FM 3-24 COUNTERINSURGENCY (DECEMBER 2006) - page 7

 

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FM 3-24 COUNTERINSURGENCY (DECEMBER 2006) - page 7

 

 

Glossary
HUMINT
human intelligence
IGO
intergovernmental organization
IMET
international military education and training
IMINT
imagery intelligence
IO
information operations
IPB
intelligence preparation of the battelfield
ISR
intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance
JIACG
joint interagency coordination group
JP
joint publication
LLO
logical line of operations
LOC
line of communications
MACV
Military Assistance Command, Vietnam
MASINT
measurement and signature intelligence
MCDP
Marine Corps doctrinal publication
MCIP
Marine Corps interim publication
MCO
Marine Corps order
MCRP
Marine Corps reference publication
MCWP
Marine Corps warfighting publication
MEDEVAC
medical evacuation
METT-TC
A memory aid for mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and
support available, time available, civil considerations used in two
contexts: (1) In the context of information management, the major
subject categories into which relevant information is grouped for
military operations (FM 6-0); (2) In the context of tactics, the major
factors considered during mission analysis (FM 3-90). [Note: The
Marine Corps uses METT-T: mission, enemy, terrain and weather,
troops and support available, time available.]
MNSTC-I
Multinational Security Transition Command-Iraq
MOE
measure of effectiveness
MOP
measure of performance
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NCO
noncommissioned officer
NGO
nongovernmental organization
NSC
National Security Council
OCS
officer candidate school
OSINT
open-source intelligence
PIR
priority intelligence requirement
PRC
purchase request and committal
PRT
provincial reconstruction team
ROE
rules of engagement
S-2
intelligence staff officer
S-4
logistics staff officer
SIGINT
signals intelligence
Glossary-2
FM 3-24/MCWP 3-33.5
15 December 2006
Glossary
SNA
social network analysis
SOF
special operations forces
SROE
standing rules of engagement
TAREX
target exploitation
UN
United Nations
U.S.
United States
USA
United States Army
USAID
United States Agency for International Development
USMC
United States Marine Corps
SECTION II - TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
all-source intelligence
(joint) Intelligence products and/or organizations and activities that incorporate all sources of informa-
tion, most frequently including human resources intelligence, imagery intelligence, measurement and
signature intelligence, signals intelligence, and open-source data in the production of finished intelli-
gence. (JP 1-02)
area of interest
(joint) That area of concern to the commander, including the area of influence, areas adjacent thereto,
and extending into enemy territory to the objectives of current or planned operations. This area also
includes areas occupied by enemy forces who could jeopardize the accomplishment of the mission.
(JP 1-02)
area of operations
(joint) An operational area defined by the joint force commander for land and maritime forces. Areas
of operations do not typically encompass the entire operational area of the joint force commander, but
should be large enough for component commanders to accomplish their missions and protect their
forces. (JP 1-02)
area security
A form of security operations conducted to protect friendly forces, installation routes, and actions
within a specific area. (FM 3-90)
assessment
(Army) The continuous monitoring and evaluation of the current situation and progress of an
operation. (FMI 5-0.1)
board
A temporary grouping of selected staff representatives delegated decision authority for a particular
purpose or function. (FMI 5-0.1)
center of gravity
(joint) The source of power that provides moral or physical strength, freedom of action, or will to act.
(JP 1-02)
civil considerations
How the manmade infrastructure, civilian institutions, and attitudes and activities of the civilian
leaders, populations, and organizations within an area of operations influence the conduct of military
operations. (FM 6-0) See also METT-TC.
clear
(Army) A tactical mission task that requires the commander to remove all enemy forces and eliminate
organized resistance in an assigned area. (FM 3-90)
15 December 2006
FM 3-24/MCWP 3-33.5
Glossary-3
Glossary
coalition
(joint) An ad hoc arrangement between two or more nations for common action. (JP 1-02)
combatant commander
(joint) A commander of one of the unified or specified combatant commands established by the
President. (JP 1-02)
command and control system
(joint) The facilities, equipment, communications, procedures, and personnel essential to a commander
for planning, directing, and controlling operations of assigned forces pursuant to the missions
assigned. (JP 1-02) (Army) The arrangement of personnel, information management, procedures, and
equipment and facilities essential for the commander to conduct operations. (FM 6-0)
commander’s intent
(Army) A clear, concise statement of what the force must do and the conditions the force must meet to
succeed with respect to the enemy, terrain, and civil considerations that represent the operation’s
desired end state. (FMI 5-0.1) (Marine Corps) A commander’s clear, concise articulation of the
purpose(s) behind one or more tasks assigned to a subordinate. It is one of two parts of every mission
statement which guides the exercise of initiative in the absence of instructions. (MCRP 5-12A)
commander’s visualization
The mental process of developing situational understanding, determining a desired end state, and
envisioning how the force will achieve that end state. (FMI 5-0.1)
command post cell
A grouping of personnel and equipment by warfighting function or purpose to facilitate command and
control during operations. (FMI 5-0.1)
common operational picture
(joint) A single identical display of relevant information shared by more than one command. A
common operational picture facilitates collaborative planning and assists all echelons to achieve
situational awareness. (JP 1-02) (Army) An operational picture tailored to the user’s requirements,
based on common data and information shared by more than one command. (FM 3-0)
counterinsurgency
(joint) Those military, paramilitary, political, economic, psychological, and civic actions taken by a
government to defeat insurgency. (JP 1-02)
counterintelligence
(joint) Information gathered and activities conducted to protect against espionage, other intelligence
activities, sabotage, or assassinations conducted by or on behalf of foreign governments or elements
thereof, foreign organizations, or foreign persons, or international terrorist activities. (JP 1-02)
(Army) Counterintelligence counters or neutralizes intelligence collection efforts through collection,
counterintelligence investigations, operations, analysis and production, and functional and technical
services. Counterintelligence includes all actions taken to detect, identify, exploit, and neutralize the
multidiscipline intelligence activities of friends, competitors, opponents, adversaries, and enemies; and
is the key intelligence community contributor to protect United States interests and equities. (FM 2-0)
counterterrorism
(joint) Operations that include the offensive measures taken to prevent, deter, preempt, and respond to
terrorism. (JP 1-02)
decisive point
(joint) A geographic place, specific key event, critical system or function that, when acted upon,
allows commanders to gain a marked advantage over an enemy or contribute materially to achieving
success. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-4
FM 3-24/MCWP 3-33.5
15 December 2006
Glossary
dislocated civilian
(joint) A broad term that includes a displaced person, an evacuee, an expellee, an internally displaced
person, a migrant, a refugee, or a stateless person. (JP 1-02)
end state
(joint) The set of required conditions that defines achievement of the commander’s objectives.
(JP 1-02)
execute
To put a plan into action by applying combat power to accomplish the mission and using situational
understanding to assess progress and make execution and adjustment decisions. (FM 6-0)
foreign internal defense
(joint) Participation by civilian and military agencies of a government in any of the action programs
taken by another government or other designated organization to free and protect its society from
subversion, lawlessness, and insurgency. (JP 1-02)
forward operations base
(joint) In special operations, a base usually located in friendly territory or afloat that is established to
extend command and control or communications or to provide support for training and tactical oper-
ations. Facilities may be established for temporary or longer duration operations and may include an
airfield or an unimproved airstrip, an anchorage, or a pier. A forward operations base may be the loca-
tion of special operations component headquarters or a smaller unit that is controlled and/or supported
by a main operations base. (JP 1-02) [Note: Army special operations forces term is “forward opera-
tional base.”]
full spectrum operations
The range of operations Army forces conduct in war and military operations other than war. (FM 3-0)
[Note: A new definition for this term is being staffed for the revision of FM 3-0. Upon publication of
FM 3-0, the definition it contains will replace this definition.]
host nation
(joint) A nation that receives the forces and/or supplies of allied nations, coalition partners, and/or
NATO organizations to be located on, to operate in, or to transit through its territory. (JP 1-02)
human intelligence
(Army) The collection of information by a trained human intelligence collector from people and their
associated documents and media sources to identify elements, intentions, composition, strength,
dispositions, tactics, equipment, personnel, and capabilities (FM 2-22.3). [Note: Trained HUMINT
collectors are Soldiers holding military occupational specialties 97E, 351Y {formerly 351C}, 351M
{formerly 351E}, 35E, and 35F, and Marines holding the specialty 0251.]
