CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, AND NUCLEAR DEFENSE (CBRND) FUNCTIONAL NEEDS ANALYSIS. FINAL REPORT (2005)

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CBRND Functional Needs Analysis/Functional Solution Analysis

Chapter 11. Strategic Theater Shield Tasks

11.9 Task STSHLD 9: Provide COLPRO for critical activities/functions, rest, and relief

11.9.1

Functional Area Analysis

11.9.1.1

Definition

To provide COLPRO by CPSs, which provide protection against CBRN/TIM hazards in

particulate, liquid, or vapor forms. JP 1-02 defines COLPRO as “protection provided to a group

of individuals in a nuclear, biological, and chemical environment which permits relaxation of

individual nuclear, biological, and chemical protection.” COLPRO provides a contamination-free

environment where critical activities (e.g., command and control, communication, and medical

activities and maintenance of low-density assets) can be performed and provides mission-

oriented protective posture relief for individuals, units, and MWAs.

A collective protection system (CPS) is a complete and integrated system of protection. The

components are designed to function in concert to successfully protect the occupants. COLPRO

may be incorporated in or an additive component to a fixed facility, transportable shelter, mobile

mounted shelter, vehicle, aircraft, ship, or an expedient shelter. Prior to an actual attack, a CPS

may be activated and the following tasks performed:

• CPS are assessed and prepared for use. The commander may place a CPS into operation or

on standby for an anticipated attack.

• Facilities, vehicles, vessels, and aircraft are prepared wherever possible against infiltration of

a CBRN/TIM agent.

• Expedient shelters are established in facilities, vehicles, vessels, aircraft, etc., for protection

of resources. Expedient shelters also may be constructed using available materials.

11.9.1.2

Derivation

Joint Enabling Concept for CBRN/TIM Operations, An Operational Concept for Biological

Defense, Protection Joint Functional Concept, UJTL (ST 5, ST 5.1, ST 5.1.2, ST 6, ST 6.2.1, ST

9.3, ST 9.4).

11.9.1.2.1

Supported Task: N/A

11.9.1.2.2

Lateral Tasks: STSHA 3, STSHA 4

11.9.1.2.3

Supporting Task: OPSHLD 7

11.9.1.3

Condition

Perform this task under conditions of:

Physical

1. Undeveloped to highly developed land. (C1.1)

2. Riverine to open sea. (C1.2)

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3. Natural and induced air. (C1.3)

4. Immediate to delayed danger, and potential long-term health hazard of atmospheric

weapons effects. (C1.3.3)

Military

1. Partially completed mission preparation. (C2.1.3)

2. Marginal to strong forces assigned. (C2.2.1)

3. Partial interoperability. (C2.2.6)

4. Moderate staff expertise. (C2.3.1.3)

Civil. N/A

11.9.2

Functional Needs Analysis

11.9.2.1

Capability and Deficiency Assessment Summary

Table 11.9-1 discusses the only capability that exists to perform the task to the designated

standard. Doctrine, policy, and procedures exist to provide CBRND COLPRO for critical

activities, functions, and to enable rest and relief of the force. Deficiencies include limitations in

types, quantities, and application of existing COLPRO.

Current Capability and Deficiency

Radiological (fallout) COLPRO does exist in CONUS and OCONUS. The combination of

individual protection, contamination avoidance, and available COLPRO provides critical

activities and functions with a level of capability. Allocation of limited COLPRO resources is

made based upon the threat, mission, criticality of performed activity, and availability of

COLPRO for the function. Planning and prioritization of COLPRO resources is performed

during operational planning. Fixed-site operations within a mature theater may possess sufficient

COLPRO to provide access to personnel within a 24-hour period. The current concept for

CBRN/TIM environment operations is contamination avoidance or withdrawal. Mobile

COLPRO does exist in selected tactical combat mobile assets (air, ground, and sea) and support

vehicles. Mature theater-transportable CPSs are available in limited quantities and inclusion of

Service-specific systems provides additional COLPRO capabilities to the force. Fixed-site

critical facilities within HTA are prioritized and equipped for COLPRO based upon mission,

criticality, assessments, and available funding. Transportable CPSs as an expansion of existing

fixed-site capabilities are planned as appropriate and necessary. Deficiencies include inadequate

quantities and types of COLPRO; lack of COLPRO in tactical/strategic airframes (particularly

airlift) and supporting vessels (e.g., hospital ships, cargo vessels, etc.); critical facility COLPRO;

COLPRO systems (designs, quantities, and types) supporting highly mobile and expeditionary

forces; and the lack of doctrine, policy, and procedures for the implementation and application of

expedient COLPRO. The overall current assessment is “red.”

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Chapter 11. Strategic Theater Shield Tasks

Table 11.9-1. STSHLD 9: Capability and Deficiency Assessment

Capability: COCOM HQ

M10

Current Overall Capability¹

R²

Y³

R⁴

R⁵

R⁶

G⁷

R⁸

R⁹

Y¹⁰

R¹¹

Near/Mid-Term Overall Capability

Far-Term Overall Capability

FAA Measure

Scale

All critical activities and

G: All critical facilities and activities are equipped with operational COLPRO.

functions are collectively

Y: All identified critical facilities and activities possess or are programmed to be equipped with COLPRO.

protected.

