FT
FT
FT
FT Four-Wheel
Four-Wheel
Four-Wheel
Four-Wheel Alignment
Alignment
Alignment
Alignment
- 185 -
Instruction
Instruction
Instruction
Instruction and
and
and
and Operation
Operation
Operation
Operation
Four-wheel
Four-wheel
Four-wheel
Four-wheel alignment
alignment
alignment
alignment parameters
parameters
parameters
parameters
Front wheel camber
0.75±1°
1.25°
Kingpin caster
1.5±1.5°
1°
Kingpin inclination angle
12.75°±1°
1.25°
Toe-in
0~2mm
This vehicle is light-duty bus, with integral rear axle.
Rear wheel parameters cannot be adjusted during
four-wheel alignment.
1.
Front wheel camber:
Camber refers to the angle included between
geometry centerline and plumb line of tire viewed
from the front of vehicle. Tire upper edge deviates
to the inside (approaching to engine) or outside
(deviated from engine):
�
Zero camber refers to the state that the tire
centerline is coincided with the plumb line.
�
Positive camber refers to the state that the tire
centerline is located outside of plumb line.
�
Negative camber refers to the state that the tire
centerline is located inside of plumb line.
�
Excessive camber may lead to outside wear of
tire and too small camber may lead to inside
wear of tire. In case of inconsistency between
two wheel cambers, the vehicle shall be pulled
to one side of the larger camber.
Toe-in
Toe-in
Toe-in
Toe-in definition
definition
definition
definition
Front wheel toe-in is observed from the front of
vehicle and measured when two wheel axles are of
the same height. Front and rear end distance
difference between left and right tire centerline is
known as the total toe-in, as shown in the figure:
Zero toe-in: Left and right tire centerline distance
at front and rear end is equal: A=B.
Positive toe-in: Left and right tire centerline
distance at front end is less than that at rear end:
A<B.
Negative toe-in: Left and right tire centerline
distance at front end is larger than that at rear end:
A>B.
2.
Toe-in function
It is used for elimination of tire skidding caused by
camber. The effect of wheel camber shall make the
wheel top face tilted outwards and the wheel shall
roll outwards during running, thus skidding is
formed, which shall lead to tire wear. The toe-in
functions to eliminate tire skidding due to camber,
as shown in the figure:
Front
Wheel toe-in:
Wheel toe-out: