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FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A________________________________________________________________
to - A procedure word meaning, “The addressee(s) immediately following is (are) addressed for
action.” See also procedure word. (FM 24-19)
tolerance dose (DOD) - The amount of radiation that may be received by an individual within
a specified period with negligible results. See FM 3-3-1.
topographical crest - Highest point on a hill, ridge, or mountain. See also military crest. (FM
3-25.26)
topographic map - (DOD) A map that presents the vertical position of features in measurable
form as well as their horizontal position. See also map. See FM 3-25.26.
total asset visibility - (DOD) The capability to provide users with timely and accurate
information on the location, movement, status, and identity of units, personnel, equipment,
materiel, and supplies. It also includes the capability to act upon that information and to
improve overall performance of the Department of Defense logistic practices. (Army) The
capability for both operational and logistics managers to obtain and act on information on
the location, quantity, condition, movement, and status of assets throughout DOD's logistics
system. Total asset visibility includes all levels and all secondary items, both consumable
and reparable. (FM 4-0) (Marine Corps) The ability to access on demand the status and
location of any required materiel. Also called TAV. See also in-transit visibility.
total mobilization - (DOD) Expansion of the active Armed Forces resulting from action by
Congress and the President to organize and/or generate additional units or personnel beyond
the existing force structure, and the resources needed for their support, to meet the total
requirements for war or other national emergency involving an external threat to the
national security. See also mobilization. See FM 100-17.
toxic - Capable of producing illness, injury, or damage to humans, domestic livestock, wildlife,
or other organisms through ingestion, inhalation, or absorption through any body surface.
(FM 3-100.4)
toxic industrial biological - Biological materials (bacteria, viruses, and toxins) found in
medical research, pharmaceutical, and other manufacturing processes that are toxic to
humans and animals or cause damage to plants. Also called TIB. (FM 4-02.7)
toxic industrial chemical - Chemical compounds used or produced in industrial processes that
are toxic to humans and animals or cause damage to plants. Also called TIC. (FM 4-02.7)
toxic industrial hazard - The hazards resulting from the release, by any means, of toxic
industrial materials, resulting in contamination or irradiation of personnel or the
environment area or any particular object. Also called TIH. (FM 3-100.4)
toxic industrial material - A generic term for toxic radioactive compounds in solid, liquid,
aerosolized or gaseous form. These may be used, or stored for use, for industrial, commercial,
medical, military, or domestic purposes. Toxic industrial materials may be chemical,
biological, or radioactive and described as toxic industrial chemical (TIC), toxic industrial
biological (TIB), or toxic industrial radiological (TIR). Also called TIM. (FM 3-19)
toxic industrial radiological
- Radiation-emitting materials used in research, power
generation, medical treatment, and other nonweapon developmental activities that are
harmful to humans and animals if released outside their controlled environment. Also called
TIR. (FM 4-02.7)
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_________________________________________________________________Operational Terms
toxicity - One of the four possible characteristics of hazardous waste as defined by the
Environmental Protection Agency. It is the ability to release certain toxic constituents when
leaded with mild acid. (FM 3-100.4)
toxin agent - (DOD) A poison formed as a specific secretion product in the metabolism of a
vegetable or animal organism as distinguished from inorganic poisons. Such poisons can also
be manufactured by synthetic processes. See FM 8-284.
track - (DOD) 1. A series of related contacts displayed on a data display console or other display
devices. See FM 44-100. 2. To display or record the successive positions of a moving object.
See FM 44-100. 3. To lock onto a point of radiation and obtain guidance therefrom. See FM
44-100.
4. To keep a gun properly aimed, or to point continuously a target-locating
instrument at a moving target. 5. The actual path of an aircraft above, or a ship on, the
surface of the Earth. The course is the path that is planned; the track is the path that is
actually taken. See FM 3-04.111. 6. One of two endless belts on which a full-track or half-
track vehicle runs. 7. A metal part forming a path for a moving object, e.g., the track around
the inside of a vehicle for moving a mounted machine gun.
tracking - (NATO) Precise and continuous position-finding of targets by radar, optical, and
other means. See FM 44-100.
track telling - (DOD, NATO) The process of communicating air surveillance and tactical data
information between command and control systems or between facilities within the systems.
Telling may be classified into the following types: back tell; cross tell; forward tell; lateral
tell; overlap tell; and relateral tell. [Note: the NATO definition defines each type as follows:
a. back tell—the transfer of information from a higher to a lower echelon of command;
b. cross tell—the transfer of information between facilities at the same operational level;
c. forward tell—the transfer of information to a higher level of command; d. overlap tell—
the transfer of information to an adjacent facility concerning tracks detected in the adjacent
facility’s area of responsibility; e. relateral tell—the relay of information between facilities
through a third facility. This type of telling is appropriate between automated facilities in a
degraded communication environment.”]
trafficability - (DOD, NATO) Capability of terrain to bear traffic. It refers to the extent to
which the terrain will permit continued movement of any or all types of traffic. See FM 34-
130.
traffic control post - Manned post used to preclude interruption of traffic flow or movement
along designated routes. They are used to support maneuver and mobility support operations
only when needed. Also called TCP. (FM 3-19.4) (See page 7-64 for symbol.)
trailer transfer point - A location where trailers are transferred from one carrier to another
while en route. See also logistics release point. (FM 55-30) (See page 7-64 for symbol.)
trail party - The last march unit in a march serial, usually consisting of priority maintenance
and recovery vehicles. See also unit maintenance collection point. (FM 63-2)
train - (DOD) 1. A service force or group of service elements that provides logistic support, e.g.,
an organization of naval auxiliary ships or merchant ships attached to a fleet for this
purpose; similarly, the vehicles and operating personnel which furnish supply, evacuation
and maintenance services to a land unit. See FM 4-0. 2. Bombs dropped in short interval or
sequence. See FM 3-04.111. See also combat trains; field trains; unit trains.
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transmission security - (DOD) The component of communications security that results from
all measures designed to protect transmissions from interception and exploitation by means
other than cryptanalysis. See also communications security. See FM 34-1.
transportation - A combat service support function: moving and transferring units, personnel,
equipment, and supplies to support the concept of operations. Transportation incorporates
military, commercial, and multinational capabilities. Transportation assets include motor,
rail, air, and water modes and units; terminal units, activities, and infrastructure; and
movement control units and activities. (FM 4-0)
traveling - A movement technique used when speed is necessary and contact with enemy forces
is not likely. All elements of the unit move simultaneously with the unit leader located where
he can best control his unit. (FM 3-90)
traveling overwatch - (Army/Marine Corps) A movement technique used when contact with
enemy forces is possible. The lead element and trailing element are separated by a short
distance which varies with the terrain. The trailing element moves at variable speeds and
may pause for short periods to overwatch the lead element. It keys its movement to terrain
and the lead element. The trailing element overwatches at such a distance that, should the
enemy engage the lead element, it will not prevent the trailing element from firing or moving
to support the lead element. (FM 3-90).
triage - (NATO) 1. The evaluation and classification of wounded for purposes of treatment and
evacuation. It consists of the immediate sorting of patients according to type and seriousness
of injury, and likelihood of survival, and the establishment of priority for treatment and
evacuation to assure medical care of the greatest benefit to the largest number. See FM 4-02.
2. In battlefield maintenance, the classification of equipment by a maintenance unit for
further action. See FM 4.30.3. Also called sorting.
trigger - 1. Event- or time-oriented criteria used to initiate planned actions directed toward
achieving surprise and inflicting maximum destruction on the enemy. 2. A designated point
or points (selected along identifiable terrain) in an engagement area used to mass fires at a
predetermined range. (FM 6-30)
trigger line - A phase line—located on identifiable terrain that crosses the engagement area—
used to initiate and mass fires into an engagement area at a predetermined range for all or
like weapon systems. (FM 3-90)
troop movement - The movement of troops from one place to another by any available means.
(FM 3-90)
true azimuth - Direction measured as an angle to the east of the north star (Polaris). See also
azimuth. (FM 3-25.26)
true north - (DOD, NATO) The direction from an observer’s position to the geographic North
Pole. The north direction of any geographic meridian. See FM 3-25.26.
turn - 1. A tactical mission task that involves forcing an enemy force from one avenue of
approach or movement corridor to another. 2. A tactical obstacle effect that integrates fire
planning and obstacle effort to drive an enemy formation from one avenue of approach to an
adjacent avenue of approach or into an engagement area. (FM 3-90) (See pages 7-49 and A-6
for symbol.)
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_________________________________________________________________Operational Terms
turnaround - (DOD, NATO) The length of time between arriving at a point and being ready to
depart from that point. It is used in this sense for the loading, unloading, refueling, and
rearming, where appropriate, of vehicles, aircraft, and ships. See FM 55-30.
turning movement - (DOD, NATO) A variation of the envelopment in which the attacking
force passes around or over the enemy’s principal defensive positions to secure objectives
deep in the enemy’s rear to force the enemy to abandon his position or divert major forces to
meet the threat. (Army) A form of maneuver in which the attacking force seeks to avoid the
enemy’s principal defensive positions by seizing objectives to the enemy rear and causing the
enemy to move out of his current positions or divert major forces to meet the threat. See also
forms of maneuver. (FM 3-0)
turning point - (DOD, NATO) In land mine warfare, a point on the centerline of a mine strip or
row where it changes direction. See FM 20-32.
turret down - Fighting position in which the entire vehicle is behind cover, but the commander
can still observe to the front from the turret hatch or cupola. See also hide; hull down. (FM
3-20.15)
twilight - The period of incomplete darkness following sunset and preceding sunrise. Twilight is
designated as civil, nautical, or astronomical, as the darker limit occurs when the center of
the sun is 6, 12, or 18 degrees, respectively, below the celestial horizon. See also begin
morning civil twilight; begin morning nautical twilight; end evening civil twilight;
end of evening nautical twilight. (FM 34-130)
—U—
unanticipated immediate target - (DOD) Those immediate targets that are unknown or not
expected to exist in an operational area. See also immediate target(s); operational area;
target; unplanned immediate target. See FM 6-20-40.
uncertain environment - (DOD) Operational environment in which host government forces,
whether opposed or receptive to operations that a unit intends to conduct, do not have totally
effective control of the territory and population in the intended operational area. See also
operational environment. See FM 3-07.
uncommitted force - A force that is not in contact with an enemy and is not already assigned a
specific mission or course of action which would preclude its use elsewhere. (FM 3-90)
unconventional warfare - (DOD) A broad spectrum of military and paramilitary operations,
normally of long duration, predominantly conducted by indigenous or surrogate forces who
are organized, trained, equipped, supported, and directed in varying degrees by an external
source. It includes guerrilla warfare and other direct offensive, low visibility, covert, or
clandestine operations, as well as the indirect activities of subversion, sabotage, intelligence
activities, and evasion and escape. Also called UW. See also military operations other
than war. See FM 3-05.201.
underground - A covert unconventional warfare organization established to operate in areas
denied to the guerrilla forces or conduct operations not suitable for guerrilla forces. (FM 3-
05.20)
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understanding
- In the context of the cognitive hierarchy, knowledge that has been
synthesized and had judgment applied to it in a specific situation to comprehend the
situation’s inner relationships. (FM 6-0)
unexploded explosive ordnance - (DOD, NATO) Explosive ordnance which has been primed,
fused, armed, or otherwise prepared for action, and which has been fired, dropped, launched,
projected, or placed in such a manner as to constitute a hazard to operations, installations,
personnel, or material, and remains unexploded either by malfunction or design or for any
other cause. Also called UXO. See FM 21-16.
unified action - (DOD) A broad generic term that describes the wide scope of actions (including
the synchronization of activities with governmental and nongovernmental agencies) taking
place within unified commands, subordinate unified commands, or joint task forces under the
overall direction of the commanders of those commands. See FM 3-0.
unified combatant command - See also unified command.
unified command - (DOD) A command with a broad continuing mission under a single
commander and composed of significant assigned components of two or more Military
Departments, that is established and so designated by the President through the Secretary
of Defense with the advice and assistance of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Also
called unified combatant command. See also combatant command. See FM 100-7.
unit - (DOD, NATO) 1. Any military element whose structure is prescribed by competent
authority, such as a table of organization and equipment; specifically, part of an
organization. [Note: the NATO definition does not include “such as a table of organization
and equipment; specifically part of an organization.”] 2. A standard or basic quantity into
which an item of supply is divided, issued, and used. [Note: the NATO definition ends here.]
In this meaning, also called unit of issue.
