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FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS (February 2010) - page 3

 

 

Appendix A
overseas. The objective of this program is to provide information to decisionmakers, increase awareness
and interest in environmental concerns, and encourage environmental cooperation with foreign nations.
INTERNATIONAL LAWS AND TREATIES
A-75. Commanders must consult the SJA for specific advice on international laws or conventions. The
following international laws and treaties may affect military operations:
z
Biological Diversity Convention.
z
International Tropical Timber Agreement.
z
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships.
z
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species.
z
Basel Convention (HW).
z
Nitrogen Oxide Protocol (air pollution).
z
London Dumping Convention (marine pollution from ships dumping wastes generated on land).
z
Montreal Protocol (ozone-depleting substances).
z
Kyoto Accord (greenhouse gases).
A-76. U.S. armed forces are obligated to abide by the provisions of treaties and conventions to which the
United States is bound. In addition, countries that U.S. forces operate in, with, or through may be bound by
treaties that the United States has not ratified. These treaties can impact military operations in several ways.
The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their
Disposal, for example, could limit HW disposal options available to a deployed force. While at this time
the treaty has not been ratified by the Senate, the United States is still a signatory to it. Whether bound by a
treaty or not, its mere existence may affect operations. Examples from Bosnia-Herzegovina and other
locations have confirmed this situation.
A-77. International treaties that govern armed conflict also affect U.S. military forces. One such treaty is
the Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification.
This treaty prohibits any military use of engineer modification and any technique for changing the
dynamics, composition, or structure of the environment through the deliberate manipulation of natural
processes.
A-14
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Appendix B
Environmental Annex to Joint Plans and Orders
The following annex lists typical environmental considerations for joint OPLAN,
concept plan, and OPORD development and execution. For larger Army units
(brigade and division), the format will provide a guide for finding necessary
information for developing their own orders. For divisions and corps operating as
JTFs, the format provides an example for developing a similar annex. This appendix
includes the format for annex L to joint OPORDs/OPLANs in figure B-1, page B-2.
Ensure that current examples are verified with these current references. Each Service
uses its own format for similar appendixes/annexes. Unit orders and plans follow
individual Service formatting conventions. Army orders normally include
environmental considerations in the coordinating instructions (paragraph 3) if not in a
separate appendix (see appendix C). When specific command procedures dictate,
staff officers include some environmental considerations in logistics and medical
annexes. All operations must comply with federal law to the extent possible. This
example assumes an overseas deployment in which the vast majority of federal
environmental law is not applicable. Plans for training or operations in the U.S. must
conform to federal and state laws.
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
B-1
Appendix B
CLASSIFICATION
ENVIRONMENTAL STANDING OPERATING PROCEDURES
Issuing Headquarters
Location
Date
ANNEX L TO XXX OPLAN XXXX-XX
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
References.
a.
JP 3-34. Joint Engineer Operations. 12 February 2007.
b.
DODD 6050.7. Environmental Effects Abroad of Major Department of Defense Actions.
31 March 1979.
c.
Joint Staff Instruction (JSI) 3830.01B. Environmental Engineering Effects of DOD Actions.
1 May 1998.
d.
DODI 4715.5. Management of Environmental Compliance of Overseas Installations.
22 April 1996.
e.
DODI 4715.8. Environmental Remediation for DOD Activities Overseas. 2 February 1998.
f.
Applicable Country-Specific FGS.
g.
DOD OEBGD.
1.
Situation.
a.
Purpose. State the purpose of this annex, the relationship between the environmental
considerations, and the supported OPLAN, concept plan, or functional plan.
b.
Assumptions. State the assumptions affecting environmental planning/compliance from the
supported OPLAN, concept plan, or functional plan.
c.
Limiting Factors. Outline limitations that are due to lack of foreign access, time, operations
security, foreign nation rules or sensitivities, public affairs
(foreign and domestic), legal
considerations, and resources.
2.
Mission. State clearly and concisely the “essential” tasks to be accomplished with regard to the purpose
of this annex as it relates to the overall mission stated in the basic plan. The mission statement should
address the questions: who, what, when, where, and why.
3.
Execution.
a.
Concept of Operations. Summarize the commander’s concept of environmental issues and actions
required to support the OPLAN, concept plan, or functional plan. Identify issues and actions which
should be addressed during all phases of the operation.
(1)
Compliance Requirements. State regulatory, legal, and foreign nation compliance
requirements based on whether an operation is a combatant operation (in which many
requirements are not applicable) or a noncombatant operation.
(2)
Phased Compliance. Describe in general terms the different environmental concerns in the
supported OPLAN, concept plan, or functional plan during different phases of the operation.
CLASSIFICATION
Figure B-1. Sample environmental considerations annex (annex L)
B-2
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Environmental Annex to Joint Plans and Orders
CLASSIFICATION
(3)
Mission Support. Identify those environmental planning factors which, although not
mandated as a matter of law or regulation, will support successful execution of the OPLAN,
concept plan, or functional plan in all phases and protect the health and safety of U.S. and
allied forces and noncombatants. As a minimum, address certification of local water
sources by medical field units, solid and liquid waste management, HM management, flora
and fauna protection, archaeological and historical preservation, and spill response.
b.
Tasks. Identify inter-Service responsibilities of subunified, joint task force, and component
commanders for environmental support. Key elements include, but are not limited to, the
formulation of a JEMB, individual component responsibilities for the tasks in paragraph 3.a(3)
above, environmental planning, and staff training.
c.
Coordinating Instructions. Outline key coordination that must be accomplished. Place particular
emphasis on coordination requirements with higher headquarters, Office of the Secretary of
Defense, and other federal agencies. Where applicable, this section should define procedures for
transboundary shipment of HM and HW, disposal of HW, and any potential conflicts with the
foreign nation.
4.
Administration and Logistics.
a.
Logistics. Address any necessary guidance for administering the environmental effort by the
combatant commander. Provide guidance for logistic support for environmental support and
compliance when such support is outside the scope of the component responsibilities and
resources.
b.
Reports. Specify the format and instructions for any required reports.
c.
Joint Environmental Management Board. The JEMB is a temporary board activated to establish
policies, procedures, priorities, conflict resolution, and overall direction for environmental
management in the theater.
t/
General
Commander
Appendixes:
1. Environmental Assessment.
2. Environmental Assessment Exemptions.
3. JEMB.
OFFICIAL:
s/
t/
Major General
Director, J-4
CLASSIFICATION
Figure B-1. Sample environmental considerations annex (annex L) (continued)
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
B-3
Appendix B
CLASSIFICATION
Issuing Headquarters
Location
Date
APPENDIX 1 TO ANNEX L TO XXX OPLAN XXXX-XX
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS
References.
a.
JP 3-34. Joint Engineer Operations. 12 February 2007.
b.
DODD 6050.7. Environmental Effects Abroad of Major Department of Defense Actions.
31 March 1979.
c.
JSI 3830.01B. Environmental Engineering Effects of DOD Actions. 1 May 1998.
d.
DODI 4715.5. Management of Environmental Compliance of Overseas Installations. 22 April 1996.
e.
DODI 4715.8. Environmental Remediation for DOD Activities Overseas. 2 February 1998.
f.
Applicable Country-Specific FGS.
g.
DOD OEBGD.
1.
Purpose. State the regulatory or legal requirement for conducting an environmental assessment in
conjunction with the supported operation.
2.
Description of the Action. State whether an exemption applies to the proposed action, including whether
the proposed operation is a “major” action which does “significant harm to the environment or a global
resource.” If no exemption is being invoked, state the type of assessment being prepared (environmental
impact statement, environmental study, or environmental review).
3.
Exemption or Exclusion. Describe the basis for exemption. Determine and document its applicability to
the operation or seek approval from a higher authority.
4.
Analysis of Options or Alternatives. If an environmental report, environmental study, or environmental
impact statement is required or federal law in conjunction with an operation, document the actions and/or
alternatives that were considered in the planning of the supported operations to minimize the
environmental impacts.
5.
Environmental Setting of the Operation. Describe the following: (a) general environmental condition of
the operational area, (b) vegetation, (c) climate, (d) wildlife, (e) archaeological and historical sites, (f) water
quality, and (g) air quality.
6.
Environmental Impact of the Operation. Describe the impact on (a) topography, (b) vegetation,
(c) water quality, (d) air quality, (e) ecology, (f) archaeological and historical sites, (g) wildlife, (h) the socio-
economic and political end state, (i) land use, (j) safety and occupational health, and (k) HM and HW.
7.
Mitigation and Monitoring Requirements. Describe actions and assign responsibilities for mitigation and
monitoring of environmental impacts of the supported operation.
8.
Compliance Responsibilities. State applicability and responsibility for implementation of the OEBGD or
FGS during the post hostilities phase.
CLASSIFICATION
Figure B-1. Sample environmental considerations annex (annex L) (continued)
B-4
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Environmental Annex to Joint Plans and Orders
CLASSIFICATION
Issuing Headquarters
Location
Date
APPENDIX 2 TO ANNEX L to XXXX OPLAN XXXX-XX
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT EXEMPTIONS
References.
a.
DODD 6050.7. Environmental Effects Abroad of Major Department of Defense Actions.
31 March 1979.
b.
JSI 3830.01B. Environmental Engineering Effects of DOD Actions. 1 May 1998.
1.
Purpose. State the basis for invoking or requesting an exclusion or exemption from environmental
assessment for the supported operation.
2.
Background. State facts identified in the planning process that support an exemption from the
requirement for environmental assessment documentation.
3.
Discussion. Provide factual rationale for invoking exemption. Assign responsibility for making the
exemption determination.
4.
Determination. Identify and document the authority making the exemption determination.
CLASSIFICATION
Figure B-1. Sample environmental considerations annex (annex L) (continued)
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
B-5
Appendix B
CLASSIFICATION
Issuing Headquarters
Location
Date
PLANNING GUIDANCE FOR APPENDIX 3 TO ANNEX L
JOINT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT BOARD
1.
Purpose. Describe the composition and function of the JEMB.
2.
General.
a.
The JEMB is a temporary board which may be activated by the combined joint task force.
b.
The JEMB establishes policies, procedures, policies, and overall direction for environmental
management requirements in the theater.
c.