R: COLPRO is inadequate or nonexistent to support operations.

Operational activities and

G: All operational activities and functions are protected and are not degraded and/or unavailable as a result of

functions are not degraded/

CBRN/TIM attacks.

unavailable due to CBRN/TIM

Y: All operational activities and functions are afforded protection and are not seriously degraded and/or unavailable

attacks.

as a result of CBRN/TIM attacks.

R: Protection of operational activities and/or functions is inadequate or nonexistent and may result in serious

degradation or nonavailability resulting from CBRN/TIM attacks.

Sustained operational capability

G: Sufficient and adequate COLPRO is available and operational to sustain operational capabilities in a

is achievable with COLPRO.

CBRN/TIM environment.

Y: Sustainable operational capabilities for selected functions and activities are achievable with available and

operational COLPRO.

R: Sustainable operational capabilities are not sustainable with available and operational COLPRO.

Forces are trained to apply and

G: Forces are trained and routinely exercised and evaluated on the effective application of expedient COLPRO

use expedient COLPRO.

measures and equipment.

Y: Forces are trained and exercised and evaluated on the application of expedient COLPRO measures and

equipment upon predeployment notification for operations with threat.

R: Training, exercising, and evaluation of forces on the application of expedient COLPRO measures and equipment

is inadequate or nonexistent.

Required expedient collective

G: The full range of expedient COLPRO kits and materials are readily available for application by forces in the

protective kits and materials

field.

(e.g., adaptation kits, plywood,

Y: Expedient COLPRO kits and materials are generally available for force application in selected field

sprays, gel packs, tape, etc.) are

environments.

readily available.

R: Expedient COLPRO kits are inadequate, unavailable, or nonexistent.

Adequate CPSs are available

G: COLPRO is available in required quantities and types to support the full range of envisioned and planned

for in-place forces.

operations.

Y: COLPRO is available in sufficient types and quantities to support major operations.

R: COLPRO is inadequate or nonexistent to support operations.

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Adequate CPSs are available

G: COLPRO is available in required quantities and types to support the full range of envisioned and planned

for deploying forces.

operations.

Y: COLPRO is available in sufficient types and quantities to support major operations.

R: COLPRO is inadequate or nonexistent to support operations.

Required mobile CPSs are

G: Operational mobile CPSs are available in required quantities and types to support the full range of envisioned

available.

and planned operations.

Y: Operational mobile CPSs are available in sufficient types and quantities to support major operations.

R: Operational mobile CPSs are inadequate or nonexistent to support operations.

Required transportable CPSs

G: Operational transportable CPSs are available in required quantities and types to support the full range of

are available.

envisioned and planned operations.

Y: Operational transportable CPSs are available in sufficient types and quantities to support major operations.

R: Operational transportable CPSs are inadequate or nonexistent to support operations.

M10

Required CPSs for fixed

G: All fixed facilities and activities are equipped with operational COLPRO.

facilities are installed and

Y: All critical fixed facilities and activities are equipped with operational COLPRO.

available.

R: COLPRO within fixed facilities and activities is inadequate or nonexistent to support operations.

¹ DOTMLPF is inadequate to support sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment, particularly expeditionary operations, during the first 30-60 days. Current

DOTMLPF does not adequately address the establishment and operation of expedient COLPRO activities and measures.

² Not all critical facilities and activities are equipped with COLPRO. COLPRO within CONUS and some OCONUS locations does exist for radiological (fallout). However,

COLPRO for other than radiological is almost nonexistent, including critical facilities, outside HTA OCONUS, particularly CONUS sites. Expeditionary operations are a

particular concern. Existing COLPRO systems are not generally designed for a highly mobile force, with a reduced logistical footprint, and the initial period of operations until the

theater matures (usually the first 30-90 days). The combination of individual protection, contamination avoidance, and available COLPRO provides critical activities and functions

with a level of capability. However, the encumbrances and limitations associated with these measures are considerations in the planning and conduct of operations to ensure

mission success.

³ The limited availability of COLPRO systems requires careful planning and prioritization of resources. The COCOM staff and the components establish and allocate COLPRO

resources based upon the threat, risk, and vulnerability assessments. Operational activities and functions are prioritized based upon mission, criticality, assessments, and available

resources. The combination of individual protection, contamination avoidance, and available COLPRO provides operational activities and functions with a level of capability.

However, the encumbrances and limitations associated with these measures are considerations in the planning and conduct of operations to ensure mission success.

⁴ Current doctrine, policies, plans, and TTPs do not adequately address sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. The establishment and operation of existing

COLPRO for sustained CBRN/TIM environment operations will require DOTMLPF and significant logistical support. Expeditionary operations are a particular concern. Existing

COLPRO systems are not generally designed for a highly mobile force, with a reduced logistical footprint, and the initial period of operations until the theater matures (usually the

first 30-90 days). The combination of individual protection, contamination avoidance, and available COLPRO provides a level of capability. However, the encumbrances and

limitations associated with these measures are considerations in the planning and conduct of operations to ensure mission success.

⁵ Expedient COLPRO kits, procedures, and training do not currently exist.

⁶ Expedient COLPRO kits, procedures, and training do not currently exist. Identification, development and/or acquisition of assets for Joint Expeditionary Collective Protection

(JECP) include ECP assets for adaptation of tentage and structures to support expeditionary operations. The JECP effort is currently proceeding through the JCIDS process.

⁷ The limited availability of COLPRO systems requires careful planning and prioritization of resources. The COCOM staff and the components establish and allocate COLPRO

resources based upon the threat, risk, and vulnerability assessments. Operational activities and functions are prioritized based upon mission, criticality, assessments, and available

resources. The combination of individual protection, contamination avoidance, and available COLPRO provides operational activities and functions with a level of capability.

However, the encumbrances and limitations associated with these measures are considerations in the planning and conduct of operations to ensure mission success.

⁸ Maneuvering forces are inadequately equipped with COLPRO capabilities. Insufficient COLPRO is available to support rest and resupply activities for all personnel within a 24-

hour period necessary to support sustained operations within a contaminated environment. This statement is particularly true of forward-operating light forces. COLPRO within

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Chapter 11. Strategic Theater Shield Tasks

CONUS and some OCONUS locations does exist for radiological (fallout). However, COLPRO for other than radiological is almost nonexistent, including critical facilities,

outside HTA OCONUS, particularly CONUS sites. Fixed-site operations within a mature theater may possess sufficient COLPRO to provide access to personnel within a 24-hour

period. Current doctrine, policies, plans, and TTPs do not adequately address sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Current concept is contamination avoidance

or withdrawal.

⁹ Quantities and availability of mobile COLPRO is inadequate. Mobile COLPRO exists in selected tactical combat and support vehicles. The quantities and types of these vehicles

are limited and dedicated to specific missions. Current mobile COLPRO is inadequate to support operations by highly mobile forces. Airframe COLPRO is limited to tactical

combat airframes. Airlift (both tactical and strategic) are not equipped with COLPRO. Sea-based COLPRO (the CITADEL System) is available in specific classes of naval warfare

vessels (e.g., amphibious assault ship [LHA], destroyer, etc.). Most naval vessels (including supply and transport vessels, carriers, and others) do not possess COLPRO.

¹⁰ Mature theater CPSs are available in limited quantities. These include JTCOPS, CP-DEPMEDS, TEMPER systems, and Service-designed systems. Integration of Service-

specific systems into joint plans provides additional COLPRO capabilities. These, however, are identified in the Service component plans. They are not generally integrated in

COCOM joint plans. Current CPSs are inadequate to support expeditionary operations, particularly in austere environments by highly mobile forces and possessing reduced

logistical footprint.

¹¹ COLPRO within CONUS and some OCONUS locations does exist for radiological (fallout). However, COLPRO for other than radiological is almost nonexistent, including

critical facilities, outside HTA OCONUS, particularly CONUS sites. COLPRO within HTA is installed and available for selected critical facilities and operations. The COCOM

staff and the components establish and allocate funding and resources based upon the threat, risk, and vulnerability assessments. Fixed facilities (e.g., permanent structures, etc.)

within the HTA are prioritized for COLPRO based upon mission, criticality, assessments, and available funding. Expansion of COLPRO capabilities is planned, as appropriate and

necessary, using transportable COLPRO systems.

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Chapter 11. Strategic Theater Shield Tasks

11.9.3

Functional Solution Analysis

11.9.3.1

DOTLPF Assessment Summary

This section addresses the deficiencies and suggests potential non-materiel solutions. If there are

no non-materiel solutions, or they are only partial solutions, the remaining non-materiel need is

then stated. Materiel needs are assessed in the IMA section.

Deficiency: Not all critical facilities and activities are equipped with COLPRO.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Enforce existing doctrine and policy.

Deficiency: COLPRO for other than radiological is almost nonexistent, including critical

facilities, outside HTA OCONUS, particularly CONUS sites.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Enforce existing doctrine and policy.

Deficiency: Expeditionary operations are a particular concern. Existing COLPRO systems

are not generally designed for a highly mobile force, with a reduced logistical footprint, and

the initial period of operations until the theater matures (usually the first 30-90 days).

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Complete the JCIDS process and central correlation/

comparison of national and strategic plans to identify CBRND resources necessary and

available to support expeditionary operations during the first 30-90 days following

commencement of hostilities and with a reduced logistical footprint. Organization: Develop

organizational structures, resources, staffing, and capabilities to conduct expeditionary

operations while possessing reduced logistical footprint and during the first 30-90 days of

operations following commencement of hostilities. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate

expeditionary capabilities of the force in a CBRN/TIM threat with reduced logistical

footprint during the initial 30-90 days of operations using CBRND resources supporting

expeditionary operations. Leadership: Recognize differences and challenges associated with

expeditionary operations during the first 30-90 days following commencement of hostilities

and with a reduced logistical footprint; training providing skills and knowledge to manage

operations in these circumstances; and ability and willingness to implement necessary

changes and activities to prepare for and conduct expeditionary operations with a

CBRN/TIM threat. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for expeditionary operations

during the first 30-90 days following commencement of hostilities and with a reduced

logistical footprint.

Deficiency: Expedient COLPRO (ECP) kits, procedures, and training do not currently exist.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, procedures, and TTPs the

use and application of ECP for CBRND. Organization: Organizational structures supporting

the application of ECP for CBRND. Training: Institutional and unit level training on the

application of ECP to support operations and provide for CBRND of the force. Leadership:

Awareness and knowledge of versatility and application of ECP for operations within a

CBRN/TIM environment. Facilities: Infrastructure to support ECP (e.g., logistics, training,

etc.).

Deficiency: Maneuvering forces are inadequately equipped with COLPRO capabilities.

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Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Complete the JCIDS process and central correlation/

comparison of national and strategic plans to identify CBRND resources necessary and

available to support maneuver operations, particularly expeditionary operations during the

first 30-90 days following commencement of hostilities, with a reduced logistical footprint.

Organization: Develop organizational structures, resources, staffing, and capabilities to

conduct maneuver operations, particularly expeditionary operations during the first 30-90

days of operations following commencement of hostilities, while possessing reduced

logistical footprint. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate maneuver capabilities

(particularly expeditionary capabilities) of the force in a CBRN/TIM threat with reduced

logistical footprint during the initial 30-90 days of operations using organic, prepositioned,

and planned CBRND resources supporting operations. Leadership: Recognize differences

and challenges associated with maneuver operations, particularly expeditionary operations

during the first 30-90 days following commencement of hostilities, with a reduced logistical

footprint; training providing skills and knowledge to manage operations in these

circumstances; and ability and willingness to implement necessary changes and activities to

prepare for and conduct expeditionary operations with a CBRN/TIM threat. Facilities:

Develop supporting infrastructure for expeditionary operations during the first 30-90 days

following commencement of hostilities and with a reduced logistical footprint.

Deficiency: Insufficient COLPRO is available to support rest and resupply activities for all

personnel within a 24-hour period necessary to support sustained operations within a

contaminated environment. This statement is particularly true of forward-operating light

forces.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Enforce existing doctrine and policies.

Deficiency: Current doctrine, policies, plans, and TTPs do not adequately address sustained

operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, and procedures sustained

operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Organization: Ensure resources, taskings, and

staff are in place or available to perform sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM

environment. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for sustained operations within

a CBRN/TIM environment. Leadership: Recognize criticality of readiness of the force for

potential sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment, training providing the skills

to manage the force in these circumstances, and willingness and ability to implement

necessary changes and activities to prepare and appropriately apply the force.

Deficiency: Current mobile COLPRO is inadequate in quantities, types , and availability to

support operations by highly mobile forces.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Completion of analysis and central correlation/

comparison of national and strategic plans to identify quantities and types of mobile

COLPRO (and supporting consumables) necessary and available to support highly mobile

forces for envisioned plans and taskings. Organization: Develop organizational structures,

resources, staffing, and capabilities to conduct CBRND, including mobile COLPRO, of

highly mobile forces. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate CBRND, including mobile

COLPRO, capabilities of the force in a CBRN/TIM threat during highly mobile force

operations. Leadership: Recognize differences and challenges associated with CBRND

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operations by highly mobile forces; training providing skills and knowledge to manage

operations in these circumstances; and ability and willingness to implement necessary

changes and activities to prepare for and conduct expeditionary operations with a

CBRN/TIM threat. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for CBRND of highly

mobile forces.

9. Deficiency: Airlift (both tactical and strategic) are not equipped with COLPRO.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Incorporate into doctrine, policy, and procedures the

provision of COLPRO to aircrew and passengers in appropriate airframes (military and

civilian). Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate aircrews and supporting entities for airframe

COLPRO operations for CBRND. Leadership: Recognize criticality of protecting aircrew

and passengers of appropriate tactical and strategic airframes from the effects of CBRN/TIM

agents. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure (e.g., logistics, aircraft maintenance,

etc.) for airframe COLPRO.

10. Deficiency: Most naval vessels (including supply and transport vessels, carriers, and others)

do not possess COLPRO.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Incorporate into doctrine, policy, and procedures the

provision of COLPRO for at-risk vessels (civilian contract and military). Organization:

Develop organizational structures, resources, staffing, and capabilities to support COLPRO

operations on vessels supporting operations and at risk. Training: Train, exercise, and

evaluate crews for vessel COLPRO operations for CBRND. Leadership: Recognize

differences and challenges associated with CBRND operations by at-risk vessels (both

military and contract civilian) supporting operations. Facilities: Develop supporting

infrastructure (e.g., logistics, maintenance, power systems, etc.) for vessel COLPRO.

11. Deficiency: Service-specific COLPRO capabilities are not generally integrated in COCOM

joint plans.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Emphasize in doctrine, policy, and procedures the

central correlation of national and Strategic Theater plans and taskings to identify

CBRN/TIM support requirements for two or more concurrent operations with threat with

comparison to existing and programmed quantities and types of CBRND systems and

resources, joint and Service-specific, including replenishment. Leadership: Implement

development of plans and taskings consistent joint and Service-specific CBRND support

capabilities.

12. Deficiency: Current CPSs are inadequate to support expeditionary operations, particularly in

austere environments by highly mobile forces and possessing reduced logistical footprint.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Incorporate into doctrine, policy, and procedures

standards for expeditionary forces possessing reduced logistical footprint during the first 30-

90 days of operations following commencement of hostilities. Organization: Develop

organizational structures, resources, staffing, and capabilities to conduct expeditionary

operations while possessing reduced logistical footprint and during the first 30-90 days of

operations following commencement of hostilities. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate

expeditionary capabilities of the force in a CBRN/TIM threat with reduced logistical

footprint during the initial 30-90 days of operation using CBRND resources supporting

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expeditionary operations. Leadership: Recognize differences and challenges associated with

expeditionary operations during the first 30-90 days following commencement of hostilities

and with a reduced logistical footprint, training providing skills and knowledge to manage

operations in these circumstances, and ability and willingness to implement necessary

changes and activities to prepare for and conduct expeditionary operations with a

CBRN/TIM threat. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for expeditionary operations

during the first 30-90 days following commencement of hostilities and with a reduced

logistical footprint.

13. Deficiency: Current DOTMLPF does not adequately address the establishment and operation

of expedient COLPRO activities and measures.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, procedures, and TTPs the

use and application of ECP for CBRND. Organization: Organizational structures supporting

the application of ECP for CBRND. Training: Institutional and unit level training on the

application of ECP to support operations and provide for CBRND of the force. Leadership:

Awareness and knowledge of versatility and application of ECP for operations within a

CBRN/TIM environment. Facilities: Infrastructure to support ECP (e.g., logistics, training,

etc.).

11.9.3.2

IMA Assessment Summary

N/A

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Chapter 11. Strategic Theater Shield Tasks

11.10 Task STSHLD 10: Employ protective measures to minimize the effects of adversary

use of CBRN weapons and TIM exposure

11.10.1

Functional Area Analysis

11.10.1.1

Definition

To protect resources (with an emphasis on people) from the effects of CBRN/TIM weapons/

exposure and permit friendly forces to continue operations with minimum performance

degradation. Staffs normally direct general protective actions, which delineate broad policy and

guidance. Commanders must balance protection against the need to perform the mission and

maintain personnel in a fit-to-fight status. The results of not performing protective tasks

adequately are degradation of mission or task performance as well as casualties/fatalities from

CBRN/TIM exposure or contamination.

11.10.1.2

Derivation

Joint Enabling Concept for CBRN/TIM Operations, An Operational Concept for Biological

Defense, Protection Joint Functional Concept, UJTL (ST 2.4.1, ST 2.4.1.1, ST 2.4.1.2, St 5.3.1.1,

ST 5.3.1.2, ST 5.3.1.3, ST 5.3.1.4, ST 5.4.1, ST 6, ST 6.1.6, ST 6.2, ST 6.2.1, ST 6.2.2, ST 9, ST

9.3, ST 9.4, ST 9.5).

11.10.1.2.1

Supported Task: N/A

11.10.1.2.2

Lateral Task: N/A

11.10.1.2.3

Supporting Task: OPSHLD 12

11.10.1.3

Condition

Perform this task under conditions of:

Physical

1. Immediate to delayed danger, and potential long-term health hazard of atmospheric

weapons effects. (C1.3.3)

Military

1. Partially completed mission preparation. (C2.1.3)

2. Marginal to strong forces assigned. (C2.2.1)

3. Adequate forces allocated. (C2.2.3)

4. Negligible personnel experience. (C2.2.4.5)

5. Partial interoperability. (C2.2.6)

6. Partial joint staff integration. (C2.3.1.1)

7. Moderate staff expertise. (C2.3.1.3)

8. Limited deployed supplies. (C2.8.2)

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9. Limited prepositioned materiel. (C2.8.4)

10. Limited host-nation support. (C2.8.5)

Civil. N/A

11.10.2

Functional Needs Analysis

11.10.2.1

Capability and Deficiency Assessment Summary

Table 11.10-1 discusses the only capability that exists to perform the task to the designated

standard. Doctrine, policy, and procedures exist for the implementation, adjustment, and

direction of planned CBRND measures for the protection of deploying military forces against the

effects of adversary employment of CBRN/TIM. Deficiencies include the lack of medical

prophylaxis against all threat CBRN/TIM agents, eligible civilian and MWA readiness for

CBRND, and sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.

