FM 3-52.3 JATC MULTI-SERVICE PROCEDURES FOR JOINT AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL (JULY 2003) - page 4

 

  Главная      Manuals     FM 3-52.3 JATC MULTI-SERVICE PROCEDURES FOR JOINT AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL (JULY 2003)

 

Search            copyright infringement  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Content      ..     2      3      4     

 

 

 

 

FM 3-52.3 JATC MULTI-SERVICE PROCEDURES FOR JOINT AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL (JULY 2003) - page 4

 

 

RUNWAY XX IS THE PRIMARY RUNWAY. PILOTS ARE TO CONTACT TOWER ON
XXX.XX MHZ WHEN 10 MINUTES FLYING TIME FROM THE AIRFIELD. IF NO
CONTACT IS ACHIEVED AT 10 MINUTES, PILOTS SHOULD ATTEMPT CONTACT
AGAIN WHEN 5 MINUTES FLYING TIME FROM THE AIRFIELD; IF NO CONTACT IS
ACHIEVED, PILOTS MAY CONTINUE THEIR APPROACH VISUALLY AND LAND AT
PILOT’S DISCRETION. FOR DEPARTURE, PILOTS SHOULD CONTACT TOWER 10
MINUTES PRIOR TO TAKEOFF IN ORDER THAT THEIR DEPARTURE CAN BE DE-
CONFLICTED FROM ANY MILITARY OPERATIONS TAKING PLACE IN THE
IMMEDIATE VICINITY OF THE AIRFIELD OR AFFECTING THEIR OUTBOUND
ROUTE. ONCE AIRBORNE, PILOTS SHOULD CONTACT XXXXX ON XXX.XX MHZ AS
SOON AFTER DEPARTURE AS POSSIBLE IN ORDER THAT THEIR DEPARTURE CAN
BE DE-CONFLICTED FROM ANY MILITARY OPERATIONS TAKING PLACE IN THE
IMMEDIATE VICINITY OF THE AIRFIELD OR AFFECTING THEIR OUTBOUND
ROUTE. DEPARTING AIRCRAFT SHOULD RETAIN THE MODE 3/A SQUAWK
ASSIGNED FOR THE INBOUND FLIGHT AND SELECT SQUAWK PRIOR TO
DEPARTURE. END PART 6 OF 6 WIE UNTIL UFN
EXAMPLE #2
Key FIRs: A, B, C, D, etc
AXXX-01 COALITION MILITARY FORCES ARE OPERATING IN THE MIDDLE
EAST, PERSIAN GULF, AND THE ARABIAN SEA. THE TIMELY AND ACCURATE
IDENTIFICATION OF CIVIL AIRCRAFT IN THESE AREAS IS CRITICAL TO
PRECLUDE THE USE OF FORCE AGAINST CIVIL AIRCRAFT. COALITION
MILITARY FORCES ARE PREPARED TO EXERCISE SELF DEFENSE MEASURES AS
MAY BE NECESSARY TO ENSURE THEIR SAFETY IN THE EVENT THEY ARE
APPROACHED BY UNIDENTIFIED AIRCRAFT OR AIRCRAFT WHOSE INTENSIONS ARE
AMBIGUOUS. TO THIS END, THE FOLLOWING
“X COUNTRY” AIRSPACE IS
CLOSED TO ALL NON-COALITION AIRCRAFT, EXCEPT AUTHORIZED MEDICAL AND
HUMANITARIAN FLIGHTS, UNTIL FURTHER NOTICE. THIS NOTICE IS ALSO
PROVIDED TO ENSURE THE SAFETY OF ALL COALITION FORCES AND THEIR
FACILITIES. ALL CIVIL AVIATION ASSETS OR ACTIVITIES THAT ARE
DETERMINED TO BE THREATS TO COALITION FORCES MAY BE SUBJECT TO
QUARANTINE, DISABLING, FORCE DOWN, OR DESTRUCTION. THIS INCLUDES
AIRBORNE AND GROUND BASED ASSETS AND ACTIVITIES WITHOUT REGARD TO
REGISTRY OR NATIONALITY WITHIN “X COUNTRY” AIRSPACE. THIS NOTICE IS
EFFECTIVE IMMEDIATELY AND WILL REMAIN IN EFFECT UNTIL FURTHER
NOTICE.
G-3
LETTERS/MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT
EXAMPLE #1
THE INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION
AND
THE COMBINED FORCES AIRSPACE CONTROL AUTHORITY,
“X COUNTRY” THEATER OF OPERATIONS
Clause I
In order to enhance the safety in civil aviation and to facilitate humanitarian
assistance within Iraq, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the
Combined Forces Airspace Control Authority (ACA) for the United States/Coalition
mission in “X COUNTRY” acknowledge that, for an interim and limited period, the ACA
will control the airspace within “X COUNTRY” (XXXXX Flight Information Region).
The ACA will exercise this control for so long as United States/Coalition military
operations require or until such time as the ACA and ICAO determine a new
government in “X COUNTRY” is capable, either independently or through ICAO
assistance under appropriate technical co-operation projects, of assuming responsibility
for air traffic services and aviation facilities within “X COUNTRY” which conform to
the Standards and Recommended Practices found in the Annexes to the Convention on
International Civil Aviation (Chicago, 1944). The ICAO will assist at the appropriate
time in the transfer of such control from the ACA to a new “X COUNTRY” government.
Clause 2
It is the intent of the ACA and the ICAO to work in an atmosphere of mutual
understanding to provide for the rehabilitation of the “X COUNTRY” civil aviation
system by providing, inter alia, essential air traffic control where possible within the
confines of available resources, access to air routes for the conduct of international
overflights, and continued access to “X COUNTRY” airspace and airports by Coalition
partners and Non-Governmental Organizations conducting Humanitarian Operations.
The ACA will cooperate with the ICAO in this effort consistent with United
States/Coalition military requirements.
G-4
Clause 3
Furthermore, the ICAO, through its Technical Co-operation Programme, and at the
appropriate time, will work with the newly established representative government of “X
COUNTRY” to facilitate the progressive introduction of civil authority and resources to
the airspace and air traffic infrastructure in “X COUNTRY”, thereby facilitating the
ultimate objective of transitioning the “X COUNTRY” national airspace system to civil
control under the guidance and direction of the duly designated “X COUNTRY”
government.
Clause 4
The ICAO and ACA will cooperate and support each other in the dissemination of
essential flight information to provide for the secure and safe conduct of military and
civil aviation interests. International Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs), determined
essential by the ACA, will be distributed by any available means. ICAO will assist the
ACA through active encouragement of member states to support NOTAM dissemination
until such a time as the “X COUNTRY” AIS is determined capable of fulfilling this
requirement.
Clause 5
This memorandum of arrangement will be effective upon the date of signature.
___________________________
______________________________
G-5
Appendix H
SAMPLE LETTER OF AGREEMENT
between ________________ACC
________________ACC
1.
PREAMBLE
The authorized representatives of ______________________________ and
________________________________agree that the procedures contained in this document
shall remain in force from the effective date specified until either amended or cancelled.
(This letter of Agreement supersedes and cancels the existing Letters of Agreement
between____________ and________________ dated________________) (If applicable).
2.
EFFECTIVE DATE
The provisions in the Letter of Agreement shall be implemented on
________________at 0001 UTC.
3.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this Letter of Agreement is to specify co-ordination procedures
between__________________________ and__________________________
4.
SCOPE
4.1
The procedures contained herein are supplementary to the ICAO
Standards and Recommended Practices in Annexes 2 and 11, the Procedures for Air
Navigation Services in Document 4444 and the Regional Supplementary Procedures
(Doc 7030). They detail the conditions under which the responsibility for the provision
of air traffic services shall be transferred between the ATS units mentioned in
paragraph 3 above.
4.2
This Letter of Agreement also formalizes the delegation of responsibility
from________________ to________________, and vice versa for the provision of air traffic
services within those portions of airspace that lie between the FIR boundaries and the
agreed points of transfer of responsibility as defined in paragraph 6.4.1. The
establishment of transfer points is based on operational considerations only and does
not therefore contribute to, neither can it be invoked for, any other purpose beyond this
context.
5.
AMENDMENTS
5.1
Any change to this Letter of Agreement, including its cancellation or
replacement, requires the consent of the ATS units concerned. This applies to the
substance of the change as well as to its date of-applicability. Any change shall be made
either in the context of a meeting between the two units, or by exchange of
correspondence, or by exchange of aeronautical fixed telecommunications network
(AFTN) messages, with acknowledgement by all signatories.
5.2
Whilst temporary deviations from these procedures may be agreed
between the ACC supervisors concerned, as specified in paragraph 7.1 below,
permanent amendments to this document shall be effective only in the form of a written
amendment duly signed by authorized representatives.
H-1
6.
PROCEDURES
6.1
Movement and control messages
6.1.1
Flight plans
a)
Filed Flight Plan (FPL) messages shall be transmitted for flights
originating within one FIR and entering the other, not less than 30 minutes before the
estimated time of the aircraft over the common FIR boundary.
b)
Repetitive Flight Plans (RPL) are accepted for flights operating between
________________and________________ (or any other applicable circumstances or
conditions).
6.1.2
Departures
Departure (DEP) messages shall be transmitted for all flights mentioned in 6.1.1
above, as soon as practicable after the aircraft is airborne.
6.1.3
Estimates
Estimate (EST) messages shall be transmitted for all flights crossing the common
FIR boundary, in sufficient time to permit its receipt by the receiving ATS unit at least
____________ minutes below the estimated time of the aircraft over the transfer points
specified in paragraph 6.4.1 below.
6.1.4
Revisions
Co-ordination (CON) messages shall be transmitted as soon as practicable whenever
the estimated time of the aircraft over the transfer point differs __________minutes or
more from the estimated time originally passed or when a change of cleared level and/or
crossing condition is planned.
6.1.5
Acceptance
Co-ordination messages (EST and CDN) require an operational acceptance, in the
form of an acceptance (ACP) message, to be transmitted to the transferring unit.
6.2
Message transmission and co-ordination procedures
6.2.1
FPL Messages shall be messages shall be transmitted via AFTN. DEP
messages shall be transmitted by AFTN or ATS/DS both as applicable).
6.2.2
Co-ordination messages (EST, CDN and ACP) shall be transmitted using
(the ATS direct speech circuits or AFTN as applicable).
6.2.2.1
In case of non-availability of the ATS direct speech circuit between the
ATS units concerned, the transferring ATS unit shall forward the relevant flight data to
the receiving ATS unit by means of the AFTN and/or HF radiotelephone (RTF), if
available.
6.2.2.2
When effecting the necessary co-ordination by use of the AFTN or HF
RTF, the transferring ATS unit shall send the appropriate co-ordination message in
sufficient time to permit its receipt by the receiving ATS unit at least__________
minutes prior to the aircraft's estimated time over the transfer point.
6.2.3
After co-ordination of the transfer, the conditions of transfer shall not be
changed by the transferring unit, unless prior agreement has been obtained from the
accepting unit.
H-2
6.2.4
In the event of communications failure between the ATS units concerned,
a departing aircraft shall be cleared only to such a level as can be reached before it
arrives within 10 minutes flying time from the transfer of control point. If such a level
is lower than that specified in the flight plan, the aircraft shall be instructed to request
approval for a higher level direct from the accepting unit and then obtain clearance from
the transferring unit to climb to the level approved by the accepting unit.
6.2.5
In case of flights departing from aerodromes (________________ ) for
which, due to their proximity to the FIR boundary, application of the procedures set out
in 6.2.2 above would riot be possible after departure, co-ordination between the
transferring ATS unit and the accepting ATS unit shall be effected prior to the issuance
of the ATC clearance to the aircraft concerned, procedures for air navigation services-
rules of the air and air traffic services (PANS-RAC), Part VII, paragraph 3.2.3 and Part
IX, paragraph 3.5.4 refers.
6.2.5.1
In those exceptional cases where the procedures described above cannot
be applied, e.g. in case of communications failure between the ATS units concerned, the
transferring ATS unit will inform the aircraft of the absence of co-ordination between
the two ATS units and will instruct the aircraft to establish contact with the accepting
ATS unit in order to provide it with the necessary ~light data.
6.2.5.2
(List any other agreed detailed procedures for these flights)
6.3
Transfer of communications
6.3.1
Aircraft shall be instructed to establish communications with the
accepting unit over the transfer point. Transfer of communications does not constitute
transfer of control (paragraph 6.4. refers).
6.3.1.1
In case of communications failure between the ATS units concerned, the
transferring ATS unit will inform the aircraft of the absence of co-ordination between
the two ATS units and will instruct the aircraft to establish contact with the accepting
ATS unit 10 minutes before the boundary in order to provide it with the necessary flight
data.
6.3.2
Whenever the accepting ATS unit is unable to establish contact with an
aircraft within ________________ minutes after its estimated time over the transfer
point, it shall inform the transferring ATS unit so that appropriate measures may be
taken.
6.3.3
With reference to paragraph 3.2.12 of Part VII of the PANS-RAC, the
accepting ATS unit need not, as a matter of routine, notify the transferring ATS unit
that radio communication has been established with a~ aircraft being transferred.
6.3.4
Whenever an aircraft is unable to establish or maintain radio
communication with the ATS unit responsible for the provision of air traffic services in
the airspace in which it is operating, other ATS units shall, if possible, assume relay
functions between them.
H-3
6.3.5
Primary frequency assignment for transfer of communications is as
follows:
ATS route
ATS unit call sign Frequency
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
6.3.5.1
Secondary frequency assignment, for use when no contact can be made on
the primary frequencies, is as follows:
6.4
Transfer of Responsibility
6.4.1
Control of responsibility for the provision of air traffic services shall be
transferred to the accepting unit at the following significant points:
ATS route
Transfer Point
a.
(example: ABAB at 30308 9015E, or bearing a distance from a VOR/DME)
b.
c.
6.4.1.1
If transfer of responsibility is required at points other than those specified
in 6.4.1 above, this shall be coordinated individuality for each flight.
6.4.2
The accepting unit shall assume responsibility of a transferred aircraft as
soon as it has reported to that unit passing the appropriated transfer pint. There is no
requirement for additional transfer or acceptance messages unless requested.
6.4.3
Control of traffic communicating with the accepting unit shall not be
assumed prior to the aircraft passing the transfer pint, unless specifically agreed by the
transferring unit.
6.5
Flight Levels
6.5.1
Aircraft on ATS routes shat be assigned levels as follows:
ATS route From
To
Flight Levels
____________________.
________________
________________
____________________.
________________
________________
____________________.
________________
________________
____________________.
________________
________________
H-4
Aircraft outside ATS route shall be assigned flight levels in accordance with the
table of cruising levels in appendix C to Annex 2.
6.6
Separation
6.6.1
Aircraft at the same level shall be longitudinally separated by not less
than:
a.______________________________________________________.; and
b.______________________________________________________.
When the succeeding aircraft is faster than the preceding aircraft, the transferring
unit shall notify the accepting unit and seek its approval of the transfer of control. The
accepting unit shall have the right to determine the transfer of control conditions.
6.7
Clearance limit
6.7.1
The clearance limit shall normally be the destination aerodrome.
However, if the necessary co-ordination cannot be effected in good time (paragraph
6.2.2.2 refers) e.g. due to communications failure between ATS units, the clearance
limit shall be the transfer point and the aircraft instructed to request onward clearance
from the accepting unit before proceeding beyond that point.
6.8
Weather Information
6.8.1
ATS units shall keep each other informed of significant meteorological
information (SIGMET) information and of weather conditions at destination aerodromes
within their respective FIRs whenever such conditions may fall below aircraft operating
minima and consequently may result in diversion or holding for weather improvement.
6.9
Flow control (if applicable)
6.9.1
Should it become necessary to implement flow control to avoid excessive
delays at destination aerodromes within their respective FIRs, ATS units shall
negotiate and agree a mutually acceptable number of aircraft per hour. Such
agreements shall not be valid beyond 2400 hours UTC on the day of implementation.
An extension of such agreements must be negotiated prior to the above mentioned
expiry time. All such agreements shall be terminated at soon as circumstances permit
resumption of normal operations. The decision of the ACC supervisors shall be
sufficient authority in all such cases.
7.
DEVIATIONS
7.1
Deviation from the procedures specified in this Letter of Agreement shall
only be permitted in exceptional circumstances and not without prior co-ordination on a
case-by-case basis.
7.2
Any deviations from these provisions, that arise due to an emergency or
are applied to ensure the safety of air traffic, shall immediately be notified to the other
ATS unit(s) concerned and shall be terminated as soon as the circumstances that caused
the deviation cease to exist.
H-5
8.
AUTHORIZED SIGNATORIES
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
Place: ________________________________
Date: ________________________________
H-6
REFERENCES
Joint/Multi-Service Publications
Joint Pub 1-02, DOD Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms
Joint Pub 3-52, Joint Airspace in the Combat Zone
Joint Pub 3-56.1, Command and Control for Joint Air Operations
Multi-Service Procedures for Integrated Combat Airspace Command and Control (ICAC2)
Multi-Service Procedures for Theater Air Ground System
Army
FM 3-04.120 (FM 1-120), Army Air Traffic Services Contingency and Combat Zone
Operations
FM 3-04.303 (FM 1-303), Air Traffic Control Facility Operations and Training
FM 4-24 (FM 24-24), Signal Data References Signal Equipment
FM 3-09.13 (FM 100-13), Battlefield Coordination Detachment (BCD)
FM 101-5-1, Operational Terms and Graphics
US Army Operations Concept for Air Traffic Services, 6 May 1996
USAAVNC Pam 525-5, Aviation in Force XXI Operations, 2 Jan 1996
Vision for Force XXI Air Traffic Services, DA/ODCSOPS,- 14 Feb 1996
TRADOC Pamphlet 525-72, Army Airspace Command and Control (A2C2)
ATS Concept Briefing, United States Army Aviation Center, 26 Jun 1995
TAIS Operational Requirements Document, 5 May 1995
ATNAVICS Operational Requirements Document, 20 Sep 1994
TTCS Operational Requirements Document - 23 Nov 1992
MOTS Operation Requirements Document, 8 Nov 1999
Information Paper, ATC Tactical and Fixed Base Modernization, United States Army
Aviation Center, Directorate of Combat Development (DCD), 1 Jan 1996
Marine Corps
MCWP 3-2, Aviation Operations
MCWP 3-25, Control of Aircraft and Missiles
MCWP 3-25.8, Marine Air Traffic Control Detachment Handbook
Marine Air Traffic Control Mobile Team Tactical SOP (MMT TACSOP)
Navy
AE-LHATC-OPM-000, Amphibious Ships Air Traffic Control Manual
NAVAIR 00-80T-105, CV NATOPS
Reference-1
NAVAIR 00-80T-106 LHA/LHD NATOPS Manual
Air Force
AFDD 2-1.7, Airspace Control in the Combat Zone, 4 Jun 1998
AFI 13-AO, Volume 3, Operational Procedures—Air Operations Center, 1 Jul 02
AFI 13-203, Air Traffic Control
AFI 13-204, Functional Management of Airfield Operations, 28 Aug 2002
AFMAN 11-225, United States Standard Flight Inspection Manual
AFMAN 13-220, Deployment of Airfield Operations, 1997
Air Force Program Guidance Letter on the Organization of Air Force Deployable Command,
Control, Communications, and Computers (C4) and Deployable Air Traffic Control and
Landing Systems (DATCALS) Force Structure - 1 Jun 1996
Memorandums
HQ ACC/CV, Memo, Joint Air Traffic Control (JATC) Comparative Analysis, Date not on
memo--approximate date April to May 1996
HQ USAF/XO, Memo, Deployable Air Traffic Control and Landing System (ATCALS)
Comparative Analysis, 16 Apr 96
Reference-2
GLOSSARY
PART I—ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
A
A2C2
Army airspace command and control
AASC
assistant air support coordinator
AATCC
amphibious ATC center
ABCS
Army Battle Command System
ACA
airspace control authority
ACE
aviation combat element (MAGTF)
ACM
airspace control measure
ACO
airspace control order
ACP
airspace control plan, acceptance letter
ACS
airspace control system
ADSI
Air Defense System Integrator
AEW
airborne early warning
AFDC
Air Force Doctrine Center
AFFSA
Air Force Flight Standards Agency
AFI
Air Force Instruction
AFMAN
Air Force manual
AFSC
Air Force specialty code
AFTN
aeronautical fixed telecommunications network
AIC
air intercept controller (Navy), airspace information center
(Army)
ALSA
Air Land Sea Application Center
AM
amplitude modulating
AN
analog non-secure
ANG
Air National Guard
AO
area of operations
AOA
amphibious objective area
AOC
air operations center
AOCC
air operations control center
AOR
area of responsibility
ARATC
advanced radar air traffic control
ARFOR
Army forces
ASC
air support coordinator
Glossary-1
ASC(A)
assault support coordinator (airborne)
ASR
airport surveillance radar
ATC
air traffic control
ATC
air traffic control radar beacon system
ATCS
air traffic control section, air traffic control specialist
ATCSS
air traffic control system specialist
ATNAVICS
air traffic navigation, integration, and coordination system
ATO
air tasking order
ATS
air traffic service
AW
air warfare
AWC
air warfare commander
AZ
Arizona
B
BCD
battlefield coordination detachment (USA)
BDZ
base defense zone
BN
battalion
BSC
Battle Staff Course (USA)
C
C2
command and control
C4
command, control, communications, and computers
CAC2S
common aviation command and control system
CAIC
corps airspace information center
CAOC
combined air operations center (For simplicity, CAOC will be
used in this publication to represent any such unit to include
a joint air operations center or simply an air operations
center)
CAS
close air support
CATCC
carrier air traffic control center
CCG
combat communications groups
CCS
control and communications subsystem
CDC
combat direction center
CHLC
coalition humanitarian liaison center
COA
course of action
Glossary-2
COMSEC
communications security
CONUS
continental United States
CON
coordination
CRAF
Civil Reserve Air Fleet
CRC
control and reporting center
CTF
Commander, Task Force
CVBG
carrier battle group
CWC
composite warfare commander
D
DA
Department of the Army
DASC
direct air support center (Marine)
DATCALS
deployable air traffic control and landing system
DEP
departure
DET
detachment
DME
distance measuring equipment
DOD
Department of Defense
DZ
drop zone
E
EAC
echelons above corps
EMCON
emission control
EST
Estimate
EW
electronic warfare
EW/C
early warning/control
F
FAA
Federal Aviation Administration
FAAD
forward area air defense
FAC(A)
forward air controller (airborne)
FARP
forward arming and refueling point
FAWC
Fleet Air Warfare Commander (USN)
FM
frequency modulation, field manual
FMF
Fleet Marine Force
Glossary-3
FOB
forward operations/operating base (Army)/(Marine)
FPL
filed flight plan
FSB
forward staging base, forward support battalion
FSC
fire support coordinator
FTP
facility training program
FUE
first unit equipped
G
G-3
Army or Marine Corps component operations staff officer
(Army division or higher, Marine Corps aircraft wing or
division or higher staff)
GCA
ground controlled approach
GCP
ground commander's pointer
GFC
ground forces commander
GP
Group
GPS
global positioning system
GS
general support
H
HA
humanitarian assistance
HDC
helicopter direction center
HF
high frequency
HIDACZ
high-density airspace control zone
HLZ
helicopter landing zone
HMMWV
high mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicle
HQ
headquarters
I
IADS
Integrated Air Defense System
IAW
in accordance with
ICAO
International Civil Aviation Organization
IFF
identification, friend or foe
IFR
instrument flight rules
ILS
instrument landing system
Glossary-4
IMC
instrument meteorological conditions
IO
international organization
ISB
intermediate staging base
ISO
International Organization for Standardization
IVCSS
internal voice communication switching system
J
J-3
Operations Directorate of a joint staff
JAOC
joint air operations center
JASC
Joint Actions Steering Committee
JATC
joint air traffic control
JCACC
joint Combat Airspace Command and Control Course (Army)
JCMOTF
joint civil-military operations task force
JCS
Joint Chiefs of Staff
JFACC
joint force air component commander
JFC
joint force commander
JFCC
Joint Firepower Control Course (USA)
JMCIS
Joint Maritime Command Information System
JOA
joint operations area
JPALS
joint precision approach and landing system
JSOACC
joint special operations air component commander
JSRC
joint search and rescue center
JSTE
joint service training exercises
JTF
joint task force
JTTP
joint tactics, techniques, and procedures
JWG
joint working group
K
KM
kilometer
L
LAWC
local airwarfare commander (USN)
LHA
general-purpose amphibious assault ship
Glossary-5
LHD
multipurpose amphibious assault ships (with internal dock)
LID
light infantry division
LLTR
low-level transit routes
LMR
land mobile radio
LNO
liaison officer
LOS
line of sight
LPD
amphibious transport dock
LPH
amphibious assault ship, landing platform helicopter
LRIP
low rate initial production
LRS
long range surveillance
LSB
lower side band
LSD
landing ship, dock
LTD
laser target designators
LVS
logistic vehicle system
LZ
landing zone
M
MACCS
Marine Corps Air Command and Control System
MACG
Marine Air Control Group
MACOM
major Army command
MACS
Marine Air Control Squadron (USMC). Mobile Approach
Control System (USAF)
MAGTF
Marine Air Ground Task Force
MAJCOM
major command (Air Force)
MANPRINT
Manpower and Personnel Integration Program (USA)
MARFOR
Marine Corps Forces
MARLO
Marine liaison officer
MATC
Marine air traffic control
MATCALS
Marine air traffic control and landing system
MATCD
Marine air traffic control detachment
MCAS
Marine Corps Air Station
MCB
Marine Corps Base
MCCDC
Marine Corps Combat Development Command
MCS
maneuver control system
MCWP
Marine Corps Warfighting Publication
MEF
Marine Expeditionary Force
Glossary-6
MEP
mobile electric power
METNAV
METeorological/NAVigational
METT-T
mission, enemy, terrain, and weather, troops and support
available -- time available
MEU
Marine expeditionary unit
MEU (SOC)
Marine expeditionary unit (special operations capable)
MFC
multinational force commander
MHE
materials handling equipment
MI
military intelligence
MMLS
Mobile Microwave Landing System
MMT
Marine air traffic control mobile team
MOA
memorandum of agreement
MOB
main operations base
MOOTW
military operations other than war
MOPP
mission-oriented protective posture
MOS
military occupational specialty
MOTS
Mobile Tower System
MRAALS
Marine Remote Area Approach and Landing System
MRC
major regional contingency
MRR
minimum-risk routes
MRSP
mobility readiness spares package
MSE
mobile subscriber equipment
MTAS
MACS terminal automation software
MTTP
multi-Service tactics, techniques, and procedures
N
NALE
naval air liaison element
NAB
naval amphibious base
NAS
naval air station; national airspace system
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NAVAIDS
navigational aids
NAVAIR
naval air
NAVFOR
Navy forces
NBC
nuclear, biological, and chemical
NCO
noncommissioned officer
NDB
nondirectional beacon
Glossary-7
NEA
Northeast Asia
NEF
naval expeditionary force
NFA
no-fire area, no fuels area
NG
National Guard
NGF
naval gunfire
NLOS
non-line of sight
nm
nautical miles
NOE
nap of the earth
NOTAM
notice to airmen
NTACS
Navy tactical air control system
NVD
night vision device
NWDC
Navy Warfare Development Command
O
OCONUS
outside the continental United States
OCU
orderwire control unit
OIC
officer in charge
OJT
on-the-job-training
OPCON
operational control
OPLAN
operation plan
OPORD
operation order
OPR
office of primary responsibility
OPTASK
operational tasks
ORD
operational requirements document
OTC
officer in tactical command (USN)
P
PANS-RAC
Procedures for Air Navigation Service-Rules of the Air and
Air Traffic Services
PAR
precision approach radar
PBX
private branch exchange
PCC
Pre-command Course (USA)
PDS
processor display system
PDS
power distribution system
PHIBGRU
amphibious group
Glossary-8
PIRAZ
positive identification radar advisory zone
PIREP
pilot report
PJ
individual pararescue specialist; project code
PLS
personal locator system
PLS
palletized loading system
POL
petroleum, oils, and lubricants
PR
personnel recovery
PSR
Primary Surveillance Radar System
PSRC
Presidential selective Reserve call-up
PZ
pickup zone
R
R&S
reconnaissance and surveillance
RAM
reliability, availability, and maintainability
RAMCC
regional air movement control center
RAPCON
radar approach control
REC
radio electronic combat
RGR
rapid ground refueling
RLST
remote landing site tower
ROZ
restricted operations zone
RPL
repetitive flight plans
RRP
rapid refueling point
RST
regional survey team
RX
receive
S
SAAWC
sector antiair warfare coordinator (Marine Corps)
SAC
supporting arms coordinator
SACC
supporting arms coordination center (USN)
SAR
search and rescue
SARP
standards and recommended practices (ICAO)
SATCOM
satellite communications
SAWC
sector airwarfare commander (USN)
SAWC
sector air warfare coordinator
SB
side band
Glossary-9
SEI
special experience identifier (Air Force)
SFC
surface
SINCGARS
Single-channel Ground and Airborne Radio System
SIGMET
significant meteorological information
SLRP
survey, liaison, and reconnaissance party
SOC
special operations capable
SOF
special operations forces
SOLE
special operations liaison element
SOP
standing operating procedures
SPINS
special instructions
SSB
single side band
SSR
Secondary Surveillance Radar System
STT
special tactics team
STG
special tactics group
STP
system training plan
STS
special tactics squadron
STT
special tactics team
STTL
special tactics team leader
SUW
surface warfare
SWA
Southwest Asia
T
TAB
tactical air base
TAC
tactical air controller (USMC), tactical air commander (USN)
TAC SUP
tactical air support coordinator supervisor
TACAN
tactical air navigation
TACC
tactical air command center (Marine Corps); tactical air
control center (USN); tanker/airlift control center (Air Force)
TACGRU
tactical air control groups
TACON
tactical control
TACP
tactical air control party
TACRON
tactical air control squadron
TACS
theater air control system
TACT
tactical aviation control team
TAD
tactical air director
TADC
tactical air direction center (USN)
TADIL
tactical digital information link
Glossary-10
TAGS
Theater Air/Ground System
TAIS
Tactical Airspace Integration System
TALCE
tanker airlift control element
TAO
tactical air officer
TAOC
tactical air operations center (Marine Corps)
TATC
tactical air traffic control
TB
technical bulletins
TCG
Task Certification Guide (Air Force)
TD
transmitter distributor
TERPES
Tactical Electronic Reconnaissance Processing and
Evaluation System
TERPS
terminal instrument procedures
TLZ
tactical landing zone
TM
training manual
TOE
table of organization and equipment
TPFDD
time-phased force and deployment data
TRADOC
Training and Doctrine Command (USA)
TRV
tower restoral vehicle
TTCS
tactical terminal control system (Marines use T2CS)
TTP
tactics, techniques, and procedures
TX
transmit
U
UAV
unmanned aerial vehicle
UHF
ultra high frequency
UIC
unit identification code
USA
United States Army
USAAVNC
United States Army Aviation Center
USAF
United States Air Force
USAREUR
United States Army Forces, United States European
Command
USB
upper side band
USCENTCOM
United States Central Command
USEUCOM
United States European Command
USFK
United Stated Forces, Korea
USN
United States Navy
Glossary-11
USOUTHCOM
United States Southern Command
USSOCOM
United States Special Operations Command
USSTRATCOM
United States Strategic Command
USTRANSCOM
United States Transportation Command
USW
under sea warfare
UTC
unit type code (Air Force); Coordinated Universal Time
V
VFR
visual flight rules
VHF
very high frequency
VIDS
visual information display system
VMC
visual meteorological conditions
VOR
very high frequency omnidirectional range station
W,X
WESTPAC
Western Pacific
WIC-P
wing initial communications package
WOC
wing operations center
XFLOT
cross forward line of own troops
PART II - TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
airland Personnel inserted at a landing zone by fixed-wing/rotary-wing aircraft
(Army)
air operations center The principal air operations installation from which
aircraft and air warning functions of combat air operations are
directed, controlled, and executed. It is the senior agency of the Air
Force Component Commander from which command and control of
air operations are coordinated with other components and Services.