If appropriate, it may assume responsibility for the preparation of annex L, Environmental
Considerations.
d.
Joint task force engineer has overall staff responsibility for the JEMB.
3.
Organization. Upon notification of the joint task force engineer, the JEMB will meet at the joint task force
headquarters. The composition of the JEMB will vary depending on the nature of the contingency, the joint
task force, and the other forces and agencies involved. It may include representatives of all Services
involved, along with the judge advocate general, surgeon, PAO, Defense Logistics Agency/DRMO,
American Embassy, United States Agency for International Development, real estate, contracting, safety,
and CA.
4.
Procedures.
a.
As required by the joint task force mission, the JEMB will be activated under the authority of the
combined joint task force by the joint task force engineer.
b.
The JEMB meeting locations and physical arrangements will be coordinated, executed, and
announced by the joint task force environmental engineer.
c.
JEMB meetings will be chaired by the joint task force engineer.
d.
Members of the JEMB must be empowered as decisionmakers for their organizations.
e.
JEMB decisions will strive for unanimity. In the absence of unanimity, a majority of voting members
will decide the issue. The chairman will vote only in the case of a tie.
f.
JEMB decisions will be forwarded to the joint task force Chief of Staff for final approval.
g.
Reclamas of JEMB actions are to be forwarded to the joint task force Chief of Staff.
h.
The joint task force environmental engineer is responsible for preparing the meeting agenda and
read-ahead materials, maintaining the minutes of all JEMB meetings, preparing appropriate
documentation of all JEMB actions, coordinating the final approval of JEMB actions, and
dissemination of approved JEMB actions.
CLASSIFICATION
Figure B-1. Sample environmental considerations annex (annex L) (continued)
B-6
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Appendix C
Environmental Appendix to the Engineering Annex for
Army Operation Plans and Operation Orders
The following annex lists typical environmental considerations for Army OPLAN,
concept plan, and OPORD development and execution. For small units (battalions
and companies), the format will provide a guide for finding necessary information for
developing their own orders. For larger units (brigade and division), the format
provides an example for developing a similar appendix. Ensure that current examples
are verified with these current references. Army orders normally include
environmental considerations in the coordinating instructions (paragraph 3) if not
included in a separate appendix within the engineer annex. When specific command
procedures dictate, staff officers include some environmental considerations in
logistics and medical annexes. All operations must comply with federal law to the
extent possible. This example assumes an overseas deployment in which the vast
majority of federal environmental law is not applicable. Plans for training or
operations in the U.S. must conform to federal and state laws. Tab A of the sample
appendix 5 to annex G in Figure C-1 implements the requirement of EO 12114 to
conduct environmental assessments, in the form of the EBS, before taking actions
that would significantly harm the environment of a foreign nation or the global
commons. DODD 6050.7, which implements EO 12114, defines the environmental
impact statement, environmental statement, and ECR directed in this tab.
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
C-1
Appendix C
CLASSIFICATION
Copy ___ of ___ copies
Issuing Headquarters
Place of Issue
Date-Time Group of Signature
Message Reference Number
APPENDIX 5 (ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS) TO ANNEX G (ENGINEERING) TO 54th
MECHANIZED DIVISION OPLAN 99-7 (U)
References:
a. JP 3-34. Joint Engineer Operations. 12 February 2007.
b. JSN 3820.01E. Environmental Engineering Effects of DODA. 30 September 2008.
c. DODI 4715.5. Management of Environmental Compliance at Overseas Installations.
22 April 1996.
d. DODI 4715.8. Environmental Remediation Policy for DOD Activities Overseas.
2 February 1998.
e. Applicable country-specific FGS.
f. DOD OEBGD, or in-theater equivalent, 1 May 2007.
g. Foreign nation agreements, local operating standards if different from FGS, command
special instructions, SOPs, policies, guidance for environmental considerations, or references
pertaining to significant environmental factors in the AO.
h. Unit SOPs.
1. SITUATION.
a. Enemy forces. Refer to an OPORD or to an environmental annex/appendix to an
OPORD. State any environmental factors or conditions that could adversely affect the successful
completion of the mission, and/or the health or welfare of friendly forces and the indigenous
population. Environmental threats can be natural, collateral, accidental, or caused by actions of
the population or enemy forces. (This operation depends on our ability to provide water for both
our forces and the indigenous population through desalinization plants drawing water from the
Gulf…the enemy has large amounts of chemical munitions. Special care must be taken when
destroying enemy munition dumps to ensure chemical munitions are not being detonated…due to
the extremely high water table in the area, special care and considerations must be taken in the
siting of landfills and the collection of all waste products…)
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering)
C-2
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Environmental Appendix to the Engineering Annex For Army Operation Plans and Operation Orders
CLASSIFICATION
(1) Terrain. List all critical terrain aspects that impact functional area operations.
(2) Weather. List all critical weather aspects that impact functional area operations.
(3) Enemy functional area capability and/or activity:
(a) List known and templated significant environmental hazards. If the
information is large and specific enough, this list may become an overlay.
(b) List significant enemy capabilities to use environmental manipulation as a
means to impede friendly forces or jeopardize long-term objectives. (Enemy may release oil
directly into the Gulf…Enemy may set oil wells afire to cover their retreat…)
(c) State the expected employment of enemy functional area assets based on
the most probable course of action. (Enemy will not be effected by international opinion…they will
use all means at their disposal to include releasing oil directly into the gulf and setting oil wells
afire in an orgy of destruction…)
(4) Limiting factors. Outline limitations that are due to lack of foreign access, time,
operations security, foreign nation rules or sensitivities, public affairs (foreign and domestic), legal
considerations, and resources.
(Operations by 54th Mechanized Division will inherently have an
environmental impact. Environmental considerations require early integration in the planning
process and will be accomplished in conjunction with other planning and the risk management
process. The environmental protection level will vary as levels of risk are anticipated to be lower
and the correspondingly environmental efforts more comprehensive in proportion to the distance
from the combat zone. This appendix does not address munitions storage/disposal, CBRNE
activities, or activities on naval ships at sea.)
b. Friendly forces. Refer to an OPORD or to an annex to an OPORD. State the concept of
environmental operations for the higher headquarters. This concept covers relationships between
environmental considerations and the supported OPORD, OPLAN, concept plan, or support plan.
c. Attachments and detachments. Refer to an OPORD or an annex to an OPORD (annex L
if it is a JOPES OPORD). Identify special environmental teams or personnel.
2. MISSION. State the commander’s concept for environmental actions. This concept answers
the who, what, when where, how, and why of the relationship between environmental
considerations and the supported OPORD, OPLAN, concept plan, or functional plan. Normally,
the mission will be to protect, as much as practicable, the health and welfare of U.S. personnel
and the indigenous population from environmental threats during the conduct of the operation; to
reduce long-term, adverse impact on the economy and public health; and to reduce U.S. costs
and liabilities at the completion of the operation.
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
C-3
Appendix C
CLASSIFICATION
3. EXECUTION.
a. Scheme of environmental operations. Summarize the commander’s concept of environmental
actions required to support the OPLAN, OPORD, or concept plan. Identify issues and actions that
should be addressed during all phases of the operation. Identify the desired environmental end
state.
(1) Operational effect on the environment. List critical resources that should be protected
during the operation, such as forests, croplands, or water- and sewage-treatment facilities. Describe
factors to be considered by subordinate unit commanders when making collateral damage decisions.
(2) Environmental resource effect on the operation. List any environmental conditions or
factors that could impede successful completion of the operational mission or jeopardize the desired
end state. Identify possible targets of environmental sabotage or terrorism.
(3) Compliance requirements. State regulatory, legal, and foreign nation compliance
requirements that will apply and under what conditions they may be applicable (combat versus
nonhostile, stability operation, or support operation; geographical differences; or event-triggered
changes).
(4) Phased compliance. Describe in general terms the major environmental concerns and
requirements during different phases of the operation. Specify transition tasks and measures and the
appropriate initiating control measures.
b. Tasks to subordinate units. It will be unusual to have an entry here. If it is important enough
to task a given maneuver element to accomplish an environmental task, this tasking must be
identified in paragraph 3b of the base order. An example is the tasking of specific units (in
conjunction with the surgeon or CBRN officer) to perform environmental reconnaissance missions. If
only placed here it is likely to be overlooked by the tasked unit. If including tasks to subordinate
units:
(1) List functional area tasks that specific maneuver elements must accomplish and that the
base OPORD does not contain.
(2) List functional area tasks the functional area units supporting maneuver elements must
accomplish only as necessary to ensure unity of effort.
c. Coordinating instructions. Outline key coordination that must be accomplished by two or more
units and not routinely covered in unit SOPs. Pay particular attention to coordination requirements
with higher headquarters, the Office of the Secretary of Defense, and other federal agencies. Unit
responsibilities and requirements may vary according to location, activity, or phase of the operation;
attach a matrix that specifies various levels of environmental protection.
Environmental
responsibilities of the surgeon and the logistics officer may be included here if not incorporated in
their respective annexes.
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
C-4
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Environmental Appendix to the Engineering Annex For Army Operation Plans and Operation Orders
CLASSIFICATION
(1) Environmental reconnaissance. Identify general responsibilities here.
(2) Environmental vulnerabilities. Specify general responsibilities for intelligence collection,
identification, and response planning for environmental threats to mission success.
(3) Environmental assessments. List conditions under which environmental assessments
may be required, conditions when assessments may be sensible even when not required by law or
order, and responsibilities for conducting and approving assessments (See tab A and tab B).
(4) Occupation of base camps and rear assembly areas. (Occupation of base camps or rear
assembly areas, and subsequent operations, will be accomplished incorporating environmental
considerations whenever feasible and commensurate with the operational situation.)
(a) An initial EBS (see tab A) will be conducted to determine the preexisting condition of
the site and its ecological resources. Direct the conduct of ECRs based on the duration of stay at a
given site (to give interim snapshot condition reports) and in response to environmental incidents.
(b) Before departure or abandonment, units will ensure the performance of a final EBS
(see tab A) to document the condition of the site, to include water sources, soil, flora, archaeological/
historical facilities, air quality, and other environmental conditions. Document the location of latrines,
hazardous waste sites, landfills, hospitals, maintenance activities, POL storage, and any other
environmentally sensitive activities.
(5) Facilities.
(a) Environmental baseline surveys. Specify conditions, formats, responsibilities, and
reporting of initial EBS, final EBS, and any interim ECRs (see enclosure 1, enclosure 2, and tab C).
(b) Operating procedures. Provide guidance for environmental considerations and
services in established facilities.
(c) Closure. Specify closure activities, such as documentation of the location of latrines,
HW sites, landfills, hospitals, maintenance activities, POL storage, and other environmentally
sensitive activities. Publication of these procedures may be delayed until a more appropriate phase
of the operation.
(6) Construction. When planning and conducting general engineering operations, military
designers should consider the project’s effect on the environment, as well as the applicable U.S. and
foreign nation agreements and applicable environmental laws and regulations.
(Soil erosion/runoff
control procedures and other common sense procedures will be applied to the maximum extent
possible in any case.)
(7) Claims.
(Under the provisions of Article XXIII of the United States - Republic of Korea
SOFA, claims by local national individuals or organizations for damages arising from spills will be
handled through established claims procedures.)
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
C-5
Appendix C
CLASSIFICATION
4. SERVICE SUPPORT.
a. Identify those environmental planning factors that, although not mandated as law or
regulation, will support successful execution of the OPLAN, OPORD, concept plan, or functional
plan in all phases and protect the health and safety of U.S. forces, allied forces, and
noncombatants. As a minimum, address certification of local water sources by medical field units,
solid and liquid waste management, HM management, flora and fauna protection, archaeological
and historical preservation, and spill response. Disposal of solid and liquid waste will depend upon
the location and surrounding environment of the disposal area. The intent is to minimize the
environmental impact and to limit potential contamination to the holding site.
(1) Development, use, and protection of potable water sources. Certification of water
sources include special considerations for the protection of surface water, groundwater, and water
in distribution systems; location and special protection requirements for water and wastewater
(gray water, see below) treatment facilities; disposal of effluents from showers and laundry
facilities; disposal of brine water (or wastewater) from reverse osmosis water purification unit
operations. In CONUS, training exercises require a permit to discharge reverse osmosis water
purification unit brine into a water source. Returning brine (or wastewater) directly to the source,
untreated, also violates the OEBGD.
(Water will be obtained or processed from approved
sources. Water quality certifications will be accomplished according with procedures outlined in
the 54th Mechanized Division field SOP. Operational and support elements will not contaminate
potable water resources.)
(2) Solid and liquid waste management.
(Disposal of solid and liquid wastes will depend
on location and surrounding environment of the disposal area. The intent is to minimize the
environmental impact and to limit potential contamination to the holding site.)
(a) Solid waste. Requirements include disposal of solid waste (includes sludge);
approval process for the use of landfills or incinerators; and protection of solid waste
transportation, transfer, and disposal facilities. (Solid waste will be removed and disposed of at
ministry of environment-approved facilities via wartime foreign nation support agreements. In the
absence of foreign nation support, solid waste should be incinerated as the preferred method of
disposal. Alternatively, burial of waste is acceptable and will employ the characteristics of landfill
operations. Trenches will be perpendicular to the prevailing winds, deep enough to contain the
long-term waste stream expected and to execute a daily cover of not less than 6 inches of earth,
with a final cover of not less than 30 inches. Any trench will be properly marked when closed.)
(b) Human waste. Handle storage and disposal of human waste in a way that best
supports the mission and is most protective of human health. This factor is particularly significant
in densely populated areas where basic public health services may be disrupted and standard field
sanitation procedures are inadequate. (Existing sanitary latrines, sewers, and treatment plants
should be used to the maximum extent possible. If such facilities have exceeded their capacity or
do not exist, human waste will be disposed of according to the operation and the situation
encountered. The preferred methods of disposal in order of precedence are sanitary wastewater
disposal systems, portable latrines, and slit trenches. Expeditionary sewage collection and
disposal will be sited and operated to minimize environmental impact according to unit field
sanitation procedures. If possible, do not conduct open burning upwind of populated areas. As a
minimum, all slit trenches will be covered with not less than 24 inches of earth fill [12 inches of
compacted fill level to the ground surface, and 12 inches of mound fill] before departure from the
site. A sign showing the date of closure and the words “Closed Latrine” will be posted at each
closed site.)
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
C-6
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Environmental Appendix to the Engineering Annex For Army Operation Plans and Operation Orders
CLASSIFICATION
(c) Gray water. (At locations that lack sewage treatment facilities, the preferred method of
handling gray water will be by collection and proper disposal via wartime foreign nation support. In the
event these preferred options are not achievable during contingency operations or wartime, effluents from
showers/bathing facilities will be located downstream of water sources, both civilian and military. Most
rivers in the Republic of Korea supply water to Korean populations, and gray water discharges into central
waters are prohibited. Construction of temporary drainage facilities must ensure proper drainage of gray
water runoff that precludes pooling. Measures will be taken to prevent creation of pest breeding sites.)
(3) Medical waste. This section includes procedures and locations for storage and disposal of
medical waste under normal and emergency conditions, as well as the responsibilities and procedures for
approval of disposal methods. (Disposal of medical waste will be according to guidelines established by
the XX [United States] Corps Surgeon. Should facilities be unavailable for permanent disposal, suitable
temporary disposal should be accomplished through the use of a suitably labeled, segregated
containment area. Wastes will be held in sealed containers or another appropriate manner that minimizes
the release of biological contamination into the environment. A record will be made of the type, quantity,
and location of the containment area. A copy of the report will be forwarded to the XX [United States]
Corps Staff Engineer Section and the surgeon.)
(4) HM/HW management.
(a) HW management. This section includes procedures and locations for the storage and
disposal of HW under normal and emergency conditions, operations of the DRMO or approved contractor
facilities, and the recording of abandoned HW sites. (HW will be collected, packaged, and transferred to
the Defense Logistics Agency/DRMO when feasible according to guidelines established by the XX
[United States] Corps G-4.) (If the operational situation dictates abandonment of HM/HW, consolidate,
contain, and record the location of the items, type of items, and any other information that will facilitate
future recovery operations. Forward a copy of the report to both the XX [United States] Corps Staff
Engineer Section and G-4.)
(b) HM management. (HMs will be stored, transported, and used according to established
procedures and in a manner that precludes improper human or ecological exposure. To the extent
practical, consolidation and reutilization will be applied to reduce the amount of HM expended and waste
generated.)
(c)
Abandonment.
(If the operational situation dictates abandonment of hazardous
material/waste; consolidate, contain, and record the location of the items, type of items, and any other
information that will assist future recovery operations. Forward a copy of the report to both the XX [United
States] Corps Staff Engineer Section and G-4.)
(d) Spill prevention/control procedures. (Commanders will maintain spill-prevention/control
plans with battalion-level spill response teams, according to the 54th Mechanized Division field SOP.
Units will take immediate action to contain the spill, clean up the site to the limit of their capability, mark
the site, and report the spill through their chain of command to the XX [United States] Corps Staff
Engineer Section, PAO, and G-4. The spill report should be in basic ECR format [see tab B] and at a
minimum contain the location, type, and quantity of contaminant[s], status of the cleanup, and an estimate
of additional resources required to complete the cleanup.)
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
C-7
Appendix C
CLASSIFICATION
(5)
Ecosystem protection. Protect special flora and fauna, wetlands, forests, and
croplands and seek approval for the clearing of large areas and approved methods and
chemicals, if any, for clearing. (The requirement to clear fields of fire [as well as limited clearance
for health, safety, and troop welfare] may cause the destruction of ecosystems. Destruction and
clearing of areas in excess of 100 acres requires the approval of the Commander, XX [United
States] Corps.)
(6) Air and noise emissions. Give special consideration to preventing air and noise
emissions—normally confined to theater rear areas or to security, support, or humanitarian
missions. (Generators will be operated only in the reduced sound signature mode as defined in
division field SOP…Movement of tracked vehicles outside of designated assembly areas, from
0001-2400 on Sundays during this exercise, is prohibited without permission of the Commander,
XX [United States] Corps.)
(7)
Archaeological and historical preservation. State the requirements to minimize
damage to historical sites and buildings, monuments, and works of art. A separate overlay may
be required. (Operational activities that adversely impact on archaeological and historical sites
and buildings are to be minimized. If damage occurs, a report of circumstances will be made
through operational channels to XX [United States] Corps CA and the PAO.)
b. Logistics. Address any necessary guidance for administering the environmental effort by
the commander. Provide guidance for logistic support to environmental support and compliance.
(1) HM management. Specify unique control measures used in supply, storage,
transportation, and retrograde to reduce and regulate the use of HM.
(2) Environmental considerations and services locations. Provide, when appropriate, the
location of landfills, incinerators, HW collection facilities, water and wastewater treatment plants,
watershed protection areas, ecologically sensitive areas, contaminated areas, potentially
dangerous industrial facilities, and other points of environmental sensitivity or interest to the
command. Include cultural resources if not noted elsewhere.
5. COMMAND AND SIGNAL.
a. Command. Identify the executive agent for environmental functions in each command post
location. Specify responsibilities and levels for issuing guidance and waivers.
b. Signal. List environmental reporting instructions not specified in unit SOPs; identify the
required reports, formats, times, and distribution lists.
NAME (An appendix can be
signed by either the commander or
primary staff officer.)
RANK
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
C-8
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Environmental Appendix to the Engineering Annex For Army Operation Plans and Operation Orders
CLASSIFICATION
Tabs:
A. Environmental Assessments.
B. Environmental Assessment Exemptions.
C. Environmental Baseline Survey.
D. Base Camp Closure Standards. (To be published)
E. Electronic Environmental Report Message Formats.
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
C-9
Appendix C
CLASSIFICATION
TAB A
(ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS) TO APPENDIX
5
(ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSIDERATIONS) TO ANNEX G (ENGINEERING) TO 54TH MECHANIZED DIVIVISION OPLAN
99-7 (U)
References:
a. DODD 6050.7. Environmental Effects Abroad of Major Department of Defense Actions.
31 March 1979.
b. JSN 3820.01E. Environmental Engineering Effects of DOD Actions. 30 September 2008.
c. JP 3-34. Joint Engineer Operations. 12 February 2007.
d. DODD 6050.16. Policy for Establishing and Implementing Environmental Standards at Overseas
Installations. 20 September 1991.
e. Applicable country-specific FGS.
f. DOD OEBGD, or in-theater equivalent, 1 May 2007.
g. Engineer Support Plan in AOR.
