|
|
|
The required relationship between the speeds of rotation of the hob and part is obtained by means of change gears in the hobbing- machine gear train. In addition to the rotary motions of the hob and part, the machine table (or the hob slid e ) is fed axially along the work in order to mill the length of the tooth . I n the time that the wheel rotates b y one circular pitch (tooth plus space ) a s ingle-thread hob accomplishes one rotation. Obviously, the axial lead of the hob thread ( the distance between two threads in the axial cross sec tion ) must be e qual to the circular pitch of the whe el . This i s the basic condition for the relationship between the hob and the gear to be mille d t h e l i n e a r e q u a l i t y o f t h e h o b l e a d a n d t h e g e a r p i t c h. In the case of a multi- th read hob, one revolution of the hob will corre- spond to.i._ revolutions of the gear, where i is the number of threads on the z hob . The hobbing m ethod is us ed in watch production for milling wheels and pinions with more than 12 teeth. Involute wheels of the s am e module but with different numbers of teeth are all milled by the same hob. The involute profile thus m akes it possible to s tandardize the cutting tool . Watch- gearing profile wheels and pinions are each milled by a special hob . The hobbing method is not universal, as not all gears can be hobbed . When involute gears with a small number o f teeth are hobbed, undercutting occurs (Figure 22 ) . Undercutting is p res ent when the point A on the profile of the hob tooth is nearer to the gear center than point B (the point at which the line of action BP is tangent to the bas e circle of the gear, of radius r0 ) . Considerable undercutting reduces the working length of the involute and cas e s , undercutting reduces the tooth s trength. Feed FIGURE 21. Diagram of FIGURE 22. Undercutting of an involute tooth for z < 14 In the case of s tandard 2 0° involute gearing, undercutting will occur when gears with fewer than 1 7 teeth are hobbed. However, hobbing is considered as acceptable for gears with as few as 14 teeth, since the undercutting is negligible in that case and the tooth face of the mating gear can be made 1 89 |