information environment
(joint) The aggregate of individuals, organizations or systems that collect, process, or disseminate or
act on information. (JP 1-02)
information operations
(joint) The integrated employment of the core capabilities of eletronic warfare, computer network
operations, psychological operations, military deception, and operations security, in concert with
specified supporting and relted capabilities, to influence, disrupt, corrupt, or usurp adversarial human
and automated decision making while protecting our own. (JP 1-02) (Army) The employment of the
core capabilities of electronic warfare, computer network operations, psychological operations, mili-
tary deception, and operations security, in concert with specified supporting and related capabilities, to
affect and defend information and information systems and to influence decisionmaking. (FM 3-13)
insurgency
(joint) An organized movement aimed at the overthrow of a constituted government through the use of
subversion and armed conflict. (JP 1-02)
15 December 2006
FM 3-24/MCWP 3-33.5
Glossary-5
Glossary
intelligence discipline
(joint) A well-defined area of intelligence collection, processing, exploitation, and reporting using a
specific category of technical or human resources. There are seven major disciplines: human intelli-
gence, imagery intelligence, measurement and signature intelligence, signals intelligence, open-source
intelligence, technical intelligence, and counterintelligence. [Note: The Army definition replaces “all-
source analysis and production” with “open-source intelligence.”] (JP 1-02)
intelligence preparation of the battlefield
The systematic, continuous process of analyzing the threat and environment in a specific geographic
area. Intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB) is designed to support the staff estimate and
military decision-making process. Most intelligence requirements are generated as a result of the IPB
process and its interrelation with the decision-making process. (FM 34-130)
interagency coordination
(joint) Within the context of Department of Defense involvement, the coordination that occurs
between elements of Department of Defense and engaged U.S. Government agencies for the purpose
of achieving an objective. (JP 1-02)
intergovernmental organization
(joint) An organization created by a formal agreement (e.g. a treaty) between two or more govern-
ments. It may be established on a global, regional, or functional basis for wide-ranging or narrowly
defined purposes. Formed to protect and promote national interests shared by member states. Exam-
ples include the United Nations, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and the African Union. (JP 1-02)
intuitive decisionmaking
(Army-Marine Corps) The act of reaching a conclusion which emphasizes pattern recognition based
on knowledge, judgment, experience, education, intelligence, boldness, perception, and character. This
approach focuses on assessment of the situation vice comparison of multiple options. (FM 6-0;
MCRP 5-12A)
line of communications
(joint) A route, either land, water, and/or air, that connects an operating military force with a base of
operations and along which supplies and military forces move. (JP 1-02)
line of operations
(joint) 1. A logical line that connects actions on nodes and/or decisive points related in time and
purpose with an objective(s). 2. A physical line that defines the interior or exterior orientation of the
force in relation to the enemy or that connects actions on nodes and/or decisive points related in time
and space to an objective(s). (JP 1-02)
measure of effectiveness
(joint) A criterion used to assess changes in system behavior, capability, or operational environment
that is tied to measuring the attainment of an end state, achievement of an objective, or creation of an
effect. (JP 1-02)
measure of performance
(joint) A criterion to assess friendly actions that is tied to measuring task accomplishment. (JP 1-02)
mission command
The conduct of military operations through decentralized execution based upon mission orders for
effective mission accomplishment. Successful mission command results from subordinate leaders at all
echelons exercising disciplined initiative within the commander’s intent to accomplish missions. It
requires an environment of trust and mutual understanding. (FM 6-0)
narrative
The central mechanism, expressed in story form, through which ideologies are expressed and
absorbed.
Glossary-6
FM 3-24/MCWP 3-33.5
15 December 2006
Glossary
nongovernmental organization
(joint) A private, self-governing, not-for-profit organization dedicated to alleviating human suffering;
and/or promoting education, health care, economic development, environmental protection, human
rights, and conflict resolution; and/or encouraging the establishment of democratic institutions and
civil society. (JP 1-02)
open-source intelligence
(joint) Information of potential intelligence value that is available to the general public. (JP 1-02)
operating tempo
The annual operating miles or hours for the major equipment system in a battalion-level or equivalent
organization. Commanders use operating tempo to forecast and allocate funds for fuel and repair parts
for training events and programs. (FM 7-0) [Usually OPTEMPO.]
operational environment
(joint) A composite of the conditions, circumstances, and influences that affect the employment of
capabilities and bear on the decisions of the commander. (JP 1-02)
operational picture
A single display of relevant information within a commander’s area of interest. (FM 3-0)
personnel tempo
The time a service member is deployed. [Usually PERSTEMPO.]
planning
The process by which commanders (and staffs, if available) translate the commander’s visualization into a
specific course of action for preparation and execution, focusing on the expected results. (FMI 5-0.1)
preparation
Activities by the unit before execution to improve its ability to conduct the operation, including, but
not limited to, the following: plan refinement, rehearsals, reconnaissance, coordination, inspection, and
movement. (FM 3-0)
reachback
(joint) The process of obtaining products, services, and applications, or forces, or equipment, or
material from organizations that are not forward deployed. (JP 1-02)
riverine area
(joint) An inland or coastal area comprising both land and water, characterized by limited land lines of
communications, with extensive water surface and/or inland waterways that provide natural routes for
surface transportation and communications. (JP 1-02)
rules of engagement
(joint) Directives issued by competent military authority that delineate the circumstances and
limitations under which United States forces will initiate and/or continue combat engagement with
other forces encountered. (JP 1-02)
running estimate
A staff section’s continuous assessment of current and future operations to determine if the current
operation is proceeding according to the commander’s intent and if future operations are supportable.