1. Purpose. State the regulatory, legal, troop protection, financial, or other reason for conducting an
environmental assessment in conjunction with the supported operation.
2. Background. State the purpose and concept of the operation and a brief explanation of the
relationship of environmental assessments to the successful completion of the operational mission.
3. Description of the Actions. State the types of assessments and the conditions under which
actions are required. When
“major actions” are included in the operation, indicate whether an
exemption applies (Tab B of this appendix). If no exemption is being invoked, state the type of
assessment(s) to be prepared: environmental impact statement, environmental statement, or
environmental report. Indicate requirements for a facility EBS.
4. Exemption or Exclusion. Describe the basis for exemption (Tab B of this appendix). Finally,
determine and document the applicability to the operation. Seek approval from a higher authority
according to Reference A if applicability is not clearly stated.
5. Analysis of Options or Alternatives. If an environmental report, environmental statement, or
environmental impact statement is required, document the actions and alternatives that were
considered in planning the supported operation to minimize environmental impact.
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
C-10
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Environmental Appendix to the Engineering Annex For Army Operation Plans and Operation Orders
CLASSIFICATION
6. Environmental Setting of the Operation. (This and the following paragraphs are useful for
scoping/tiering analyses.) Describe or provide references for the description of the general
environmental conditions of the operational area, including (a) vegetation, (b) climate, (c) wildlife,
(d) archaeological and historical sites, (e) water quality, and (f) air quality.
7. Environmental Impact of the Operation. Describe the impact on the topography, vegetation,
water quality, air quality, ecosystem functioning, archaeological and historical sites, wildlife,
socioeconomic and political end state, land use, safety and public and occupational health, and HM
and HW use and disposal.
8. Mitigation and Monitoring.
(a) Requirements. Describe actions and assign responsibilities for mitigation and monitoring of
environmental impacts of the supported operation.
(b) Compliance Responsibilities. State applicability and responsibility for implementation of the
OEBGD or FGS during the posthostilities phase.
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
C-11
Appendix C
CLASSIFICATION
TAB B (ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT EXEMPTIONS) TO APPENDIX 5 (ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSIDERATIONS) TO ANNEX G (ENGINEERING) TO 54TH MECHANIZED DIVISION OPLAN
99-7 (U)
References:
a. DODD 6050.7. Environmental Effects Abroad of Major Department of Defense Actions.
31 March 1979.
b. JSN 3820.01E. Environmental Engineering Effects of DOD Actions. 30 September 2008.
1. Purpose. State the basis for invoking or requesting an exclusion or exemption from environmental
assessment for the supported operation.
2. Background. State facts identified in the planning process that support an exemption from the
requirement of environmental analysis and documentation.
3. Discussion. Provide factual rationale for invoking an exemption. Assign responsibility for making
exemption determination.
4. Determination. Identify and document the authority making the exemption determination.
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
C-12
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Environmental Appendix to the Engineering Annex For Army Operation Plans and Operation Orders
CLASSIFICATION
TAB C
(ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE SURVEYS) TO APPENDIX
5
(ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSIDERATIONS) TO ANNEX G (ENGINEERING) TO 54TH MECHANIZED DIVISION OPLAN 99-7 (U)
References:
a. DODD 6050.7. Environmental Effects Abroad of Major Department of Defense Actions. 31 March 1979.
b. JSN 3820.01E. Environmental Engineering Effects of DOD Actions. 30 September 2008.
1. Purpose. The primary purpose of an EBS is to identify environmental, health, and safety conditions that
pose a potential health threat to military personnel and civilians that occupy properties used by the United
States military in the TO. The secondary purpose is to document environmental conditions at the initial
occupancy of property to prevent the United States from receiving unfounded claims for past environmental
damages.
2. EBS Requirement. State the requirement for performing an EBS, the time by which the initial EBS is to be
completed, and the responsibilities for conducting and reporting.
3. Applicability. Describe conditions under which the EBS is required or may be waived.
4. Description. EBSs are divided into initial and closure investigations. The initial investigation is designed to
provide an initial overview of the property using real-time field sampling. The initial investigation is updated
when there are indications of the potential for significant environmental or health hazard and involves a more
comprehensive analysis designed to quantify an identified hazard. Comprehensive analysis requires more
time when it uses more specialized equipment that may not be available to all survey teams. The closure EBS
is a part of base camp closure standards, but is not limited to base camps (logistics areas, communications
sites, airfields, and staging areas). To effectively complete the closure report, it is essential to reference the
initial EBS (and update if applicable) and the log of periodic ECRs that have been completed on the particular
site/area. The ECR is completed on a periodic basis to document conditions at the site/area, as well as any
time a potentially significant environmental event occurs. See enclosure 2 of this tab for an example. This
description identifies the protocol to be used in conducting both the initial and closure EBSs. This may include
a checklist from a theater regulation or environmental compliance assessment or some other means of
guidance. Also address the frequency of ECRs and what constitutes a “significant environmental event.”
5. Support. List military or contractual support for conducting an EBS. This list may include training for unit
officers, preventive medicine personnel, chemical reconnaissance platoons, Logistics Civil Augmentation
Program, and USACE support.
6. Reporting. Describe report formats, reporting chain, and disposition.
Enclosures:
1. EBS.
2. ECR.
3. Maps, photographs, and digital data.
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
C-13
Appendix C
CLASSIFICATION
ENCLOSURE 1 (ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE SURVEY) TO TAB C (ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE
SURVEYS) TO APPENDIX 5 (ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS) TO ANNEX G (ENGINEERING)
TO 54TH MECHANIZED DIVISION OPLAN 99-7 (U)
References:
a. DODD 6050.7. Environmental Effects Abroad of Major DOD Actions. 31 March 1979.
b. JSN 3820.01E. Environmental Engineering Effects of DOD Actions. 30 September 2008.
c. DODD 6050.16. Policy for Establishing and Implementing Environmental Standards at Overseas
Installations. 20 September 1991.
d. Other applicable environmental laws and regulations.
e. Command guidance references.
f. For a closure EBS, the initial EBS (and any applicable update) and any ECRs are also reference
documents.
1. Site/Property Location. List the legal address and 6-digit military grid location or latitude and
longitude.
2. General Site Setting. Note whether the site was visually observed or identified from interviews or
record reviews. For an updated initial EBS or a closure EBS, the site should always be visually observed.
a. The methodology used and limitations encountered during the initial
(or updated) site
reconnaissance or the closure inspection. Describe the method used to reconnoiter the property; for
example, the use of grid patterns or other systematic approach. List and describe any limitations
encountered during the reconnaissance, such as physical obstructions, bodies of water, pavement,
weather, or uncooperative occupants.
b. The current uses of the property. Be as specific as possible.
c. The past uses of the property. List all known past property uses. If a past use is likely to have
involved the use, treatment, storage, disposal, or generation of HMs or petroleum products, include a
detailed description or indicators of this use. A closure EBS includes information obtained from ECRs as
well.
d. Current uses of adjoining properties. Be as specific as possible.
e. Past uses of adjoining properties. If a past use is likely to have indicated recognized adverse
environmental conditions, include a detailed description.
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
C-14
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Environmental Appendix to the Engineering Annex For Army Operation Plans and Operation Orders
CLASSIFICATION
f. Current or past uses of the surrounding areas. List general types of past uses, such as residential,
agricultural, or industrial. Limit surroundings to that which can be seen or would clearly affect the area, such
as upstream on a waterway.
g. Geologic, hydrogeologic, hydrologic, or topographic conditions. List the conditions and give a general
description of the topography in the area. If indicated, analyze the likelihood of contaminant migration on or to
the property through the soil or groundwater from the adjacent properties or the surrounding areas.
h. General description of structures. List the buildings and their locations, size, basic construction type,
stories, and approximate age.
i.
Roads. List all public thoroughfares adjoining the property and describe all roads, streets, parking
areas, and walkways.
j. Water supply. List and differentiate all sources of potable and nonpotable water.
k. Sewage disposal system. Describe sewage disposal systems on the property and their general
condition and approximate age.
3. Interior and Exterior Observations. To the extent visually/physically observed or identified from
interviews or record reviews (list actual source).
a. HM and petroleum products. Describe uses and types of products used on the property and the
approximate amount and storage conditions. Indicate if treatment, storage, disposal, or generation occurred
on the property.
b. Storage tanks. Describe size, location, condition, and approximate age of all above- and belowground
storage tanks.
c. Odors. Describe any noticeable odors and their source.
d. Pools of liquid. Note all surface water and describe all pools or sumps that contain water or other
liquids that may contain HM.
e. Drums. Describe all drums and their conditions. If they are known to contain no HM, list contents only.
f. Hazardous substances and petroleum products. Describe all products to include type, amount, and
manner/condition of storage.
g. Unidentified substance containers. Describe any open or damaged containers suspected of containing
HM or petroleum products.
h. PCBs. Include a description of electrical or hydraulic equipment likely to contain PCBs.
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
C-15
Appendix C
CLASSIFICATION
i. Interior observations of the following:
(1) Heating and cooling systems. Describe, to include the fuel source and amount on hand.
(2) Stains and corrosion. Describe stains on floors, walls, and ceilings.
(3) Drains and sumps. Describe floor drains and sumps.
j. Exterior observations of the following:
(1) Pits, ponds, and lagoons. Describe the pit, pond, or lagoon, especially if it may have been used
for HW disposal or waste treatment. Include a discussion and description of any on adjacent or adjoining
properties as well.
(2) Stained soil or pavement. Describe any stained soil or pavement.
(3) Stressed vegetation. Describe any stressed vegetation and probable cause.
(4) Solid waste. Describe any filled, graded, or mounded areas that would suggest the disposal of
trash or solid waste.
(5) Wastewater. Describe every discharge of a liquid into a stream or ditch that is adjacent to the
property.
(6) Wells. Locate and describe all wells (monitoring, potable, dry, irrigation, injection, or abandoned)
on the property.
(7) Septic systems. List indications or the existence of on-site septic systems or cesspools.
(8) Ambient air quality. Smog, smoke, and odors from industrial facilities and many HW products can
be detected easily. Terrain can also affect air quality. Mountains and canyons can cause temperature
inversions, which impact air quality. Setting up base camps with heating units and vehicles in an area prone
to temperature inversions can cause poor air quality. Prevailing winds should also be considered.
(9) Unexploded explosive ordnance. Identify and ensure clearance before occupation.
4. Deletions and Deviations. Describe all deviations or deletions from the protocol (checklist) used or the
environmental standards currently in use by the command. Discuss each one individually and in detail.
5. Findings and Conclusions Statement. List the protocol used for the survey, exceptions to the protocol,
and any evidence of recognized adverse environmental conditions.
6. Qualification Statement. List the qualifications and duty position(s) of the individual(s) preparing the
EBS.
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
C-16
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Environmental Appendix to the Engineering Annex For Army Operation Plans and Operation Orders
CLASSIFICATION
ENCLOSURE 2
(ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS REPORT) TO TAB C (ENVIRONMENTAL
BASELINE SURVEYS) TO APPENDIX 5 (ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS) TO ANNEX G
(ENGINEERING) TO 54TH MECHANIZED DIVISION OPLAN 99-7 (U)
References:
a. DODD 6050.7. Environmental Effects Abroad of Major DOD Actions. 31 March 1979.
b. JSN 3820.01E. Environmental Engineering Effects of DOD Actions. 30 September 2008.
c. DODD 6050.16. Policy for Establishing and Implementing Environmental Standards at Overseas
Installations. 20 September 1991.
d. Other applicable environmental laws and regulations, OPORD, and unit SOP.
e. Site specific EBS (if applicable).
f. Electronic Environmental Message Formats in tab E.
1. Site/Incident Location. List the legal address, 6-digit military grid location, latitude and longitude of
the incident location, or reference the applicable EBS to link the ECR to a given site. Refer to the
electronic environmental message formats at tab E. (The ECR functions as a situation report [SITREP],
or interim report, for a given site. The frequency of ECR reports is a higher headquarters decision but
supports the need to document the condition of a given site over time [interim snapshots], as well as
helping to ensure that an appropriate environmental focus is being maintained at a given site. The basic
format of the ECR may also be used when reporting an incident, such as a POL spill not related to a
given EBS or site location.)
2. Site/Incident Description and Background. Give a brief description of the site
(installation),
including its related EBS/historical use(s) or the circumstances surrounding the incident. For an incident
at a location not covered by an EBS, it is critical to provide the same sort of information contained in a
standard accident report.
3. Map/Description of the Incident Location. If the ECR is related to a site covered by an EBS, this
entry is able to relate to the information already provided in the EBS (a baseline document). If the ECR
defines a location where an incident has occurred that is not covered by an EBS, the description needs
to be adequate to direct a follow-on element to the site. In this respect, it is similar to the graves
registration report if the incident occurs during a tactical operation where time precludes remaining at the
site.
4. Summary of Environmental Conditions. List the environmental event(s) at the site/location. All
spills should be inventoried. If the ECR is a periodic report for a given site, significant events (such as
major spills) should have been reported using the basic ECR format. In this case, simply reference any
significant incident report ECRs that may have occurred at the given site over the time frame that the
periodic ECR covers. Also provide a “snapshot” report of the types of HW/HM that are stored at the site.
Describe minor spills and other events that have occurred over the time frame in question in basic terms,
including quantities and the method(s) used to clean the site.
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
C-17
Appendix C
CLASSIFICATION
Example: Four gallons of waste oil spilled at the hazardous waste accumulation site located northwest of
the maintenance building at 1600 hours on 16 December 2000. The 22d Military Police Battalion
contained the spill with assistance by White & Jones by
1725 hours. About
3 cubic yards of
contaminated soil was taken to the White & Jones HW disposal area in Juvonia.
Example: Raw sewage ran from a pump house behind the main warehouse (shown on map) for an
estimated 3 days during the initial stages of occupying the camp in early June 2000. The problem was
identified on 13 June and corrected when the pump was repaired on 14 June.
Example: A fuel tanker overturned at the road intersection vicinity NV
123456
(see map) at
092000 November 2000 during the road march to Bigtown. Immediate mitigation included spill
containment by the employment of all available spill kits with the unit. Higher headquarters was
immediately notified. An estimated 4,000 gallons of jet petroleum-8 spilled at that site. The vehicle has
been righted, and excavation of the site will begin at first light, 10 November.
5. Interior and Exterior Observations. These entries should be viewed as an abbreviated version of
the information that would be found in an EBS. Items should only be addressed if they differ from the
last ECR or vary from the initial EBS.
6. Findings and Determinations With Qualification Statement. A statement similar to the following
should appear in this paragraph of the ECR:
According to _________ Reg _______, I have considered whether or not significant environmental
impacts will occur as a result of turnover/return of this site (base camp or logistics area) and have
determined that (include one of the following statements):
a. Turnover of this base camp area will not result in environmental impacts significant
enough to warrant additional environmental analysis.
OR
b. Turnover of this base camp area will result in environmental impacts significant enough
to warrant additional environmental analysis. Environmental actions or projects must continue after
transfer of the base camp area because of substantial (imminent) threat to human health or safety. The
impacts of concern are (list impacts):
(If the report is due to an incident not connected to a specific site/installation, this paragraph
is an assessment by the commander/individual on the scene.)
John Q. Jones
MAJ, QM
Mayor, Camp Swampy
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
C-18
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Environmental Appendix to the Engineering Annex For Army Operation Plans and Operation Orders
CLASSIFICATION
TAB E
(ELECTRONIC ENVIRONMENTAL MESSAGE FORMATS) TO APPENDIX
5
(ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS) TO ANNEX G (ENGINEERING) TO 54TH MECHANIZED
DIVISION OPLAN 99-7 (U)
References: FM 6-99.2. U.S. Army Reports and Message Formats. 30 May 2007.
Environmental Condition Report
REPORT NUMBER: E035
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: Use to send periodic information
(interim snapshots) of the
environmental status of specific sites (assembly areas, base camps, logistical support areas, and
medical facilities) where hazards are likely to occur, which can result in significant, immediate and/or
long-term effects on the natural environment and/or health of friendly forces and noncombatants. Send
in accordance with unit SOPs and commander’s direction.
LINE 1—DATE AND TIME _______________________________ (Date-time group [DTG])
LINE 2—UNIT _________________________________________ (Unit making report)
LINE 3—LOCATION ____________________________________ (Universal traverse mercator [UTM]
or
6-digit grid coordinate with
military grid reference system
(MGRS) grid zone designator of
site/incident)
LINE 4—DESCRIPTION _________________________________ (Description of site/incident)
LINE 5—CHANGES ____________________________________ (Changes from last ECR or EBS)
LINE 6—HAZARDS
(Hazards to natural environment,
friendly forces, and/or civilian
personnel)
LINE 7—ACTIONS _____________________________________ (Summary of actions to minimize
hazards/remedial effects)
LINE 8—UNIT POC _____________________________________ (Reporting unit point of contact)
LINE 9—ASSISTANCE __________________________________ (Assistance required/requested)
LINE 10—REFERENCE _________________________________ (Site-specific EBS, if required)
LINE 11—NARRATIVE __________________________________ (Free text for additional information
required for clarification of report)
LINE 12—AUTHENTICATION_____________________________ (Report authentication)
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
C-19
Appendix C
CLASSIFICATION
2.
(
) Electronic Spill Report Message Format.
TITLE: SPILL REPORT
(Not currently shown in FM 6-99.2)
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: Used to send timely information or status of an oil, hazardous material, or
hazardous waste spill that could have immediate environmental and/or health effects. Sent in
accordance with SOP and commander’s direction.
NOTE: Spill reporting and reportable quantities are mandated by federal and local law.
LINE 1—DATE AND TIME _______________________________ (DTG)
LINE 2—UNIT _________________________________________ (Unit making report)
LINE 3—DATE/TIME ____________________________________ (DTG of spill discovery)
LINE 4—MATERIAL ____________________________________ (Material spilled)
LINE 5—QUANTITY ____________________________________ (Quantity of spilled material)
LINE 6—LOCATION ____________________________________ (UTM or 6-digit grid coordinate with
MGRS grid zone designator of spill)
LINE 7—CAUSE _______________________________________ (Cause and supervising unit)
LINE 8—SIZE _________________________________________ (Size of affected area)
LINE 9—DAMAGE
(Damage to the natural environment,
if required)
LINE 10—HAZARDS ____________________________________ (Hazards to natural environment,
friendly
forces,
and/or civilian
personnel)
LINE 11—ACTIONS ____________________________________ (Summary of actions taken)
LINE 12—UNIT POC ____________________________________ (Supervising unit POC)
LINE 13—ASSISTANCE _________________________________ (Assistance required/requested)
LINE 14—NARRATIVE
(Free text for additional information
required for clarification of report)
LINE 15—AUTHENTICATION_____________________________ (Report authentication)
CLASSIFICATION
Figure C-1. Sample appendix 5 (environmental) to annex G (engineering) (continued)
C-20
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Appendix D
Environmentally Related Risk Assessment
CRM is the process of identifying and controlling hazards to conserve combat power
and resources. Risk decisions should be based on awareness rather than mechanical
habit. Leaders should act with a keen appreciation for the essential factors making
each situation unique, rather than reacting with a conditioned response. Commanders
consider U.S. government civilians and contract support personnel in the CRM
process. Regardless of enemy actions, hazards may exist in areas with no direct
enemy contact and in areas outside enemy influence.
OVERVIEW
D-1. Risk decisions are the commander’s responsibility. Such decisions are normally based on the next
higher commander’s guidance in determining an acceptable level of risk for the mission. Except in extreme
circumstances, risk decisions should be made at the lowest possible level.
D-2. Both leaders and staff manage risk. Staff members continually look for hazards associated with their
areas of expertise; then they recommend controls to reduce risks. Hazards and their resulting risks may
vary as circumstances change and as experience is gained. Leaders and individual military personnel serve
as assessors for ever-changing hazards, such as those associated with the environment (weather; visibility;
and contaminated air, water, and soil), equipment readiness, individual and unit experience, and fatigue.
Leaders should advise the chain of command on risk and risk reduction measures.
COMPOSITE RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS AND
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
D-3. The CRM process is the process of identifying, assessing, and controlling environmental risk arising
from operational factors and making decisions that balance that environmental risk with mission benefits.
This description integrates CRM into the MDMP. FM 5-19 outlines the multi-Service CRM process and
provides the framework for integrated CRM as a routine part of planning, preparing, and executing
operational missions and everyday tasks. Assessing environmentally related risks is part of the total CRM
process. These steps identify specific environmental considerations that a commander and his staff must
follow:
z
Step 1. Identify (environmental) hazards.
z
Step 2. Assess (environmental) hazards.
z
Step 3. Develop controls and make decisions.
z
Step 4. Implement controls.
z
Step 5. Supervise and evaluate.
D-4. Knowledge of environmental factors is key to planning and decisionmaking. With this knowledge,
leaders quantify risks, detect problem areas, reduce the risk of injury or death, reduce property damage, and
ensure compliance with environmental laws and regulations. Leaders should conduct risk assessments
using DA Form 7566 (Composite Risk Management Worksheet) before initiating any training, operations,
or logistical activities.
D-5. Figure D-1, page D-2, shows a completed sample of DA Form 7566. Items 1 through 4c contain
general information. Item 5 lists the tasks associated with the mission or task. Steps 1 through 5 in the
following paragraphs explain how to fill in items 6 through 12.
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
D-1
Environmentally Related Risk Assessment
STEP 1. IDENTIFY ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
D-6. Leaders identify environmental hazards during the mission analysis
(see figure D-1, item
6).
Environmental hazards include all activities that may pollute, create negative noise-related effects, degrade
archaeological/cultural resources, or negatively affect habitats of threatened or endangered species.
Geospatial engineering can help the staff visualize and assess those hazards associated with the physical
environment. Table D-1 lists common environmental hazards identified by environmental media areas.
Table D-1. Common environmental hazards
Element
Hazard
Equipment exhaust
Convoy dust
Range fires
Open-air burning
Air
Pyrotechnics/smoke pots/smoke grenades
Parts-washer emissions
Paint emissions
Air-conditioner/refrigeration CFCs
HM/HW release
Sensitive area maneuver
Sensitive areas digging
Artifact disturbance or removal
Archaeological/Cultural
Demolition/munitions effects
HM/HW spills
Sonic booms/prop wash
Low-flying aircraft (helicopters)
Demolition/munitions effects
Nighttime operations
Noise
Operations near post/camp boundaries and civilian populace
Vehicle convoys/maneuvers
Large-scale exercises
Sensitive area maneuver
Demolition/munitions effects, especially during breeding seasons
Individual species disturbance or habitat
Threatened/
HM/HW spills or releases
Endangered Species
Poor field sanitation
Improper cutting of vegetation
Coral reef damage
Maneuver area overuse
Demolition/munitions effects
Range fires
Poor field sanitation
Poor maneuver damage control
Soil (Terrain)
Erosion
Troop construction effects
Refueling operations
HM/HW spills
Ecologically sensitive areas (such as wetlands and tundra) maneuver
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
D-3
Appendix D
Table D-1. Common environmental hazards (continued)
Element
Hazard
• Refueling operations near water sources
• HM/HW spills
• Erosion and unchecked drainage
Water
• Amphibious/water-crossing operations
• Troop construction effects
• Poor field sanitation
• Vehicle washing at unapproved sites
STEP 2. ASSESS ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
D-7. Risk assessment is a three-stage process used to determine the risk of potential harm to the
environment. Leaders consider two factors—probability and severity. Probability is the frequency with
which an environmental hazard is likely to occur. Severity is the effect a hazard will have on the
environment. Probability and severity are estimates requiring individual judgment and a working
knowledge of the CRM process and its terminology. Table D-2 defines the five degrees of probability for a
hazard; and table D-3 defines the four degrees of severity.
Table D-2. Hazard probability chart
(A) Frequent: Occurs very often, continuously experienced
Occurs very often in service life; expected to occur several times over the
Single item
duration of a specific mission or operation; always occurs
Occurs continuously during a specific mission or operation or over a service
Fleet or inventory of items
life
Occurs very often in career; expected to occur several times during mission or
Individual Soldier or Marine
operation; always occurs
All Soldiers and Marines
Occurs continuously during a specific mission or operation
exposed
(B) Likely: Occurs several times
Occurs several times in service life; expected to occur during a specific
Single item
mission or operation
Occurs at a high rate, but experienced intermittently (regular intervals,
Fleet or inventory of items
generally often)
Occurs several times in career; expected to occur during a specific mission or
Individual Soldier or Marine
operation
All Soldiers and Marines
Occurs at a high rate, but experienced intermittently
exposed
(C) Occasional: Occurs sporadically
Occurs sometime in service life; may occur with equal frequency during a
Single item
specific mission or operation
Fleet or inventory of items
Occurs several times in service life
Occurs sometime in career; may occur during a specific mission or operation,
Individual Soldier or Marine
but not often
All Soldiers and Marines
Occurs sporadically (irregularly, sparsely, or sometimes)
exposed
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FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Environmentally Related Risk Assessment
Table D-2. Hazard probability chart (continued)
(D) Seldom: Remotely possible; could occur at some time
Occurs in service life, but only remotely possible; not expected to occur during
Single item
a specific mission or operation
Occurs as isolated incidents; possible to occur sometime in service life but
Fleet or inventory of items
rarely; usually does not occur
Occurs as isolated incident during a career; remotely possible but not
Individual Soldier or Marine
expected to occur during a specific mission or operation
All Soldiers and Marines
Occurs rarely within exposed population as isolated incidents
exposed
(E) Unlikely: Can assume will not occur, but not impossible
Occurrence not impossible; but may assume will almost never occur in service
Single item
life; may assume will not occur during a specific mission or operation
Occurs very rarely (almost never or is improbable); incidents may occur over
Fleet or inventory of items
service life
Occurrence not impossible, but may assume will not occur in career or during
Individual Soldier or Marine
a specific mission or operation
All Soldiers and Marines
Occurs very rarely, but not impossible
exposed
Table D-3. Hazard severity chart
Type
Description
Loss of ability to accomplish the mission or mission failure
Death or permanent total disability (accident risk)
Loss of major or mission-critical system or equipment
Catastrophic (I)
Major property (facility) damage; severe environmental damage
Mission-critical security failure
Unacceptable collateral damage
Significantly (severely) degraded mission capability or unit readiness
Permanent partial disability
Temporary total disability exceeding 3 months (accident risk)
Critical (II)
Extensive (major) damage to equipment or systems
Significant damage to property or the environment
Security failure
Significant collateral damage
Degraded mission capability or unit readiness
Minor damage to equipment or systems, property, or the environment
Marginal (III)
Lost day due to injury or illness, not exceeding 3 months (accident risk)
Minor damage to property or the environment
Little or no adverse impact on mission capability
First aid or minor medical treatment (accident risk)
Negligible (IV)
Slight equipment or system damage but fully functional and serviceable
Little or no property or environmental damage
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
D-5
Appendix D
Stage 1
D-8. A leader assesses the probability of each hazard. For each hazard (item 6 of DA Form 7566)
identified, he would determine—
z
A vehicle accident or breakdown causing a fuel/HM spill would seldom happen. This
assessment is based on experience and the information provided in table D-2, page D-4.
z
Spills during refueling stops may occasionally be expected. This is based on his judgment and
the information provided in table D-2.
z
Maneuver damage from off-road movement could happen frequently. This is based on his
working knowledge and the information provided in table D-2.
Stage 2
D-9. A leader assesses the severity of each hazard identified. Definitions for the degree of severity are not
absolutes; they are more conditional and are related to mission variables. A leader must use his experience,
judgment, lessons learned, and SMEs to help determine the degrees of severity.
D-10. A leader uses the determinations from Stage 1 with the severity caused by an occurrence in Stage 2
to determine the overall risk of each hazard. From the information in figure D-1, page D-2, a leader would
determine—
z
A vehicle accident or breakdown causing a fuel/HM spill could be significant and cause major
damage to the environment. The severity would be critical. This is based on experience and the
information provided in table D-3, page D-5.
z
Spills during refueling stops could cause minor damage to the environment. The severity would
be marginal. This is based on his judgment and the information provided in table D-3.
z
Maneuver damage from off-road movement would cause little or no environmental damage. The
severity would be negligible. This is based on his working knowledge and the information
provided in table D-3.
Stage 3
D-11. First, a leader determines the risk level of each hazard. Next, using the defined degrees of probability
and severity and the risk assessment matrix (see table D-4), the overall environmentally related risk level is
determined.
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16 February 2010
Environmentally Related Risk Assessment
Table D-4. Risk assessment matrix
Severity
Probability
Frequent (A)
Likely (B)
Occasional (C)
Seldom (D)
Unlikely (E)
Catastrophic (I)
E
E
H
H
M
Critical (II)
E
H
H
M
L
Marginal (III)
H
M
M
L
L
Negligible (IV)
M
L
L
L
L
Risk Categories
Extremely High (E)
Mission failure if hazardous incidents occur during mission; a frequent or likely probability of catastrophic loss (IA or
IB) or frequent probability of critical loss (IIA) occurs.
High (H)
Significantly degraded mission capabilities in terms of required mission standard, failing to accomplish all aspects of
the mission, or not completing the mission to standard (if hazards occur during mission); occasional to seldom
probability of catastrophic loss (IC or ID); a likely to occasional probability of a critical loss occurring (IIB or IIC) with
materials, frequent probability of marginal (IIIA) losses.
Moderate (M)
Expected degraded mission capabilities in terms of required mission standard; reduced mission capability (if hazards
occur during mission); unlikely probability of catastrophic loss (IE). The probability of a critical loss occurring is
seldom (IID). Marginal losses occur with a probability of no more often than likely (IIIB or IIIC). Negligible (IVA) losses
are a frequent probability.
Low (L)
Expected losses have little or no impact on accomplishing the mission. The probability of critical loss is unlikely (IIE),
while that of marginal loss is no more often than seldom (IIID through IIIE).