3. (DOD only) An organization title of a
subdivision of a group in a task force. 4. With regard to Reserve Components of the Armed
Forces, denotes a Selected Reserve unit organized, equipped, and trained for mobilization to
serve on active duty as a unit or to augment or be augmented by another unit. Headquarters
and support functions without wartime missions are not considered units. (See page B-1 for
symbols.)
unit configured load - Load built to the known requirements of a consuming unit. These loads
are normally built in the corps area of operations to be delivered directly to the consuming
unit. Also called UCL. (FM 4-0).
unit distribution - A method of distributing supplies by which the receiving unit is issued
supplies in its own area, with transportation furnished by the issuing agency. (FM 10-1)
unit maintenance collection point - A location or series of locations, operated by a battalion
maintenance platoon, that is the nearest point to the combat unit to which equipment can be
recovered, and where limited parts are available, and some repairs can be performed. Also
called UMCP. (FM 4-30.3) (See page 7-65 for symbol.)
unit trains - Combat service support personnel and equipment organic or attached to a force
that provides support such as supply, evacuation, and maintenance services. Unit trains,
whether or not echeloned, are under unit control and no portion of them is released to the
control of a higher headquarters. Trains are normally echeloned into combat and field trains.
See also combat trains; field trains. (FM 4-0)
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unity of command - One of the nine principles of war: For every objective, ensure unity of
effort under one responsible commander. See also principles of war. (FM 3-0)
unity of effort - Coordination and cooperation among all forces toward a commonly recognized
objective, even if the forces are not necessarily part of the same command structure. (FM 6-0)
Universal Time (DOD) - A measure of time that conforms, within a close approximation, to the
mean diurnal rotation of the Earth and serves as the basis of civil timekeeping. Universal
Time (UT1) is determined from observations of the stars, radio sources, and also from
ranging observations of the moon and artificial Earth satellites. The scale determined
directly from such observations is designated Universal Time Observed (UTO); it is slightly
dependent on the place of observation. When UTO is corrected for the shift in longitude of
the observing station caused by polar motion, the time scale UT1 is obtained. When an
accuracy better than one second is not required, Universal Time can be used to mean
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). Formerly called Greenwich Mean Time. Also called
ZULU time. See FM 101-5.
universal transverse mercator grid - (DOD, NATO) A grid coordinate system based on the
transverse mercator projection, applied to maps of the Earth’s surface extending to 84
degrees N and 80 degrees S latitudes. Also called UTM grid. See FM 3-25.26.
unknown - (DOD) 1. A code meaning “information not available.” 2. An unidentified target. An
aircraft or ship that has not been determined to be hostile, friendly, or neutral using
identification friend or foe and other techniques, but that must be tracked by air defense or
naval engagement systems. See FM 44-100. 3. An identity applied to an evaluated track that
has not been identified. See also friendly; hostile; neutral; suspect. See FM 44-100. (See
page 4-3 for symbol.)
unknown station - A procedure word meaning, “The identity of the station with whom I am
attempting to establish communications is unknown.” See also procedure word. (FM 24-
19)
unobserved fire - (NATO) Fire for which the points of impact or burst are not observed. See
FM 6-30.
unplanned immediate target - (DOD) Those immediate targets that are known to exist but
are not detected, located, or selected for action in sufficient time to be included in the normal
targeting process. See also immediate target(s); operational area; target;
unanticipated immediate target. See FM 6-20-40.
unwarned exposed - (DOD, NATO) The vulnerability of friendly forces to nuclear weapon
effects. In this condition, personnel are assumed to be standing in the open at burst time, but
have dropped to prone position by the time the blast wave arrives. They are expected to have
areas of bare skin exposed to direct thermal radiation, and some personnel may suffer dazzle.
See also warned exposed; warned protected. See FM 100-30.
unwitting actor - An individual participating in the conduct of military deception operations
without personal knowledge of the facts of the deception. (FM 3-13)
up - (NATO) In artillery and naval fire support: a. A term used in a call for fire to indicate that
the target is higher in altitude than the point which has been used as a reference point for
the target location. b. A correction used by an observer or a spotter in time fire to indicate
that an increase in height of burst is desired. [Note: the Army definition also applies to
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mortar fire.] (Army) Indirect fire, a term used to move the point of aim higher than the
previous point of aim, usually expressed in mils. (FM 6-30)
urban area - A topographical complex where manmade construction or high population density
is the dominant feature. (FM 3-06)
urban environment - Includes the physical urban area and the complex and dynamic
interaction among its key components—the terrain (natural and manmade), the population,
and the supporting infrastructure—as an overlapping and interdependent system of systems.
