FM 44-80 VISUAL AIRCRAFT RECOGNITION (30 September 1996) - page 5

 

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FM 44-80 VISUAL AIRCRAFT RECOGNITION (30 September 1996) - page 5

 

 

C-123 PROVIDER (FAIRCHILD)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. USA.
Similar Aircraft. G.222, C-160 Transall,
Aviocar C-212.
Crew. Four.
Role. STOL transport, cargo (60 equipped troops).
Armament. Usually none.
Dimensions. Length: 76 ft, 3 in (23.93 m). Span: 110 ft (33.53 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. High-mounted and unequally tapered with blunt tips.
Engine(s). Two piston engines mounted under the wings. Two jet engines mounted under the wings
outboard of the piston engines or the wing tips on some models.
Fuselage. Wide, cigar-shaped. Upswept rear section and solid, rounded nose. Stepped cockpit.
Tail. Back-tapered fin with square tip and a large, angular fairing. Flats are high-mounted on the body
and unequally tapered with square tips.
USER COUNTRIES
Canada, Egypt, El Salvador, Honduras, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, USA, Venezuela.
C-130 HERCULES (LOCKHEED)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. USA.
Similar Aircraft. An-12 Cub, C-160 Transall, G.222.
Crew. Four.
Role. Transport, cargo (92 equipped troops, light-tactical vehicles), airdrop, low-level extraction, air
refueling, reconnaissance, gunship.
Armament. Usually none, except AC-130G gunship.
Dimensions. Length: 97 ft, 9 in (29.78 m). Span: 132 ft, 7 in (40.41 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. High-mounted with straight leading edges, forward tapered trailing edges, and blunt tips.
Engine(s). Four turboprops mounted under and extending beyond wings’ leading edges.
Fuselage. Wide and circular with solid, blunt nose. Stepped cockpit. Upswept rear section.
Tail. Flats equally tapered and high-mounted on the body. Tall tail fin tapered with a blunt tip.
USER COUNTRIES
Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Denmark,
Ecuador, Egypt, France, Greece, Honduras, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Libya, Malaysia,
Mexico, Morocco, New Zealand, Niger, Nigeria, Yemen, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines,
Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Africa, Korea, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey,
UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zaire.
C-141B STARLIFTER (LOCKHEED)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. USA.
Similar Aircraft. Il-76 Candid, C-5A Galaxy, C-17A Globemaster III.
Crew. Four.
Role. Transport, cargo (154 equipped troops, tactical vehicles, and weapons).
Armament. Usually none.
Dimensions. Length: 168 ft, 4 in (51.30 m). Span: 160 ft (48.76 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. High-mounted, swept-back, and tapered. Negative slant and blunt tips.
Engine(s). Four turbofans suspended from pylons under the wings. Engines extend forward of the wings’
leading edges.
Fuselage. Cigar-shaped and tapered to the rear. Solid, rounded nose and flush cockpit. Landing gear
bulges at lower midsection.
Tail. Swept-back and tapered flats mounted high on a swept-back and tapered tail fin forming a T. Small
fairing in leading edge of the fin.
USER COUNTRY
USA.
C-160 TRANSALL (AEROSPATIALE, MBB)
GENERAL DATA
Countries of Origin. France, Germany.
Similar Aircraft. G.222, C-123 Provider, Aviocar C-212, C-130 Hercules, An-12 Cub.
Crew. Three.
Role. Transport, cargo (93 equipped troops, tactical vehicles), airdrop, EW, surveillance, airborne
command.
Armament. Usually none.
Dimensions. Length: 106 ft, 3 in (32.4 m). Span: 131 ft, 3 in (40 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. High-mounted and equally tapered outboard of engines with blunt tips.
Engine(s). Two turboprops mounted under and extend beyond wings’ leading edges.
Fuselage. Long, thick, and tapered to the rear with round, solid nose. Stepped cockpit and upswept tail
section.
Tail. Flats mid-mounted on thinned body, equally tapered with blunt tips. Fin is tall and tapered with a
blunt tip and a fairing in the leading edge.
USER COUNTRIES
France, Germany, South Africa, Turkey.
DC-3 DAKOTA (DOUGLAS)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. USA.
Similar Aircraft. I1-14 Crate.
Crew. Five.
Role. Medium-transport, cargo (35 equipped troops).
Armament. Usually none except modified gunship.
Dimensions. Length: 64 ft, 5 in (19.63 m). Span: 95 ft (28.96 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. Low-mounted with unequally tapered leading and trailing edge. Has rounded tips and positive
slant.
Engine(s). Two piston engines mounted in the wing’s leading edges. There are also turboprop versions.
Fuselage. Club-shaped and tapered to the rear. Solid, round nose and a stepped cockpit.
Tail. Fin tapered with a rounded tip. Flats are mid-mounted on the body, with round tips.
USER COUNTRIES
Angola, Argentina, Bolivia, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central Africa Republic, Chad, Colombia, Congo,
Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Mexico,
Mozambique, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Rwanda, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey,
Venezuela, Zambia.
G.222 (AERITALIA)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. Italy.
Similar Aircraft. C-160 Transall, C-123 Provider, Aviocar C-212, C-130 Hercules, An-12 Cub.
Crew. Three.
Role. STOL transport, cargo (44 equipped troops).
Armament. Usually none.
Dimensions. Length: 74 ft, 5 in (22.7 m). Span: 94 ft, 2 in (28.7 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. High-mounted and equally tapered outboard of engines with blunt tips.
Engine(s). Two turboprops mounted beneath and extending beyond the wings’ leading edges.
Fuselage. Short, round, and tapered to the rear. Rounded nose and stepped cockpit. Upswept rear section.
Tail. Flats high-mounted on fuselage. Tapered leading edges with blunt tips. Fin is tall and back-tapered
with a blunt tip and fairing in the leading edge.
USER COUNTRIES
Italy, Libya, Somalia, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Venezuela.
Il-14 CRATE (ILYUSHIN)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. CIS (formerly USSR).
Similar Aircraft. DC-3 Dakota.
Crew. Five.
Role. Medium-transport, cargo (five equipped troops).
Armament. Usually none.
Dimensions. Length: 73 ft, 2 in (22.3 m). Span: 104 ft (31.70 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. Low-mounted and have straight leading edges and forward-tapered trailing edges with blunt tips.
Engine(s). Two piston engines mounted in and extending beyond the wings’ leading edges.
Fuselage. Long, cigar-shaped, and tapered to the rear section. Rounded, solid nose and stepped cockpit.
Tail. Flats mid-mounted on body and back-tapered with rounded tips. Large fin, tapered, with a square
tip and a small fairing in the leading edge.
USER COUNTRIES
Afghanistan, Albania, Bulgaria, CIS, Chad, Cuba, Czech Republic, Iraq, North Korea, People’s Republic
of China, Poland, Romania, South Yemen, Vietnam.
Il-76 CANDID (ILYUSHIN)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. CIS (formerly USSR).
Similar Aircraft. C-141B Starlifter, C-5 Galaxy, C-17A Globemaster III.
Crew. Seven.
Role. Heavy-transport, cargo (tanks, guns, and other equipment).
Armament. Rear gun turret on military model.
Dimensions. Length: 152 ft, 10 in (46.6 m). Span: 165 ft, 8 in (50.6 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. High-mounted, swept-back, and tapered with blunt tips. Slight negative slant.
Engine(s). Four turbofans mounted on pylons under and extending beyond wings’ leading edges.
Fuselage. Long, round, and tapering to the rear. Rounded nose with radome on the chin. Bottom portion
of nose glassed-in. Flush cockpit.
Tail. Flats swept-back, tapered, and high-mounted on a swept-back, tapered tail fin forming a T.
USER COUNTRIES
CIS, Cuba, Iraq, India, Libya, Syria.
CHAPTER 9
Utility Aircraft
This chapter shows several examples of utility type aircraft. There are literally hundreds of aircraft types that could be used in this
function. Included are utility types manufactured specifically for military purposes, although other examples are shown of conversions
from civilian to military or military to civilian uses.
For each aircraft, there are line drawings, general data, WEFT descriptions, user countries, photographs, and aircraft manufacturer
information. The following illustration shows utility aircraft WEFT description features. Line drawings are not to scale.
Chapter 9 Aircraft List
An-2 Colt
O-2 Skymaster
Skyvan 3M
C-12 Super King Air, B200
OV-10 Bronco
U-6A Beaver
C-23A Sherpa
Skyservant
U-8F Seminole, Queen Air
King Air
PC-7
UV-18A Twin Otter
O-1 Bird Dog
An-2 COLT (ANTONOV)
GENERAL DATA
Countries of Origin. CIS (formerly USSR), Poland.
Similar Aircraft. U-6A Beaver, OV-1 Mohawk, OV-10 Bronco
Crew. Two.
Role. Light-transport (10 equipped troops), general utility.
Armament. Usually none.
Dimensions. Length: 41 ft, 9 in (12.75 m). Span: 59 ft, 8 in (18.19 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. Biplane and rectangular-shaped with curved tips. One high-mounted and one low-mounted
(shorter), connected and braced by two struts.
Engine(s). One radial piston engine (some versions are turboprop) mounted in the nose.
Fuselage. Short and thick with solid, blunt nose. Stepped cockpit. Fixed landing gear.
Tail. Fin tapered with large, round tip. Flats are low-mounted on the tail fin and rectangular-shaped with
curved tips.