(FMI 5-0.1)
security
(joint) 1. Measures taken by a military unit, an activity or installation to protect itself against all acts
designed to, or which may, impair its effectiveness. 2. A condition that results from the establishment
and maintenance of protective measures that ensure a state of inviolability from hostile acts or
influences. (JP 1-02)
15 December 2006
FM 3-24/MCWP 3-33.5
Glossary-7
Glossary
situational awareness
Knowledge of the immediate present environment, including knowledge of the factors of METT-TC.
(FMI 5-0.1)
situational understanding
(Army) The product of applying analysis and judgment to the common operational picture to deter-
mine the relationship among the factors of METT-TC. (FM 3-0) (Marine Corps) Knowledge and
understanding of the current situation which promotes timely, relevant, and accurate assessment of
friendly, enemy, and other operations within the battlespace in order to facilitate decisionmaking. An
informational perspective and skill that foster an ability to determine quickly the context and relevance
of events that are unfolding. (MCRP 5-12A)
stability operations
(joint) An overarching term encompassing various military missions, tasks, and activities conducted
outside the United States in coordination with other instruments of national power to maintain or
reestablish a safe and secure environment, provide essential governmental services, emergency
infrastructure reconstruction, and humanitarian relief. (JP 1-02)
staff estimate
See running estimate.
status of forces agreement
(joint) An agreement that defines the legal position of a visiting military force deployed in the territory
of a friendly state. Agreements delineating the status of visiting military forces may be bilateral or
multilateral. Provisions pertaining to the status of visiting forces may be set forth in a separate agree-
ment, or they may form a part of a more comprehensive agreement. These provisions describe how the
authorities of a visiting force may control members of that force and the amenability of the force or its
members to the local law or to the authority of local officials. To the extent that agreements delineate
matters affecting the relations between a military force and civilian authorities and population, they
may be considered as civil affairs agreements. (JP 1-02)
strike
(joint) An attack to damage or destroy an objective or capability. (JP 1-02)
subordinates’ initiative
The assumption of responsibility for deciding and initiating independent actions when the concept of
operations or order no longer applies or when an unanticipated opportunity leading to the
accomplishment of the commander’s intent presents itself. (FM 6-0)
tempo
(Army) The rate of military action. (FM 3-0) (Marine Corps) The relative speed and rhythm of military
operations over time with respect to the enemy. (MCRP 5-12A)
theater of war
(joint) Defined by the Secretary of Defense or the geographic combatant commander, the area of air,
land, and water that is, or may become, directly involved in the conduct of the war. A theater of war
does not normally encompass the geographic combatant commander’s entire area of responsibility and
may contain more than one theater of operations. (JP 1-02)
warfighting function
A group of tasks and systems (people, organizations, information, and processes) united by a common
purpose that commanders use to accomplish missions and training objectives. (FMI 5-0.1)
working group
A temporary grouping of predetermined staff representatives who meet to coordinate and provide
recommendations for a particular purpose or function. (FMI 5-0.1)
Glossary-8
FM 3-24/MCWP 3-33.5
15 December 2006
Annotated Bibliography
This bibliography is a tool for Army and Marine Corps leaders to help them increase
their knowledge of insurgency and counterinsurgency. Reading what others have
written provides a foundation that leaders can use to assess counterinsurgency situa-
tions and make appropriate decisions. The books and articles that follow are not the
only good ones on this subject. The field is vast and rich. They are, however, some of
the more useful for Soldiers and Marines. (Web sites were accessed during December
2006.)
THE CLASSICS
Calwell, Charles E. Small Wars: Their Principles and Practice. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska
Press, 1996. (Reprint of Small Wars: A Tactical Textbook for Imperial Soldiers [London:
Greenhill Books, 1890]. A British major general who fought in small wars in Afghanistan and
the Boer War provides lessons learned that remain applicable today.)
Galula, David. Counterinsurgency Warfare: Theory and Practice. London: Praeger, 1964. (Lessons
derived from the author’s observation of insurgency and counterinsurgency in Greece, China,
and Algeria.)
Gurr, Ted Robert. Why Men Rebel. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1971. (Describes the
relative deprivation theory, which states that unmet expectations motivate those who join
rebel movements.)
Hoffer, Eric. The True Believer: Thoughts on the Nature of Mass Movements. New York: Harper
Perennial Modern Classics, 2002. (This book, originally published in 1951, explains why
people become members of cults and similar groups.)
Horne, Alistair. A Savage War of Peace. New York: Viking, 1977. (One of the best analyses of the
approaches and problems on both sides during the war in Algeria. For more on this conflict,
see The Battle of Algiers, a troubling and instructive 1966 movie.)
Jeapes, Tony. SAS Secret War. London: Greenhill Books, 2005. (How the British Special Air Service
raised and employed irregular tribal forces to counter a communist insurgency in Oman
during the 1960s and 1970s.)