Also called AOC. (Joint Pub 1-02)
airspace control authority The commander designated to assume overall
responsibility for the operation of the airspace control system in the
airspace control area. Also called ACA. (Joint Pub 1-02)
Glossary-12
airspace control order An order implementing the airspace control plan that
provides the details of the approved requests for airspace control
measures. It is published either as part of the air tasking order or
as a separate document. Also called ACO. (Joint Pub 1-02)
airspace control plan The document approved by the joint force commander
that provides specific planning guidance and procedures for the
airspace control system for the joint force area of responsibility
and/or joint operations area. Also called ACP. (Joint Pub 1-02)
airspace information center The ATS facility that performs the primary A²C²
Services mission and the secondary airspace information services
mission.
air tasking order A method used to task and disseminate to components,
subordinate units, and command and control agencies projected
sorties, capabilities, and/or forces to targets and specific missions.
Normally provides specific instructions to include call signs,
targets, controlling agencies, etc., as well as general instructions.
Also called ATO. (Joint Pub 1-02)
air traffic control and landing systems Department of Defense facilities,
personnel, and equipment (fixed, mobile, and seaborne) with
associated avionics to provide safe, orderly, and expeditious
aerospace vehicle movements worldwide. Also called ATCALS.
(Joint Pub 1-02)
air traffic control center A unit combining the functions of an area control
center and a flight information center. Also called ATCC. (Joint
Pub 1-02)
air traffic control clearance Authorization by an air traffic control authority
for an aircraft to proceed under specified conditions. (Joint Pub 1-
02)
air traffic control facility Any of the component airspace control facilities
primarily responsible for providing air traffic control services and,
as required, limited tactical control services. (Joint Pub 1-02)
Glossary-13
air traffic controller An air controller especially trained for and assigned to
the duty of airspace management and traffic control of airborne
objects.
(Joint Pub 1-02)
air traffic control service A service provided for the purpose of: a. preventing
collisions: (1) between aircraft; and (2) on the maneuvering area
between aircraft and obstructions; and b. expediting and
maintaining an orderly flow of air traffic. (Joint Pub 1-02)
air traffic services Air traffic services are defined as those services performed
by ATC specialist or ATC organizations across the range of military
operations. These include, but are not limited to, Army airspace
command and control (A²C²) services, airspace information services,
terminal services, forward area support services, landing
area/airfield services, navigational aid services, and ATC
maintenance services.
Army air-ground system The Army system which provides for interface
between Army and tactical air support agencies of other Services in
the planning, evaluating, processing, and coordinating of air
support requirements and operations. It is composed of appropriate
staff members, including G-2 air and G-3 air personnel, and
necessary communication equipment. (Joint Pub 1-02)
Army airspace command and control The Army's application of airspace
control to coordinate airspace users for concurrent employment in
the accomplishment of assigned missions. (FM 101-5-1/MCRP 5-
2A)
battlefield coordination detachment An Army liaison provided by the Army
component or force commander to the air operations center (AOC)
and/or to the component designated by the joint force commander to
plan, coordinate, and deconflict air operations. The battlefield
coordination detachment processes Army requests for air support,
monitors and interprets the land battle situation for the AOC, and
provides the necessary interface for exchange of current intelligence
and operational data. Also called BCD. (Joint Pub 1-02)
control and reporting center A mobile command, control, and
communications radar element of the Air Force theater air control
system subordinate to the air operations center. The control and
reporting center possesses four Modular Control Equipment
Glossary-14
operations modules and integrates a comprehensive air picture via
multiple data links from air-, sea-, and land-based sensors as well
as from its surveillance and control radars. It performs
decentralized command and control of joint operations by
conducting threat warning, battle management, theater missile
defense, weapons control, combat identification, and strategic
communications. Also called CRC.
coordinating altitude A procedural airspace control method to separate fixed-
and rotary-wing aircraft by determining an altitude below which
fixed-wing aircraft will normally not fly and above which rotary-
wing aircraft normally will not fly. The coordinating altitude is
normally specified in the airspace control plan and may include a
buffer zone for small altitude deviations. (Joint Pub 1-02)
Dynamic Airspace Management System An automated airspace
management computer software program providing a data and
graphics display of airspace control measures, handle airspace
requests, help resolve airspace conflicts, and helps in the planning
of airspace. Used in the AOC during Desert Storm.
flight coordination center A primary Army ATC agency that is subordinate to
the flight operations center. It provides flight following as well as
information on air traffic movement within its assigned area;
monitors Army aircraft operations and provides hostile activity
warnings to Army aviation units operating in the airspace; passes
instrument flight rules flight plans to the airspace management
center for approval and visual flight rules flight plans to the
appropriate air traffic services facility; establishes liaison with the
air defense command post; and provides communications link
between terminal facilities of existing airfields, other nearby
airfields, division command posts, other FCCs, and the FOC when
the flight coordination center locates in a division area. (FM 101-5-
1)
flight operations center The element of the tactical Army air traffic
regulation system which provides for aircraft flight following,
separation of aircraft under instrument conditions, and
identification of friendly aircraft to friendly air defense agencies.