D-12. For the hazards identified in table D-1, page D-3, a leader would determine—
z
Vehicle accidents and breakdowns causing fuel/HM spills would seldom happen; but if they did,
the severity could be critical. Based on this information and table D-4 (severity row, critical;
probability column, seldom), he determines the overall assessment to be moderate.
z
Spills during refueling stops will happen occasionally; when they do, the severity will be
marginal. Based on this information and table D-4 (severity row, marginal; probability column,
occasional), he determines the overall assessment to be moderate.
z
Maneuver damage from vehicle off-road movement will happen frequently. The damage caused
by this movement would be negligible. Based on this information and table D-4 (severity row,
negligible; probability column, frequent), he determines the overall assessment to be moderate.
D-13. These determinations are then entered on the assessments in item 7 of DA Form 7566.
STEP 3. DEVELOP ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS AND MAKE DECISIONS
D-14. Controls eliminate or reduce the probability or severity of each hazard, thereby lowering the overall
risk. Controls may consist of one of the categories listed in table D-5, page D-8, which also lists examples.
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
D-7
Appendix D
Table D-5. Environmentally related controls
Control Type
Environmentally Related Examples
Conducting unit environmental awareness training
Conducting an environmental briefing before deployment
Performing tasks to environmental standards
Educational
Reviewing environmental considerations in AARs
Reading unit environmental SOPs and policies
Conducting spill prevention training
Publishing an environmental annex/appendix to the OPORD/OPLAN
Providing spill prevention equipment
Establishing a field trash collection point and procedures
Establishing a field satellite accumulation point and procedures
Physical
Policing field locations
Practicing good field sanitation
Filling in fighting positions
Posting signs and warnings for off-limits areas
Maneuvering around historical/cultural sites
Establishing refueling and maintenance areas away from wetlands and drainage
areas
Crossing streams at approved sites
Avoidance
Preventing pollution
Limiting noise in habitats of endangered and threatened species
Avoiding refueling over water sources
Curtailing live vegetation use for camouflage
D-15. Many
environmental risk controls are simply extensions of good management, housekeeping,
operations security, and leadership practices. Risk reduction controls may include rehearsals, change of
venue, establishment of procedures, and increased supervision. Using the information from table D-5, a
leader completes item 8 on DA Form 7566.
D-16. Once all practicable risk control measures are in place, some risk will always remain. Based on the
controls that he develops, a leader reassesses the hazards using the procedures from step 2. Once he
determines the residual risk for each hazard, he completes item 9 on DA Form 7566. Based on the highest
residual risk determination in item 9, this becomes the overall mission/task risk and is checked in block 13.
The residual risk requires the commander’s attention, and he will decide whether or not to accept the risk.
The commander may direct his subordinates to consider additional controls or a change in the COA.
STEP 4. IMPLEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS
D-17. Implementing controls requires informing all subordinates of the risk control measures. To do this, a
leader defines the controls by completing item 10 of DA Form 7566. He should state the way in which
each control will be implemented and assign responsibility for the implementation by completing item 11
on DA Form 7566. For example, if the control measures are for a fuel spill hazard, a leader ensures that
operators are properly trained to dispense fuel and that appropriate spill equipment is available. Then he
must ensure that these controls are in place before an operation.
D-18. A leader must anticipate environmental requirements and incorporate them as part of his long-, short-,
and near-term planning. The key to success is identifying the who, what, where, when, and how aspects of
each control. This information should be entered on DA Form 7566.
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FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Environmentally Related Risk Assessment
STEP 5. SUPERVISE AND EVALUATE
D-19. Leaders continuously monitor controls throughout an operation to ensure their effectiveness and to
modify them as required. To this end, leaders—
z
Make on-the-spot corrections and evaluate individual and collective performances.
z
Hold those in charge accountable.
z
Require performance of all tasks to applicable environmental standards.
z
Ensure that the AAR process includes an evaluation of environmentally related hazards,
controls, Soldier and Marine performance, and leader supervision.
z
Ensure that environmental lessons learned are developed for use in future operations.
D-20. Each control identified and implemented must be evaluated (item 12 on DA Form 7566) to
determine if the control was adequate for the associated risk. This evaluation should include feedback
provided to the Soldiers and Marines associated with the risk.
SUMMARY
D-21. The ability of a leader to identify hazards is key. A reality in today’s missions is that the aspect of a
hazard can change rapidly. Items of little initial risk can quickly become major threats due to unforeseen
natural or man-made events. Leaders must be aware of this possibility. Complacency concerning existing
controls in rapidly changing situations should be viewed as a hazard itself.
D-22. Completing the risk assessment alone, while failing to identify effective controls, usually results in a
go or no-go decision based on the initial risk. If risk assessment does not accurately identify hazards and
determine the level of residual risk, a leader is likely to make a risk decision based on incomplete or
inaccurate information. If the risk assessment places missions in a routine, low-risk category, the
commander may not be informed of a risk decision, resulting in a risk level that could imperil his higher
commander’s intent and other organizations. The CRM process is intended to provide reasonable controls
to support mission accomplishment.
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
D-9
Appendix E
Environmental Baseline Survey
The EBS is a multidiscipline site survey. It is conducted during the initial stage of
any Service or joint operational deployment and followed by a closeout survey when
a site is returned to the foreign nation or when joint forces depart the site. The EBS
documents existing deployment area environmental conditions (to include cultural),
determines the likelihood for present and past site contamination (such as hazardous
substances, petroleum products, and derivatives), and identifies potential
vulnerabilities (to include occupational and environmental health risks). The closeout
survey defines the conditions existing at the time of departure from a site and
documents any changes/variations in conditions from the EBS. Surveys
accomplished in conjunction with operational deployments that do not involve
training or exercises (contingency/expeditionary operations) should be completed to
the extent practicable, consistent with operational requirements for all occupations
exceeding 30 days. In cases where less than 30 days of occupation are expected, an
environmental assessment should still be conducted to support Servicemember FHP.
The EBS is generally performed in conjunction with an EHSA.
PREPARATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SURVEY
E-1. This appendix provides guidance for the preparation of the EBS. Environmental reconnaissance (see
FM 3-34.170/MCWP 3-17.4) is conducted to collect the information necessary for the EBS. The
reconnaissance is typically focused by information requirements identified by environmental staff planners
researching the potential AO. An EBS is typically performed by or with support from general engineer
elements, including an on-site visit by environmental specialists as soon as the situation permits. However,
engineer reconnaissance teams may need to perform an initial site assessment prior to an EBS with or
without assistance from general engineers. While this appendix provides guidance to the general engineer
and environmental specialist for completing a detailed EBS, including the site survey, it can also guide the
engineer reconnaissance team conducting an initial assessment to begin development of the EBS.
PREPARATION
E-2. The EBS addressed in this manual is focused for use during contingency/expeditionary operations
where other established foreign nation agreements or arrangements for a base camp site may not exist.
(See FM 3-34.400 for specific planning considerations). Guidance should be provided in annex L of the
joint OPORD/OPLAN to direct the conduct of surveys, especially in those situations where specific
foreign nation agreements or arrangements may not exist or a foreign nation government may not be
operating. It may also come from appendix 5 (Environmental Considerations) to annex G (Engineering) of
an OPORD/OPLAN. Through the use of the EBS, Services can maintain situational awareness, maximize
combat power, and reduce and/or eliminate the negative effects of occupational health and environmental
exposures.
E-3. The primary purposes of an EBS are:
(1) the protection of Service personnel
(eliminating,
minimizing, or mitigating environmental health risks to Servicemembers); (2) sustainability determination
of a designated location (includes encroachment considerations and potential requirements to increase the
population of Servicemembers or actions performed at a site); (3) sensitivities involved with cultural or
architectural considerations; (4) and minimizing any potential U.S. liability for the condition of a site at the
time U.S. forces depart. Environmental specialists initiate EBS planning and preparation during the initial
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
E-1
Appendix E
planning stages of any military operation through deliberate information gathering and staff estimates.
These specialists include, but are not limited to, engineer and medical expertise that incorporate medical
intelligence and geospatial information in the planning process. While containing some considerations of
FHP, the EBS is not a complete medical assessment and so is always linked to the conduct of the EHSA
and ideally accomplished in direct conjunction with this document and process.
E-4. Researching the AO and the specific potential sites that the operational commander will want to
inhabit and use for base camps, airfields, logistic sites, and other relatively permanent locations in an AO
are part of the staff planning process. This includes map reconnaissance with supporting geospatial
products, review of medical information and intelligence about a site, and any other information obtainable
(historical or current information) about proposed locations during the planning process. The respective
staff estimates by the engineer, surgeon, logistician, joint staff/component/brigade or battalion
civil-military operations officer (J-9/G-9/S-9) (with CA support), and others must include this assessment
as a part of their normal planning process to evaluate all relevant environmental considerations. The
preparation work performed at this point is not considered an EBS, but rather the preparation work to
minimize the likelihood of choosing poor sites from an environmental and FHP viewpoint. If adequate
information is not available on likely sites to be used, this information becomes information requirements
that are fed into the IPB. Some of these may be critical enough to be considered a PIR. All of this
assessment process is a part of the predeployment work required to ultimately create EBSs for each specific
site, but does not in itself create an EBS. A physical visit of each site by environmental specialists is
required for an EBS to be completed. Similarly, while research and preparation are completed to be able to
perform a site closeout, a physical survey is required for one to be accomplished.
E-5. The preventive aspects present through the planning of required EBSs serve as a force multiplier and
mission enabler through the early identification of environmental, health, and safety conditions that may
pose potential health threats to military personnel and civilians that occupy designated areas within the
theater of operations. They also assist in making recommendations on a particular site by taking into
consideration suitability
(to include both natural and cultural considerations) and sustainability
determinations for that site. It is critical to obtain an assessment of projected/sustained use for a site and a
projected duration of use for a given site from the operational planners. The engineer staff officer is
directly involved and uses this information in the engineer support plan and integrates this information into
staff planning.
IMPLEMENTATION
E-6. Estimates from the planning process are confirmed or adjusted based on physical site inspection
during the EBS. An EBS is conducted for any base camp or similar site that will be in existence for more
than 30 days. Ideally, the EBS will be accomplished in conjunction with an EHSA. This survey (and
potential preceding assessment) conducted during contingency/expeditionary operations documents
environmental conditions before (or immediately after) the occupation of any base camp or related site.
This serves to protect Servicemembers by documenting property suitability as well as prevent the United
States from receiving unfounded claims for past environmental damage.
E-7. While damage claims are the primary focus for many of the other EBSs performed by the DOD, it is
of secondary importance in supporting the operational commander during contingency operations. When
ultimately departing from a site, a closure survey is completed using the same basic format as the EBS to
provide comparative information documenting the change in conditions over the life of occupation of that
site by Servicemembers.
E-8. The importance of a standardized multi-Service format should be apparent. This format is intended
to include adequate minimal medical considerations in the case where an EHSA is not able to be conducted
in conjunction with the EBS. While each situation/site will be unique, the format for the EBS is intended to
provide the standardized multi-Service framework for completion of the physical survey/assessment.
Additional applicable references and tools are also listed with this template. See table E-1, page E-4.
E-9. In between the time frame of the EBS and the closure report is a requirement to periodically conduct
inspections of the base camp or other similar facility to ensure that environmental considerations are being
actively incorporated in the life of the site. This report is called an ECR and is focused on how well the
E-2
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
16 February 2010
Environmental Baseline Survey
commander of that site is applying relevant and directed environmental considerations. ECRs will be
conducted for as long as the site is occupied and not less than on a quarterly basis to measure the
environmental health/status of the base camp or similar site. These are ideally linked to medical survey
efforts to both combine their effect and to minimize their administrative effects on the command. A
standardized template is included as figure E-1, page E-6.
ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE SURVEY CONTENT
E-10. Ideally, an EBS will be prepared to the fullest extent possible for each site to document
environmental and environmental health conditions prior to the time of Servicemember arrival. This
snapshot provides immediate information to the commander and creates a baseline record of conditions at
that time. At some point, it is also likely that a closure report will be completed, but this is not the focus of
the commander occupying the site. The EBS investigation is designed to provide the commander and his
staff with an overview of the designated location/site using real-time field sampling, historical information,
and readily available intelligence. Information sources include—
z
IPB.
z
Current reconnaissance reports of a given location/site.
z
Intelligence reports.
z
Digital information sources (National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Armed Forces Medical
Intelligence Center, Defense Intelligence Agency, and others).
z
Other geospatial information and products.
E-11. Deliberate information gathering and research for environmentally specific and historical
information must be part of the investigative process in the execution of the EBS. This will include
interviews with personnel having knowledge of the designated location to gain historical information about
a site if possible. In some cases this may be performed by real estate personnel before a site is ever
occupied.
E-12. A physical site inspection is performed by environmental specialists to obtain firsthand visual and
physical information pertaining to the property to identify recognized environmental conditions and
characteristics. The linkage of environmental and occupational health hazards are integrated as a part of the
inspection. These inspections include the information categories contained in the EBS format. As a
minimum, this inspection should include—
z
Physical description and condition. Note the condition and location of facilities/improvements
(if applicable), including the presence of buildings and other structures. Also record sites of
known contamination within or immediately adjacent to the property boundaries and, if possible,
try to determine the contaminant(s) of concern and the media affected. Include information, if
available, on any remediation efforts and sampling conducted.
z
Historical use(s) and user(s). Identify any visual and physical indications of past use(s) that may
have impacted the property through the use, treatment, storage, disposal, or generation of
hazardous substances or petroleum products. Include a list of past owners, occupants, and past
uses of the property where available.
z
Adjacent land use. The general type of property usage (such as residential, commercial, or
industrial) should be documented. Identify any visual and physical indications (such as soil
staining or stressed vegetations) of current and past land use practices that may be indicative of
a contaminant release.
z
Soil type and land cover. Note the soil type and general types of vegetation present on the
property. Include in this paragraph any observations of stressed vegetation and potential causes
(such as hazardous substances or petroleum product release, lack of irrigation, or high-traffic
area).
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
E-3
Appendix E
z
Hydrologic and geologic features. In this portion, include hydrologic features important to
drainage, such as creeks, ditches, and riverbeds.
z
Water supply. Identify any sources of potable water on the property as well as an estimated
associated capacity. Note the presence of water facilities, such as pump stations, storage tanks,
system age and condition, and its components. In addition, document any wastewater or other
liquids discharging from the property into a drain, ditch, stream, or on or adjacent to the
location/property.
Table E-1. Environmental baseline survey format
3.2.1.
Current use of site
1.
Cover page for EBS
3.2.2.
Historical use of site
1.1. Title will be “Environmental Baseline Survey”
3.3. Use of adjoining properties
1.2. Location identification
3.3.1.
Current use of adjoining properties
1.2.1.
This identification will indicate the
location’s recognized name or similar
3.3.2.
Historical use of adjoining properties
means of identification, i.e., Logistics
4.
Site description
Staging Area Doe
4.1. Location. General description of the site
1.2.2.
Name of city, township, or AO for the
location that will include the following
location of the site
information:
1.3. Identification of lead surveyor
4.1.1.
Detailed description of the site
1.3.1.
Organization/agency with
location
responsibility for conducting EBS
4.1.2.
Organization designated for
1.3.2.
Standard name line of project leader
occupation of the site
1.3.3.
Period of survey
4.1.3.
Grid location of the area
1.3.3.1. Start date of survey
4.1.4.
Map series
1.3.3.2. End date of survey
4.2. Site and vicinity characteristics
1.3.4.
DSN telephone number (if available)
4.2.1.
Physical setting
2.
Executive summary (separate page)
4.2.2.
Topography
2.1. Findings. Written to provide users of the EBS
4.2.3.
Geology
a broad overview of the findings regarding
4.2.4.
Soils
the designated location where the EBS was
4.2.5.
Vegetation
conducted. Discuss specific PIRs
addressed/evaluated in the EBS
4.2.6.
Hydrology
2.2. Recommendations. General
4.2.7.
Raw materials
recommendations to be considered by users
4.3. Detailed Site Description
of the EBS that notes any controls or actions
4.3.1.
Structures
that should be addressed.
4.3.2.
Roads
Recommendations must be supported by
findings during the execution of the EBS
4.3.3.
Drinking Water Sources
2.3. Notes. General comments regarding
4.3.4.
Waste disposal
sampling, additional testing conducted, and
4.3.5.
Other improvements
related items considered during the
4.4. Use of site
development of the recommendations in
line 2.2
5.
Information sources and supporting documents
Introduction
3.
3.1. Provide purpose of the EBS, include PIRs to
be addressed
3.2. Limitations of assessment in the execution of
the EBS
E-4
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
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Environmental Baseline Survey
Table E-1. Environmental baseline survey format (continued)
6.
Information from site reconnaissance
7. Environmental and environmental health sampling
data
6.1. Background of location upon identification for
occupation
7.1. Sampling and analysis plan(s), to include
justification for number, type, and location of
6.2. Detailed analysis of information gathered in
samples collected, as well as analysis to be
that includes (but not limited to):
performed on the samples collected.
6.2.1.
Presence of animals or other vectors
Sampling should be identified as either
such as insects (for example,
confirmation or delineation
mosquitoes and sand flies)
7.2. Sampling results analysis, to include a
6.2.2.
Potential radioactive sources
summary table of sampling results
(present or past)
7.3. Environmental health site assessment
6.2.3.
Hazards and health risks
summary (if applicable)
6.2.3.1. Site specific
8. Findings and conclusions
6.2.3.2. Offset site
8.1. Identification of environmental conditions that
6.2.4.
Environmental hazards
have the potential for significant impacts to
6.2.4.1. Site specific
health or mission
6.2.4.2. Offset site
8.2. Detailed concerns
6.2.5.
Waste disposal
9. Recommendations
6.2.5.1. Current status
9.1.
Usability
6.2.5.2. Historical perspective
9.2.
Further investigation and additional
assessments required to fully address
6.2.5.3. Planned Improvements or
concerns
changes
9.3.
Identify and recommend controls to address
6.2.6.
Agricultural implications
concerns where applicable
6.2.6.1. Site specific
6.2.6.2. Offset site
6.2.7.
Identified environmental and
environmental health hazards
6.2.7.1. Historical
6.2.7.2. Present
6.2.7.3. Potential future
6.2.8.
Site assessment, to include detailed
walk-through with building and
infrastructure assessments
SUSTAINED SITE SURVEYS
E-13. The primary purpose of a base camp is mission support, synchronized with the overall military
mission of the deployed force. To execute mission support, a base camp must provide force protection to
deployed forces, resource management of critical infrastructure, training opportunities for deployed forces
and permanent party, and maintenance of the facilities. Included in that mission support is the continued
application of environmental considerations, to include the critical aspects of FHP. This includes periodic,
sustained site surveys/assessments similar to those performed by an installation staff. The ECR (see
figure E-1, page E-6) assists with that requirement.
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
E-5
Appendix F
Hazardous Material/Hazardous Waste Management
Procedures for Field Operations
This appendix provides guidance for assisting units in the proper management of
HM/HW during operations. Proper management practices will safeguard the health of
military personnel and protect the environment. Additionally, these measures will
ease logistical burdens and produce cost savings through HW minimization and P2.
They are intended to assist military personnel in the development of unit and
operation-specific SOPs for HM/HW management in any AO. Although this
appendix focuses on maneuver brigade and battalion operations, the information
provided may be adapted to company- and platoon-size units during any operation.
REFERENCES
F-1. Key references for HM/HW handling are as follows:
z
29 CFR and 40 CFR.
z
Applicable laws and regulations regarding HM usage and waste management (consult your
higher headquarters or supporting environmental management office).
z
OPLANs and OPORDs.
z
TM 38-410.
z
Unit SOPs.
z
USACHPPM TG-217.
RESPONSIBILITIES
F-2. Many commodities used by the military are hazardous or contain HMs with special requirements for
storage and handling. The dangers posed by these items may be serious, and personnel should be aware of
the domestic and international laws and regulations associated with them. These laws and regulations place
special emphasis on communicating the hazards associated with these products, as exposure may result in
serious personal injury, permanent disabilities, and even death. Property and the environment may also be
damaged or destroyed. It is imperative that all military personnel recognize and understand the hazards
associated with these commodities.
HAZARDOUS MATERIAL/HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT
PROGRAM
F-3. Proper management of HM/HW during operations is critical to the protection of human health and
the environment. Without a management program backed by command emphasis, military personnel, and
the environment are at risk of potential exposure to HM/HW.
16 February 2010
FM 3-34.5/MCRP 4-11B
F-1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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