Kitson, Frank. Low Intensity Operations: Subversion, Insurgency and Peacekeeping. London: Faber
and Faber, 1971. (Explanation of the British school of counterinsurgency from one of its best
practitioners.)
Komer, Robert. Bureaucracy Does Its Thing: Institutional Constraints on U.S.-GVN Performance in
Vietnam. Washington, D.C.: RAND, 1972. Rand Corporation Web site
< http://www.rand.org/pubs/reports/R967/ > (Bureaucracies do what they do—even if they
lose the war.)
Larteguy, Jean. The Centurions. New York: Dutton, 1962. (A fact-based novel about the French
experience in Vietnam and Algeria that depicts the leadership and ethical dilemmas involved
in counterinsurgency. The sequel The Praetorians is also a classic depiction of the impact of
ethical erosion on a military organization.)
Lawrence, T.E. Seven Pillars of Wisdom: A Triumph. New York: Anchor, 1991. (Reprint of 1917
book published in London by George Doran. Autobiographical account of Lawrence of
Arabia’s attempts to organize Arab nationalism during World War I.)
15 December 2006
FM 3-24/MCWP 3-33.5
Annotated Bibliography-1
Annotated Bibliography
———. “The 27 Articles of T.E. Lawrence.” The Arab Bulletin (20 Aug 1917). Defense and the
National Interest Web site < http://www.d-n-i.net/fcs/lawrence_27_articles.htm > (Much of
the best of Seven Pillars of Wisdom in easily digestible bullet points.)
Linn, Brian McAllister. The Philippine War, 1899-1902. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas,
2002. (The definitive treatment of successful U.S. counterinsurgency operations in the
Philippines.)
Mao Zedong. On Guerrilla Warfare. London: Cassell, 1965. (Mao describes the principles which he
used so well in seizing power in China and which have inspired many imitators.)
McCuen, John J. The Art of Counter-Revolutionary War. St. Petersburg, FL: Hailer Publishing, 2005.
(Originally published by Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1966. Discusses theory, practice,
and historical keys to victory.)
Race, Jeffrey. War Comes to Long An: Revolutionary Conflict in a Vietnamese Province. Berkeley,
CA: University of California Press, 1972. (Counterinsurgency is scalable. Depicts the
evolution of insurgency in one province in Vietnam.)
Thompson, Robert. Defeating Communist Insurgency. St. Petersburg, FL: Hailer Publishing, 2005.
(Written in 1966. Provides lessons from the author’s counterinsurgency experience in Malaya
and Vietnam.)
Trinquier, Roger. Modern Warfare: A French View of Counterinsurgency. New York: Praeger, 1964.
(The French school of counterinsurgency with a focus on “whatever means necessary.”)
United States Marine Corps. Small Wars Manual. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office,
1987. Air War College Gateway to the Internet Web site < http://www.au.af.mil/au/ > (This
book, originally published in 1940, covers lessons learned from the Corps’ experience in the
interwar years.)
West, Bing. The Village. New York: Pocket Books, 1972. (A first-person account of military advisors
embedded with Vietnamese units.)
OVERVIEWS AND SPECIAL SUBJECTS IN COUNTERINSURGENCY
Asprey, Robert. War in the Shadows: The Guerrilla in History. 2 vols. New York: William Morrow,
1994. (First published in 1975. Presents the history of guerrilla war from ancient Persia to
modern Afghanistan.)
Baker, Ralph O. “The Decisive Weapon: A Brigade Combat Team Commander’s Perspective on
Information Operations.” Military Review 86, 3 (May-Jun 2006), 13-32. (A brigade combat
team commander in Iraq in 2003-2004 gives his perspective on information operations.)
Corum, James and Wray Johnson. Airpower in Small Wars: Fighting Insurgents and Terrorists.
Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 2003. (Depicts uses and limits of airpower and
technology in counterinsurgency.)
Davidson, Phillip. Secrets of the Vietnam War. Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1990. (MACV commander
General Westmoreland’s intelligence officer provides an insightful analysis of the intricacies
of the North Vietnamese strategy of dau tranh [“the struggle”].)
Ellis, John. From the Barrel of a Gun: A History of Guerrilla, Revolutionary, and Counter-insurgency
Warfare from the Romans to the Present. London: Greenhill, 1995. (A comprehensive short
overview of counterinsurgency.)
Hammes, T.X. The Sling and the Stone: On War in the 21st Century. Osceola, WI: Zenith Press, 2004.
(The future of warfare for the West is insurgency and terror according to a Marine with
Operation Iraqi Freedom experience.)
Krepinevich, Andrew Jr. The Army and Vietnam. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986.
(Argues that the Army never adapted to the insurgency in Vietnam, preferring to fight the war
as a conventional conflict with an emphasis on firepower.)
Annotated Bibliography-2
FM 3-24/MCWP 3-33.5
15 December 2006
Annotated Bibliography
Merom, Gil. How Democracies Lose Small Wars: State, Society, and the Failures of France in
Algeria, Israel in Lebanon, and the United States in Vietnam. New York: Cambridge
University Press, 2003. (Examines the cases of Algeria, Lebanon, and Vietnam. Determines
that great powers lose small wars when they lose public support at home.)
Nagl, John A. Learning to Eat Soup with a Knife: Counterinsurgency Lessons from Malaya and
Vietnam. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005. (How to learn to defeat an insurgency.
Foreword by Peter J. Schoomaker.)
O’Neill, Bard E. Insurgency and Terrorism: From Revolution to Apocalypse. Dulles, VA: Potomac
Books, 2005. (A framework for analyzing insurgency operations and a good first book in
insurgency studies.)
Sepp, Kalev I. “Best Practices in Counterinsurgency.” Military Review 85, 3 (May-Jun 2005), 8-12.
(Historical best practices for success in counterinsurgency.)
Shy, John and Thomas W. Collier. “Revolutionary War” in Peter Paret, ed. Makers of Modern
Strategy: From Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press, 1986.
(One of the best overview of the various counterinsurgency schools, discussing both the
writings and the contexts in which they were developed.)
Sorley, Lewis. A Better War: The Unexamined Victories and Final Tragedy of America’s Last Years in
Vietnam. New York: Harvest/HBJ, 2000. (Describes the impact of General Creighton Abrams
on the conduct of the war in South Vietnam. While he improved unity of effort in
counterinsurgency, the North Vietnamese were successfully focusing on facilitating
American withdrawal by targeting will in the United States.)
Taber, Robert. War of the Flea: The Classic Study of Guerrilla Warfare. Dulles, VA: Potomac Books,
2002. (Explains the advantages of the insurgent and how to overcome them.)
CONTEMPORARY EXPERIENCES AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM
Alwin-Foster, Nigel R.F. “Changing the Army for Counterinsurgency Operations.” Military Review
85, 6 (Nov-Dec 2005), 2-15. (A provocative look at U.S. counterinsurgency operations in
Iraq in 2003-2004 from a British practitioner.)
Barno, David W. “Challenges in Fighting a Global Insurgency.” Parameters 36, 2 (Summer 2006),
15-29. (Observations from a three-star commander in Afghanistan.)
Chiarelli, Peter W. and Patrick R. Michaelis. “Winning the Peace: The Requirement for Full-Spectrum
Operations,” Military Review 85, 4 (Jul-Aug 2005), 4-17. (The commander of Task Force
Baghdad in 2004 describes his lessons learned.)
Collins, Joseph J. “Afghanistan: Winning a Three Block War.” The Journal of Conflict Studies 24, 2
(Winter 2004), 61-77. (The former deputy assistant secretary of defense for stability
operations provides his views on achieving success in Afghanistan.)
Crane, Conrad and W. Andrew Terrill. Reconstructing Iraq: Insights, Challenges, and Missions for
Military Forces in a Post-conflict Scenario. Carlisle Barracks, PA: U.S. Army War College,
2003. < http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs > (Prescient look at the demands
of rebuilding a state after changing a regime.)
Filkins, Dexter. “What the War Did to Colonel Sassaman.” The New York Times Magazine (23 Oct
2005), 92. (Case study of a talented 4th Infantry Division battalion commander in Iraq in
2003-2004 who made some questionable ethical decisions that ended his career.)
Gunaratna, Rohan. Inside Al Qaeda: Global Network of Terror. Berkeley, CA: University of Berkeley
Press, 2003. (The story behind the rise of the transnational insurgency.)
Hoffman, Bruce. Insurgency and Counterinsurgency in Iraq. Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 2004. Rand
Corporation Web site < http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP127/ > (Analysis of
America’s efforts in Iraq in 2003 informed by good history and theory.)
Kepel, Gilles. The War for Muslim Minds: Islam and the West. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2004.
(A French explanation for the rise of Islamic extremism with suggestions for defeating it.)
15 December 2006
FM 3-24/MCWP 3-33.5
Annotated Bibliography-3
Annotated Bibliography
Kilcullen, David. “Countering Global Insurgency: A Strategy for the War on Terrorism.” Journal of
Strategic Studies 28, 4 (Aug 2005), 597-617. (Describes the war on terrorism as a
counterinsurgency campaign.)
———. “‘Twenty-Eight Articles’: Fundamentals of Company-level Counterinsurgency.” Military
Review 86, 3 (May-Jun 2006), 103-108. (Australian counterinsurgent prescribes actions for
captains in counterinsurgency campaigns.)
———. “Counterinsurgency Redux,” Survival 48, 4 (Winter 2006-2007), 111-130. (Discusses
insurgency’s evolution from the classic Maoist form to the modern transnational, shifting
coalitions that challenge the United States today.)
Lewis, Bernard. The Crisis of Islam: Holy War and Unholy Terror. New York: Modern Library, 2003.
(A controversial but important analysis of the philosophical origins of transnational
insurgency.)
McFate, Montgomery. “Iraq: The Social Context of IEDs.” Military Review 85, 3 (May-Jun 2005),
37-40. (The insurgents’ best weapon doesn’t grow next to roads—it’s constructed and
planted there. Understanding who does that, and why, helps defeat improvised explosive
devices.)
Metz, Steven and Raymond Millen, Insurgency and Counterinsurgency in the 21st Century:
Reconceptualizing Threat and Response. Carlisle Barracks, PA: U.S. Army War College,
2004. (Longtime scholars of counterinsurgency put the war on terrorism in historical context.)
Multi-national Force-Iraq. “Counterinsurgency Handbook,” 1st ed. Camp Taji, Iraq:
Counterinsurgency Center for Excellence, May, 2006. (Designed to help leaders at all levels
conduct counterinsurgency operations but focused at the company, platoon, and squad levels.
Contains a variety of principles, considerations, and checklists.)
Packer, George. The Assassins’ Gate: America in Iraq. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005.
(A journalist for The New Yorker talks to Iraqis and Americans about Operation Iraqi
Freedom.)
———. “The Lesson of Tal Afar: Is It Too Late for the Administration to Correct Its Course in Iraq?”
The New Yorker (10 Apr 2006), 48-65. (The 2005 success of the 3d Armored Cavalry
Regiment with the clear-hold-build tactic in Tal Afar.)
Petraeus, David. “Learning Counterinsurgency: Observations from Soldiering in Iraq.” Military
Review 86, 1 (Jan-Feb 2006), 2-12. (Commander of the 101st and Multinational Security
Transition Command-Iraq passes on his personal lessons learned from two years in Iraq.)
Sageman, Marc. Understanding Terror Networks. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press,
2004. (A former foreign service officer with Afghanistan experience explains the motivation
of terrorists—not deprivation, but the need to belong.)
Annotated Bibliography-4
FM 3-24/MCWP 3-33.5
15 December 2006
Military References
Army publications that are assigned a Marine Corps number are indicated with an as-
terisk.
REQUIRED PUBLICATIONS
These documents must be available to intended users of this publication.
*FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A. Operational Terms and Graphics. 21 Sep 2004.
JP 1-02. Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms. 4 Dec 2001. (DOD
Dictionary of Military Terms Web site < http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/doddict/ >)
RELATED PUBLICATIONS
These sources contain relevant supplemental information.
JOINT AND DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PUBLICATIONS
CJCSI 3121.01B. Standing Rules of Engagement for U.S. Forces. 15 Jan 2000.
DODD 2310.01E. The Department of Defense Detainee Program. 5 Sep 2006.
DODD 5105.38M. Security Assistance Management Manual. 3 Oct 2003. (Published by the Defense
Security Cooperation Agency. Chapter 8 addresses end-use monitoring. AR 12-1 implements
for the Army.)
JP 1. Joint Warfare of the Armed Forces of the United States. 14 Nov 2000.
JP 3-0. Joint Operations. 17 Sep 2006.
JP 3-07.1. Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Foreign Internal Defense. 30 Apr 2004.
JP 3-08. Interagency, Intergovernmental Organization, and Nongovernmental Organization
Coordination During Joint Operations. 2 vols. 17 Mar 2006.
JP 3-60. Joint Doctrine for Targeting. 17 Jan 2002.
JP 3-13. Information Operations. 13 Feb 2006.
JP 3-61. Public Affairs. 9 May 2005.
SERVICE PUBLICATIONS
AR 12-1. Security Assistance, International Logistics, Training, and Technical Assistance Support
Policy and Responsibilities. 24 Jan 2000. (Marine Corps follows DODD 5105.38M.)
*AR 190-8/MCO 3461.1. Enemy Prisoners of War, Retained Personnel, Civilian Internees and Other
Detainees. 1 Oct 1997.
FM 2-0 (34-1). Intelligence. 17 May 2004.
FM 2-22.3 (34-52). Human Intelligence Collector Operations. 6 Sep 2006. (See MarAdmin 458.06 for
Marine Corps policy and guidance on intelligence interrogations.)
FM 3-0. Operations. 14 Jun 2001. (Under revision. Projected for republication during fiscal year
2007.)
FM 3-05 (100-25), Army Special Operations Forces. 20 Sep 2006.
FM 3-05.40 (41-10). Civil Affairs Operations. 29 Sep 2006. (MCRP 3-33.1 contains Marine Corps
civil affairs doctrine.)
*FM 3-05.301/MCRP 3-40.6A. Psychological Operations Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures. 31
Dec 2003. (Distribution limited to government agencies only.)
15 December 2006
FM 3-24/MCWP 3-33.5
Military References-1
Military References
*FM 3-05.401/MCRP 3-33.1A. Civil Affairs Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures. 23 Sep 2003.
*FM 3-09.31 (6-71)/MCRP 3-16C. Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Fire Support for the
Combined Arms Commander. 1 Oct 2002.
FM 3-13 (100-6). Information Operations: Doctrine, Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures. 28 Nov
2003. (Appendix E addresses information operations targeting.)
FM 3-61.1. Public Affairs Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures. 1 Oct 2000.
FM 3-90. Tactics. 4 Jul 2001.
FM 4-0 (100-10). Combat Service Support. 29 Aug 2003.
FM 4-02 (8-10). Force Health Protection in a Global Environment. 13 Feb 2003. (NAVMED P-117,
chapter 19, contains corresponding Marine Corps doctrine.)
FM 5-0 (101-5). Army Planning and Orders Production. 20 Jan 2005. (MCDP 5 contains Marine
Corps planning doctrine.)
FM 5-104. General Engineering. 12 Nov 1986. (Will be republished as FM 3-34.300.)
FM 5-250. Explosives and Demolitions. 30 Jul 1998. (Will be republished as FM 3-34.214.)
FM 6-0. Mission Command: Command and Control of Army Forces. 11 Aug 2003.
FM 6-20-10. Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for the Targeting Process. 8 May 1996.
FM 6-22 (22-100). Army Leadership.12 Oct 2006.
*FM 6-22.5 (22-9)/MCRP 6-11C. Combat Stress. 23 Jun 2000.
FM 7-98. Operations in a Low-Intensity Conflict. 19 Oct 1992. (Contains tactical-level guidance for
brigade and battalion operations in an irregular warfare and peace operations environment.)
FM 20-32. Mine/Countermine Operations. 29 May 1998. (Will be republished as FM 3-34.210,
Explosive Hazards Operations.)
FM 27-10. The Law of Land Warfare. 18 Jul 1956.
FM 31-20-3. Foreign Internal Defense: Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Special Forces.
20 Sep 1994. (Will be republished as FM 3-05.202.)
*FM 34-130/FMFRP 3-23-2. Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield. 8 Jul 1994. (Will be
republished as FM 2-01.3/MRCP 2-3A.)
FM 46-1. Public Affairs Operations. 30 May 1997.
FM 90-8. Counterguerrilla Operations. 29 Aug 1986.
FMI 2-91.4. Intelligence Support to Operations in the Urban Environment. 30 Jun 2005. (Expires 30
Jun 2007. Distribution limited to government agencies only. Available in electronic media
only. Army Doctrine and Training Digital Library Web site < www.adtdl.army.mil >).
*FMI 3-34.119/MCIP 3-17.01. Improved Explosive Device Defeat. 21 Sep 2005. (Expires 21 Sep
2007. Distribution limited to government agencies only. Available in electronic media only.
Army Doctrine and Training Digital Library Web site < www.adtdl.army.mil >.)
FMI 5-0.1. The Operations Process. 31 Mar 2006. (Expires 31 Mar 2008. When FM 3-0 is
republished, it will address the material in FMI 5-0.1 that is relevant to this publication.)
MarAdmin (Marine Administrative Message) 458/06. “USMC Interim Policy and Guidance for
Intelligence Interrogations.” 22 Sep 2006. (States that FM 2-22.3 provides DOD-wide
doctrine on intelligence interrogations. Lists sections of FM 2-22.33 that apply. Marine Corps
Publications Web site < http://www.usmc.mil/maradmins/ >.)
MCDP 1. Warfighting. 20 Jun 1997.
MCDP 4. Logistics. 21 Feb 1997.
MCDP 5. Planning. 21 July 1997.
MCDP 6. Command and Control. 4 Oct 1996.
MCRP 3-33.1A. Civil Affairs Operations. 14 Feb 2000. (FM 3-05.40 contains Army civil affairs
doctrine.)
Military References-2
FM 3-24/MCWP 3-33.5
15 December 2006
Military References
MCWP 4-12. Operational-Level Logistics. 30 Jan 2002.
NAVMED P-117. Manual of the Medical Department, U.S. Navy. Chapter 19, “Fleet Marine Force,”
change 117. 21 Jun 2001. (Article 19-24 discusses levels of care. FM 4-02 contains the
corresponding Army doctrine. When published, MCRP 4-11.1G will supersede this
publication.)
PRESCRIBED FORMS
None
REFERENCED FORMS
None
15 December 2006
FM 3-24/MCWP 3-33.5
Military References-3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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