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Toyota 4Runner (2022 year). Manual in english - page 5

3-5. Opening, closing the windows and moon roof

167

■ Operating the power back window from inside the vehicle after turning

the engine off

 Vehicles without a smart key system

The power back window can be operated for approximately 45 seconds even

after the engine switch is turned to the “ACC” or “LOCK” position. It cannot,

however, be operated once either front door is opened.

 Vehicles with a smart key system

The power back window can be operated for approximately 45 seconds even

after the engine switch is turned to ACCESSORY mode or turned off. It can-

not, however, be operated once either front door is opened.

■ Jam protection function

If an object becomes caught between the window and the window frame, win-

dow travel is stopped and the window is opened slightly.

■When the power back window does not close normally

3

If the jam protection function is operating abnormally and a window cannot be

closed, perform the following operations using the power back window

switch.

● Vehicles without a smart key system: After stopping the vehicle, the window

can be closed by holding the power back window switch in the one-touch

closing position while the engine switch is turned to the “ON” position.

● Vehicles with a smart key system: After stopping the vehicle, the window

can be closed by holding the power back window switch in the one-touch

closing position while the engine switch is turned to IGNITION ON mode.

● If the window still cannot be closed even by carrying out the operation

explained above, initialize the function by performing the following proce-

dure.

Hold the power back window switch in the one-touch closing position.

1

Continue holding the switch for a further 6 seconds after the window has

closed.

Hold the power back window switch in the one-touch opening position.

2

Continue holding the switch for a further 2 seconds after the window has

opened completely.

Hold the power back window switch in the one-touch closing position

3

once again. Continue holding the switch for a further 2 seconds after the

window has closed.

If you release the switch while the window is moving, start again from the

beginning.

If the window continues to close but then re-open slightly even after perform-

ing the above procedure correctly, have the vehicle inspected by your Toyota

dealer.

■ Customization

Settings (e.g. linked operation) can be changed.

(Customizable features P. 557)

168

3-5. Opening, closing the windows and moon roof

WARNING

Observe the following precautions.

Failure to do so may result in death or serious injury.

■Caution while driving

Keep the back door and back window closed while driving. If the back door

or the back window is left open, the back door may hit nearby objects while

driving or luggage may be unexpectedly thrown out, causing an accident.

In addition, exhaust gases may enter the vehicle, causing death or a seri-

ous health hazard. Make sure to close the back door and back window

before driving.

■ Closing the power back window

● The driver is responsible for power back window opening and closing

operations.

In order to prevent accidental operation, especially by a child, do not let a

child operate the power back window. It is possible for children and other

passengers to have body parts caught in the power back window.

● Check to make sure that all passengers do not have any part of their body

in a position where it could be caught when a window is being operated.

● When using the wireless remote control or key and operating the power

back window, operate the power back window after checking to make sure

that there is no possibility of any passenger having any of their body parts

caught in the power back window. Also, do not let a child operate power

back window by the wireless remote control or key. It is possible for chil-

dren and other passengers to get caught in the power back window.

● When exiting the vehicle, turn the engine switch off, carry the key and exit

the vehicle along with the child. There may be accidental operation, due to

mischief, etc., that may possibly lead to an accident.

■ Jam protection function

● Never use any part of your body to intentionally activate the jam protection

function.

● The jam protection function may not work if something gets caught just

before the window fully closes.

3-5. Opening, closing the windows and moon roof

169

Moon roof^

Use the overhead switches to open and close the moon roof and

tilt it up and down.

Opening and closing

Opens the moon roof*

1

The moon roof stops slightly before

the fully open position to reduce

wind noise.

Press the switch again to fully open

the moon roof.

3

2

Closes the moon roof*

*: Lightly press either way of the

moon roof switch to stop the moon

roof partway.

Tilting up and down

1

Tilts the moon roof up*

2

Tilts the moon roof down*

*: Lightly press either way of the

moon roof switch to stop the moon

roof partway.

: If equipped

3-5. Opening, closing the windows and moon roof

171

■When the moon roof does not close normally

Perform the following procedure:

● If the moon roof closes but then re-opens slightly

1

Stop the vehicle.

Press and hold the “SLIDE (open/close)” switch in the close position.*¹

2

The moon roof will close, reopen and pause for approximately 10 sec-

onds.*² Then it will close again, tilt up and pause for approximately 1 sec-

ond. Finally, it will tilt down, open and close.

3

Check to make sure that the moon roof is completely closed and then

release the switch.