Effects of this interaction may extend well into surrounding rural areas, as well as
significantly influence smaller neighboring urban areas. Critical elements of the
infrastructure may well lie outside the area’s physical confines. (FM 3-06)
urban operations - Offense, defense, stability, and support operations conducted in a
topographical complex and adjacent natural terrain where manmade construction and high
population density are the dominant features. (FM 3-0)
—V—
V-agents - Persistent, highly toxic nerve agents absorbed primarily through the skin. (FM 3-9)
variances - Differences between the actual situation during an operation and what the plan
forecasted the situation would be at that time or event. (FM 6-0)
vee formation - A unit formation with subordinate elements arranged in a V formation with
the point facing away from the templated enemy. This formation is hard to reorient and
difficult to control in heavily wooded areas but provides good firepower to the front and
flanks. See also formation; movement formation; wedge formation. (FM 3-90)
vehicle distance - (DOD, NATO) The clearance between vehicles in a column which is
measured from the rear of one vehicle to the front of the following vehicle. See also march
column; march serial; march unit. See FM 55-30.
vehicle washdown - Technique used for flushing contamination off equipment surfaces to limit
the spreading and transferring of contamination. Along with mission-oriented protective
posture gear exchange, it is part of decontamination operations. (FM 3-5)
verify - A procedure word meaning, “Verify entire message (or portion indicated) with the
originator and send correct version.” (To be used only at the discretion of the addressee to
which question message was directed.) See also procedure word. (FM 24-19)
versatility - The ability of Army forces to meet the global, diverse mission requirements of full
spectrum operations. (FM 3-0)
vertical envelopment - (DOD) A tactical maneuver in which troops, either air-dropped or air-
landed, attack the rear and flanks of a force, in effect cutting off or encircling the force. See
also air assault; envelopment. See FM 90-4.
vesicant agent - See blister agent.
viral agents - A group of viruses that have been selected as biological warfare agents because of
their ability to produce disease, illness, and death in susceptible individuals. (FM 8-284)
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_________________________________________________________________Operational Terms
visual flight rules - A meteorological condition that allows pilots to control aircraft orientation
and attitude using visual references
(the ground and natural horizon). When weather
conditions are good enough to allow pilots to safely operate their aircraft without the control
requirements of instrument flight rules flight procedures, and weather minimum conditions
are above the regulatory requirements for visual flight rules (VFR) flight, pilots may operate
under VFR procedures. Also called VFR. (FM 3-04.111)
visualize - To create and think in mental images. (FM 6-0)
vulnerability - (DOD) 1. The susceptibility of a nation or military force to any action by any
means through which its war potential or combat effectiveness may be reduced or its will to
fight diminished.
2. The characteristics of a system that cause it to suffer a definite
degradation (incapability to perform the designated mission) as a result of having been
subjected to a certain level of effects in an unnatural (manmade) hostile environment. 3. In
information operations, a weakness in information system security design, procedures,
implementation, or internal controls that could be exploited to gain unauthorized access to
information or an information system. See FM 3-13. (Army) Manifestation of an unsatisfied
or perceived need in an individual or a target audience. (FM 3-05.30).
vulnerability analysis - (DOD) In information operations, a systematic examination of an
information system or product to determine the adequacy of security measures, identify
security deficiencies, provide data from which to predict the effectiveness of proposed
security measures, and confirm the adequacy of such measures after implementation. See
FM 3-13. (Army) A process to determine which friendly elements are within the radius of
vulnerability for a proposed friendly weapon of mass destruction target and whether they
will be exposed to a radiation risk greater than emergency risk. See also emergency risk;
information operations; information system; radius of vulnerability; security;
troop safety; vulnerability. (FM 3-3-1)
—W—
wait - A procedure word meaning, “I must pause for a few seconds.” See also procedure word.
(FM 24-19)
waiting area - A location adjacent to the route or axis that may be used for the concealment of
vehicles, troops, and equipment while an element is waiting to resume movement. Waiting
areas are normally located on both banks close to crossing areas. (FM 90-13)
wait out - A procedure word meaning, “I must wait for longer than a few seconds.” See also
procedure word. (FM 24-19)
walking patient - (DOD) A patient whose injuries and/or illness are relatively minor,
permitting the patient to walk and not require a litter. (NATO) A patient not requiring litter
while in transit. See also casualty; patient. See FM 4-02.
war game - (DOD) A simulation, by whatever means, of a military operation involving two or
more opposing forces, using rules, data, and procedures designed to depict an actual or
assumed real life situation. [Note: see AAP-6.] See FM 101-5.
wargaming - A step-by-step process of action, reaction, and counteraction for visualizing the
execution of each friendly course of action (COA) in relation to enemy COAs and reactions. It
explores the possible branches and sequels to the primary plan resulting in a final plan and
decision points for critical actions. See also commander’s visualization. (FM 101-5)
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warned exposed - (DOD, NATO) The vulnerability of friendly forces to nuclear weapon effects.
In this condition, personnel are assumed to be prone with all skin covered and with thermal
protection, at least that provided by a two-layer summer uniform. See also unwarned
exposed; warned protected. See FM 100-30.
warned protected - (DOD, NATO) The vulnerability of friendly forces to nuclear weapon
effects. In this condition, personnel are assumed to have some protection against heat, blast,
and radiation such as that afforded in enclosed armored vehicles or crouched in fox holes
with improvised overhead shielding. See also unwarned exposed; warned exposed. See
FM 100-30.
warning order - (DOD, NATO) 1. A preliminary notice of an order or action which is to follow.
2. (DOD only) A crisis action planning directive issued by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of
Staff that initiates the development and evaluation of courses of action by a supported
commander and requests that a commander’s estimate be submitted. 3. A planning directive
that describes the situation, allocates forces and resources, establishes command
relationships, provides other initial planning guidance, and initiates subordinate unit
mission planning. Also called WARNO. See FM 101-5.
waste - Any discarded material. See also hazardous waste; medical waste; solid waste.
(FM 3-100.4)
water terminal (DOD) - A facility for berthing ships simultaneously at piers, quays, and/or
working anchorages, normally located within sheltered coastal waters adjacent to rail,
highway, air, and/or inland water transportation networks. See FM 55-60.
wave - (DOD, NATO) 1. A formation of forces, landing ships, craft, amphibious vehicles, or
aircraft required to beach or land about the same time. [Note: the NATO definition begins
with “In amphibious operations.”] Can be classified as to type, function, or order as shown:
a. assault wave; b. boat wave; c. helicopter wave; d. numbered wave; e. on-call wave;
f. scheduled wave.
2. (DOD only) An undulation of water caused by the progressive
movement of energy from point to point along the surface of the water.
way point - (DOD) 1. In air operations, a point or a series of points in space to which an
aircraft, ship, or cruise missile may be vectored. See FM 3-04.111. 2. A designated point or
series of points loaded and stored in a global positioning system or other electronic
navigational aid system to facilitate movement. See FM 3-25.26. (See page 7-44 for symbol.)
W-day - (DOD) Declared by the President and the Secretary of Defense or their duly deputized
alternates or successors, W-day is associated with an adversary decision to prepare for war
(unambiguous strategic warning). See also times. See FM 101-5.
weapon control status - Weapon control statuses (weapons free, weapons tight, weapons hold)
describe the relative degree of control of air defense fires. Weapon control statuses apply to
weapon systems, volumes of airspace, or types of air platforms. The degree or extent of
control varies depending on the tactical situation. Weapons Free—Weapons can fire at any
air target not positively identified as friendly. This is the least restrictive weapon control
status. Weapons Tight—Fire only at air targets that are identified as hostile according to
the prevailing hostile criteria. Identification can be effected by a number of means to include
visual identification (aided or unaided), electronic, or procedural means. Capabilities dictate
that air defense artillery units engage threatening ballistic missiles and ASMs based on
classification, not identification. Weapons Hold—Do not fire except in self-defense or in
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_________________________________________________________________Operational Terms
response to a formal order. This is the most restrictive weapon control status. [Note: see
AAP-6.] (FM 44-100)
weapon engagement zone - (DOD) In air defense, airspace of defined dimensions within
which the responsibility for engagement of air threats normally rests with a particular
weapon system. Also called WEZ. a. fighter engagement zone. In air defense, that
airspace of defined dimensions within which the responsibility for engagement of air threats
normally rests with fighter aircraft. Also called FEZ. b. high-altitude missile engagement
zone. In air defense, that airspace of defined dimensions within which the responsibility for
engagement of air threats normally rests with high-altitude surface-to-air missiles. Also
called HIMEZ. c. low-altitude missile engagement zone. In air defense, that airspace of
defined dimensions within which the responsibility for engagement of air threats normally
rests with low- to medium-altitude surface-to-air missiles. Also called LOMEZ. d. short-
range air defense engagement zone. In air defense, that airspace of defined dimensions
within which the responsibility for engagement of air threats normally rests with short-
range air defense weapons. It may be established within a low- or high-altitude missile
engagement zone. Also called SHORADEZ. e. joint engagement zone. In air defense, that
airspace of defined dimensions within which multiple air defense systems (surface-to-air
missiles and aircraft) are simultaneously employed to engage air threats. Also called JEZ.
See FM 3-52.
weapons free zone - (DOD) An air defense zone established for the protection of key assets or
facilities, other than air bases, where weapon systems may be fired at any target not
positively recognized as friendly. See also air defense weapon control status. See FM 44-
100. (See page 7-21 for symbol.)
weapons of mass destruction - (DOD) Weapons that are capable of a high order of
destruction and/or of being used in such a manner as to destroy large numbers of people.
Weapons of mass destruction can be high explosives or nuclear, biological, chemical, and
radiological weapons, but exclude the means of transporting or propelling the weapon where
such means is a separable and divisible part of the weapon. Also called WMD. See FM 3-
11.21.
wedge formation - A unit formation with subordinate elements in a vee formation with the
point toward the suspected or templated enemy positions. This facilitates control and
transition to the assault (line formation). The wedge provides maximum firepower forward
and good firepower to the flanks. See also formation; vee formation. (FM 3-90)
white propaganda - (DOD, NATO) Propaganda disseminated and acknowledged by the
sponsor or by an accredited agency thereof. See also black propaganda; grey
propaganda; propaganda. See FM 3-05.30.
wilco - A procedure word meaning, “I have received your signal, understand it, and will
comply.” (To be used only by addressee. Since the meaning of ROGER is included in that of
WILCO, the two procedure words are never used together.) See also procedure word. (FM
24-19)
withdrawal operation - (DOD, NATO) A planned retrograde operation in which a force in
contact disengages from an enemy force and moves in a direction away from the enemy.
[Note: see AAP-6.] See also retrograde. See FM 3-0.
1-199
FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A________________________________________________________________
witting actor - An individual participating in the conduct of a military deception operation who
is fully aware of the facts of the deception. (FM 3-13)
word after - A procedure word meaning, ”The word of the message to which I have reference is
that which follows (insert text).” See also procedure word. (FM 24-19)
word before - A procedure word meaning, “The word of the message to which I have reference
is that which precedes (insert text).” See also procedure word. (FM 24-19)
words twice - A procedure word meaning, “Communication is difficult. Transmit (ring) each
phrase (or each code group) twice.” This procedure word may be used as an order, request, or
as information. See also procedure word. (FM 24-19)
world geographic reference system - See georef.
wounded in action - (DOD) A casualty category applicable to a hostile casualty, other than the
victim of a terrorist activity, who has incurred an injury due to an external agent or cause.
The term encompasses all kinds of wounds and other injuries incurred in action, whether
there is a piercing of the body, as in a penetration or perforated wound, or none, as in the
contused wound. These include fractures, burns, blast concussions, all effects of biological
and chemical warfare agents, and the effects of an exposure to ionizing radiation or any other
destructive weapon or agent. The hostile casualty’s status may be categorized as “very
seriously ill or injured,” “seriously ill or injured,” “incapacitating illness or injury,” or “not
seriously injured.” Also called WIA. See FM 4-02.
wrong - A procedure word meaning, “Your last transmission was incorrect, the correct version
is (insert text).” See also procedure word. (FM 24-19)
—X—
X-hour - The unspecified time that commences unit notification for planning and deployment
preparation in support of potential contingency operations that do not involve rapid, no-
notice deployment. (FM 101-5)
X-hour sequence - