Policies and plans exist and are coordinated between JTF and Medical Services staffs for large-scale Medical
authorities required to
Services operations within the JOA involving quarantine and/or enforcement of medical isolation.
invoke quarantine and/or
R: Plans and policies addressing large-scale medical quarantine and/or medical isolation operations within the JOA are
enforce medical isolation.
inadequate, nonexistent, and/or are not coordinated between the JTF and Medical Services staffs.
M3
All JOA medical facilities
G: All JOA medical facilities are equipped and exercised for the reception, decontamination, and treatment of
are able to treat and isolate
contaminated/exposed casualties. All assigned medical practitioners and medical support personnel (including EMS,
contaminated/infectious
medical aides, etc.) are formally trained, and receive recurring training, for the evaluation and care of
casualties.
contaminated/exposed casualties. Medical provider-based medical treatment is provided, when needed, throughout the
process from reception to post-decontamination.
Y: JOA medical facilities are equipped and exercised for the reception, decontamination, and treatment of
contaminated/exposed casualties. Formal training is available to for the evaluation and treatment of contaminated/
exposed casualties. Medical support personnel (including EMS, medical aides, etc.) are trained, on the evaluation,
decontamination, and care of contaminated/exposed casualties.
R: The ability of JOA medical facilities to treat contaminated/exposed casualties is inadequate or nonexistent.
M4
Forces are immunized for
G: Medical CBRND countermeasures exist and are administered for all threat biological agents and encompass all
biological threats.
eligible at-risk populations.
Y: Medical CBRND countermeasures exist and are administered to U.S. military and eligible civilian members for
threat biological agents.
R: Medical CBRND countermeasures are inadequate or do not exist for threat biological agents.
M5
Preventive medicine policy
G: Detailed plans and policies exist and are coordinated between JTF and Medical Services staffs for the effective
and countermeasures are
application of preventative medicine activities and countermeasures addressing the health and well-being of the entire
implemented for identified
force and includes large-scale medical activities addressing both the force and non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous
medical threats for the JOA
civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
(after deployment).
Y: Plans exist and are coordinated between JTF and Medical Services staffs for preventative medicine activities and
countermeasures for support of operations and the general health and well-being of the force.
R: Preventative medicine activities and/or countermeasures plans and/or policies are inadequate or nonexistent for
support of operations and/or the general health and well-being of the force.
M6
Force has completed
G: JTF forces are medically prepared for operations with threat.
deployment medical
Y: Selected JTF forces generally are generally medically prepared for operations with threat.
preparation.
R: JTF forces medical preparedness for operations with threat is inadequate or nonexistent.
M7
JOA-wide system is in-
G: JOA medical information systems incorporate automated tracking of the status and administration of vaccines,
place and operational for
antidotes, and medical treatment for U.S. personnel and MWAs.
tracking status of U.S.
Y: JOA medical information systems incorporate automated tracking of the status and administration of vaccines,
personnel and MWA
antidotes, and medical treatment for U.S. personnel.
vaccines, antidotes, and
R: JOA medical information systems incorporating automated tracking of the status and/or administration of vaccines,
medical treatment provided.
antidotes, and medical treatment is inadequate or nonexistent.
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M8
Disease and CBRN/TIM
G: Medical disesase preventatives and CBRN/TIM countermeasrues are available for issue and administration to all at-
medical protective
risk populations, including military members, eligible civilians, and MWAs.
countermeasures are issued.
Y: Medical disease preventatives and CBRN/TIM countermeasures are issued and admnistered to miltiary personnel.
R: Medical disease preventatives and CBRN/TIM issuance and/or administration is inadequate or nonexistent.
M9
Procedures are implemented
G: Medical information systems incorporate automated tracking of personnel exposed to, affected by, and/or treated for
to track and follow up on
CBRN/TIM exposure from system entry until release from service. Systems incorporate ability to identify potential
CBRN/TIM infectious/
related issues and problems with medical treatment and care for tracked personnel.
contaminated personnel and
Y: Tracking of personnel exposed to, affected by, and/or treated for CBRN/TIM exposure is peformed by a
MWAs.
combination of manual and automated processes and systems.
R: Tracking of personnel exposed to, affected by, and/or treated for CBRN/TIM exposure is inadequate or nonexistent.
M10
Potentially exposed
G: Medical information systems incorporate automated tracking of personnel exposed to, affected by, and/or treated for
personnel are identified and
CBRN/TIM exposure from system entry until release from service. Systems incorporate ability to identify potential
in treatment or treated and
related issues and problems with medical treatment and care for tracked personnel.
released.
Y: Tracking of personnel exposed to, affected by, and/or treated for CBRN/TIM exposure is peformed by a
combination of manual and automated processes and systems.
R: Tracking of personnel exposed to, affected by, and/or treated for CBRN/TIM exposure is inadequate or nonexistent.
M11
Large-scale quarantine
G: Detailed policies and plans exist and are coordinated between JTF and Medical Services staffs to track and report
sheltering and treatment
the implementation and conduct of large-scale CBRN/TIM medical operations within the JOA involving forces and
operations are established
non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
and operating in accordance
Y: Policies and plans exist and are coordinated between JTF and Medical Services staffs for the tracking and reporting
with medical plans.
of implementation and conduct of large-scale Medical Services operations within the JOA.
R: Plans and policies addressing the tracking and/or reporting of implmentation and/or conduct of large-scale medical
operations within the JOA are inadequate, nonexistent, and/or are not coordinated between the JTF and Medical
Services staffs.
M12
Large-scale quarantine
G: The JTF and Medical Services staffs maintain ongoing relationship to track and coordinate adjustments to plans,
sheltering and treatment
policies, and resource taskings to ensure large-scale quarantine sheltering and treatment operations within the JOA meet
operations meeting actual
actual needs.
needs.
Y: The JTF and Medical Services staffs coordinate adjustments to plans and taskings to address large-scale quarantine
sheltering and treatment operations needs.
R: JTF and Medical Service coordination is inadequate or nonexistent to address large-scale quarantine sheltering
and/or treament operations needs.
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M13
Contaminated/infectious
G: Doctrine, policy, procedures, TTPs, training, and plans address the appliction of protective assets and the safe
casualties (US, host nation),
handling and transport of exposed or contaminated casualtites/MWAs, including those medically unable to wear IPE,
both human and MWA, are
and specify requirements and measures for the protection of personnel, activities, and resources performing the
safely transported to large-
handling and transport.
scale quarantine sheltering
Y: Doctrine, policy, procedures, TTPs, training, and plans address the safe handling and transport of exposed or
and treatment operations.
contaminated casualtites and identify general measures for the protection of personnel, activities, and resources
performing the handling and transport.
R: Doctrine, policy, procedures, TTPs, training, and/or plans are nonexistent or inadequate to address the safe handling
and/or transport of exposed or contaminated casualtites and/or identification of general measures for the protection of
personnel, activities, and/or resources performing the handling and/or transport.
M14
Required resources are
G: Detailed policies and plans exist and are coordinated between JTF and Medical Services staffs identifying and
available to perform mass
tasking resources for the implementation and support of large-scale CBRN/TIM medical operations within the JOA
medical operations.
involving forces and non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
Y: Policies and plans exist and are coordinated between JTF and Medical Services staffs for the identification and
tasking of resources to implement and support large-scale Medical Services operations within the JOA.
R: Plans and policies addressing the identification and/or tasking of resources implmenting and/or supporting large-
scale medical operations within the JOA are inadequate, nonexistent, and/or are not coordinated between the JTF and
Medical Services staffs.
1 JTF staff plans include predeployment medical screening and the stockpiling, allocation, and distribution of medical prophylaxis. Specific implementation for the application of
prophylactic immunizations is address in medical support plans. Planning for large-scale medical operations are based upon COCOM and Strategic Theater Medical Services plans
and coordinated by the Medical Services staffs with the JTF staff for JTF support and appropriate resourcing. However, DOTMLPF is inadequate to address large-scale medical
CBRN/TIM operations, particularly sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment and/or JTF actions associated with large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S.
personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
2 JTF plans address medical activities by referring to appropriate medical plans, policies, and procedures. The invocation of quarantine and enforcement of medical isolation are
within the purview of medical authorities. The JTF staff provides support as defined in the coordinated and appropriate medical plans. However, DOTMLPF is inadequate to
address JTF actions associated with medical quarantine and/or enforcement of medical isolation involving large numbers of non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-
party nationals, etc.).
3 Existing medical facilities within a HTA exercise the reception of contaminated/exposed casualties. Training for the treatment of contaminated/exposed casualties is available
through AMEDD but is not mandatory for medical practitioners identified for deployment or assignment where there exists a CBRN/TIM threat. The ability of the JTF staff to
ensure medical capabilities for CBRND is limited by routine medical operations and requirements. Periodic exercises are performed with medical activities, but on a limited basis,
to provide training opportunities and to assess capabilities. Treatment of casualties is currently performed following completion of casualty decontamination. Generally, casualty
care until completion of decontamination is performed by medical corpsmen, not medical practitioners. Isolation of large-scale numbers of contaminated/infectious casualties is not
adequately addressed in DOTMLPF and current medical operations are limited in their isolation abilities.
4 Medical prophylaxis does not exist for all threat biological agents. Current prophylaxis and supporting doctrine, policy, and procedures do not address presymptomatic medical
CBRND protective countermeasures by other than U.S. forces, excluding MWAs and eligible civilians. Additionally, the efficacy of existing prophylaxis, particularly vaccines,
widely varies. Force protection using medical prophylaxis is dependent upon identification of the threat, preplanning for a threat, positioning of stocks for issue and administration,
timing of notification to administer/issue prophylaxis, availability of medical personnel to perform administration (if required), on-going operational requirements, and the
available quantity of sufficient medical prophylaxis to meet requirements. Vaccination to achieve acquired immunity by force personnel prior to entry into the theater or
completion of an adequate level of acquired immunity prior to adversary biological agent employment is a function of the preplanning and deployment operations. The JTF staff
directs the implementation of these measures when and as appropriate based upon established plans and Medical Services guidance. However, the application of medical
prophylaxis is not adequately addressed for eligible civilians and MWA within the force.
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5 The Medical Services staff plans and associated policies address medical activities and procedures, including Preventative Medicine. Medical surveillance and the
implementation of medical countermeasures are within the purview of medical authorities and are a consideration for medical planning for operations with a CBRN/TIM threat.
The Medical Services staff coordinates with the JTF staff for Preventive Medicine support requirements, associated taskings, and their inclusion in JTF staff planning. Large-scale
medical activities and actions are not adequately addressed in DOTMLPF; especially those involving large numbers of non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party
nationals, etc.).
6 COCOM and JTF plans include the medical review of personnel identified against deployment taskings. Screenings of deployable personnel are periodically performed for
potential limitations. Often, these are associated with annual medical physicals. However, predeployment medical screenings do not consider prior presymptomatic low-dose
CBRN/TIM exposures, associated potential cumulative long-term effects, and the potential threat. The routine rotation and movement of personnel to and from units. Timing of
notice of deployment and the availability of medical personnel impact the conduct of predeployment screenings. Short-notice operations and reallocated taskings may also impact
the conduct of predeployment medical screenings. The JTF staff plans attempt to provide for early (prior to deployment notice) and continued medical screening of tasked forces.
Plans also include provisions for the conduct of predeployment screenings by medical personnel upon notification of deployment. However, annual physicals, when used to meet
deployment screening requirements, may be conducted several months before a deployment. Often, a record review is conducted of the period following the physical for
indications of issues precluding deployment.
7 Current medical systems are stovepiped and require manual intervention to share information. Automated systems to track medical treatment and the movement of casualties
exist at Echelon 3 and higher levels of care. Medical treatment recording below Echelon 3 is limited and not linked to higher-echelon systems. Outpatient care is not generally
recorded and aggregate information is reported. Unit reporting includes CBRND readiness but is not linked to medical information systems. Reliance is placed upon the
individual’s vaccination record and health record (both manual records) to reflect the most recent status of the individual. However, these records are not always available or
complete.
8 Medical prophylaxis is issued/administered for identified CBRN/TIM threats to the military force. The administration and issuance of prophylaxis is addressed by the JTF and
Medical Services staff during the planning and support for operations. Prophylaxis for MWAs is virtually nonexistent. Prophylaxis for eligible civilians is not adequately addressed
in current doctrine, policy, and procedures.
9 Doctrine, policy, and procedures exist to identify potentially exposed units and personnel for treatment and medical surveillance. Potentially affected units are identified to the
JTF staff and appropriate medical actions are taken. However, current medical systems are stovepiped and require manual intervention to share information. Automated systems to
track medical treatment and the movement of casualties exist at Echelon 3 and higher levels of care. Medical treatment recording below Echelon 3 is limited and not linked to
higher-echelon systems. Outpatient care is not generally recorded and aggregate information is reported.
10 Doctrine, policy, and procedures exist to identify potentially exposed units and personnel for treatment and medical surveillance. Potentially affected units are identified to the
JTF staff and appropriate medical actions are taken. However, current medical systems are stovepiped and require manual intervention to share information. Automated systems to
track medical treatment and the movement of casualties exist at Echelon 3 and higher levels of care. Medical treatment recording below Echelon 3 is limited and not linked to
higher-echelon systems. Outpatient care is not generally recorded and aggregate information is reported.
11 JTF plans address medical activities by referring to appropriate medical plans, policies, and procedures. The implementation and operation of large-scale quarantine sheltering
and treatment operations are with purview of medical authorities. The JTF staff provides support and resources as defined in the coordinated and appropriate medical plans and as
adjusted to meet specific circumstances and as requested by appropriate medical authorities. Large-scale medical activities and actions are not adequately addressed in DOTMLPF;
especially those involving large numbers of non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
12 JTF plan support planning by Medical Services staff includes predeployment medical screening and the stockpiling, allocation, and administration/ distribution of medical
prophylaxis. Specific implementation for the application of prophylactic immunizations is addressed in the Medical Services plans. Planning for large-scale medical operations are
based upon COCOM and Strategic Theater Medical Services plans and coordinated by the Medical Services staffs with the JTF staff for JTF support and appropriate resourcing.
However, DOTMLPF is inadequate to address large-scale medical CBRN/TIM operations, particularly sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment and/or Medical
Services actions associated with large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
13 The Medical Services staff plans and develops associated policies addressing medical activities and procedures to support JTF operations. The invocation of quarantine and
enforcement of medical isolation are within the purview of medical authorities and are a consideration for medical planning for operations with a CBRN/TIM threat. The Medical
Services staff coordinates with the JTF staff for Medical Services support requirements and associated taskings and their inclusion in JTF staff planning. However, DOTMLPF is
inadequate to address Medical Services actions associated with medical quarantine and/or enforcement of medical isolation involving large numbers of non-U.S. personnel (e.g.,
indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
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14 Existing medical facilities within an HTA exercise the reception of contaminated/exposed casualties. Training for the treatment of contaminated/exposed casualties is available
through AMEDD but is not mandatory for medical practitioners identified for deployment or assignment where there exists a CBRN/TIM threat. The ability of the Medical
Services staff to ensure medical capabilities for CBRND is limited by routine medical operations and requirements. Periodic exercises are performed with medical activities, but on
a limited basis, to provide training opportunities and to assess capabilities. Treatment of casualties is currently performed following completion of casualty decontamination.
Generally, casualty care until completion of decontamination is performed by medical corpsmen, not medical practitioners. Isolation of large-scale numbers of
contaminated/infectious casualties is not adequately addressed in DOTMLPF and current medical operations are limited in their isolation abilities.
15 The Medical Services staff plans and associated policies address medical activities and procedures, including Preventative Medicine. Medical surveillance and the
implementation of medical countermeasures are within the purview of medical authorities and are a consideration for medical planning for operations with a CBRN/TIM threat.
The Medical Services staff coordinates with the JTF staff for Preventive Medicine support requirements, associated taskings, and their inclusion in JTF staff planning. Large-scale
medical activities and actions are not adequately addressed in DOTMLPF; especially those involving large numbers of non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party
nationals, etc.).
16 COCOM and JTF plans include the medical review of personnel identified against deployment taskings. Screenings of deployable personnel are periodically performed for
potential limitations. Often, these are associated with annual medical physicals. However, predeployment medical screenings do not consider prior presymptomatic low-dose
CBRN/TIM exposures, associated potential cumulative long-term effects, and the potential threat. The routine rotation and movement of personnel to and from units. Timing of
notice of deployment and the availability of medical personnel impact the conduct of predeployment screenings. Short-notice operations and reallocated taskings may also impact
the conduct of predeployment medical screenings. The Medical Services staff plans attempt to provide for early (prior to deployment notice) and continued medical screening of
tasked forces. Plans also include provisions for the conduct of predeployment screenings by medical personnel upon notification of deployment. However, annual physicals, when
used to meet deployment screening requirements, may be conducted several months before a deployment. Often, a record review is conducted of the period following the physical
for indications of issues precluding deployment.
17 Current medical systems are stovepiped and require manual intervention to share information. Automated systems to track medical treatment and the movement of casualties
exist at Echelon 3 and higher levels of care. Medical treatment recording below Echelon 3 is limited and not linked to higher-echelon systems. Outpatient care is not generally
recorded and aggregate information is reported. Unit reporting includes CBRND readiness but is not linked to medical information systems. Reliance is placed upon the
individual’s vaccination record and health record (both manual records) to reflect the most recent status of the individual. However, these records are not always available or
complete.
18 Medical prophylaxis is issued/administered for identified CBRN/TIM threats to the military force. The administration and issuance of prophylaxis is addressed by the JTF and
Medical Services staff during the planning and support for operations. Prophylaxis for MWAs is virtually nonexistent. Prophylaxis for eligible civilians is not adequately addressed
in current doctrine, policy, and procedures.
19 Doctrine, policy, and procedures exist to identify potentially exposed units and personnel for treatment and medical surveillance. Potentially affected units are identified by
Medical Services to the JTF staff and appropriate medical actions are taken. However, current medical systems are stovepiped and require manual intervention to share
information. Automated systems to track medical treatment and the movement of casualties exist at Echelon 3 and higher levels of care. Medical treatment recording below
Echelon 3 is limited and not linked to higher-echelon systems. Outpatient care is not generally recorded and aggregate information is reported.
20 The Medical Services staff plans and associated policies address medical activities and procedures. The invocation of quarantine and enforcement of medical isolation are within
the purview of medical authorities and are a consideration for medical planning for operations with a CBRN/TIM threat. The Medical Services staff coordinates with the JTF staff
for Medical Services support requirements and associated taskings and their inclusion in JTF staff planning. However, DOTMLPF is inadequate to address Medical Services
actions associated with medical quarantine and/or enforcement of medical isolation involving large numbers of non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals,
etc.).
21 Existing standards and procedures provide adequate protection of handling and transporting personnel against secondary exposure/contamination and require the application of
protective equipment and measures if the potential exists for contamination/exposure. Unit-level training is limited to the movement of casualties to the medical facility and is
predominantly reliant upon tactical ground transport. Air transport (tactical rotary-wing) is a last resort due to concerns about asset contamination. Tactical and strategic fixed-wing
air transport is not considered an acceptable means of transport. Air and sea transport resources are inadequately equipped and prepared to transport exposed and contaminated
human and MWA casualties. Exposed and contaminated casualties (human and MWA) unable to wear IPE are not adequately addressed in doctrine, policy, and standards.
Protective equipment is not available for these casualties. Casualties able to wear standard IPE are required to apply the equipment outside of CPSs. However, medical units are not
provided stocks of standard IPE for use by patients. Medical policy is the patient’s unit is responsible for providing the equipment to the medical unit for use by the patient.
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Operationally involved units may be delayed, at best, in providing the equipment. Large-scale medical activities and actions are not adequately addressed in DOTMLPF; especially
those involving large numbers of non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
22 The JTF and Medical Services staff conduct coordinated planning for operations using the COCOM-identified forces for the potential threat. Equipping the tasked Medical
Services elements is an integral part of planning and preparation. The combination of established element organic assets, material acquisitions, prepositioned material, available
host-nation/coalition contributions, and movement of identified CBRND resources from stockpiles and reallocation activities are pursued by the Medical Services staff with the
JTF staff and COCOM staff to prepare and support deploying forces as outlined by the appropriate plan. Medical resources and systems are reallocated, when necessary and in
coordination with the JTF staff, from prepositioned and dispersed stocks of Medical Services elements deploying or operating within an JOA. Expeditionary operations are a
particular concern. Mass medical operations may not be possible until the theater matures or additional resources are allocated to the JTF. Additionally, deploying eligible civilians
and MWAs (particularly MWDs) are not equipped and trained to survive a CBRN/TIM environment. JTF Medical Services staff does not possess clear guidance for planning and
providing CBRN/TIM protection training and CBRND protection resources to deploying eligible civilians and MWAs. Current doctrine and policy does not adequately address
sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Large-scale medical activities and actions are not adequately addressed in DOTMLPF; especially those involving large
numbers of non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
23 DOTLPF is adequate for planning, equipping, deployment of forces, and coordination of Medical Services support. DOTLPF is inadequate to support sustained operations
within a CBRN/TIM environment, particularly expeditionary operations, during the first 30-60 days. Current DOTLPF does not fully address the unique aspects of CBRND and
the impact upon operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Current DOTLPF is inadequate for preparing and equipping deploying eligible civilians and MWAs. DOTLPF is
also inadequate to address large-scale medical CBRN/TIM operations, particularly sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment and/or COCOM actions associated with
large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.). DOTLPF is, further, inadequate for medical quarantine and/or
enforcement of medical isolation involving large numbers of non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nations, etc.).
24 JTF staff plans and supporting JTF Medical Services plans include predeployment medical screening and the stockpiling, allocation, and distribution of medical prophylaxis.
Specific implementation for the application of prophylactic immunizations is addressed in Medical Services support plans. Planning for large-scale medical operations are based
upon COCOM and Strategic Theater Medical Services plans and coordinated by the Medical Services staffs with the JTF staff for JTF support and appropriate resourcing.
DOTLPF is inadequate to address large-scale medical CBRN/TIM operations, particularly sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment and/or JTF staff and Medical
Services actions associated with large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
25 JTF plans address medical activities by referring to appropriate medical plans, policies, and procedures. The Medical Services staff plans and develops associated policies
addressing medical activities and procedures to support JTF operations. The invocation of quarantine and enforcement of medical isolation are within the purview of medical
authorities. The JTF staff provides support as defined in the coordinated and appropriate medical plans. The Medical Services staff coordinates with the JTF staff for Medical
Services support requirements and associated taskings and their inclusion in JTF staff planning. DOTLPF is inadequate to address large-scale medical CBRN/TIM operations,
particularly sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment and/or JTF staff and Medical Services actions associated with large-scale medical operations involving non-
U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
26 Existing medical facilities within an HTA exercise the reception of contaminated/exposed casualties. Voluntary institutional training for the treatment of contaminated/exposed
casualties is available through AMEDD. Periodic exercises are performed with medical activities, but on a limited basis, to provide training opportunities and to assess capabilities.
Treatment of casualties is currently performed following completion of casualty decontamination. AMEDD institutional training for the treatment of contaminated/exposed
casualties is not mandatory for medical practitioners identified for deployment or assignment where there exists a CBRN/TIM threat. The ability of the JTF staff to ensure medical
capabilities for CBRND is limited by routine medical operations and requirements. Generally, casualty care until completion of decontamination is performed by medical
corpsmen, not medical practitioners. Isolation of large-scale numbers of contaminated/infectious casualties is not adequately addressed in DOTLPF and current medical operations
are limited in their isolation abilities.
27 Force protection using medical prophylaxis is dependent upon identification of the threat, preplanning for a threat, positioning of stocks for issue and administration, timing of
notification to administer/issue prophylaxis, availability of medical personnel to perform administration (if required), ongoing operational requirements, and the available quantity
of sufficient medical prophylaxis to meet requirements. Vaccination to achieve acquired immunity by force personnel prior to entry into the theater or completion of an adequate
level of acquired immunity prior to adversary biological agent employment is a function of the preplanning and deployment operations. The JTF staff directs the implementation of
these measures when and as appropriate based upon established plans and Medical Services guidance. Medical prophylaxis does not exist for all threat biological agents. Current
prophylaxis and supporting doctrine, policy, and procedures do not address presymptomatic medical CBRND protective countermeasures by other than U.S. forces, excluding
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MWAs and eligible civilians. Additionally, the efficacy of existing prophylaxis, particularly vaccines, widely varies. The application of medical prophylaxis is not adequately
addressed for eligible civilians and MWAs within the force.
28 The Medical Services staff plans and associated policies address medical activities and procedures, including Preventative Medicine. Medical surveillance and the
implementation of medical countermeasures are within the purview of medical authorities and are a consideration for medical planning for operations with a CBRN/TIM threat.
The Medical Services staff coordinates with the JTF staff for Preventive Medicine support requirements, associated taskings, and their inclusion in JTF staff planning. DOTLPF is
inadequate to address large-scale medical CBRN/TIM operations, particularly sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment and/or JTF staff and Medical Services
actions associated with large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
29 COCOM and JTF plans include the medical review of personnel identified against deployment taskings. Screenings of deployable personnel are periodically performed for
potential limitations. Often, these are associated with annual medical physicals. The routine rotation and movement of personnel to and from units. The JTF and Medical Services
staff plans attempt to provide for early (prior to deployment notice) and continued medical screening of tasked forces. Plans also include provisions for the conduct of
predeployment screenings by medical personnel upon notification of deployment. Often, a record review is conducted of the period following the physical for indications of issues
precluding deployment. Predeployment medical screenings do not consider prior presymptomatic low-dose CBRN/TIM exposures, associated potential cumulative long-term
effects, and the potential threat. Timing of notice of deployment and the availability of medical personnel impact the conduct of predeployment screenings. Short-notice operations
and reallocated taskings may also impact the conduct of predeployment medical screenings. However, annual physicals, when used to meet deployment screening requirements,
may be conducted several months before a deployment.
30 Automated systems to track medical treatment and the movement of casualties exist at Echelon 3 and higher levels of care. Unit reporting includes CBRND readiness. Reliance
is placed upon the individual’s vaccination record and health record (both manual records) to reflect the most recent status of the individual. Current medical systems are
stovepiped and require manual intervention to share information. Medical treatment recording below Echelon 3 is limited and not linked to higher-echelon systems. Outpatient care
is not generally recorded and aggregate information is reported. Unit reporting is not linked to medical information systems. Individual manual vaccination and health records are
not always available or complete.
31 Medical prophylaxis is issued/administered for identified CBRN/TIM threats to the military force. The administration and issuance of prophylaxis is addressed by the JTF and
Medical Services staffs during the planning and support for operations. Prophylaxis for MWAs is virtually nonexistent. Prophylaxis for eligible civilians is not adequately
addressed in current doctrine, policy, and procedures.
32 Doctrine, policy, and procedures exist to identify potentially exposed units and personnel for treatment and medical surveillance. Potentially affected units are identified by
Medical Services to the JTF staff and appropriate medical actions are taken. Automated systems to track medical treatment and the movement of casualties exist at Echelon 3 and
higher levels of care. Current medical systems are stovepiped and require manual intervention to share information. Medical treatment recording below Echelon 3 is limited and
not linked to higher-echelon systems. Outpatient care is not generally recorded and aggregate information is reported.
33 JTF plans address medical activities by referring to appropriate medical plans, policies, and procedures. The Medical Services staff plans and develops associated policies
addressing medical activities and procedures to support JTF operations. The invocation of quarantine and enforcement of medical isolation are within the purview of medical
authorities. The JTF staff provides support as defined in the coordinated and appropriate medical plans. The Medical Services staff coordinates with the JTF staff for Medical
Services support requirements and associated taskings and their inclusion in JTF staff planning. DOTLPF is inadequate to address JTF actions associated with medical quarantine
and/or enforcement of medical isolation involving large numbers of non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
34 JTF plans address medical activities by referring to appropriate medical plans, policies, and procedures. The Medical Services staff plans and develops associated policies
addressing medical activities and procedures to support JTF operations. The implementation and operation of large-scale quarantine sheltering and treatment operations are with
purview of medical authorities. The JTF staff provides support and resources as defined in the coordinated and appropriate medical plans and as adjusted as requested by
appropriate medical authorities to meet specific circumstances. Large-scale medical activities and actions are not adequately addressed in DOTLPF; especially those involving
large numbers of non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
35 Existing standards and procedures provide adequate protection of handling and transporting personnel against secondary exposure/contamination and require the application of
protective equipment and measures if the potential exists for contamination/exposure. Casualties able to wear standard IPE are required to apply the equipment outside of CPSs.
Medical policy is the patient’s unit is responsible for providing the equipment to the medical unit for use by the patient. Unit-level training is limited to the movement of casualties
to the medical facility and is predominantly reliant upon tactical ground transport. Air transport (tactical rotary-wing) is a last resort due to concerns about asset contamination.
Tactical and strategic fixed-wing air transport is not considered an acceptable means of transport. Air and sea transport resources are inadequately equipped and prepared to
transport exposed and contaminated human and MWA casualties. Exposed and contaminated casualties (human and MWA) unable to wear IPE are not adequately addressed in
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doctrine, policy, and standards. Protective equipment is not available for these casualties. However, medical units are not provided stocks of standard IPE for use by patients.
Operationally involved units may be delayed, at best, in providing the equipment. Large-scale medical activities and actions are not adequately addressed in DOTLPF; especially
those involving large numbers of non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
36 The JTF and Medical Services staff conduct coordinated planning for operations using the COCOM-identified forces for the potential threat. Equipping the tasked force and
Medical Services elements are an integral part of planning and preparation. The combination of established force and Medical Services elements organic assets, material
acquisitions, prepositioned material, available host-nation/coalition contributions, and movement of identified CBRND resources from stockpiles and reallocation activities are
pursued by the JTF and Medical Services staffs with the COCOM staff to prepare and support deploying forces as outlined by the appropriate plan. Medical and CBRND resources
and systems are reallocated, when necessary, from prepositioned and dispersed stocks of units/Medical Services elements deploying or operating within an JOA. Expeditionary
operations are a particular concern. Mass medical operations may not be possible until the theater matures or additional resources are allocated to the JTF. Additionally, deploying
eligible civilians and MWAs (particularly MWDs) are not equipped and trained to survive a CBRN/TIM environment. JTF and Medical Services staffs do not possess clear
guidance for planning and providing CBRN/TIM protection training and CBRND protection resources to deploying eligible civilians and MWAs. Current doctrine and policy does
not adequately address sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Large-scale medical activities and actions are not adequately addressed in DOTLPF; especially
those involving large numbers of non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
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12.13.3
Functional Solution Analysis
12.13.3.1
DOTLPF Assessment Summary
This section addresses the deficiencies and suggests potential non-materiel solutions. If there are
no non-materiel solutions, or they are only partial solutions, the remaining non-materiel need is
then stated. Materiel needs are assessed in the IMA section.
1.
Deficiency: DOTLPF is inadequate to address large-scale medical CBRN/TIM operations,
particularly sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, procedures, and UJTL
sustained operations (medical and nonmedical) within a CBRN/TIM environment. Include
COCOM and Medical Services activities associated with the planning, coordination,
implementation, operation, and termination of large-scale medical operations involving non-
U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals,
displaced persons, detained persons, etc.). Organization: Ensure resources, taskings, and staff
are in place or available to plan and perform sustained operations (medical and nonmedical)
within a CBRN/TIM environment and/or operations addressing COCOM and Medical
Services actions associated with the planning, coordination, implementation, operation,
support, and termination of large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel
(e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals, displaced persons,
detained persons, etc.). Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for sustained
operations (medical and nonmedical) within a CBRN/TIM environment and/or operations
addressing COCOM and Medical Services actions associated with the planning,
coordination, implementation, operation, support, and termination of large-scale medical
operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians,
third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained persons, etc.). Leadership: Recognize
criticality of readiness of the force for potential sustained operations (medical and
nonmedical) within a CBRN/TIM environment, training providing the skills to manage the
force in these circumstances, and willingness and ability to implement necessary changes and
activities to prepare the force and appropriately support large-scale medical operations
involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians, third-party
nationals, displaced persons, detained persons, etc.). Personnel: Ensure that eligible civilian
personnel and operations supporting the mission/military operations (medical and
nonmedical) are qualified in CBRND and capable of performing their responsibilities in a
CBRN/TIM environment. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for sustained
operations within a CBRN/TIM environment and operations associated with large-scale
medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party
civilians, third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained persons, etc.).
2.
Deficiency: Joint medical training for the treatment of contaminated/exposed casualties is
not mandatory for medical practitioners identified for deployment or assignment where there
exists a CBRN/TIM threat.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Promulgate doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of institutional and unit training standards for the handling of exposed and
contaminated casualties. Training: Establish training, exercise, and evaluation standards for
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the safe handling of exposed and contaminated casualties. Leadership: Implement and
manage training and equipping of functions and activities handling exposed and
contaminated casualties.
3.
Deficiency: Joint medical training for the treatment of contaminated/exposed MWA
casualties is not mandatory for medical/veterinary practitioners identified for deployment or
assignment where there exists a CBRN/TIM threat.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Promulgate doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of institutional and unit training standards for the handling of exposed and
contaminated MWA casualties. Training: Establish training, exercise, and evaluation
standards for the safe handling of exposed and contaminated MWA casualties. Leadership:
Implement and manage training and equipping of functions and activities handling exposed
and contaminated MWA casualties.
4.
Deficiency: The ability of the JTF and Medical Services staffs to ensure medical capabilities
for CBRND is limited by routine medical operations and requirements.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures requiring
comprehensive participation and integration of all potentially affected personnel and
activities in CBRND exercises. Organization: All affected entities are aware of and
participate in comprehensive exercises. Training: All personnel (military and nonmilitary)
are trained in appropriate CBRND protective measures. Leadership: Recognize importance
of medical services and balance with criticality for readiness to rapidly and accurately
perform CBRND and conduct medical operations associated with CBRN/TIM environments
and hazards. Recognition of the value of comprehensive exercises to enhance readiness,
survival, and promote interaction between activities.
5.
Deficiency: Generally, casualty care until completion of decontamination is performed by
medical corpsmen, not medical practitioners.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Incorporate the safe handling, transport, protective
measures, medical reception and triage, and treatment of contaminated casualties into
doctrine, policy and procedures and requires specific exercising and evaluation for these
operations and activities that includes all activities and functions conducting these functions
including nonmedical activities and functions. Organization: Ensure resources, taskings, and
trained personnel are in place or available to support the handling, transport, protective
measures, medical reception and triage, and treatment of contaminated casualties by all
activities and functions conducting these functions including nonmedical activities and
functions. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the handling, transport, protective
measures, medical reception and triage, and treatment of contaminated casualties by all
activities and functions conducting these functions including nonmedical activities and
functions, including the prevention of secondary exposure/contamination. Leadership:
Implement and manage training, equipping, protective measures, and exercising for the safe
handling, transport, medical reception and triage, and treatment of contaminated casualties by
all activities and functions conducting these functions including nonmedical activities and
functions.
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6.
Deficiency: Generally, MWA casualty care until completion of decontamination is
performed by medical corpsmen, not medical/veterinary practitioners.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Incorporate the safe handling, transport, protective
measures, medical reception and triage, and treatment of contaminated MWA casualties into
doctrine, policy and procedures and requires specific exercising and evaluation for these
operations and activities that includes all activities and functions conducting these functions
including nonmedical activities and functions. Organization: Ensure resources, taskings, and
trained personnel are in place or available to support the handling, transport, protective
measures, medical reception and triage, and treatment of contaminated MWA casualties by
all activities and functions conducting these functions including nonmedical activities and
functions. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the handling, transport, protective
measures, medical reception and triage, and treatment of contaminated MWA casualties by
all activities and functions conducting these functions including nonmedical activities and
functions, including the prevention of secondary exposure/contamination. Leadership:
Implement and manage training, equipping, protective measures, and exercising for the safe
handling, transport, medical reception and triage, and treatment of contaminated MWA
casualties by all activities and functions conducting these functions including nonmedical
activities and functions.
7.
Deficiency: Isolation of large-scale numbers of contaminated/infectious casualties is not
adequately addressed in DOTMLPF and current medical operations are limited in their
isolation abilities.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, procedures, and UJTL
COCOM and Medical Services activities associated with the planning, coordination,
implementation, operation, and termination of large-scale medical operations involving non-
U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals,
displaced persons, detained persons, etc.). Organization: Ensure resources, taskings, and staff
are in place or available for operations addressing COCOM and Medical Services actions
associated with the planning, coordination, implementation, operation, support, and
termination of large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous
civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained persons,
etc.). Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for COCOM and Medical Services
actions associated with the planning, coordination, implementation, operation, support, and
termination of large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous
civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained persons,
etc.). Leadership: Recognize criticality of readiness of the force for potential operations
(medical and nonmedical) within a CBRN/TIM environment, training providing the skills to
manage the force in these circumstances, and willingness and ability to implement necessary
changes and activities to prepare the force and appropriately support large-scale medical
operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians,
third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained persons, etc.). Personnel: Ensure that
eligible civilian personnel and operations supporting the mission/military operations (medical
and nonmedical) are qualified in CBRND and capable of performing their responsibilities in
a CBRN/TIM environment. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for operations
associated with large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g.,
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indigenous civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained
persons, etc.).
8. Deficiency: Medical prophylaxis does not exist for all threat biological agents.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of standards for prophylactic CBRND protection against all threat agents.
Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate personnel (military and eligible civilians) on the use
of prophylactic CBRND protection against threat agents. Leadership: Enforce compliance
with established standards (see Footnote 1 above) for prophylactic CBRND protection.
Implement and ensure training is adequate and conduct exercises and evaluations to ensure
readiness.
9. Deficiency: Current prophylaxis and supporting doctrine, policy, and procedures do not
address presymptomatic medical CBRND protective countermeasures by other than U.S.
forces, excluding eligible civilians.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing
eligible civilians during CBRND operations and the provision of CBRND protection,
including prophylaxis. Training: Establish CBRND training, exercise, and evaluation criteria
and programs for eligible civilians and conduct CBRND training, exercises, and evaluations.
Leadership: Implement and manage CBRND training, equipping, and protection of eligible
civilians.
10. Deficiency: Current prophylaxis and supporting doctrine, policy, and procedures do not
address presymptomatic medical CBRND protective countermeasures by other than U.S.
forces, excluding MWAs.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing
MWAs during CBRND operations and the provision of CBRND protection, including
prophylaxis. Training: Establish CBRND training, exercise, and evaluation criteria and
programs for MWAs and conduct CBRND training, exercises, and evaluations. Leadership:
Implement and manage CBRND training, equipping, and protection of MWAs.
11. Deficiency: The efficacy of existing prophylaxis, particularly vaccines, widely varies.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of baseline standards for prophylactic CBRND protection against all threat
agents. Leadership: Enforce compliance with established standards (see Footnote 5 above)
for prophylactic CBRND protection.
12. Deficiency: The application of medical prophylaxis is not adequately addressed for eligible
civilians within the force.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures
requirement to address the administration, provision, and application of medical CBRND
protective countermeasures by eligible civilians. Organization: Address organizational issues
(e.g., who provides the equipment, support forces to train and equip, etc.) related to the
provision of CBRN/TIM protection to eligible civilians. Training: Include eligible civilians
in CBRND training, exercises, and evaluations. Identify training requirements and
responsibilities for non-U.S. forces. Leadership: Ensure leadership awareness of criticality of
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increased dependence of military operations upon civilians. Personnel: Require eligible
civilians supporting the mission to meet minimum standards for safe use of CBRND
resources. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for eligible civilian CBRND (e.g.,
logistics, medical services, veterinary surveillance, etc.).
13. Deficiency: The application of medical prophylaxis is not adequately addressed for MWAs
within the force.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures
requirement to address the administration, provision, and application of medical CBRND
protective countermeasures by MWAs, particularly MWDs. Organization: Address
organizational issues (e.g., who provides the equipment, support forces to train and equip,
etc.) related to the provision of CBRN/TIM protection to MWAs. Training: Include MWAs
in CBRND training, exercises, and evaluations. Leadership: Ensure leadership awareness of
criticality of MWD resources. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for MWA
CBRND (e.g., logistics, medical services, veterinary surveillance, etc.).
14. Deficiency: Predeployment medical screenings do not consider prior presymptomatic low-
dose CBRN/TIM exposures, associated potential cumulative long-term effects, and the
potential threat.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of low-dose exposure limits and cumulative long-term low-dose exposures in
predeployment medical screenings. Leadership: Enforce compliance with established
doctrine, policy, and procedures (see Footnote 10 above) for low-dose exposure limits and
cumulative long-term low-dose exposures in predeployment medical screenings.
15. Deficiency: Timing of notice of deployment and the availability of medical personnel impact
the conduct of predeployment screenings.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of baseline standards for prophylactic CBRND protection against all threat
agents. Leadership: Enforce compliance with established standards (see Footnote 5 above)
for prophylactic CBRND protection.
16. Deficiency: Short-notice operations and reallocated taskings may also impact the conduct of
predeployment medical screenings.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of baseline standards for prophylactic CBRND protection against all threat
agents. Leadership: Enforce compliance with established standards for prophylactic CBRND
protection.
17. Deficiency: Annual physicals, when used to meet deployment screening requirements, may
be conducted several months before a deployment.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of baseline standards for prophylactic CBRND protection against all threat
agents. Leadership: Enforce compliance with established standards (see Footnote 5 above)
for prophylactic CBRND protection.
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18. Deficiency: Current medical systems are stovepiped and require manual intervention to share
information.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Enforce doctrine, policy, and procedures for integrated
automated systems and application of data systems standards.
19. Deficiency: Medical treatment recording below Echelon 3 is limited and not linked to
higher-echelon systems.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Enforce doctrine, policy, and procedures for integrated
automated systems and application of data systems standards.
20. Deficiency: Outpatient care is not generally recorded and aggregate information is reported.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Dotrine: Enforce doctrine, policy, and procedures for integrated
automated systems, application of data systems standards, and the timely and accurate
reporting of medical treatment information.
21. Deficiency: Unit reporting is not linked to medical information systems.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Enforce doctrine, policy, and procedures for integrated
automated systems and application of data systems standards.
22. Deficiency: Individual manual vaccination and health records are not always available or
complete.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Enforce doctrine, policy, and procedures for integrated
automated systems, application of data systems standards, and the timely and accurate
reporting of medical treatment information.
23. Deficiency: Prophylaxis for MWAs is virtually nonexistent.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish doctrine, policy, and procedures CBRND
protection of MWAs, particularly MWDs, and training for CBRN/TIM environment survival.
Organization: Ensure organizational consideration for maintenance and support of MWA
CBRND protective equipment, measures, and activities. Training: Provide institutional and
unit training of handlers and MWAs for CBRND measures and activities. Leadership: Ensure
awareness and planning for CBRND measures and requirements for MWA survivability.
Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for MWA CBRND (e.g., logistics, veterinary
surveillance, etc.).
24. Deficiency: DOTMLPF is inadequate to address JTF actions associated with medical
quarantine and/or enforcement of medical isolation involving large numbers of non-U.S.
personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, procedures, and UJTL
sustained operations (medical and nonmedical) within a CBRN/TIM environment. Include
COCOM and Medical Services activities associated with the planning, coordination,
implementation, operation, and termination of large-scale medical operations involving non-
U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals,
displaced persons, detained persons, etc.). Organization: Ensure resources, taskings, and staff
are in place or available to plan and perform sustained operations (medical and nonmedical)
within a CBRN/TIM environment and/or operations addressing COCOM and Medical
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Services actions associated with the planning, coordination, implementation, operation,
support, and termination of large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel
(e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals, displaced persons,
detained persons, etc.). Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for sustained
operations (medical and nonmedical) within a CBRN/TIM environment and/or operations
addressing COCOM and Medical Services actions associated with the planning,
coordination, implementation, operation, support, and termination of large-scale medical
operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians,
third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained persons, etc.). Leadership: Recognize
criticality of readiness of the force for potential sustained operations (medical and
nonmedical) within a CBRN/TIM environment, training providing the skills to manage the
force in these circumstances, and willingness and ability to implement necessary changes and
activities to prepare the force and appropriately support large-scale medical operations
involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians, third-party
nationals, displaced persons, detained persons, etc.). Personnel: Ensure that eligible civilian
personnel and operations supporting the mission/military operations (medical and
nonmedical) are qualified in CBRND and capable of performing their responsibilities in a
CBRN/TIM environment. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for sustained
operations within a CBRN/TIM environment and operations associated with large-scale
medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party
civilians, third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained persons, etc.).
25. Deficiency: Large-scale medical activities and actions are not adequately addressed in
DOTMLPF; especially those involving large numbers of non-U.S. personnel (e.g.,
indigenous civilians, third-party nationals, etc.).
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, procedures, and UJTL
COCOM and Medical Services activities associated with the planning, coordination,
implementation, operation, and termination of large-scale medical operations involving non-
U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals,
displaced persons, det ained persons, etc.). Organization: Ensure resources, taskings, and
staff are in place or available for operations addressing COCOM and Medical Services
actions associated with the planning, coordination, implementation, operation, support, and
termination of large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous
civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained persons,
etc.). Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for COCOM and Medical Services
actions associated with the planning, coordination, implementation, operation, support, and
termination of large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous
civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained persons,
etc.). Leadership: Recognize criticality of readiness of the force for potential operations
(medical and nonmedical) within a CBRN/TIM environment, training providing the skills to
manage the force in these circumstances, and willingness and ability to implement necessary
changes and activities to prepare the force and appropriately support large-scale medical
operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians,
third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained persons, etc.). Personnel: Ensure that
eligible civilian personnel and operations supporting the mission/military operations (medical
and nonmedical) are qualified in CBRND and capable of performing their responsibilities in
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a CBRN/TIM environment. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for operations
associated with large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g.,
indigenous civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained
persons, etc.).
26. Deficiency: Air transport (tactical rotary-wing) is a last resort due to concerns about asset
contamination. Tactical and strategic fixed-wing air transport is not considered an acceptable
means of transport. Air and sea transport resources are inadequately equipped and prepared
to transport exposed and contaminated casualties.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Promulgate and implement doctrine, policy, standards,
and procedures for the safe transport by air and sea of exposed and contaminated casualties,
including the prevention of secondary exposure/contamination of the airframe and aircrew.
Organization: Organizational resources, taskings, and trained personnel are in place or
available to support the safe air and sea transport of exposed and contaminated casualties,
including the prevention of secondary exposure/contamination of the airframe and aircrew.
Training: Institutional and unit-level training for application of standards for the safe
transport by air and sea of exposed and contaminated casualties. Exercising and evaluations
to assess capabilities and prepare for the conduct of safe transport by air of exposed and
contaminated casualties. Training, exercising, and evaluation include measures to prevent
secondary exposure/contamination of the airframe and aircrew. Leadership: Recognize
criticality for the protection of air transport resources from secondary contamination/
exposure to CBRN/TIM agents while providing safe air/sea transport of exposed and
contaminated casualties. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for the safe air
transport of contaminated casualties, including the prevention of secondary exposure/
contamination to airframe/vessel and crews.
27. Deficiency: Air transport (tactical rotary-wing) is a last resort due to concerns about asset
contamination. Tactical and strategic fixed-wing air transport is not considered an acceptable
means of transport. Air and sea transport resources are inadequately equipped and prepared
to transport exposed and contaminated MWA casualties.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Promulgate and implement doctrine, policy, standards,
and procedures for the safe transport by air and sea of exposed and contaminated MWA
casualties, including the prevention of secondary exposure/contamination of the airframe and
aircrew. Organization: Organizational resources, taskings, and trained personnel are in place
or available to support the safe air and sea transport of exposed and contaminated MWA
casualties, including the prevention of secondary exposure/contamination of the airframe and
aircrew. Training: Institutional and unit-level training for application of standards for the safe
transport by air and sea of exposed and contaminated MWA casualties. Exercising and
evaluations to assess capabilities and prepare for the conduct of safe transport by air of
exposed and contaminated MWA casualties. Training, exercising, and evaluation include
measures to prevent secondary exposure/contamination of the airframe and aircrew.
Leadership: Recognize criticality for the protection of air transport resources from secondary
contamination/exposure to CBRN/TIM agents while providing safe air/sea transport of
exposed and contaminated MWA casualties. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for
the safe air transport of contaminated MWA casualties, including the prevention of
secondary exposure/contamination to airframe/vessel and crews.
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28. Deficiency: Exposed and contaminated casualties unable to wear IPE are not adequately
addressed in doctrine, policy, and standards.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Promulgate doctrine, policy, and procedures for the
application of CBRND standards for the protection of casualties who cannot be adequately
protected by standard IPE, including prevention of secondary exposure/contamination.
Organization: Ensure organizational considerations for the protection of casualties who
cannot be adequately protected by standard IPE, including prevention of secondary
exposure/contamination. Includes ensuring resources, taskings, and trained personnel are in
place or available. Training: Establish training, exercise, and evaluation standards/criteria
involving exposed and contaminated casualties. Leadership: Recognize criticality for the
protection of casualties who cannot be adequately protected by standard IPE, training
providing skills to manage operations of these types, and willingness to implement necessary
changes and activities to prepare to perform and support protective operations/activities.
29. Deficiency: Exposed and contaminated MWA casualties unable to wear IPE are not
adequately addressed in doctrine, policy, and standards.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Promulgate doctrine, policy, and procedures for the
application of CBRND standards for the protection of MWA casualties who cannot be
adequately protected by standard IPE, including prevention of secondary
exposure/contamination. Organization: Ensure organizational considerations for the
protection of MWA casualties who cannot be adequately protected by standard IPE,
including prevention of secondary exposure/contamination. Includes ensuring resources,
taskings, and trained personnel are in place or available. Training: Establish training,
exercise, and evaluation standards/criteria involving exposed and contaminated MWA
casualties. Leadership: Recognize criticality for the protection of MWA casualties who
cannot be adequately protected by standard IPE, training providing skills to manage
operations of these types, and willingness to implement necessary changes and activities to
prepare to perform and support protective operations/activities.
30. Deficiency: Protective equipment is not available for exposed and contaminated casualties
unable to wear IPE.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Promulgate doctrine, policy, and procedures for the
application of CBRND standards for the protection of casualties who cannot be adequately
protected by standard IPE, including prevention of secondary exposure/contamination.
Organization: Ensure organizational considerations for the protection of casualties who
cannot be adequately protected by standard IPE, including prevention of secondary
exposure/contamination. Includes ensuring resources, taskings, and trained personnel are in
place or available. Training: Establish training, exercise, and evaluation standards/criteria
involving exposed and contaminated casualties. Leadership: Recognize criticality for the
protection of casualties who cannot be adequately protected by standard IPE, training
providing skills to manage operations of these types, and willingness to implement necessary
changes and activities to prepare to perform and support protective operations/activities.
31. Deficiency: Protective equipment is not available for exposed and contaminated MWA
casualties unable to wear IPE.
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Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Promulgate doctrine, policy, and procedures for the
application of CBRND standards for the protection of MWA casualties who cannot be
adequately protected by standard IPE, including prevention of secondary exposure/
contamination. Organization: Ensure organizational considerations for the protection of
MWA casualties who cannot be adequately protected by standard IPE, including prevention
of secondary exposure/contamination. Includes ensuring resources, taskings, and trained
personnel are in place or available. Training: Establish training, exercise, and evaluation
standards/criteria involving exposed and contaminated MWA casualties. Leadership:
Recognize criticality for the protection of MWA casualties who cannot be adequately
protected by standard IPE, training providing skills to manage operations of these types, and
willingness to implement necessary changes and activities to prepare to perform and support
protective operations/activities.
32. Deficiency: Medical units are not provided stocks of standard IPE for use by patients.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Promulgate doctrine, policy, and procedures for the
provisioning of Medical Services elements with standard IPE for the protection of human and
appropriate MWA casualties who can be adequately protected by standard IPE.
33. Deficiency: Expeditionary operations are a particular concern. Mass medical operations may
not be possible until the theater matures or additional resources are allocated to the JTF.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Complete the JCIDS process and central correlation/
comparison of operations plans to identify CBRND resources necessary and available to
support expeditionary medical operations during the first 30-90 days following
commencement of hostilities and with a reduced logistical footprint. Organization: Develop
organizational structures, resources, staffing, and capabilities to conduct expeditionary
medical operations while possessing reduced logistical footprint and during the first 30-90
days of operations following commencement of hostilities. Training: Train, exercise, and
evaluate expeditionary capabilities of the force in a CBRN/TIM threat with reduced logistical
footprint during the initial 30-90 days of operations using CBRND resources supporting
expeditionary medical operations. Leadership: Recognize differences and challenges
associated with expeditionary medical operations during the first 30-90 days following
commencement of hostilities and with a reduced logistical footprint; training providing skills
and knowledge to manage operations in these circumstances, and ability and willingness to
implement necessary changes and activities to prepare for and conduct expeditionary medical
operations with a CBRN/TIM threat. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for
expeditionary medical operations during the first 30-90 days following commencement of
hostilities and with a reduced logistical footprint.
34. Deficiency: Deploying eligible civilians are not equipped and trained to survive a
CBRN/TIM environment.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish doctrine, policy, and procedures CBRND
protection of eligible civilians and training for CBRN/TIM environment survival.
Organization: Ensure organizational consideration for maintenance and support of eligible
civilians CBRND protective equipment, measures, and activities. Training: Provide
institutional and unit training of eligible civilians for CBRND measures and activities.
Integrate into CBRND exercises and evaluations. Leadership: Ensure awareness and
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planning for CBRND measures and requirements for eligible civilians survivability.
Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for eligible civilians CBRND (e.g., logistics,
medical, communications, training, etc.).
35. Deficiency: Deploying MWAs (particularly MWDs) are not equipped and trained to survive
a CBRN/TIM environment.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish doctrine, policy, and procedures CBRND
protection of MWAs, particularly MWDs, and training for CBRN/TIM environment survival.
Organization: Ensure organizational consideration for maintenance and support of MWA
CBRND protective equipment, measures, and activities. Training: Provide institutional and
unit training of eligible civilians, MWA handlers, and MWAs for CBRND measures and
activities. Integrate into CBRND exercises and evaluations. Leadership: Ensure awareness
and planning for CBRND measures and requirements for MWD survivability. Facilities:
Develop supporting infrastructure for MWD CBRND (e.g., logistics, medical, veterinary
surveillance, communications, training, etc.).
36. Deficiency: JTF and Medical Services Staffs do not possess clear guidance for planning and
providing CBRN/TIM protection training and CBRND protection resources to deploying
eligible civilians.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing
civilian personnel and operations for CBRND. Organization: Identify organizational services
and activities supporting the mission performed by civilian personnel and operations.
Training: Establish CBRND training, exercise, and evaluation criteria and programs for
eligible civilians and conduct CBRND training, exercises, and evaluations. Leadership:
Implement and manage CBRND training, equipping, and protection of eligible civilians.
Personnel: Ensure that eligible civilians supporting the mission/military operations are
qualified in CBRND and capable of performing their responsibilities in a CBRN/TIM
environment. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for eligible civilian CBRND (e.g.,
logistics, medical, training, communications, etc.).
37. Deficiency: JTF and Medical Services Staffs do not possess clear guidance for planning and
providing CBRN/TIM protection training and CBRND protection resources to deploying
MWAs.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing
MWAs, particularly MWDs, and MWA operations for CBRND. Organization: Identify
organizational services and activities supporting CBRN/TIM survival by MWAs and mission
operations. Training: Establish CBRND training, exercise, and evaluation criteria and
programs for MWDs; and conduct CBRND training, exercises, and evaluations. Leadership:
Implement and manage CBRND training, equipping, and protection of MWAs. Facilities:
Develop supporting infrastructure for MWD CBRND (e.g., logistics, medical, veterinary
surveillance, training, communications, etc.).
38. Deficiency: Current DOTMLPF does not fully address the unique aspects of CBRND and
the impact upon operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, procedures, and UJTL
sustained operations (medical and nonmedical) within a CBRN/TIM environment.
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Organization: Ensure resources, taskings, and staff are in place or available to plan and
perform sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Training: Train, exercise,
and evaluate the force for sustained operations (medical and nonmedical) within a
CBRN/TIM environment. Leadership: Recognize criticality of readiness of the force for
potential sustained operations (medical and nonmedical) within a CBRN/TIM environment,
training providing the skills to manage the force in these circumstances, and willingness and
ability to implement necessary changes and activities to prepare and appropriately apply the
force. Personnel: Ensure that eligible civilian personnel and operations supporting the
mission/military operations (medical and nonmedical) are qualified in CBRND and capable
of performing their responsibilities in a CBRN/TIM environment.
39. Deficiency: Current DOTMLPF is inadequate for preparing and equipping deploying eligible
civilians and MWAs.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing
eligible civilian personnel and MWDs for CBRND. Organization: Identify organization
services and activities necessary to support survivability of MWD and eligible civilian
personnel within a CBRN/TIM environment. Training: Establish CBRND training, exercise,
and evaluation criteria and programs for MWDs and eligible civilians and conduct CBRND
training, exercises, and evaluations. Leadership: Implement and manage CBRND training,
equipping, and protection of eligible civilian personnel and MWDs.
40. Deficiency: DOTMLPF is inadequate for medical quarantine and/or enforcement of medical
isolation involving large numbers of non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-
party nations, etc.).
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, procedures, and UJTL
COCOM and Medical Services activities associated with the planning, coordination,
implementation, operation, and termination of large-scale medical operations involving non-
U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals,
displaced persons, detained persons, etc.). Organization: Ensure resources, taskings, and staff
are in place or available for operations addressing COCOM and Medical Services actions
associated with the planning, coordination, implementation, operation, support, and
termination of large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous
civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained persons,
etc.). Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for COCOM and Medical Services
actions associated with the planning, coordination, implementation, operation, support, and
termination of large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous
civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained persons,
etc.). Leadership: Recognize criticality of readiness of the force for potential operations
(medical and nonmedical) within a CBRN/TIM environment, training providing the skills to
manage the force in these circumstances, and willingness and ability to implement necessary
changes and activities to prepare the force and appropriately support large-scale medical
operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians,
third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained persons, etc.). Personnel: Ensure that
eligible civilian personnel and operations supporting the mission/military operations (medical
and nonmedical) are qualified in CBRND and capable of performing their responsibilities in
a CBRN/TIM environment. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for operations
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associated with large-scale medical operations involving non-U.S. personnel (e.g.,
indigenous civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained
persons, etc.).
12.13.3.2
IMA Assessment Summary
N/A
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12.14 Task OPSHLD 14: Establish mortuary process to handle contaminated remains
12.14.1
Functional Area Analysis
12.14.1.1
Definition
To establish the mortuary process to ensure the safe handling, storage, and transport of
contaminated remains. Contaminated human and MWA remains may require storage and
transport to another location. The safe handling, storage, and transport of contaminated human
and MWA remains may require that they be fully and completely contained and sealed to
minimize the potential for release of contaminants. Contaminated remains IPE must be
impermeable and not permit release of contaminants. The design must be functional and easy to
transport, store, support, and dispose. Decontamination of the remains and container will be
required. When operational conditions and mission requirements allow, remains’
decontamination, handling processes, disposition, and containers should be compatible with the
appropriate religious practices.
12.14.1.2
Derivation
Joint Enabling Concept for CBRN Operations, An Operational Concept for Biological Defense,
Protection Joint Functional Concept, UJTL (OP 2.4.1.1, OP 5.4.4, OP 5.3, OP 5.4, OP 5.4.6,
OP 5.5.9, OP 5.7.2, OP 5.7.4, OP 5.7.5, OP 5.7.6, OP 6.2.10, OP 7, OP 7.3, OP 7.4).
12.14.1.2.1
Supported Task: N/A
12.14.1.2.2
Lateral Task: OPSHA 7
12.14.1.2.3
Supporting Task: TASHLD 13
12.14.1.3
Condition
Perform this task under conditions of:
Physical
1. Immediate to delayed danger, and potential long-term health hazard of atmospheric
weapons effects. (C1.3.3)
Military
1. Partially completed mission preparation. (C2.1.3)
2. Weak to marginal forces assigned. (C2.2.1)
3. Negligible personnel experience. (C2.2.4.5)
4. Limited staff expertise. (C2.3.1.3)
5. Limited deployed supplies. (C2.8.2)
6. Limited prepositioned materiel. (C2.8.4)
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Civil
1. Opposed international politics. (C3.1.2)
2. Severe restraints on action. (C3.1.3.4)
12.14.2
Functional Needs Analysis
12.14.2.1
Capability and Deficiency Assessment Summary
Table 12.14-1 summarizes the capability and deficiencies that currently exist addressing
standards, criteria, and procedures for the safe handling and transport of CBRN/TIM exposed or
contaminated human and MWA remains.
Current Capability and Deficiency
Mortuary Affairs plans, equips, trains, and prepares for the conduct of Mortuary Affairs activities
and processes of remains exposed to or contaminated by CBRN/TIM agents. This task includes
actions, notices, and materials necessary to preclude potential for secondary exposure by
handling, storing, and transporting resources from collection to interment. This also encompasses
necessary coordination activities to transport contaminated/exposed remains. CBRN/TIM
contaminated remains are handled as hazardous or infectious materials when crossing
international borders and are under auspices of nternational treaties and standards. Nations
conforming to United Natnios treaties, regulations, and codes with impact upon international
transport of remains are identified. However, these treaties and standards do not specifically
address exposed and contaminated human and MWA remains resulting from a CBRN/TIM
agent, nor do they address mortuary activities. Each nation establishes standards and
requirements for mortuary activities as well as requirements for interment within their borders.
U.S. national standards also exist for the movement of remains but do not extend to CBRN/TIM
exposed and contaminated remains. Individual state regulations and requirements vary but are
based upon U.S. national standards. However, these regulations and requirements may impact
interment requirements. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines for movement of highly
infectious remains exist and are applied to specific cases for epidemiological investigation and
apply only to CDC activities. Deficiencies also include the lack of containment packaging for
CBRN/TIM agent exposed and contaminated remains; adequate standards for the marking and
safe transport of CBRN/TIM agent exposed and contaminated remains; and the provision of
detection and monitoring capabilities for CBRN/TIM contamination/exposure of remains. The
overall current capability is “green.”
Projected Near/Mid-Term Capability and Deficiency
No change projected for this task.
Projected Far-Term Capability and Deficiency
No change projected for this task.
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Table 12.14-1. OPSHLD 14: Capability and Deficiency Assessment
Mortuary Affairs
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
Current Overall Capability1
G2
Y3
G4
R3
Y5
G6
R7
G8
Near/Mid-Term Overall Capability
G
Y
G
R
Y
G
R
G
Far-Term Overall Capability
G
Y
G
R
Y
G
R
G
FAA Measure
Scale
M1
Coordination is performed with
G: Mortuary Affairs units/activities coordiante with the JTF and Medical Services staffs to facilitate the recovery,
Mortuary Affairs for handling,
handling, decontamination, and interment of human remains.
decontaminating, and
Y: Mortuary Affairs units/activities coordinate with the JTF and Medical Services staffs to facilitate the recovery
transporting human and MWA
and interment of human remains.
remains.
R: Coordination with the JTF and/or Medical Services staffs is inadequate or nonexistent for the recovery and
interment of human remains.
M2
Mortuary Affairs plans and
G: Doctrine, policies, procedures, TTPs, and plans address the receipt, handling, decontamination, identification,
procedures address the receipt,
marking, and transport of CBRN/TIM exposed/contaminated remains.
handling, decontamination,
Y: Doctrine, policies, procedures, TTPs, and plans address the receipt, handling, decontamination, and
identification, marking, and
identification of CBRN/TIM exposed/contaminated remains.
transportation of CBRN/TIM
R: Doctrine, policies, procedures, TTPs, and/or plans are inadequate or nonexistent for the receipt, handling,
exposed/contaminated remains.
decontamination, and/or identification of CBRN/TIM exposed/contaminated remains.
M3
Mortuary Affairs personnel are
G: Detailed doctrine, policy, procedures, and training exist for the safe handling of CBRN/TIM exposed/
trained to handle CBRN/TIM
contaminated remains by Mortuary Affairs personnel and activities.
exposed/contaminated remains.
Y: General doctrine, policy, procedures, and training exist for the handling of CBRN/TIM exposed/contaminated
remains by Mortuary Affairs pesonnel.
R: Doctrine, policy, procedures, and training are inadequate or nonexistent for the handling of CBRN/TIM
exposed/contaminated remains by Mortuary Affairs personnel.
M4
Contaminated/infectious human
G: Doctrine, policy, procedures, TTPs, training, and plans address the appliction of protective assets and the safe
and MWA remains are safely
handling and transport of exposed or contaminated human/MWA remains and specify requirements and measures
processed, transported, and
for the protection of personnel, activities, and resources performing the handling and transport.
disposition completed.
Y: Doctrine, policy, procedures, TTPs, training, and plans address the safe handling and transport of exposed or
contaminated remains and identify general measures for the protection of personnel, activities, and resources
performing the handling and transport.
R: Doctrine, policy, procedures, TTPs, training, and/or plans are nonexistent or inadequate to address the safe
handling and/or transport of exposed or contaminated remains and/or identification of general measures for the
protection of personnel, activities, and/or resources performing the handling and/or transport.
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M5
Mortuary Affairs units/activities
G: Mortuary Affairs units and activities are equipped and trained to operate CBRN/TIM detection devices and
are trained and equipped to
sensors for application to remains.
operate CBRN/TIM detection
Y: Mortuary Affairs units and activities are trained and equipped to apply standard individual CBRN detection and
and monitoring devices.
monitoring devices for application to remains.
R: Training and/or equipping of Mortuary Affairs units and/or activities is inadequate or nonexistent detection and
monitoring of CBRN/TIM in remains.
M6
Mortuary Affairs personnel
G: Mortuary Affairs personnel are equipped with adequate splash and CBRN/TIM IPE protection.
possess IPE and splash-
Y: Mortuary Affairs personnel are equipped with CBRN/TIM IPE protection and limited splash protection.
protective coverings.
R: Splash and/or IPE protection is inadequate or nonexistent.
M7
Required remains CBRN/TIM
G: Adequate types and quantities of CBRN/TIM containment IPE, storage, and transport containers for
containment, IPE, storage and
contaminated remains are readily available for the sealed containment of CBRN/TIM exposed/contaminated
transport containers for
remains.
contaminated remains are on
Y: CBRN/TIM exposed/contaminated remains containment IPE, storage, and transport containers are readily
hand.
available, and doctrine, policies, procedures, and TTPs exist for the containment and transport of CBRN/TIM
contaminated/exposed remains.
R: Doctrine, policy, procedures, TTPs, and/or CBRN/TIM exposed/contaminated remains containment IPE,
storage, and/or transport containers are inadequate or nonexistent.
M8
Required decontamination
G: Detailed plans and procedures exist addressing the recovery, preparation, and interment of remains include the
supplies and equipment are on
identification and allocation of resources and consumables for the effective conduct of remains decontamination.
hand.
Y: Plans and procedures addressing remains recovery, preparation, and interment identify general requirements for
resources and consumables for adequate decontamination of remains.
R: Plans and procedures addressing remains recovery, prepartion, and/or interment are nonexistent or inadequately
identify types and quantities of resources and materials necessary to decontaminate remains.
1 Existing DOTMLPF is adequate for the reception, processing, and temporary interment of contaminated remains within the JOA. However, DOTMLPF is inadequate for the
containment and transport of contaminated remains for final interment outside the JOA.
2 Mortuary Affairs units/activities coordinate with the JTF staff to facilitate the recovery, preparation, and final interment of human remains. MWA remains are not processed by
these units; rather they are managed by the respective Service’s veterinary support elements. However, DOTMLPF is inadequate for the processing of non-U.S. personnel (e.g.,
indigenous civilians, third-party nations, etc.)
3 Primary duty mortuary personnel possess adequate doctrine, policy, and procedures to reduce the potential for secondary exposure/contamination. Existing doctrine, policy, and
procedures provide adequate protection of personnel against secondary exposure/contamination. Doctrine, policy, and procedures require the application of protective equipment
and measures if the potential exists for contamination/exposure. Prior decontamination of exposed/contaminated remains is the only identified means for protecting transportation
assets against secondary contamination. The predominant means is decontamination of the asset following secondary exposure/contamination. Protection of support equipment is
inadequate. Movement of remains is generally limited initially to tactical ground transport. Air transport (tactical rotary-wing) is a last resort due to concerns about asset
contamination. Tactical and strategic fixed-wing air transport is not considered an acceptable means of transport. Decontaminated and contained remains may not be considered a
secondary risk by air asset managers. Contaminated remains are handled as hazardous or infectious materials when crossing international borders and are under the treaty auspices
of the U.N. The primary applicable codes are under the World Health Organization (WHO) and promulgated under the International Health Regulations of 1969 (as amended).
Transport requirements are also governed by the international Civil Aviation Organization Technical Instructions on the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods By Air (ICAO TI);
International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IDMG) Code, and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Internal Atomic Energy Regulations for the Safe Transport of
Radioactive Materials. However, these standards do not specifically address exposed or contaminated human and MWA remains as the result of a CBRN/TIM agent. National
standards and procedures for the movement of human and MWA remains do exist. The extention of these standards and procedures to exposed and contaminated remains does not
currently exist. CDC guidelines for movement of highly infectious remains do exist and are applied for specific cases of epidemiological investigation. It is also noted each state
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possess unique requirements for the movement and interment of remains. However, DOTMLPF is inadequate for the processing of non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians,
third-party nations, etc.). Standardized international markings for contaminated/exposed remains do not exist.
4 Primary duty mortuary personnel possess adequate doctrine, policy, procedures, and training to reduce the potential for secondary exposure/contamination. Existing doctrine,
policy, and procedures provide adequate protection of personnel against secondary exposure/contamination. Doctrine, policy, and procedures require the application of protective
equipment and measures if the potential exists for contamination/exposure.
5 Mortuary Affairs units/activities are not equipped and trained to operate and apply CBRN/TIM detection and monitoring devices other than standard individual warfighter
detection devices (e.g., M9 paper, etc.).
6 Existing protective equipment provides adequate protection of personnel against secondary exposure/contamination. The application of protective equipment and measures if the
potential exists for contamination/ exposure is a standard practice. Mortuary personnel performing decontamination and remains preparation additionally require splash protection
against decontaminants and body fluids.
7 Protective containment systems are inadequate or nonexistent.
8 Mortuary Affairs develops plans to support JTF operations and to facilitate the recovery, preparation, and final interment of human remains. Included in the planning is the
identification of decontamination supplies and equipment to process contaminated remains. These plans are coordinated with the JTF staff and required support requirements are
identified for inclusion in the JTF plans.
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12.14.3
Functional Solution Analysis
12.14.3.1
DOTLPF Assessment Summary
This section addresses the deficiencies and suggests potential non-materiel solutions. If there are
no non-materiel solutions, or they are only partial solutions, the remaining non-materiel need is
then stated. Materiel needs are assessed in the IMA section.
1.
Deficiency: DOTMLPF is inadequate for the processing of non-U.S. personnel (e.g.,
indigenous civilians, third-party nations, etc.)
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Address in doctrine, policy, and procedures Mortuary
Affairs operations and activities involving CBRN/TIM contaminated or exposed remains of
non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals,
displaced persons, detained persons, etc.). Organization: Ensure resources, taskings, and staff
are in place or available for Mortuary Affairs operations and activities addressing
CBRN/TIM contaminated or exposed remains of non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous
civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals, displaced persons, detained persons,
etc.). Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate Mortuary Affairs activities and supporting force
elements addressing CBRN/TIM contaminated or exposed remains of non-U.S. personnel
(e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals, displaced persons,
detained persons, etc.). Leadership: Ensure awareness of international and national
implications of transport of contaminated or exposed remains and the public desire for final
interment in homeland. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for operations
associated with Mortuary Affairs involving CBRN/TIM contaminated or exposed remains of
non-U.S. personnel (e.g., indigenous civilians, third-party civilians, third-party nationals,
displaced persons, detained persons, etc.).
2.
Deficiency: Prior decontamination of exposed/contaminated remains is the only identified
means for protecting transportation assets against secondary contamination.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include the application of CBRN/TIM containment
packaging/systems designed for exposed/contaminated remains (as well as other alternative
methods to preclude secondary exposure/contamination of resources) in doctrine, policy, and
procedures. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the application of CBRN/TIM
containment packaging/systems and other alternatives for exposed/contaminated remains.
Leadership: Implement and manage training, equipping, protective measures, and exercising
for the safe application of CBRN/TIM containment packaging/systems and other alternatives
for exposed/contaminated remains.
3.
Deficiency: Air transport is limited to tactical rotary-wing as a last resort. Tactical and
strategic fixed-wing is generally not considered an acceptable means of transport. These are
due to concerns about asset contamination.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include the application of CBRN/TIM containment
packaging/systems designed for exposed/contaminated remains (as well as other alternative
methods to preclude secondary exposure/contamination of resources) in doctrine, policy, and
procedures. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the application of CBRN/TIM
containment packaging/systems and other alternatives for exposed/contaminated remains to
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preclude secondary exposure/contamination of airframes and aircrew. Leadership:
Implement and manage training, equipping, protective measures, and exercising for the safe
application of CBRN/TIM containment packaging/systems and other alternatives for
exposed/contaminated remains to preclude secondary exposure/contamination of airframe
and aircrew.
4.
Deficiency: International standards do not specifically address exposed or contaminated
remains as the result of a CBRN/TIM agent.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of identified international standards and requirements for mortuary activities as
applied to exposed and contaminated remains resulting from a CBRN/TIM agent. Training:
Include identified international standards and requirements for mortuary activities as applied
to exposed/contaminated remains resulting from a CBRN/TIM agent as an essential element
of formal and unit training, as well as exercise and evaluation standards and criteria.
Leadership: Implement and manage training, equipping, protective measures, and exercising
for the safe movement of exposed/contaminated remains resulting from a CBRN/TIM agent.
5.
Deficiency: The extention of national standards and procedures to exposed and contaminated
remains do not currently exist.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Coordinate with appropriate national agencies and
authorities to establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures national standards and
requirements for the movement of exposed/contaminated remains resulting from a CBRN/
TIM agent. Training: Establish and implement training, exercise, and evaluation standards
and criteria for the safe movement of exposed/contaminated remains resulting from a CBRN/
TIM agent. Leadership: Implement and manage training, equipping, protective measures, and
exercising for the safe movement of exposed/contaminated remains resulting from a CBRN/
TIM agent. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for the handling, movement,
storage, and final disposition of exposed/contaminated remains resulting from a CBRN/TIM
agent.
6.
Deficiency: Mortuary Affairs units/activities are not equipped and trained to operate and
apply CBRN/TIM detection and monitoring devices other than standard individual warfighter
detection devices (e.g., M9 paper, etc.)
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing
CBRN/TIM detection and monitoring of human remains. Training: Establish CBRN/TIM
diction/monitoring training, exercise, and evaluation criteria and programs for Mortuary
Affairs and conduct training, exercises, and evaluations. Leadership: Implement and manage
CBRN/TIM detection/monitoring training, equipping, and protection of Mortuary Affairs
personnel.
7.
Deficiency: Protective containment systems are inadequate or nonexistent.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include the application of CBRN/TIM containment
packaging/systems and other alternatives designed for exposed/contaminated remains in
doctrine, policy, and procedures. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the application of
CBRN/TIM containment packaging/systems and other alternatives for exposed/contaminated
remains. Leadership: Implement and manage training, equipping, protective measures, and
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Chapter 12. Operational Shield Tasks
exercising for the safe application of CBRN/TIM containment packaging/systems for
exposed/contaminated remains.
8.
Deficiency: Containment marking standards do not exist.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the
application of identified international and national standards and marking requirements
exposed and contaminated remains resulting from a CBRN/TIM agent. Training: Include
identified international and national standards and marking requirements as applied to
exposed/contaminated remains resulting from a CBRN/TIM agent as an essential element of
formal and unit training, as well as exercise and evaluation standards and criteria.
Leadership: Implement and manage training, equipping, protective measures, and exercising
for the marking of exposed/contaminated remains resulting from a CBRN/TIM agent.
9.
Deficiency: DOTMLPF is inadequate for the containment and transport of contaminated
remains for final interment outside the JOA.
Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing the
safe handling, preparation, transport, protective measures, mortuary activities, storage, and
final disposition of CBRN/TIM exposed/contaminated casualties. Organization:
Organization structures, resources, taskings, and trained staff availability to enable and
support the safe handling, preparation, transport, protective measures, mortuary activities,
storage, and final disposition of CBRN/TIM exposed/contaminated casualties. Training:
Institutional and unit-level training for the safe handling, preparation, transport, protective
measures, mortuary activities, storage, and final disposition of CBRN/TIM exposed/
contaminated casualties. Leadership: Recognize important of the safe handling, preparation,
transport, protective measures, mortuary activities, storage, and final disposition of
CBRN/TIM exposed/contaminated casualties and ensure personnel are properly equipped,
adequately trained, fully comply with requirements, and are prepared and ready to perform
the necessary tasks and activities. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for the
handling, movement, storage, and final disposition of exposed/contaminated remains
resulting from a CBRN/TIM agent.
12.14.3.2
IMA Assessment Summary
N/A
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CHAPTER 13. TACTICAL SHIELD TASKS
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Table of Contents
List of Acronyms
ii
13.0
Tactical Shield
1
13.1
Task TASHLD 1: Ensure proper MOPP level to minimize casualties and
maximize mission performance
9
13.2
Task TASHLD 2: Initiate medical prophylactic measures to counter CBRN/TIM
effects
37
13.3
Task TASHLD 3: Protect casualties unable to wear standard individual protection
equipment
52
13.4
Task TASHLD 4: Protect MWDs against CBRN/TIM contamination/exposure
80
13.5
Task TASHLD 5: Protect evacuees, detainees, civilians, and other identified
groups from CBRN/TIM effects
93
13.6
Task TASHLD 6: Provide safe, collectively protected environment for critical and
essential mission tasks and activities and for rest and relief
109
13.7
Task TASHLD 7: Provide COLPRO for repairing critical assets
132
13.8
Task TASHLD 8: Prelocate consumables to COLPRO and units
149
13.9
Task TASHLD 9: Perform protective measures to prevent or mitigate CBRN/TIM
contamination of equipment and supplies
179
13.10
Task TASHLD 10: Employ expedient and improvised CBRN/TIM protective
resources and measures
189
13.11
Task TASHLD 11: Protect decontaminating personnel from decontaminants,
contamination, and off-gassing
203
13.12
Task TASHLD 12: Implement large-scale medical CBRN operations
213
13.13
Task TASHLD 13: Perform mortuary activities for CBRN/TIM contaminated
remains
251
13.14
Task TASHLD 14: Ensure containment of samples and residues to prevent spread
of contamination
276
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Chapter 13 Tactical Shield Tasks
13.0 Tactical Shield
13.0.1
Introduction
At the Tactical (TA) level of war, battles and engagements are planned and executed to
accomplish military objectives assigned to tactical units or task forces. Activities at this level
focus on the ordered arrangement and maneuver of combat elements in relation to each other and
to the enemy to achieve combat objectives. Fourteen Tactical Shield (SHLD) tasks were
identified in the chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear defense (CBRND) Functional
Area Analysis (FAA).
This chapter, detailing the TASHLD area, restates relevant information from the CBRND FAA
including a description of each of the 14 TASHLD tasks, derivation of the task, an indication of
other linked tasks, and the pertinent conditions. The Functional Needs Analysis (FNA) section
addresses the capability and deficiency analysis and a brief description of potential near-term
changes. Once all the capabilities are considered, the assessment concludes with a separate,
overarching look at the entire capability spectrum to identify remaining gaps and/or synergies.
The Functional Solutions Analysis (FSA) section addresses possible solutions for the
deficiencies identified in the FNA section. These are categorized into materiel or non-materiel.
The non-materiel solutions are addressed first and reflect one or more of the six areas of
DOTLPF: doctrine, organization, training, leadership, personnel, and facilities. If there is no non-
materiel solution to the deficiencies, then materiel solutions are considered. These encompass
broad approaches that are not system-specific. These potential materiel approaches are addressed
and evaluated in the Ideas for Material Approaches (IMA) section. The IMAs provide a possible
near- to far-term resolution to identified deficiencies within the individual capabilities.
The TASHLD tasks are separated into individual protection, including military working animals
(MWAs), specifically military working dogs (MWDs), collective protection (COLPRO), and
medical intervention/prevention. Several animal species are used as MWAs; however, MWDs
are the predominant species and are most likely to be deployed with military personnel.
13.0.2
FNA Summary
Table 13.0-1 summarizes the overall current and projected capability to perform TASHLD tasks
identified in the CBRND FAA. The overall capability to conduct these tasks in the current time
frame is assessed as “yellow,” while the MWD, enemy prisoner of war (EPW), detainee, and
civilian situation is assessed as “red.” There are key deficiencies in our ability to provide
individual protective equipment (IPE) (medical and nonmedical) and collective protection
equipment (CPE) for nonwarfighter requirements and shortage in CPE to meet all requirements.
Additional procurements of CPE, along with using current CPE for other than stated purpose,
and IPE will significant improve the MWD, EPW, detainee, and civilian situation if additional
procurement is possible. Improvements and advancements in technology to reduce the impact of
IPE constraints on mission capabilities and CPE on mission performance. However, although
improvements are identified for specific capabilities supporting the TASHLD tasks and are
reflected in the assessment, the improved capabilities are not sufficient to change the overall
assessed color ratings for Shield for the current, near/mid, and far terms.
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Table 13.0-1. Tactical Shield Summary FNA Findings
CBRN
Capability
Tactical
CBRN Tactical Shield Task Title
Near/Mid
Far
Shield Task
Current
Number
Term
Term
Ensure proper MOPP level to minimize
TASHLD 1
casualties and maximize mission performance.
•
•
•
Initiate medical prophylactic measures to
TASHLD 2
counter CBRN/TIM effects.
•
•
•
TASHLD 3
Protect casualties unable to wear standard IPE.
•
•
•
Protect MWDs against CBRN/TIM
TASHLD 4
contamination/exposure.
•
•
•
Protect evacuees, detainees, civilians and other
TASHLD 5
identified groups from CBRN/TIM effects.
•
•
•
Provide safe collectively protected
TASHLD 6
environment for critical and essential mission
•
•
•
tasks and activities, and rest and relief.
TASHLD 7
Provide COLPRO for repairing critical assets.
•
•
•
TASHLD 8
Prelocate consumables to COLPRO and units.
•
•
•
Perform protective measures to prevent or
TASHLD 9.
mitigate CBRN/TIM contamination of
•
•
•
supplies and equipment.
Employ expedient or improvised CBRN/TIM
TASHLD 10
protective resources and measures.
•
•
•
Protect decontaminating personnel from
TASHLD 11
decontamination, contamination and off-
•
•
•
gassing
Implement large-scale medical CBRN
TASHLD 12
operations.
•
•
•
Perform mortuary activities for CBRN/TIM
TASHLD 13
contaminated remains.
•
•
•
Ensure containment of samples and residues to
TASHLD 14
prevent spread of contamination.
•
•
•
OVERALL
•
•
•
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Metrics are applied to the identified measures within each task and are value scaled. Capabilities
are evaluated against the metric scale and assigned an appropriate value for the appropriate
defined time period. The value “0,” the lowest value of the scale, generally means the measure is
nonexistent or absent and is “red” on the color scale. Inadequate or insufficient, depending upon
the metric, is usually assigned a value ranging 1-3 for the measure and also is “red.” Partially
capable, as defined by the metric, is 4-7 and “yellow” on the scale; while fully capable ranges 8-
10 and “green.” Where separate components make up an area of inquiry (e.g., COLPRO
comprises mobile and fixed-site COLPRO, etc.), the separate component scores are totaled and
divided by the number of components. The averaged score is displayed as appropriate in the
table, but is not color-coded. The score is applied in calculations for the overall valuation rather
than the individual component scores. The values for each capability within the determined time
period (current, near/mid term, and far term) are averaged for the number of measures assessed.
The values are rounded off with half a point or higher rounded to the next higher number, and
less than half a point rounded down. Colors are then applied using “red” for 0-3, “yellow” for 4-
7, and “green” for 8-10. This process is reapplied for each task in the current and far term to
determine the overall task capability in Table 3.0-1. The overall TA-level SHLD capability is
determined by assigning 0 to “red,” 1 to “yellow,” and 2 to “green” codes. The values for each of
the tasks, by time period, are summed and divided by the total number of tasks. The values are
rounded off with half a point or higher rounded to the next higher number, and less than half a
point rounded down.
13.0.3
FSA Summary
The paragraphs below summarize the assessment of all potential doctrine, organization, training,
leadership and education, personnel, and facilities (DOTMLPF) (non-materiel and materiel)
solutions for the capability gaps identified in the FNA section. The materiel approaches address
both current and nondeveloped technologies for possible material solutions.
13.0.3.1
DOTMLPF
DOTMLPF solutions identified in this chapter are focused primarily with individual (medical
and nonmedical) and collective protection, not only for the warfighter, but also for MWDs,
EPW, detainees, and civilians. Some of the deficiencies can be partially solved with non-materiel
solutions, while others require a materiel solution. Non-materiel solutions include the need for
personnel to be trained and recognize the hazard and take appropriate actions. Commanders must
also ensure necessary protective systems/equipment and resources are available and prepared for
rapid operation. In addition, commanders must look at available resources and determine how
they can be best utilized to meet operational requirements. Existing doctrine needs to be
implemented and updated where applicable. Leaders need to train force elements on observation
and reporting indicators to include the training of staff to ensure information is relayed. Doctrine,
policy and, in turn, future leaders need to be trained on assets and capabilities. Changes may
impact on the structure of military units (organizations) and personnel qualifications.
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13.0.3.2
IMA
Materiel solutions include the development of pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis for threat
agents, to include high-threat toxic industrial materials (TIMs). Establish minimum standards for
all immunizations and prophylaxis to include efficacy, number of administrations to acquire
immunity, booster period, and a period of acquired immunity that covers a minimum operational
period from predeployment to redeployment. Nonmedical solutions include additional
procurement of current CPE to meet not only their stated mission but also additional missions.
The potential for the force to be exposed to concentrations of toxic TIM agents, whether
deliberately released by an adversary or release other than attack (ROTA), is a recognized
battlefield hazard that must be addressed to ensure survivability and mission success. CPE also
needs to be modular and employed rapidly. Additional quantities of IPE need to be procured to
address EPW, detainee and civilian requirements.
Table 13.0-2 summarizes possible material approaches that address the remaining materiel
requirements of the DOTMLPF assessment. These approaches are in various stages of
development; therefore, some are more readily applicable than others. There are 38 IMAs in the
TASHLD area. In the area of COLPRO, the focus varies from increasing procurements and using
for other than intended missions, to developing a modular and inflatable system. For individual
protection (medical) the emphasis is on vaccines to address future agents and TIMs, plus ways to
improve patient handling and care. Individual protection (nonmedical) is focused on
development and procurements to address civilians, EPW, detainee, and MWDs. Though a
number of the IMAs focus procurements and modifications to current mission of some systems,
this will have major impact on program objective memorandum (POM) decisions and require
setting priorities as they relate to military personnel, versus MWAs, EPW, detainees, and
civilians, in these programs and others.
The following are the Key Attributes for Shield. Near- to mid-term chemical, biological,
radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) IPE and contaminated IPE removal tactics, techniques, and
procedures (TTPs) will be designed to allow the wearer to safely remove the equipment without
assistance or processing through slow, logistically intense operational and thorough
decontamination procedures. The far-term goal is to develop a combat uniform that possesses
CBRN protective capabilities and IPE tailored towards specific user communities that require
additional protection. Near- to mid-term tactical COLPRO will provide an option for a complete
transportable collective protection capability without the reliance upon other shelters or
equipment to provide power, climate, and filtered air. Far-term COLPRO will become a standard
capability of all tactical shelters and climate control systems.
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Table 13.0-2. Tactical Shield Ideas for Materiel Approaches
Materiel Approach
Description
Assess CBRND
Test and assess all CBRND materiel for protective abilities against
materiel
future threat agents, including TIMs. If existing data are incomplete,
test materiel to characterize efficacy.
Broad-application,
Develop above-the-neck respiratory protection with broad application
above-the-neck
for the general population, including MWAs.
respiratory protection
Casualty protective
Develop a new-generation patient protective wrap (PPW) with an
system with
integrated mask area that is contact-free of the face area and applies
integrated
positive air flow.
pseudomask
Chemical air
Integrated compounds within warfighter’s IPE applying chemical
generation
reaction to generate oxygen without reliance upon external sources.
Chemical treatment
Develop a treatment for existing Mission-Oriented Protective Posture
(MOPP) suit and warfighter clothing textiles that enhance protective
capability.
Combinatorial
Develop prophylaxes affording protection or minimizing the impact
prophylaxes
from a broad range of CBRN/TIM agents.
Contaminated
Develop/adapt clear, head-to-toe view of casualty, medical systems
casualty transport
supporting, airtight and self-flushing system with positive/negative
system
pressure capabilities and access ports for medical treatment.
Contaminated
Investigate and develop CBRN/TIM protective packaging and
material/equipment
containment systems for contamination/exposed material and
protective packaging
equipment which must be stored, handled, and/or transported in a
and containment
contaminated/exposed state.
systems
Contaminated
Investigate and develop sealable containment system for CBRN/TIM
remains containment
remains permitting their safe handling, storage, transport, and
systems
internment by unprotected personnel and equipment.
COTS CBRND IPE
Adapt commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) protective equipment, where
materiel for MWD
necessary and desirable, for CBRND of MWDs.
protection
COTS sample
Adapt/modify (as necessary) COTS sample containers and equipment
containers and
for the containment of CBRN/TIM samples and material for their safe
equipment
handling, storage, and transport.
Current prophylaxes
There currently exists a variety of prophylaxes used for protection
against CBRN. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) testing and
necessary modifications of prophylactics must be made to obtain FDA
approval. Review available medical material and prophylaxes for
application to high-risk TIMs.
Develop and
Develop, preposition, and maintain reserve stocks of generic CBRND
establish generic unit
kits for a standard unit. Components are adjusted as necessary for
CBRND kits
specific operations involving threat.
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Materiel Approach
Description
Develop CBRN/TIM
Investigate and develop CBRN/TIM containment packaging and
samples and material
systems for the safe containment, handling, storage, and transport of
containment
CBRN/TIM samples and material.
packaging/systems
Develop COLPRO
Develop COLPRO kits that contain all necessary supplies to construct
kits
field-expedient COLPRO and are easily stored and maintained in ready
condition, easily and safely erected, operated, maintained, and striked
within a CBRN/TIM environment by IPE-encumbered personnel using
minimal resources and that support COLPRO requirements.
Develop MWD
Develop or adapt joint-level MWD transport and field kenneling
COLPRO
systems for COLPRO function as transporter, field shelter, and
COLPRO.
Develop/adapt MWA
Develop or adapt MWA transport systems to provide COLPRO
transport system with
protection from CBRN/TIM agents.
pressure/filtration
Disposable COLPRO
Develop one-time-use COLPRO that is rapidly erected with little
instruction, training, and effort and affords term protection for critical
activities and functions, maintenance and repair activities, prelocated
consumables, as well as personnel associated with this task.
Disposable IPE
Develop low-cost, disposable IPE providing protection for transport
aircrew members and/or determine available COTS protection to
support air operations in a contaminated environment or while carrying
contaminated cargo.
Equipment and
Investigate and develop standardized CBRN/TIM protective packaging
supplies protective
and containment systems (includes sprays, boxes, envelopes, drapes,
packaging and
etc.) for the protection of equipment and supplies from contact with
containment systems
CBRN/TIM agents
Field-expedient
Develop field-expedient COLPRO kits designed to adapt existing
COLPRO kits
structures, tentage, etc., for the expansion of COLPRO field
capabilities and mission support and the provision of collective
protection to the force, critical functions and activities, maintenance
and repair activities and functions, resources, etc.
Field-expedient
Identify commonly available materials (duct tape, plastic sheeting,
COLPRO materials
wooden crate, plywood, tarps, coverings, wraps, caulk, sealant
gels/sprays, etc.) for application in the construction of expedient
COLPRO needed to construct field-expedient COLPRO when
COLPRO availability is limited or not advantageous.
Filtration system
Improve current mask systems by reducing the inhalation effort
lowering inhalation
required. Options may include air streaming into the mask from a
pressure requirement
contained system that either has a stored supply or generates air flow.
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Materiel Approach
Description
Future prophylaxes
Some preexposure prophylaxes for biological agents require several
administrations, immunity attainment is time-consuming, or the period
of coverage does not address the full operational period. Future
prophylaxes should provide immunity against all known threat CBRN
and high-risk TIM agents, as well as potential future threat agents, and
be FDA-approved. CBRND medical countermeasures are needed
providing a sustained level of protection over an extended period of
time (minimally the operational period), do not require multiple
administrations, are easily disseminated and administered, support a
minimum level of protection, protect against a broad range of agents,
cover the range of preexposure to post-exposure/presymptomatic
application needs, and are applicable to the protected population
(including eligible civilians).
GOTS CBRND IPE
Adapt existing government off-the-shelf (GOTS) CBRND materiel
materiel for MWD
(e.g., PPW, etc.) for application to CBRND of MWDs.
protection
Improved IPE
Develop new generation of IPE garments and accessories (e.g.,
garments and
boots/boot covers, gloves, hoods, etc.) using modern materials
accessories
permitting greater range of motion, longer wear without performance
degradation, increased durability, integrated into warfighter personal
equipment, and protective against all threat CBRN and high-risk TIM
agents.
Integrate CBRN/TIM
Develop materials integrating CBRN/TIM protective capabilities and
protective features
design standard functional garments using these materials for
into functional
protection of the force.
garments
Integrated mobile
Develop warfighting platforms (air, land, and sea) with COLPRO that
COLPRO
is an integral part of the operational system and protects against current
and future/advanced agents.
Modular COLPRO
Develop modular COLPRO that can be erected in various
configurations to protect various groups of people separately by their
designation (EPW, civilian, etc.); accommodates small to large
numbers of people; protects all critical activities and functions,
MWAs, prelocated consumables, and maintenance/repair activities;
and addresses the commander’s intent.
MWA prophylaxes
Develop or adapt CBRND medical countermeasures and veterinary
medicine for preexposure and post-exposure/presymptomatic
protection of MWD from CBRN/TIM. Develop topical that is easy to
apply and provides shielding from CBRN/TIM, preventing agent
absorption through hair or skin.
Prepositioned/reserve
Establish and maintain sufficient stocks of prepositioned and reserve
CBRN medical
CBRND medical resources identified in plans and required to support
resources
multiple operations with threat and ensure availability for expeditious
movement to the and within the area of operations in the event of a
CBRN event.
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Materiel Approach
Description
Procure additional
Procure additional COLPRO of required types and in needed quantities
COLPRO
to meet the increased operational requirements.
Procure/develop
Procure COLPRO kits similar to those used for the Chemical Stockpile
field-expedient
Emergency Preparedness Program for appropriate activities and
COLPRO kits
requirements. This protective measure is currently provided to
populations located in the vicinity of chemical demilitarization sites.
Other materials may be adaptable and procured to establish COLPRO
in existing structures. Develop field-expedient COLPRO kits designed
to adapt existing structures, tentage, etc., for the expansion of
COLPRO field capabilities and mission support and the provision of
collective protection to the force, critical functions and activities,
maintenance and repair activities and functions, resources, etc.
Prophylactic
Prophylaxes address dosage range for eligible civilians (e.g., children,
administration to
elderly, overweight, underweight subjects, etc.). Stabilize prophylactic
diverse groups
effects over a wide range of dosages to address diverse applications of
targeted populations.
Rebreathing
Closed-circuit mechanism to permit an individual’s exhaled air to be
filtered, CO2 removed, and recirculated for breathing, allowing user to
make use of all available oxygen in a closed environment.
Regenerative
CBRN regenerative filters able to flush retained agent, neutralize
filtration
agent, or by other inherent means affords extended period of
protection.
Respiratory
Modify existing technology for application by MWAs to provide some
protection for MWAs
protection from CBRN/TIM.
Topical
Develop topical barrier that is easily applied (i.e., sprayed), acts as a
contact hazard barrier, affords protection from CBRN/TIM, and does
not create a health hazard for the user.
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13.1
Task TASHLD 1: Ensure proper MOPP level to minimize casualties and maximize
mission performance
13.1.1
Functional Area Analysis
13.1.1.1
Definition
To ensure the proper MOPP level (determined by the commander) providing IPE to protect the
individual against chemical, biological, and radiological warfare agents and many TIMs in
various forms (vapor, liquid/solid aerosols, and liquid/solid surface contamination) and reducing
performance degradation. Performance degradation resulting from wearing IPE will be at its
maximum during an actual contamination situation. Upon actual attacks, the individual’s IPE is
brought to full protective posture.
The handler of an MWA, upon donning his or her protective mask, places the animal’s protective
respirator (if one is available) on the MWA. The MWA is evacuated from the contamination
hazard area if possible. If evacuation is not feasible, the MWA is placed within a collective
protection shelter (CPS). The individual protection level is adjusted based upon the environment
and mission. Degradation in the performance of most tasks is inherent because of the physical
properties of the protective gear—the lower the MOPP level, the less the degradation and the
higher the risk from contamination exposure. The commander must consider all friendly and
enemy factors to ensure that he protects the fighting force while continuing the mission with
minimum performance degradation. Degradation will be at its peak during actual enemy
CBRN/TIM attacks/ROTA when IPE is brought to full protective posture. The protection level
will be modified by the commander as soon as possible while balancing risk with mission
performance.
13.1.1.2
Derivation
Joint Enabling Concept for CBRN Operations, An Operational Concept for Biological Defense,
Protection Joint Functional Concept, UJTL (TA 2.4, TA 7, TA 7.1).
13.1.1.2.1
Supported Task: N/A
13.1.1.2.2
Lateral Task: TASHA 24
13.1.1.2.3
Supporting Task: N/A
13.1.1.3
Condition
Perform this task under conditions of:
Physical
1. Undeveloped to highly developed land. (C1.1.1)
2. Riverine to open sea. (C1.2)
3. Natural and induced air. (C1.3)
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4. Immediate to delayed danger, and potential long-term health hazard of atmospheric
weapons effects. (C1.3.3)
Military
1. Partially completed mission preparation. (C2.1.3)
2. Marginal forces. (C2.2)
3. Marginal to adequate forces allocated. (C2.2.3)
4. Good personnel physical conditioning. (C2.2.4.3)
5. Poor mission-essential government-service civilian physical conditioning. (C2.2.4.3 -
NEW)
6. Poor mission-essential contract-service civilian physical conditioning. (C2.2.4.3 - NEW)
7. Negligible personnel experience. ( 2.2.4.5)
8. Limited staff expertise. (C2.3.1.3)
9. Limited deployed supplies. (C2.8.2)
10. Limited prepositioned materiel. (C2.8.4)
11. No host-nation support. (C2.8.5)
Civil
1. TIMs present in the civilian sector. (C3.3.7.5)
13.1.2
Functional Needs Analysis
13.1.2.1
Capability and Deficiency Assessment Summary
Table 13.1-1 discusses current and projected capabilities used to accomplish this task. The
capabilities include all aspects of CBRND equipment and measures, including individual
protection, collective protection, and non-materiel aspects of CBRND. The overall capabilities
for current, near/mid, and far term are rated “yellow.” Although improvements between the
periods occur for specific capabilities and are reflected in the associated identified values, the
improved capabilities are not sufficient to change the overall assessed color ratings for this task.
Current Capability and Deficiency
The Services currently field a variety of CBRND assets providing respiratory/ocular,
percutaneous, and COLPRO protection. This diversity of assets complicates the logistical
support of operations with threat for joint operations. Existing Service-specific IPE is limited in
the period and scope of protection afforded the warfighter. Respiratory/ocular and percutaneous
CBRND assets protect against known chemical and biological warfare agents and particulate
radiologicals. Current IPE provides limited protection against TIMs. Physiological and
psychological encumbrances increase with prolonged wear and workload. Regular exercising
and wear to acclimate and adjust the wearer to enable performance of assigned functions and
activities is necessary and performed to reduce the impact of encumbrances and subsequent
degradation of performance. Current site COLPRO generally requires extensive site preparation
and resources to erect, operate, and strike but cannot be erected/striked in a CBRN/TIM
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environment. Mobile COLPRO is a diversity of systems ranging from forced clean air systems to
full COLPRO. However, their application is limited. In general, current COLPRO is limited in
quantity and does not adequately support expeditionary and highly mobile maneuver operations,
particularly those in an austere environment with reduced logistical footprints. Mission capability
would be greatly improved by integrating COLPRO into specific land, sea and air platforms.
However, most mobile platforms do not have COLPRO, and this reality requires prioritization of
available IPE assets for CBRND applications. COTS protective assets are applied for selected
eligible civilians such as hazardous materials, firefighters, emergency medical services [EMS],
etc. However, eligible civilians (in general) and MWAs are not adequately addressed by
DOTLPF for CBRND. Clear DOTLPF addressing the CBRND provisioning and training of
eligible civilians is inadequate. MWAs are not afforded protection against the effects of
CBRN/TIM agents, including COLPRO. MOPP DOTLPF is adequate for military personnel and
operations. The establishment of adjustable MOPP levels, reflective of local operations and
threat, are well defined, as are continuing evaluation for change/adjustments. However,
operations increasingly involve U.S. and non-U.S. civilians. MOPP DOTLPF does not
adequately address their presence and inclusion into MOPP methodologies and levels,
particularly when these personnel may (or may not) be equipped with nonstandard IPE. Further,
the largely manual current nature of command operations inherently delays protective actions
versus automation, further complicated by the current stovepipe reporting and information flow
as information flows vertically without a corresponding horizontal flow for alerting/warning of
CBRN/TIM agents.
Projected Near/Mid-Term Capability and Deficiency
Future configurations focus on reducing psychological and physiological stresses associated with
the wearing of IPE, as well as striving for commonality of form factor among all services to
reducing the logistics burden, development cost, and improved availability. The Joint Protective
Aircrew Ensemble (JPACE), Joint Service Lightweight Integrated Suit Technology (JSLIST),
Joint Service Aircrew Mask (JSAM), and Joint Service General Purpose Mask (JSGPM) are
projected to be initially fielded during the mid term. The JSLIST is under review for National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) certification for compliance with
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) protective standards. The certification
will permit application of the garment for antiterrorism/force protection (AT/FP) installation
activities within the continental United States (CONUS) and selected facilities outside the
Continental United States (OCONUS). The possibility exists for potential application by
requiring eligible civilians. Legacy Service-specific IPE will remain in the inventory throughout
the mid term and into the far term during the transition to the joint IPE systems. Joint
Expeditionary Collective Protection (JECP) is projected to initially field during the mid term
with three COLPRO systems primarily addressing expeditionary operations. The P3I upgraded
Chemically and Biologically Protected Shelter (CBPS), Joint Transportable Collective Protection
System (JTCOPS), Chemically Protected Deployable Medical System (CP-DEPMEDS), fielding
of the Joint Services Lightweight NBC Reconnaissance System (JSLNBCRS) variants, and
backfit of LHA/LHD vessels are projected to include COLPRO in the mid term. These systems,
depending upon the quantity fielded, may provide additional COLPRO to address critical needs.
Otherwise, changes from current capabilities and deficiencies are not projected.
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Projected Far-Term Capability and Deficiency
Future configurations focus upon reducing psychological and physiological stresses associated
with the wearing of IPE, as well as striving for commonality of form factor among all Services.
The standardization of CBRND respiratory/ocular and percutaneous protection will reduce the
logistics burden and development cost and subsequently improve availability. Legacy Service-
specific IPE will continue to be replaced by the joint systems of CBRND protective equipment
until fielding is complete to all Service units, including Guard and Reserve, early in the far term.
Next-generation IPE assets are in research and development (R&D) and are expected to be
fielded sometime in the far term. However, specifics of design, characteristics, and protective
capabilities are not as yet determined for these systems. The potential for COLPRO in the Future
Tactical Lift Option builds upon the mid-term COLPRO capabilities. Additional changes in
capabilities from the mid term are not projected.
13.1.2.2
Resource Systems
Individual Protection
1.
Respiratory/Ocular Protection:
COTS: Commercially available systems of protection, manufactured and tested meeting
OSHA standards for the United States or equivalent organization in other nations.
M17 Series Masks w/M13 Series Filters: Obsolescent warfighter system of protection.
Retained in selected high-threat areas (HTA) for noncombatant evacuation operations
(NEO) application. Designed for adults.
MBU-19/P Chemical-Biological Aircrew Eye/Respiratory Protection (AERP): U.S. Air
Force (USAF) combat aircrew protection. Includes protective hood, MBU-12/P mask,
C-2 canister, intercom for ground communications, and blower assembly.
A/P22P-14(V) Respirator Assembly: U.S. Navy (USN)/U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) system
for rotary-wing (Version 1 for USN) and fixed-wing (Versions 2-4 for USN/USMC)
aircrews. Includes chemical and biological (CB) filter, dual air/oxygen supply, and
crossover manifold for dual protective capabilities in air or on ground. Version 1 is not
compatible with aircraft oxygen supply systems; Version 2 applied to EA-6B and F18A
airframes; Version 3 to AV-8B and F-18C/D aircraft; and Version 4 is used for C-130
airframes.
M40/M42 CB Protective Mask: U.S. Army mask system designed for military standard
profile and uses standard C-2 canister. M42 integrates with combat vehicle clean air
supply system and has a connectable dynamic microphone for combat vehicle intercom
system.
M45 Aircrew Aviator Mask: Replaces M42 and M49 systems for U.S. Army. Available with
a canister-compatible hose assembly and a valve cassette that enables use of supplied air
(from aircraft, self-contained breathing apparatus [SCBA] or powered air-purifying
respirator [PAPR]). The M45 is used by military personnel who cannot fit the M40A1,
M42A2, or MCU-2/P masks.
M48 CB Apache Aviator Mask: Used by Apache aviator and flight support personnel.
Replaced M43 Type 1 mask system and uses blower assembly with C-2 filter canister.
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MCU-2/P: USAF and USN chemical protective mask for ground operations and aircrew
personnel not performing flight operations. Uses a single C-2 series filter canister.
Joint Service Aviator Mask (JSAM): Initial fielding projected in the mid term replacing
Service-specific aviator respiratory/ocular protective systems. Provides CBRN protection
under high-G conditions, compatible with existing and projected aviator CBRN IPE,
flame and thermal protective, reduces stress associated with existing aviator IPE, and
may be donned/doffed during flight.
Joint Service General Purpose Mask (JSGPM): Initial fielding projected in the mid term
replacing Service-specific standard respiratory/ocular protective systems. Provides
respiratory/ocular protection from CBRN agents and selected TIMs. Reduces wear
encumbrances associated with existing systems. The JSGPM will be OSHA-approved for
use by U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) civilians and military personnel in nonmilitary
unique operations.
Joint Service Chemical Environment Survival Mask (JCESM): COTS one-time use, one-
size-fits-all, respiratory/ocular protective system affording two hours of protection in
low-level CBRN vapor, aerosol, and particulate environments. Selected force element
application only.
2.
Percutaneous Protection:
COTS: Commercially available systems of protection, manufactured and tested meeting
OSHA standards for the United States or equivalent organization in other nations.
Battle Dress Overgarment (BDO): U.S. Army/USAF two-piece camouflage-patterned
garment (top and trousers) providing 24-hour protection against CBRN agents in vapor,
liquid, droplet, and particulate forms.
Saratoga: USMC two-piece camouflage-patterned garment (top and trousers) providing 24-
hour protection against CBRN agents in vapor, liquid, droplet, and particulate forms.
Launderable for hygiene.
Chemical Protective Over-Garment (CPOG): Legacy two-piece green garment currently in
use with USN providing limited-term protection against CBRN agents in vapor, liquid,
droplet, and particulate forms.
Chemical Protective Undergarment (CPU): Worn under standard IPE as additional layer of
protection against contact with CBRN agents.
CWU-66/P: One-piece USAF green flightsuit providing 24-hour protection against CBRN
agents in vapor, liquid, droplet, and particulate forms. Available in tan as CWU-77/P
flightsuit.
Disposal Aircrew Protective Cape: Transparent disposable cape covering head and shoulders
of aviator during periods between aircraft mounting/dismounting and shelter.
BVO/GVO: Vinyl overboots (VO) worn over wearer’s standard footwear and protects
against contact with CBRN agents. Available in black (BVO) and green (GVO).
Chemical Protective Footwear Cover (CPFC): Legacy system of CBRN protective footwear
cover in use by USN. Requires wearer to pull protective sole tabs up and wrap/tie laces
around cover to secure over footwear.
Disposable Aircrew Footwear Cover: Transparent disposable footwear covers worn over
aviator footwear to protect aviator during periods between aircraft mounting/dismounting
and shelter.
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Chemical Protective Glove (CPG): Standard CBRN protective glove. Available in 7-, 14-,
and 25-mil thicknesses addressing functional requirements for durability, dexterity, and
tactile sensitivity.
Disposable Aircrew Hand Protection: Transparent disposable hand coverings applied by
USAF, USN, and USMC over aviator gloves during periods between aircraft
mounting/dismounting and shelter. Also applied as between aviator inner and outer
gloves enabling essential functional requirements for dexterity and tactile sensitivity.
Chemical Protective Helmet System (CPHS): CBRN protective camouflage-patterned
helmet cover to protect helmet from contact with CBRN contaminants.
SCALP: Disposable, lightweight, impermeable overgarment designed for wear over IPE for
additional protection in grossly contaminated environments. Applied by personnel
required to leave protective sheltering in these environments to perform mission-critical
tasks. Also applied by decontamination units/teams and medical personnel performing
decontamination or potentially at risk for prolonged contact with liquids.
Wet-Weather Gear: Includes Severe-Weather Gear (USN). Provides barrier against contact
with liquids potentially damaging to protective abilities of IPE.
M-2 Apron: Butyl rubber-coated sleeved apron worn over IPE and applied by
decontamination units/teams and other designated personnel performing decontamination
or potentially at risk for contact with liquids. Provides barrier against contact with liquids
potentially damaging to protective abilities of IPE. Decontaminable.
Medical Barrier Assets: Standard barrier assets applied by Medical Services personnel
against contact with biohazards. May provide a degree of additional barrier protection
against CBRN hazards when applied with IPE.
Joint Service Lightweight Integrated Suit Technology (JSLIST): Two-piece (jacket and
trousers) CBRN risk-taking protective garment with integrated hood. Affords protection
against selected TIM agents. Reduces physiological and psychological encumbrances
associated with existing Service-specific systems it replaces with initial fielding in the
mid term. Under review for NIOSH certification for OSHA protection standards.
Joint Protective Aircrew Ensemble (JPACE): CBRN protective aviator flightsuit projected
for initial fielding in the mid term and replacing Service-specific CBRN protective
flightsuits. Provides JSLIST equivalent protection and provides protection when subject
to rotor, propeller, and jetwash. Flame-retardant and self-extinguishing properties.
Supports escape and evasion requirements.
Joint Block I/II Glove Upgrade (JB1/2GU): Available in two configurations, one flame
resistant for use by aviators and combat vehicle crewmen, and one not flame resistant for
ground applications. The JB1GU is currently fielded and the JB2GU is to be fielded in
FY2006.
Joint Firefighter Integrated Response Ensemble (JFIRE): Incorporates JSLIST into
firefighter bunker gear, permitting firefighters to conduct firefighting operations within a
CBRN/TIM environment.
Multi-purpose Overboot (MULO): Projected initial fielding in mid term and replacing
legacy CBRN footwear covers.
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Collective Protection
1.
Mobile COLPRO
CBPS: M1113 HMMWV-mounted COLPRO system consisting of a hardshell filtration,
power, and transport and expandable softshell tentage with contamination control
area/entry. The COLPRO unit is designated the Lightweight Multipurpose Shelter
(LMS).
Crewed Combat Vehicles (Ground): Two types of COLPRO. The first supplies filter air
using forced clean air supply system. Requires wear of IPE and connection to crew mask.
This is the type of system in the M1A1 Abrams MBT. Second system is incorporates full
COLPRO and permits reduction of IPE during operation. JSLNBCRS is an example of
the second type of system.
Airframe Air Supply System: Provides clean air from compressed air storage system either
until aircraft is outside of contamination and airframe interior is flushed of vapor
contaminants or throughout flight operations.
CITADEL: System of protection installed with USN vessels to afford protection to selected
connected spaces including Command, Control, Communications, Computers,
Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (C4ISR), medical, and rest and
recuperation (R2).
2.
Fixed-Site COLPRO
MGPTS: USMC Medium General Purpose Tent System (MGPTS) with CB Protective Liner
System designed for support of USMC operational C4ISR and R2.
CP-DEPMEDS: Component-based system of tentage, connective corridors, ISO containers,
etc., with COLPRO liners for configuration into field hospitals and includes supporting
power and utility systems, lighting, engine control units, and filtration systems. Large
system requiring extensive use of resources to prepare location, erect/strike, operate, and
maintain.
JTCOPS: Similar to CP-DEPMEDS, but for critical functions and activities of the force
(e.g., staff operations, aircrew housing and briefing, etc.).
CP-EMEDS: USAF air-transportable system similar to CP-DEPMEDS on a smaller scale
and configurable from one medical shelter to a 25-bed field hospital.
CP-SSS: USAF small-scale COLPRO transportable system designed to support C2
functions.
JECP: Projected program of COLPRO designed for application in highly mobile operations,
expeditionary operations, forced-entry operations, and/or to supplement larger-scale
COLPRO systems in support of operations. Consists of building/room and tentage insert
kits and small-unit stand-alone COLPRO kits.
M20/M20A1 SCPE: Lightweight and modular COLPRO system consisting of an inflatable
liner for insert into rooms or buildings.
Building integrated COLPRO systems: COLPRO systems designed and installed into
buildings as integral systems, usually facility construction. Post-construction installation
is based upon building design and COLPRO requirements. Varies between buildings
based upon applied technology, date of construction/installation, system engineering,
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facility function, etc. Most existing facility COLPRO was established during Cold War
period.
MOPP Methodology: Stepped level of CBRND protective measures. Standardized levels permit
the rapid increase or decrease of unit MOPP level.
Unit Staff: The application of DOTLPF for all phases of operations with threat from preplanning
to post-force return to home stations. Includes all aspects of C2 and supporting staff
activities/functions (e.g., logistics, intelligence, etc.) enabling mission and task accomplishment.
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