● If the moon roof tilts down but then tilts back up

1

Stop the vehicle.

2

Press and hold the “UP” switch*¹ until the moon roof moves into the tilt

3

up position and stops.

3

Release the “UP” switch once and then press and hold the “UP” switch

again.*¹

The moon roof will pause for approximately 10 seconds in the tilt up posi-

tion.*² Then it will adjust slightly and pause for approximately 1 second.

Finally, it will tilt down, open and close.

4

Check to make sure that the moon roof is completely closed and then

release the switch.

^*1: If the switch is released at the incorrect time, the procedure will have to

be performed again from the beginning.

^*2: If the switch is released after the above mentioned 10 second pause,

automatic operation will be disabled. In that case, press and hold the

“UP” or “DOWN” switch, and the moon roof will tilt up and pause for

approximately 1 second. Then it will tilt down, open and close. Check to

make sure that the moon roof is completely closed and then release the

switch.

If the moon roof does not fully close even after performing the above proce-

dure correctly, have the vehicle inspected by your Toyota dealer.

■Moon roof open reminder function

An alarm will sound when the driver’s door is opened with the moon roof not

fully closed and the engine switch off.

■ Door lock linked moon roof operation

● The moon roof can be opened and closed using the key or mechanical key.*

(P. 111, 520)

● The moon roof can be opened using the wireless remote control.*

(P. 110)

*: These settings must be customized at your Toyota dealer.

4-1. Before driving

175

Starting off on a steep uphill

1

Make sure that the parking brake is set and shift the shift lever to D.

2

Gently depress the accelerator pedal.

3

Release the parking brake.

■ Driving in the rain

● Drive carefully when it is raining, because visibility will be reduced, the win-

dows may become fogged-up, and the road will be slippery.

● Drive carefully when it starts to rain, because the road surface will be espe-

cially slippery.

● Refrain from driving at high speeds in the rain, as there may be a layer of

water between the tires and the road surface, preventing the steering and

brakes from operating properly.

■Engine speed while driving

In the following conditions, the engine speed may become high while driving.

4

This is due to automatic up-shifting control or down-shifting implementation to

meet driving conditions. It does not indicate sudden acceleration.

● The vehicle is judged to be driving uphill or downhill

● When the accelerator pedal is released

■Restraining the engine output (Brake Override System)

● When the accelerator and brake pedals are depressed at the same time, the

engine output may be restrained.

● A warning message is displayed on the multi-information display while the

system is operating.

■Restraining sudden start (Drive-Start Control)

● When the following unusual operation is performed, the engine output may

be restrained.

• When the shift lever is shifted from R to D, D to R, N to R, P to D, or P to

R (D includes S) with the accelerator pedal depressed, a warning mes-

sage appears on the multi-information display.

• When the accelerator pedal is depressed too much while the vehicle is in

reverse.

● While Drive-Start Control is being activated, your vehicle may have trouble

escaping from the mud or fresh snow. In such case, perform the following

actions to cancel Drive-Start Control so that the vehicle may become able to

escape from the mud or fresh snow.

• Deactivate TRAC (P. 335, 336)

•

2WD models: When the AUTO LSD system is turned on. (P. 315)

• Part-time 4WD models: The four-wheel drive control switch is in “L4”

position. (P. 305)

• Full-time 4WD models: The four-wheel drive control switch is in “L4L”

position. (P. 309)

176

4-1. Before driving

■ Breaking in your new Toyota

To extend the life of the vehicle, observing the following precautions is recom-

mended:

● For the first 200 miles (300 km):

Avoid sudden stops.

● For the first 500 miles (800 km):

Do not tow a trailer.

● For the first 1000 miles (1600 km):

• Do not drive at extremely high speeds.

• Avoid sudden acceleration.

• Do not drive continuously in low gears.

• Do not drive at a constant speed for extended periods.

■ Drum-in-disc type parking brake system

Your vehicle has a drum-in-disc type parking brake system. This type of brake

system needs bedding-down of the brake shoes periodically or whenever the

parking brake shoes and/or drum are replaced. Have your Toyota dealer per-

form the bedding down operation.

■ Operating your vehicle in a foreign country

Comply with the relevant vehicle registration laws and confirm the availability

of the correct fuel. (P. 542)

■When turning off the engine

The emission system operating sounds may continue for a short time after

the engine is turned off. This is not a malfunction, and helps to ensure optimal

performance of the emission system.

WARNING

Observe the following precautions.