(Joint Pub 1-02)
Glossary-15
force beddown The provision of expedient facilities for troop support to provide
a platform for the projection of force. These facilities may include
modular or kit-type facility substitutes. See also facility
substitutes. (Joint Pub 1-02)
joint search and rescue center A primary search and rescue facility suitably
staffed by supervisory personnel and equipped for planning,
coordinating, and executing joint search and rescue and combat
search and rescue operations within the geographical area assigned
to the joint force. The facility is operated jointly by personnel from
two or more Service or functional components or it may have a
multinational staff of personnel from two or more allied or coalition
nations (multinational search and rescue center). The joint search
and rescue center should be staffed equitably by trained personnel
drawn from each joint force component, including US Coast Guard
participation where practical. Also called JSRC. (Joint Pub 1-02)
low level transit route A temporary corridor of defined dimensions established
in the forward area to minimize the risk to friendly aircraft from
friendly air defenses or surface forces. (Joint Pub 1-02)
minimum-risk route A temporary corridor of defined dimensions
recommended for use by high-speed, fixed-wing aircraft that
presents the minimum known hazards to low-flying aircraft
transiting the combat zone. Also called MRR. (Joint Pub 1-02)
Mobile Microwave Landing System An Air Force and Marine Corps
precision approach system for landing sites/airfields to land MLS
equipped aircraft. Also called MMLS.
Mobile Tower System A vehicular mounted tower with the voice/data digitized
communications packages, which replaces the TSQ-70 and the
TSW-7A for landing sites/airfields.
precision/non-precision approaches A precision approach is an instrument
approach that provides glideslope information to the pilot of an
aircraft. A non-precision approach is an instrument approach that
does not provide glideslope information to the pilot of an aircraft.
Theater Air-Ground System A system of systems consisting of the Theater
Air Control System (TACS) (Air Force), the Army Air Ground
System (USA), the Marine Air Command and Control System
Glossary-16
(MACCS) (Marine), and the Navy Tactical Air Control System
(NTACS) (USN).
Glossary-17
INDEX
A
advanced radar air traffic control (ARATC), C-11, D-5, D-6
aeronautical fixed telecommunications network (AFTN), H-1, H-2, H-3
Air Defense System Integrator (ADSI), E-4
Air Force flight standards agency (AFFSA), I-7, I-9
Air Force Instruction (AFI), ii, I-7, II-3, A-2
Air Force manual (AFMAN), I-7, I-8, I-10, III-5, E-17
Air Force specialty code (AFSC), I-5, A-3
Air Land Sea Applicaiton Center (ALSA), ii, iii
Air National Guard (ANG), A-1, A-2, A-6, E-15, E-18, E-19, E-23, E-24, E-25, E-26, E-27
air operation control center (AOCC), D-2, D-8
air operations center (AOC), I-2, B-3, B-4
air tasking order (ATO), I-3, I-4, C-14, C-18, D-8
air traffic navigation, integration, and coordination system (ATNAVICS), B-8, E-2, E-4
air traffic service (ATS), viii, I-1, IV-1, B-1, B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5, B-6, B-7, B-8, B-9, E-4, E-
5, E-28, H-1, H-2, H-3, H-4, H-5, H-6
air warfare (AW), D-8, D-9, D-10
air warfare commander (AWC), D-2
airborne early warning (AEW), III-3, G-2
airport surveillance radar (ASR), II-3, II-5, E-2, E-4, E-14, E-15, E-16, E-24, E-25, E-27,
F-9
airspace control authority (ACA), I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, C-5, C-12, G-2, G-5, G-6
airspace control measure (ACM), I-4
airspace control order (ACO), I-2, I-3, III-1, B-3, B-4, C-4, C-17, C-18
airspace control plan (ACP), I-1, I-2, I-3, III-1, A-5, B-3, B-4, C-4, C-17, C-18, H-2
airspace control system (ACS), I-2, I-3
amphibious assault ship, landing platform helicopter (LPH), D-1, D-2, D-5, D-6, D-8
Amphibious ATC Center (AATCC), I-14, D-5, D-6, D-12
amphibious group (PHIBGRU), D-1, D-3, D-13
amphibious objective area (AOA), C-9, C-12, C-16, D-2, D-6, D-7, D-8, D-9, D-10
amplitude modulating (AM), C-14, E-3, E-7, E-8, E-10, E-21, E-22, E-27, E-28, E-29
analog non secure (AN), B-5, B-8, B-9, C-10, C-19, E-1, E-2, E-3, E-4, E-5, E-6, E-7, E-8,
E-9, E-10, E-11, E-13, E-14, E-15, E-16, E-17, E-18, E-19, E-20, E-21, E-22, E-24, E-
27, G-1, G-2
area of operations (AO), I-1, II-4, II-5, A-6, B-4, B-6, C-9, C-12, C-16, C-17
area of responsibility (AOR), i, viii, ix, I-3, I-4, I-7, I-10, III-1, D-1, D-2, D-7
Army airspace command and control (A2C2), B-1, B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5, B-6, E-3, E-4, E-5
Army Battle Command System (ABCS), B-9, E-4
Army forces (ARFOR), II-5, B-2
Assistant Air Support Coordinator (AASC), D-6
aviation combat element (ACE), C-1, C-2, C-3, C-12, C-13, C-14, C-15, C-17
B
base defense zone (BDZ), C-6, C-16, C-17
Index-1
battalion (BN), B-8
battlefield coordination detachment (BCD), I-3, B-2, B-3, B-4, E-5
Beacon Set, E-3
C
carier battle group (CVBG), D-2, D-3, D-12
carrier air traffic control center (CATCC), D-2, D-3, D-5, D-6, D-12
Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF), I-8, I-9, A-4
close air support (CAS), D-4, D-6, D-7, D-8
coalition humanitarian liaison cneter (CHLC), G-2
combat communicaitons groups (CCG), A-1, E-14, E-18
Combat Communications, I-13, I-14, III-2, A-1, A-6
Combat controllers, A-1
combat direction center (CDC), D-2, D-12, E-13
combined air operations center (CAOC), I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6, I-9, A-5, B-2, C-5
command and control (C2), I-1, I-3, A-1, A-4, A-6, B-2, B-3, B-4, C-2, C-3, C-5, C-6, D-11,
D-12, E-11, E-18, E-19
command, control. communications, and computers (C4), B-5, B-6
common aviation command and control system (CAC2S), E-11
communication zone, B-4
communications security (COMSEC), C-14, E-9, E-10
composite warfare comander (CWC), D-12
control and communications subsystem (CCS), E-5, E-6, E-7
control and reporting center (CRC), I-3, B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5, E-5
Control Central, E-1, E-2, E-3, E-4, E-8, E-13, E-14, E-15
D
deployable air traffic control and landing system (DATCALS), I-5, I-11, II-1, II-3, A-1, A-
2, A-3, A-6, A-7
direct air support cneter (DASC), II-5, C-5, E-11
Distribution of Approaches, I-10
E
End of Operations, v, IV-2
F
filed flight plan (FPL), H-2
forward area air defense (FAAD), B-9, E-4
forward arming and refueling point (FARP), I-11, I-12, C-1, C-8
forward operating base (FOB), I-11, I-12, C-6, C-8, C-9
G
global positioning system (GPS), I-7, B-9, E-10, F-9
ground controlled approach (GCA), II-2, III-2, III-5, A-2, B-1, B-4, E-2, E-6, E-14, E-15,
E-16
ground forces commander (GFC), II-3
Index-2
H
helicopter direction center (HDC), D-2, D-8
helicopter landing zone (HLZ), C-7, C-8
high density airspace control zone (HIDACZ), D-2, D-7
high frequency (HF), B-6, B-8, C-10, C-15, E-1, E-2, E-3, E-4, E-7, E-8, E-10, E-21, E-22,
E-24, E-27, E-28, E-29, F-1, H-3
humanitarian assistance (HA), I-2, G-1, G-2
I
identification, friend or foe (IFF), C-9, C-17, E-2, E-5, E-13, E-15
initial operations, I-1
instrument flight rules (IFR), I-7, I-8, I-11, I-13, II-1, II-2, II-3, II-4, II-5, III-2, III-3, IV-
1, A-6, B-1, C-8, E-7, E-27, E-28, F-4, F-10
Integrated Air Defense System (IADS), C-3, C-9
integration, ix, I-1, I-4, I-5, I-7, III-3, IV-1, A-3, A-5, B-4, C-1, C-12, D-1, D-3
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), I-2, I-3, I-5, I-7, I-8, I-9, I-11, IV-2,
IV-3, C-4, C-12, C-17, F-7, G-3, G-5, G-6, H-1
International Organization for Standardization (ISO), E-5, E-7, E-8, E-9, E-24
interoperability, ix, I-3, III-3, C-11, C-17, E-11, E-19
J
joint air operations center (JAOC), I-3
joint civil-military operations task force (JCMOTF), G-2
joint force air compnent commander (JFACC), I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-7, I-8, I-10, II-4, C-5, C-
9, D-4
L
landing zone (LZ), II-5
liaison officer (LNO), B-2, B-3
M
Marine Air Control Group (MACG), C-2
Marine Air Ground Task Force (MAGTF), C-1, C-2, C-3, C-4, C-5, C-6, C-7, C-8, C-9, C-
11, C-12, C-13, C-14, C-15, C-17
Marine air traffic control and landing system (MATCALS), C-9, C-10, C-11, E-7, E-11
Marine air traffic control mobile team (MMT), I-11, I-12, I-13, I-14, II-1, II-2, II-3, II-4,
II-5, III-2, C-4, C-7, C-8, C-9, C-10, C-11, E-9, E-11, E-28
Marine Corps Air Command and Control System (MACCS), C-1, C-2, C-3, C-4, C-6, C-9,
C-10, C-11, C-12, C-13, C-17, E-11
Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF), C-6, C-8, D-1
Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU), II-4, II-5, III-1, C-4, C-6, C-8, D-1
Marine liaison officer (MARLO), I-3, C-5
Marine Remote Area Approach and Landing System (MRAALS), II-4, II-5, E-10, E-28
METeorological/NAVigational (METNAV), E-20
military operations other than war (MOOTW), A-1, A-4, C-1, C-7
Index-3
mission, enemy, terrain, and weather, troops and support available -- time available
(METT-T), C-12, C-18
Mobile Microwave Landing System (MMLS), I-14, II-2, II-3, II-4, III-2, E-22, E-23, E-24,
E-27, F-2
Mobile Tower System (MOTS), IV-1, B-8, E-1, E-2, E-3, E-5
multipurpose amphibious assault ships, with internal dock (LHD), I-14, D-1, D-2, D-4,
D-5, D-6, D-8, E-12, E-13
multi-Service tactics, techniques, and procedures (MTTP), ii, A-3
N
navigational aids (NAVAIDS), I-7, I-8, II-2, II-4, II-5, III-2, III-3, A-7, B-4, B-5, C-5, C-7,
C-8, C-9, C-10, C-13, E-9, F-2
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), C-18
O
Operations Directorate of a joint staff (J-3), I-2
operations staff officer (G-3), B-3, B-4
P
pick up zones (PZ), E-1
Primary Surveillance Radar System (PSR), E-25
Procedures for Air Navigation Service-Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Services (PANS-
RAC), H-3, H-4
S
Secondary Surveillance Radar System (SSR), E-16, E-25, E-26
Single-channel Ground and Airborne Radio System (SINCGARS), B-8, E-1, E-2, E-3, E-
4, E-9, E-28, E-29
special instructions (SPINS), I-4, B-3, B-4, D-3
Suggested Organization, iv, I-4
T
TACC, I-14, C-4, C-5, D-2, D-3, D-6, D-7, D-10, D-12, E-7, E-11
tactical air navigation (TACAN), I-14, II-2, II-3, II-4, II-5, III-2, A-1, A-2, C-6, C-19, E-8,
E-11, E-19, E-20, E-21, E-22, E-23, E-24, E-27, E-28, F-2, F-9, F-11
Tactical Airspace Integration System (TAIS), B-5, B-8, E-3
tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP), i
tanker airlift control element (TALCE), I-14, II-2, II-3
terminal instrument procedures (TERPS), I-4, I-5, I-6, I-7, I-10, I-13, I-14, II-2, II-4, II-5,
III-2, A-2, A-7, B-3, C-5, C-6, C-11, E-15, E-16, E-17, E-20, F-3, F-10
U
ultra high frequency (UHF), II-4, B-6, B-8, B-9, C-10, C-14, D-2, D-3, E-1, E-2, E-3, E-4,
E-7, E-8, E-9, E-10, E-14, E-15, E-16, E-18, E-19, E-21, E-22, E-24, E-25, E-26, E-27,
E-28, E-29, F-1, F-7, G-1, G-2
unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), I-12, IV-2, C-16, C-17
Index-4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Content      ..     2      3      4