Current Capability and Deficiency

Predeployment planning and preparation includes the vaccination of the force to an adequate

level of acquired immunity against threat CBRN/TIM agents. Other prophylaxis (e.g.,

presymptomatic medications, protective creams, etc.) are applied alone or in concert upon

direction as appropriate and based upon established plans and guidance. JMETLs are developed

based upon the UJTL and identify essential tasks for mission accomplishment. Plan-identified

forces are trained and assessed against the JMETLs for readiness to perform the tasks. The

combination of established force organic assets, materiel acquisitions, prepositioned materiel,

available host-nation/coalition contributions, and movement of identified CBRND resources

from stockpiles and relocation activities are performed as outlined in the plan and adjusted as

necessary. Planning and plan execution seeks to balance mission requirements with CBRND

protection of the force. DOTLPF is adequate for planning, training, equipping, and deploying

military forces. Deficiencies the lack of medical prophylaxis against all threat CBRN/TIM agents

and the efficacy of existing prophylaxis (particularly vaccines) widely varies. Current

prophylaxis and supporting CBRND doctrine, policy, and procedures fail to adequately address

the application of prophylactic protection by eligible civilians and MWDs. Further, eligible

civilians and MWDs are not adequately equipped, trained, and prepared to survive a CBRN/TIM

environment. Current doctrine, policy, UJTL, procedures, and TTPs fail to address sustained

operations within a CBRN/TIM environment and exercises/evaluations fail to emphasize and

assess task performance (including JMETLs) in these conditions. The overall current capability

is assessed as “yellow.”

Projected Near/Mid-Term Capability and Deficiency

No change is projected for this task.

Projected Far-Term Capability and Deficiency

No change is projected for this task.

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Table 11.10-1. STSHLD 10: Capability and Deficiency Assessment

Capability: COCOM HQ

Current Overall Capability¹

R²

R³

Y⁴

Y⁵

G⁶

G⁷

Near/Mid-Term Overall Capability

Far-Term Overall Capability

FAA Measure

Scale

Forces are protected by

G: Medical CBRND countermeasures exist for all threat CBRN and high-risk TIM agents and encompass all eligible at-risk

medical prophylaxes.

populations.

Y: Medical CBRND countermeasures exist for selected high-threat CBRN and high-risk TIM agents for U.S. military and

eligible civilian members.

R: Medical CBRND countermeasures are inadequate or do not exist for high-threat CBRN and high-risk TIM agents.

Forces are trained and

G: All Strategic Theater forces (military, eligible civilians, and MWAs) are adequately trained and equipped to perform their

equipped to operate in a

functions and conduct operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.

CBRN/TIM

Y: Military personnel and eligible civilians supporting the mission are adequately trained and equipped to perform their

environment.

functions and conduct operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.

R: Equipping and/or training of Strategic Theater forces (including military, eligible civilians, and/or MWAs) to perform

functions and conduct operations within a CBRN/Tim environment is inadequate or nonexistent.

All units that perform

G: All units performing JMETLs are fully prepared and ready to successfully conduct their tasks within a CBRN/TIM

JMETs are fully prepared

environment.

to successfully perform

Y: Units performing JMETLs are generally prepared and ready to successfully conduct their tasks within a CBRN/TIM

the tasks in a

environment.

CBRN/TIM

R: Units performing JMETLs are inadequately prepared and/or ready to successfully conduct their tasks within a

environment.

CBRN/TIM environment.

Deploying forces meet

G: All Strategic Theater forces (military, eligible civilians, and MWA) meet CBRN/TIM protection requirements to perform

CBRN/TIM protection

their functions and conduct operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.

standards.

Y: Military personnel and eligible civilians supporting the mission meet CBRN/TIM protection requirements to perform

their functions and conduct operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.

R: Strategic Theater forces (including military, eligible civilians, and/or MWA) meeting CBRN/TIM protection

requirements to perform functions and conduct operations within a CBRN/TIM environment are inadequate or nonexistent.

Warfighting capability is

G: Warfighting capabilities are protected and are not degraded and/or unavailable as a result of CBRN/TIM attacks.

not degraded as a result

Y: Warfighting activities and functions are afforded protection and are not seriously degraded and/or unavailable as a result

of enemy CBRN/TIM

of CBRN/TIM attacks.

attacks.

R: Protection of warfighting capabilities is inadequate or nonexistent and may result in serious degradation or non-

availability resulting from CBRN/TIM attacks.

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Adequate resources are

G: CBRND systems and resources are available in plan identified quantities and types to implement identified protective

available to implement

measures.

the required protective

Y: CBRND systems and resources are available in sufficient quantities and types to support protective measures.

measures.

Adjustments are made to adjust to limitations in quantities and types of specific CBRND systems.

R: CBRND systems and/or resources are inadequate or not available to implement protective measures.

¹ DOTMLPF is adequate for planning, training, equipping, and deploying forces. However, DOTMLPF is inadequate to support sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM

environment, particularly expeditionary operations, during the first 30-60 days. Current DOTMLPF does not fully address the unique aspects of CBRND and the impact upon

operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Current DOTMLPF is inadequate for preparing, training, and equipping deploying eligible civilians and MWAs.

² Medical prophylaxis does not exist for all threat CBRN/TIM and TIM agents. Current prophylaxis and supporting doctrine, policy, and procedures do not address

presymptomatic medical CBRN/TIM protective countermeasures by other than U.S. forces, excluding MWAs and eligible civilians. Prophylaxis against most high-threat TIMs is

not currently available due to the relatively recent consideration of these agents as potential threats. Additionally, the efficacy of existing prophylaxis, particularly vaccines, widely

varies. FP using medical prophylaxis is dependent upon identification of the threat, preplanning for a threat, positioning of stocks for issue and administration, timing of

notification to administer/issue prophylaxis, availability of medical personnel to perform administration (if required), ongoing operational requirements, and the available quantity

of sufficient medical prophylaxis to meet requirements. Vaccination to acquired immunity by force personnel prior to entry into the theater or completion of an adequate level of

acquired immunity prior to adversary CBRN/TIM agent employment is a function of the preplanning and deployment operations. However, many agents require the application of,

if not in concert with vaccination, of other prophylaxis. These include immunity assistive and barrier medical materials (e.g., medications, lotions, etc.). The COCOM staff directs

the implementation of these measures when and as appropriate based upon established plans and guidance.

³ Planning for deploying forces includes training for operations within threat CBRN/TIM environments. Nondeploying military forces within CONUS possess varying levels of

training based upon prior training at overseas locations and initial Service training (“boot camp”). OCONUS fixed-site military personnel within an HTA are trained to survive a

CBRN/TIM environment. Eligible civilians are not generally trained to operate in CBRN/TIM hazards. Some government civilians are trained as part of their primary function

(e.g., hazardous materials, fire response, readiness flight [Air Force], and selected others.). However, civilians (e.g., general government employees, contractors, dependents, etc.)

do not receive training to survive a CBRN/TIM environment. This statement is particularly true of CONUS locations. MWA elements of the military force (deploying and

nondeploying) are not trained to survive a CBRN/TIM environment. COCOM staff does not possess clear guidance for planning and providing CBRN/TIM protection training to

eligible civilians and MWA. The Guardian Program, working with the COCOMs and installations, is addressing installation/facility event capabilities. The COCOM staff

preplanning for operations also includes continuing training of personnel within the theater prior to hostilities.

⁴ The COCOM staff developed JMETLs are based upon the UJTLs and the essential tasks for accomplishment of the planned mission(s). Plan-identified forces are trained and

assessed against the JMETLs for their readiness to perform the tasks successfully. However, current doctrine, the UJTL, and operational planning guidance do not adequately

address sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. JMETL development generally does not specify these circumstances as an execution condition. Exercises and

training do not emphasize task performance and operations in these conditions. However, the JMETLs can usually be accomplished successfully with adjustments for the

environment and allowances for the limitations and encumbrances associated with CBRN/TIM protective equipment.

⁵ The combination of established force organic assets, material acquisitions, prepositioned material, available host-nation/coalition contributions, and movement of identified

CBRND resources from stockpiles and reallocation activities pursued by the COCOM staff during the period prior to and through deployment of forces are as outlined by the

appropriate plan and adjusted as necessary to reflect actual available resources against requirements. Elements of deploying forces may not achieve full CBRND readiness and

capabilities during the initial stages of deployment and until after arrival within the AOR. Adjustments to tasked units reflecting other ongoing commitments and the length of the

preparatory period between plan notice of execution and before commencement of hostilities may affect element readiness for CBRN/TIM environment operations. Additionally,

deploying eligible civilians and MWAs (particularly MWDs) are not generally prepared to survive a CBRN/TIM environment.

⁶ The COCOM staff planning and plan execution seeks to balance mission requirements with protection of the force against CBRN/TIM threat(s). Planning considers the impact of

operations within CBRN/TIM environments and provide for adjustments to ensure successful retention of warfighting capabilities. Operations within a CBRN/TIM environment

will degrade individual and unit capabilities. The combination of training, readiness, and flexibility to adjust and maintain operational capabilities provides the basis for

maintenance of mission capability. However, current DOTMLPF and operational planning do not adequately address sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.

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11.10.3

Functional Solution Analysis

11.10.3.1

DOTLPF Assessment Summary

This section addresses the deficiencies and suggests potential non-materiel solutions. If there are

no non-materiel solutions, or they are only partial solutions, the remaining non-materiel need is

then stated. Materiel needs are assessed in the IMA section.

Deficiency: Current prophylaxis and supporting doctrine, policy, and procedures do not

address presymptomatic medical CBRN/TIM protective countermeasures by other than U.S.

forces, excluding eligible civilians.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing

eligible civilians during CBRND operations and the provision of CBRND protection,

including prophylaxis. Training: Establish CBRND training, exercise, and evaluation criteria

and programs for eligible civilians and conduct CBRND training, exercises, and evaluations.

Leadership: Implement and manage CBRND training, equipping, and protection of eligible

civilians.

Deficiency: Current prophylaxis and supporting doctrine, policy, and procedures do not

address presymptomatic medical CBRN/TIM protective countermeasures by other than U.S.

forces, excluding MWAs.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing

MWAs, particularly MWDs, during CBRND operations and the provision of CBRND

protection, including prophylaxis. Training: Establish CBRND training, exercise, and

evaluation criteria and programs for MWAs and conduct CBRND training, exercises, and

evaluations. Leadership: Implement and manage CBRND training, equipping, and protection

of MWAs.

Deficiency: Prophylaxis against most high-threat TIMs are not currently available.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish in doctrine, policy, and procedures the

application of metrics for standards and criteria for protection against all high-threat TIM

agents. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate personnel (military and eligible civilians) on

the use of prophylactic CBRND protection against threat agents. Leadership: Enforce

compliance with established metrics (see Footnote 7 above) for standards and criteria.

Implement and ensure training is adequate and conduct exercises and evaluations to ensure

readiness.

Deficiency: Eligible civilians (e.g., general government employees, contractors, dependents,

etc.) are not generally trained to operate in CBRN/TIM hazards, particularly at CONUS

locations.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing

eligible civilian personnel and operations for CBRND. Organization: Identify organizational

services and activities supporting the mission performed by civilian personnel and

operations. Training: Establish CBRND training, exercise, and evaluation criteria and

programs for eligible civilian personnel and operations supporting the mission; and conduct

CBRND training, exercises, and evaluations. Leadership: Implement and manage CBRND

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training, equipping, and protection of eligible civilian personnel and operations supporting

the mission. Personnel: Ensure eligible civilian personnel and operations supporting the

mission/military operations are qualified in CBRND and capable of performing their

responsibilities in a CBRN/TIM environment. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure

for the acquisition, stockpiling, prepositioning, maintenance, and movement of eligible

civilian CBRND resources.

Deficiency: MWAs, with emphasis on MWD elements of the military force (deploying and

nondeploying), are not trained to survive a CBRN/TIM environment.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Establish doctrine, policy, and procedures CBRND

protection of MWAs, particularly MWDs, and training for CBRN/TIM environment survival.

Organization: Organizational consideration for maintenance and support of MWA CBRND

protective equipment, measures, and activities. Training: Develop institutional and unit

training of handlers and MWAs for CBRND measures and activities. Leadership: Ensure

awareness and planning for CBRND measures and requirements for MWD survivability.

Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure for MWAs CBRND (e.g., logistics, veterinary

surveillance, etc.).

Deficiency: COCOM staff does not possess clear guidance for planning and providing

CBRN/TIM protection training to eligible civilians.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing

eligible civilian personnel and operations for CBRND. Organization: Identify organizational

services and activities performed by, and required to support, eligible civilian personnel and

operations for CBRND. Training: Establish CBRND training, exercise, and evaluation

criteria and programs for eligible civilian personnel and operations; and conduct CBRND

training, exercises, and evaluations. Leadership: Implement and manage CBRND training,

equipping, and protection of eligible civilian personnel and operations supporting the

mission. Personnel: Ensure eligible civilian personnel and operations supporting the

mission/military operations are qualified in CBRND and capable of performing their

responsibilities in a CBRN/TIM environment. Facilities: Develop supporting infrastructure

for the acquisition, stockpiling, prepositioning, maintenance, and movement of eligible

civilian CBRND resources.

Deficiency: COCOM staff does not possess clear guidance for planning and providing

CBRN/TIM protection training to MWAs.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Develop doctrine, policy, and procedures addressing

MWAs, particularly MWDs and operations for CBRND. Organization: Identify

organizational services and activities performed by, and required to support, MWAs and

operations for CBRND. Training: Establish CBRND training, exercise, and evaluation

criteria and programs for MWAs and operations; and conduct CBRND training, exercises,

and evaluations. Leadership: Implement and manage CBRND training, equipping, and

protection of MWAs and operations supporting the mission. Facilities: Develop supporting

infrastructure for the acquisition, stockpiling, prepositioning, maintenance, and movement of

MWA CBRND resources.

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8. Deficiency: Current doctrine, the UJTL, and operational planning guidance do not

adequately address JMETLS for sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment.

Non-Materiel Solutions: Doctrine: Include in doctrine, policy, procedures, and UJTL

sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Organization: Ensure resources,

taskings, and staff are in place or available to plan and perform sustained operations within a

CBRN/TIM environment. Training: Train, exercise, and evaluate the force for sustained

operations within a CBRN/TIM environment. Leadership: Recognize criticality of readiness

of the force for potential sustained operations within a CBRN/TIM environment, training

providing the skills to manage the force in these circumstances, and willingness and ability to

implement necessary changes and activities to prepare and appropriately apply the force.

9. Deficiency: JMETL development generally does not specify sustained operations within a

CBRN/TIM environment as an execution condition.