Failure to do so may result in death or serious injury.

■ When starting the vehicle

Always keep your foot on the brake pedal while stopped with the engine

running. This prevents the vehicle from creeping.

4-1. Before driving

177

WARNING

Observe the following precautions.

Failure to do so may result in death or serious injury.

■ When driving the vehicle

● Do not drive if you are unfamiliar with the location of the brake and accel-

erator pedals to avoid depressing the wrong pedal.

• Accidentally depressing the accelerator pedal instead of the brake

pedal will result in sudden acceleration that may lead to an accident.

• When backing up, you may twist your body around, leading to a diffi-

culty in operating the pedals. Make sure to operate the pedals properly.

• Make sure to keep a correct driving posture even when moving the

vehicle only slightly. This allows you to depress the brake and accelera-

tor pedals properly.

• Depress the brake pedal using your right foot. Depressing the brake

pedal using your left foot may delay response in an emergency, result-

ing in an accident.

4

● Do not drive the vehicle over or stop the vehicle near flammable materials.

The exhaust system and exhaust gases can be extremely hot. These hot

parts may cause a fire if there is any flammable material nearby.

■ When driving the vehicle

● During normal driving, do not turn off the engine. Turning the engine off

while driving will not cause loss of steering or braking control, but the

power assist to these systems will be lost. This will make it more difficult to

steer and brake, so you should pull over and stop the vehicle as soon as it

is safe to do so.

However, in the event of an emergency, such as if it becomes impossible

to stop the vehicle in the normal way: P. 475

● Use engine braking (downshift) to maintain a safe speed when driving

down a steep hill.

Using the brakes continuously may cause the brakes to overheat and lose

effectiveness. (P. 216)

● Do not adjust the positions of the steering wheel, the seat, or the inside or

outside rear view mirrors while driving.

Doing so may result in a loss of vehicle control.

● Always check that all passengers’ arms, heads or other parts of their body

are not outside the vehicle.

● Do not drive in excess of the speed limit. Even if the legal speed limit per-

mits it, do not drive over 85 mph (140 km/h) unless your vehicle has high-

speed capability tires. Driving over 85 mph (140 km/h) may result in tire

failure, loss of control and possible injury. Be sure to consult a tire dealer

to determine whether the tires on your vehicle are high-speed capability

tires or not before driving at such speeds.

178

4-1. Before driving

WARNING

Observe the following precautions.

Failure to do so may result in death or serious injury.

■ When driving on slippery road surfaces

● Sudden braking, acceleration and steering may cause tire slippage and

reduce your ability to control the vehicle, resulting in an accident.

● Sudden acceleration, engine braking due to shifting, or changes in engine

speed could cause the vehicle to skid, resulting in an accident.

● After driving through a puddle, lightly depress the brake pedal to make

sure that the brakes are functioning properly. Wet brake pads may prevent

the brakes from functioning properly. If the brakes on only one side are wet

and not functioning properly, steering control may be affected, resulting in

an accident.

■ When shifting the shift lever

● Do not let the vehicle roll backward while the shift lever is in a driving posi-

tion, or roll forward while the shift lever is in R.

Doing so may cause the engine to stall or lead to poor brake and steering

performance, resulting in an accident or damage to the vehicle.

● Do not shift the shift lever to P while the vehicle is moving.

Doing so can damage the transmission and may result in a loss of vehicle

control.

● Do not shift the shift lever to R while the vehicle is moving forward.

Doing so can damage the transmission and may result in a loss of vehicle

control.

● Do not shift the shift lever to a driving position while the vehicle is moving

backward.

Doing so can damage the transmission and may result in a loss of vehicle

control.

● Moving the shift lever to N while the vehicle is moving will disengage the

engine from the transmission. Engine braking is not available when N is

selected.

● Be careful not to shift the shift lever with the accelerator pedal depressed.

Shifting the shift lever to a gear other than P or N may lead to unexpected

rapid acceleration of the vehicle that may cause an accident and result in

death or serious injury.

4-1. Before driving

179

WARNING

Observe the following precautions.

Failure to do so may result in death or serious injury.

■ If you hear a squealing or scraping noise (brake pad wear limit indica-

tors)

Have the brake pads checked and replaced by your Toyota dealer as soon

as possible.

Rotor damage may result if the pads are not replaced when needed.

It is dangerous to drive the vehicle when the wear limits of the brake pads

and/or those of the brake discs are exceeded.