USER COUNTRIES
Afghanistan, Albania (Y-5), Angola, Benin, Bulgaria, Cambodia, CIS, Cuba, Germany, Iraq, Laos, Mali,
Mongolia, Nicaragua, North Korea, People’s Republic of China (Y-5), Poland, Romania, Tanzania,
Vietnam.
C-12 SUPER KING AIR, B200 (BEECHCRAFT)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. USA.
Similar Aircraft. King Air, U-8F Seminole (Queen Air).
Crew. One or two.
Role. Utility, light-transport, surveillance.
Armament. Usually none.
Dimensions. Length: 43 ft, 9 in (13.32 m). Span: 54 ft, 6 in (16.6 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. Low-mounted, straight to engines, and equally tapered from engines to blunt tips. Positive slant.
Engine(s). Two turboprops mounted in and extending forward of the wings’ leading edges.
Fuselage. Long, tubular, and tapered to the rear and nose. Stepped cockpit.
Tail. Swept-back and tapered tail flats with blunt tips and high-mounted on a swept-back tail fin forming
a T. Fairing in leading edge.
USER COUNTRIES
Algeria, Argentina, Bolivia, Greece, Guatemala, Guyana, Ireland, Ivory Coast, Peru, Sri Lanka,
Thailand, Uruguay, USA, Venezuela.
C-23A SHERPA (SHORTS)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. UK.
Similar Aircraft. Aviocar C-212, Skyvan 3M, OV-10 Bronco, OV-1 Mohawk.
Crew. Two plus flight mechanic.
Role. Utility transport (nine passengers, vehicles).
Armament. None.
Dimensions. Length: 58 ft (17.7 m). Span: 74 ft, 8 in (22.76 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. High-mounted and rectangular with blunt tips. Struts between wings and landing gear.
Engine(s). Twin turboprops mounted in pods under the leading edges of the wings.
Fuselage. Slabsided. Rectangular from fuselage to tail. Rounded nose. Stepped cockpit.
Tail. Rectangular fins with blunt tips. Fins are mounted on the tips of the flats. Flat is rectangular and
high-mounted on the body.
USER COUNTRIES
Thailand, UK, USA.
KING AIR (BEECHCRAFT)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. USA.
Similar Aircraft. C-12 Super King Air, U-8 Seminole (Queen Air).
Crew. Two.
Role. Light-transport (16 seats, utility).
Armament. Usually none.
Dimensions. Length: 39 ft, 8 in (12 m). Span: 45 ft, 10 in (14 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. Low-mounted and equally tapered outboard of engines with blunt tips. Wide wing roots. Positive
slant.
Engine(s). Two turboprops mounted in and extending forward of the wings’ leading edges.
Fuselage. Long, tubular, and tapered tail and nose. Stepped cockpit.
Tail. Flats unequally tapered with blunt tips mid-mounted on body with a positive slant. Swept-back and
tapered fin with square tip.
USER COUNTRIES
Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Israel, Jamaica, Japan, Mexico, Morocco, Peru, Sweden, Thailand, USA,
Venezuela.
O-1 BIRD DOG (CESSNA)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. USA.
Similar Aircraft. S.F. 260W.
Crew. One.
Role. Light-reconnaissance, liaison, training.
Armament. Normally unarmed.
Dimensions. Length: 25 ft, 10 in (7.9 m). Span: 36 ft (11 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. High-mounted, straight to midwing, and unequally tapered from midwing to blunt tips.
Engine(s). One piston engine mounted in nose.
Fuselage. Cigar-shaped and tapered to the rear section. Blunt nose. Stepped, glassed-in cockpit. Fixed
landing gear.
Tail. Fin is rounded. Flats mounted high on the body and are round and butterfly-shaped.
USER COUNTRIES
Austria, Indonesia, Italy, Norway, Pakistan, South Korea, Taiwan, Turkey, Thailand, USA.
O-2 SKYMASTER (CESSNA)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. USA.
Similar Aircraft. Skymaster, 335 Model, not in this manual.
Crew. Two.
Role. Observation, liaison, forward air control, psychological warfare.
Armament. Miniguns, rockets.
Dimensions. Length: 29 ft, 9 in (9.6 m). Span: 38 ft, 3 in (11.64 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. High-mounted with straight leading edges and forward-tapered trailing edges from midwing to
blunt tips.
Engine(s). Two piston engines, one on the nose and one on the rear of the body.
Fuselage. Stubby, box-like with propellers at each end. Stepped, glassed-in cockpit. Rear of body
upswept to tail booms.
Tail. Rectangular tail flat at end of twin tail booms. Swept-back tail fins with blunt tips at tips of tail flat.
Fins extend above and below tail flat.
USER COUNTRIES
Central African Republic, Chad, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Guinea-Bissau,
Iran, Jamaica, Mauritania, Nicaragua, Niger, Portugal, Sri Lanka, Togo, USA, Venezuela.
OV-10 BRONCO (ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. USA.
Similar Aircraft. OV-1 Mohawk, C-23A Sherpa.
Crew. Two.
Role. Armed reconnaissance; forward air control; quick-response, ground-support.
Armament. Machine guns, rockets, bombs.
Dimensions. Length: 41 ft, 7 in (12.70 m). Span: 40 ft (12.20 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. High-mounted and rectangular with square tips.
Engine(s). Two turboprops in booms under wings.
Fuselage. Short and oval with glassed-in, stepped canopy.
Tail. Twin tail booms with swept-back fin on each boom. Rectangular tail flat that connects the tail fins
at the top.
USER COUNTRIES
Indonesia, Morocco, Thailand, USA, Venezuela.
SKYSERVANT (DORNIER)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. Germany.
Similar Aircraft. UV-18 Twin Otter.
Crew. Two.
Role. STOL light-transport, cargo (fourteen equipped troops).
Armament. Usually none.
Dimensions. Length: 37 ft, 5 in (11.4 m). Span: 51 ft (15.56 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. High-mounted and rectangular with square tips.
Engine(s). Two piston engines mounted on tips of stubby attachments on lower body. Some are equipped
with turboprop engines.
Fuselage. Box-like and tapered to the rear section. Rounded nose and stepped cockpit. Fixed wheel
landing gear with streamlined covers.
Tail. Rectangular tail flats mid-mounted on body with square tips. Fin is unequally tapered with a square
tip.
USER COUNTRIES
Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Germany, India, Israel, Kenya, Malawi, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Oman,
Rwanda, Somalia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, Zambia.
PC-7 (PILATUS)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. Switzerland.
Similar Aircraft. L-39 Albatross, SF.260W Warrior.
Crew. Two-seat.
Role. Turbo-trainer, aerobatic, light attack.
Armament. Six pylons for weapons.
Dimensions. Length: 32 ft, 1 in (9.78 m). Span: 34 ft, 1 in (10.40 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. Low-mounted, unequally tapered with blunt tips. Positive slant.
Engine(s). Single, turboprop, mounted in the nose section. Air intake beneath a bullet nose.
Fuselage. Oval, tapers to front and rear.
Tail. Tapered tail fin with fairing and square tip. Flats high-mounted and equally tapered with offset
square tips.
USER COUNTRIES
Abu Dhabi, Angola, Austria, Bolivia, Burma, Chile, France, Guatamala, Iran, Iraq, Malaysia, Mexico,
Netherlands, Switzerland.
SKYVAN 3M (SHORTS)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. UK.
Similar Aircraft. An-14 Clod, An-28 Cash (neither shown in this manual).
Crew. One.
Role. STOL transport, cargo (twenty equipped troops, light vehicles), airdrop.
Armament. Usually none.
Dimensions. Length: 40 ft (12.22 m). Span: 65 ft (19.8 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. High-mounted and rectangular-shaped with blunt tips.
Engine(s). Two piston or turboprop engines mounted under and extending beyond the wings’ leading
edges.
Fuselage. Thick, box-like, and flat-bottomed. Rounded nose with flush cockpit. Fixed landing gear.
Upswept rear section.
Tail. Twin rectangular tail fins with blunt tips mounted on the tips of a rectangular flat. Fins extend
above and below the flat.
USER COUNTRIES
Austria, Botswana, Ghana, Guyana, Indonesia, Japan, Malawi, Mauritania, Mexico, Nepal, North
Yemen, Oman, Singapore, South Africa, UK, USA.
U-6A BEAVER (DE HAVILLAND CANADA)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. Canada (DHC-2).
Similar Aircraft. An-2 Colt.
Crew. Two.
Role. Light-cargo, transport (five equipped troops).
Armament. Usually none.
Dimensions. Length: 30 ft, 4 in (9.24 m). Span: 48 ft (14.64 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION
Wings. High-mounted and rectangular with blunt tips.
Engine(s). One piston engine in nose section. Later models have a turboprop engine.
Fuselage. Club-shaped fuselage with blunt nose and sharply tapered tail section. Stepped cockpit.
Tail. Flats high-mounted on body and equally tapered with blunt tips. Fin is rounded.
USER COUNTRIES
Canada, Colombia, Haiti, USA.
U-8F SEMINOLE, QUEEN AIR (BEECHCRAFT)
GENERAL DATA
Country of Origin. USA
Similar Aircraft. C-12 Super King Air, King Air.
Crew. Two.
Role. Light-transport (eight equipped troops).
Armament. Usually none.
Dimensions. Length: 35 ft, 6 in (10.82 m). Span: 50 ft, 3 in (15.32 m).
WEFT DESCRIPTION

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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