■ When the vehicle is stopped

● Do not race the engine.

If the vehicle is in any gear other than P or N, the vehicle may accelerate

suddenly and unexpectedly, causing an accident.

● In order to prevent accidents due to the vehicle rolling away, always keep

depressing the brake pedal while the engine is running, and apply the

4

parking brake as necessary.

● If the vehicle is stopped on an incline, in order to prevent accidents caused

by the vehicle rolling forward or backward, always depress the brake pedal

and securely apply the parking brake as needed.

● Avoid revving or racing the engine.

Running the engine at high speed while the vehicle is stopped may cause

the exhaust system to overheat, which could result in a fire if combustible

material is nearby.

180

4-1. Before driving

WARNING

Observe the following precautions.

Failure to do so may result in death or serious injury.

■ When the vehicle is parked

● Do not leave glasses, cigarette lighters, spray cans, or soft drink cans in

the vehicle when it is in the sun.

Doing so may result in the following:

• Gas may leak from a cigarette lighter or spray can, and may lead to a

fire.

• The temperature inside the vehicle may cause the plastic lenses and

plastic material of glasses to deform or crack.

• Soft drink cans may fracture, causing the contents to spray over the

interior of the vehicle, and may also cause a short circuit in the vehicle’s

electrical components.

● Do not leave cigarette lighters in the vehicle. If a cigarette lighter is in a

place such as the glove box or on the floor, it may be lit accidentally when

luggage is loaded or the seat is adjusted, causing a fire.

● Do not attach adhesive discs to the windshield or windows. Do not place

containers such as air fresheners on the instrument panel or dashboard.

Adhesive discs or containers may act as lenses, causing a fire in the vehi-

cle.

● Do not leave a door or window open if the curved glass is coated with a

metallized film such as a silver-colored one. Reflected sunlight may cause

the glass to act as a lens, causing a fire.

● Always apply the parking brake, shift the shift lever to P, stop the engine

and lock the vehicle.

Do not leave the vehicle unattended while the engine is running.

If the vehicle is parked with the shift lever in P but the parking brake is not

set, the vehicle may start to move, possibly leading to an accident.

● Do not touch the exhaust pipes while the engine is running or immediately

after turning the engine off.

Doing so may cause burns.

4-1. Before driving

181

WARNING

Observe the following precautions.

Failure to do so may result in death or serious injury.

■ When taking a nap in the vehicle

Always turn the engine off. Otherwise, if you accidentally move the shift

lever or depress the accelerator pedal, this could cause an accident or fire

due to engine overheating. Additionally, if the vehicle is parked in a poorly

ventilated area, exhaust gases may collect and enter the vehicle, leading to

death or a serious health hazard.

■When braking

● When the brakes are wet, drive more cautiously.

Braking distance increases when the brakes are wet, and this may cause

one side of the vehicle to brake differently than the other side. Also, the

parking brake may not securely hold the vehicle.

● If the brake booster device does not operate, do not follow other vehicles

closely and avoid hills or sharp turns that require braking.

4

In this case, braking is still possible, but the brake pedal should be

depressed more firmly than usual. Also, the braking distance will increase.

● Do not pump the brake pedal if the engine stalls.

Each push on the brake pedal uses up the reserve for the power-assisted

brakes.

● The brake system consists of 2 individual hydraulic systems; if one of the

systems fails, the other will still operate. In this case, the brake pedal

should be depressed more firmly than usual and the braking distance will

increase.

If this happens, do not continue to drive the vehicle. Have your brakes

fixed immediately.

4-1. Before driving

183

NOTICE

■When encountering flooded roads

Do not drive on a road that has flooded after heavy rain etc. Doing so may

cause the following serious damage to the vehicle:

● Engine stalling

● Short in electrical components

● Engine damage caused by water immersion

In the event that you drive on a flooded road and the vehicle is flooded, be

sure to have your Toyota dealer check the following:

● Brake function

● Changes in quantity and quality of oil and fluid used for the engine, trans-

mission, transfer (4WD models), differentials, etc.

● Lubricant condition for the propeller shaft, bearings and suspension joints

(where possible), and the function of all joints, bearings, etc.

4

184

4-1. Before driving

Cargo and luggage

Take notice of the following information about storage precau-

tions, cargo capacity and load:

● Stow cargo and luggage in the luggage compartment whenever

possible.

● Be sure all items are secured in place.

● To maintain vehicle balance while driving, position luggage evenly

within the luggage compartment.

● For better fuel economy, do not carry unnecessary weight.

4-1. Before driving

185

Capacity and distribution

Cargo capacity depends on the total weight of the occupants.

(Cargo capacity) = (Total load capacity) — (Total weight of occupants)

Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit —

(1) Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and

cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs.” on your vehicle’s

placard.

(2) Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that

will be riding in your vehicle.

(3) Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from

XXX kg or XXX lbs.

(4) The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and lug-

gage load capacity.

4

For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs. and there will be

five

150 lb passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available

cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs. (1400  750 (5150) =

650 lbs.)

(5) Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded

on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available

cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4.

(6) If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be

transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how

this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your

vehicle.

(P. 532)

186

4-1. Before driving

Calculation formula for your vehicle

1

Cargo capacity

2

Total load capacity

(vehicle

capacity weight) (P. 532)

When 2 people with the combined weight of A lb. (kg) are riding in

your vehicle, which has a total load capacity (vehicle capacity weight)

of B lb. (kg), the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity

will be C lb. (kg) as follows:

B*² lb. (kg) - A*¹ lb. (kg) = C*³ lb. (kg)

^*1: A =Weight of people

^*2: B =Total load capacity

^*3: C =Available cargo and luggage load

In this condition, if 3 more passengers with the combined weight of D

lb. (kg) get on, the available cargo and luggage load will be reduced E

lb. (kg) as follows:

C lb. (kg) - D*⁴ lb. (kg) = E*⁵ lb. (kg)

^*4: D =Additional weight of people

^*5: E =Available cargo and luggage load

As shown in the example above, if the number of occupants

increases, the cargo and luggage load will be reduced by an amount

that equals the increased weight due to the additional occupants. In

other words, if an increase in the number of occupants causes an

excess of the total load capacity (combined weight of occupants plus

cargo and luggage load), you must reduce the cargo and luggage on

your vehicle.

4-1. Before driving

187

■When using the roof rails (if equipped)

● To use the roof rails as a roof luggage

Roof rails

carrier, you must fit the roof rails with

Cross rails

two or more genuine Toyota cross rails

or their equivalent.

●When there is no luggage on the roof

luggage carrier Toyota recommends

that the front and rear cross rails be

secured in the positions indicated in

the illustration. This may reduce wind

noise while driving.

WARNING

■Things that must not be carried in the luggage compartment

The following things may cause a fire if loaded in the luggage compart-

ment:

4

●Receptacles containing gasoline

●Aerosol cans

■Storage precautions

Observe the following precautions.

Failure to do so may prevent the pedals from being depressed properly,

may block the driver’s vision, or may result in items hitting the driver or

passengers, possibly causing an accident.

●Stow cargo and luggage in the luggage compartment whenever possi-

ble.

●Do not stack cargo and luggage in the luggage compartment higher

than the seatbacks.

●Do not place cargo or luggage in or on the following locations.

• At the feet of the driver

• On the front passenger or rear seats (when stacking items)

• On the instrument panel

• On the dashboard

● Secure all items in the occupant compartment.

●When you fold down the rear seats, long items should not be placed

directly behind the front seats.

●Never allow anyone to ride in the luggage compartment. It is not

designed for passengers. They should ride in their seats with their seat

belts properly fastened. Otherwise, they are much more likely to suffer

death or serious bodily injury, in the event of sudden braking, sudden

swerving or an accident.

188

4-1. Before driving

WARNING

■Capacity and distribution

●Do not exceed the maximum axle weight rating or the total vehicle

weight rating.

●Even if the total load of occupant’s weight and the cargo load is less

than the total load capacity, do not apply the load unevenly. Improper

loading may cause deterioration of steering or braking control which

may cause death or serious injury.

■When loading cargo on the roof luggage carrier

Observe the following precautions:

●Place the cargo so that its weight is distributed evenly between the

front and rear axles.

●If loading long or wide cargo, never exceed the vehicle overall length

or width. (P. 532)

●Before driving, make sure the cargo is securely fastened on the roof

luggage carrier.

● Loading cargo on the roof luggage carrier will make the center of grav-

ity of the vehicle higher. Avoid high speeds, sudden starts, sharp turns,

sudden braking or abrupt maneuvers, otherwise it may result in loss of

control or vehicle rollover due to failure to operate this vehicle correctly

and result in death or serious injury.

●If driving for a long distance, on rough roads, or at high speeds, stop

the vehicle now and then during the trip to make sure the cross rails

are fixed securely and that the cargo remains in its place.

●Do not exceed 120 lb. (54 kg) cargo weight on the roof luggage carrier.

NOTICE

■When loading cargo on the roof luggage carrier

Be careful not to scratch the surface of the moon roof (if equipped).

4-1. Before driving

189

Vehicle load limits

Vehicle load limits include total load capacity, seating capacity,

TWR (Trailer Weight Rating) and cargo capacity.

◆ Total load capacity (vehicle capacity weight): P. 532

Total load capacity means the combined weight of occupants, cargo

and luggage.

◆ Seating capacity: P. 532

Seating capacity means the maximum number of occupants whose

estimated average weight is 150 lb. (68 kg) per person.

◆ TWR (Trailer Weight Rating): P. 195, 532

4

TWR means the maximum gross trailer weight (trailer weight plus

its cargo weight) that you vehicle is able to tow.

◆ Cargo capacity

Cargo capacity may increase or decrease depending on the weight

and the number of occupants.

■ Total load capacity and seating capacity

These details are also described on the tire and loading information label.

(P. 448)

WARNING

■Overloading the vehicle

Do not overload the vehicle.

It may not only cause damage to the tires, but also degrade steering

and braking ability, resulting in an accident.

190

4-1. Before driving

Trailer towing

Your vehicle is designed primarily as a passenger-and-load-car-

rying vehicle. Towing a trailer can have an adverse impact on

handling, performance, braking, durability, and fuel consump-

tion. For your safety and the safety of others, you must not over-

load your vehicle or trailer. You must also ensure that you are

using appropriate towing equipment, that the towing equipment

has been installed correctly and used properly, and that you

employ the requisite driving habits.

Vehicle-trailer stability and braking performance are affected by

trailer stability, brake performance and setting, trailer brakes,

the hitch and hitch systems (if equipped).

To tow a trailer safely, use extreme care and drive the vehicle in

accordance with your trailer’s characteristics and operating

conditions.

Toyota warranties do not apply to damage or malfunction

caused by towing a trailer for commercial purposes.

Contact your Toyota dealer for further information about addi-

tional requirements such as a towing kit, etc.

4-1. Before driving

191

Towing related terms

■ GCWR (Gross Combination Weight Rating)

The maximum allowable gross

combination weight. The gross

combination weight is the sum

of the total vehicle weight

(including the occupants, cargo

and any optional equipment

installed on the vehicle) and the

weight of the trailer being towed

(including the cargo in the

trailer).

■ GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating)

The maximum allowable gross

4

vehicle weight. The gross vehi-

cle weight is the total weight of

the vehicle. When towing a

trailer, it is the sum of the vehi-

cle weight (including the occu-

pants, cargo and any optional

equipment installed on the vehi-

cle) and the tongue weight.

192

4-1. Before driving

■ GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating)

The maximum allowable gross

Front GAWR

axle weight. The gross axle

weight is the load placed on

each axle (front and rear).

Rear GAWR

■ TWR (Trailer Weight Rating)

The maximum allowable gross

(With brakes)

trailer weight. The gross trailer

weight is the sum of the trailer

weight and the weight of the

cargo in the trailer.

TWR is calculated assuming

base vehicle with one driver,

one front passenger, towing

package (if available), hitch and

hitch systems (if required).

Additional optional equipment, passengers and cargo in the vehicle will

reduce the trailer weight rating so as not to exceed GCWR, GVWR and

GAWR.

If the gross trailer weight exceeds 3000 lb. (1360 kg), it is recommended

to use a trailer with 2 or more axles.

4-1. Before driving

193

■ Unbraked TWR (Unbraked Trailer Weight Rating)

The trailer weight rating for tow-

(Without brakes)

ing a trailer without a trailer ser-

vice brake system.

■ Tongue Weight

The load placed on the trailer

hitch ball. (P. 195)

4

194

4-1. Before driving

Weight limits

● The gross trailer weight must never exceed the TWR described in

the table. (P. 195)

● The gross combination weight must never exceed the

GCWR

described in the table. (P. 195)

● The gross vehicle weight must

never exceed the GVWR indi-

cated on the Certification Label.

● The gross axle weight on each

axle must never exceed the

GAWR indicated on the Certifi-

cation Label.

● If the gross trailer weight is over the unbraked TWR, trailer service

brakes are required.

● If the gross trailer weight is over 2000 lb. (907 kg), a sway control

device with sufficient capacity is required.

4-1. Before driving

195

GCWR, TWR and Unbraked TWR

Confirm that the gross trailer weight, gross combination weight, gross

vehicle weight, gross axle weight and tongue weight are all within the

limits.

■ GCWR* and TWR*

Trailer Weight

Driving system

GCWR

Rating

2WD

11100 lb. (5035 kg)

5000 lb.

(2270 kg)

4WD

11300 lb. (5125 kg)

■ Unbraked TWR*

1655 lb. (750 kg)

: These models meet the tow-vehicle trailering requirement of SAE Interna-

tional per SAE J2807.

4

Trailer Tongue Weight

● A recommended tongue weight varies in accordance with the types

of trailers or towing as described below.

● To ensure the recommended values shown below, the trailer must

be loaded by referring to the following instructions.

• Tongue Weight

The gross trailer weight should be distributed so that the tongue

weight is 9% to 11%. (Tongue weight /Gross trailer weight x 100

= 9% to 11%)

1

Gross trailer weight

2

Tongue weight

The gross trailer weight, gross axle weight and tongue weight

can be measured with platform scales found at a highway weigh-

ing station, building supply company, trucking company, junk

yard, etc.

4-1. Before driving

197

Selecting trailer ball

Use the correct trailer ball for your application.

1

Trailer ball load rating

Matches or exceeds the gross

trailer weight rating of the trailer.

2

Ball diameter

Matches the size of the trailer cou-

pler. Most couplers are stamped

with the required trailer ball size.

Trailer class

Typical trailer ball size

IV

2 5/16 in.

4

II and III

2 in.

I

1 7/8 in.

3

Shank length

Protrudes beyond the bottom of the lock washer and nut by at least 2

threads.

4

Shank diameter

Matches the ball mount hole diameter size.

198

4-1. Before driving

Positions for towing hitch receiver and hitch ball

1

Weight carrying ball position:

50.1 in. (1272 mm)

2

Hitch receiver pin hole position:

43.7 in. (1109 mm)

Connecting trailer lights

Use the wire harness stored in the

rear end under body.

Please consult your dealer when installing trailer lights, as incorrect

installation may cause damage to the vehicle’s lights. Please take

care to comply with your state’s laws when installing trailer lights.

■ Service connector for towing brake controller

Your vehicle is equipped with a service

connector for the trailer brake controller

as shown.

4-1. Before driving

199

Trailer towing tips

Your vehicle will handle differently when towing a trailer. Help to avoid

an accident, death or serious injury, keep the following in mind when

towing:

● Speed limits for towing a trailer vary by state or province. Do not

exceed the posted towing speed limit.

● Toyota recommends that the vehicle-trailer speed limit is 65 mph

(104 km/h) on a flat, straight, dry road. Do not exceed this limit, the

posted towing speed limit or the speed limit for your trailer as set

forth in your trailer owner’s manual, whichever is lowest. Instability

of the towing vehicle-trailer combination (trailer sway) increases as

speed increases. Exceeding speed limits may cause loss of control.

● Before starting out, check the trailer lights, tires and the vehicle-

trailer connections. Recheck after driving a short distance.

4

● Practice turning, stopping and reversing with the trailer attached in

an area away from traffic until you become accustomed to the feel

of the vehicle-trailer combination.

● Reversing with a trailer attached is difficult and requires practice.

Grip the bottom of the steering wheel and move your hand to the

left to move the trailer to the left. Move your hand to the right to

move the trailer to right. (This is generally opposite to reversing

without a trailer attached.) Avoid sharp or prolonged turning. Have

someone guide you when reversing to reduce the risk of an acci-

dent.

● As stopping distance is increased when towing a trailer, vehicle-to

vehicle distance should be increased. For each 10 mph (16 km/h)

of speed, allow at least one vehicle and trailer length.

● Avoid sudden braking as you may skid, resulting in the trailer jack-

knifing and a loss of vehicle control. This is especially true on wet or

slippery surfaces.

4-1. Before driving

201

● Always place wheel blocks under both the vehicle’s and the trailer’s

wheels when parking. Apply the parking brake firmly, and put the

transmission in P. Avoid parking on a slope, but if unavoidable, do

so only after performing the following:

1

Apply the brakes and keep them applied.

2

Have someone place wheel blocks under both the vehicle’s and

trailer’s wheels.

3

When the wheel blocks are in place, release the brakes slowly

until the blocks absorb the load.

4

Apply the parking brake firmly.

5

Shift into P and turn off the engine.

● When restarting after parking on a slope:

1

With the transmission in P, start the engine. Be sure to keep the

brake pedal pressed.

4

2

Shift into a forward gear. If reversing, shift into R.

3

Release the parking brake and brake pedal, and slowly pull or

back away from the wheel blocks. Stop and apply the brakes.

4

Have someone retrieve the blocks.

■ Matching trailer ball height to trailer coupler height

No matter which class of tow hitch

applies, for a more safe trailer hookup,

the trailer ball setup must be the proper

height for the coupler on the trailer.

1

Coupler

2

Trailer ball

4-1. Before driving

203

● After the trailer swaying has stopped:

• Stop in a safe place. Get all occupants out of the vehicle.

• Check the tires of the vehicle and the trailer.

• Check the load in the trailer.

Make sure the load has not shifted.

Make sure the tongue weight is appropriate, if possible.

• Check the load in the vehicle.

Make sure the vehicle is not overloaded after occupants get in.

If you cannot find any problems, the speed at which trailer swaying occurred

is beyond the limit of your particular vehicle-trailer combination.

Drive at a lower speed to prevent instability. Remember that swaying of the

towing vehicle-trailer increases as speed increases.

WARNING

■ Trailer towing precautions

To tow a trailer safely, use extreme care and drive the vehicle in accordance

with the trailer’s characteristics and operating conditions. Failure to do so

4

could cause an accident resulting in death or serious injury. Vehicle stability

and braking performance are affected by trailer stability, brake setting and

performance, and the hitch. Your vehicle will handle differently when towing

a trailer.

■ To avoid accident or injury

● Do not exceed the TWR, unbraked TWR, GCWR, GVWR or GAWR.

● If the gross trailer weight is over 2000 lb. (907 kg), a sway control device

with sufficient capacity is required.

● Adjust the tongue weight within the appropriate range. Place heavier loads

as close to the trailer axle as possible.

● Do not exceed 65 mph (104 km/h), the posted towing speed limit or the

speed limit for your trailer as set forth in your trailer owner’s manual,

whichever is lowest. Slow down sufficiently before making a turn, in cross

winds, on wet or slippery surface, etc. to help avoid an accident. If you

experience a vehicle-trailer instability from reducing a certain speed, slow

down and make sure you keep your vehicle speed under the speed of

which you experience the instability.

● Do not make jerky, abrupt or sharp turns.

204

4-1. Before driving

WARNING

● Do not apply the brakes suddenly as you may skid, resulting in jackknifing

and loss of vehicle control. This is especially true on wet or slippery sur-

faces.

● Do not exceed the trailer hitch assembly weight, gross vehicle weight,

gross axle weight and trailer tongue weight capacities.

● Do not use cruise control when towing.

● Slow down and downshift before descending steep or long downhill

grades. Do not make sudden downshifts while descending steep or long

downhill grades.

● Vehicle-trailer instability is more likely on steep long downhills. Before

descending steep or long downhill grades, slow down and downshift. Do

not make sudden downshifts when descending steep or long downhill

grades. Avoid holding the brake pedal down too long or applying the

brakes too frequently. This could cause the brakes to overheat and result

in reduced braking efficiency.

■Hitch

Trailer hitch assemblies have different weight capacities established by the

hitch manufacturer. Even though the vehicle may be physically capable of

towing a higher weight, the operator must determine the maximum weight

rating of the particular hitch assembly and never exceed the maximum

weight rating specified for the trailer-hitch. Exceeding the maximum weight

rating set by the trailer-hitch manufacturer can cause an accident resulting

in death or serious personal injuries.

■ When towing a trailer

Toyota recommends trailers with brakes that conform to any applicable fed-

eral and state/provincial regulations.

● If the gross trailer weight exceeds unbraked TWR, trailer brakes are

required. Toyota recommends trailers with brakes that conform to all appli-

cable federal and state/provincial regulations.

● Never tap into your vehicle’s hydraulic system, as this will lower the vehi-

cle’s braking effectiveness.

● Never tow a trailer without using a safety chain securely attached to both

the trailer and the vehicle. If damage occurs to the coupling unit or hitch

ball, there is danger of the trailer wandering into another lane.

206

4-1. Before driving

Dinghy towing

Your vehicle is not designed to be dinghy towed (with 4 wheels

on the ground) behind a motor home.

NOTICE

■ To avoid serious damage to your vehicle

Do not tow your vehicle with the four wheels on the ground.

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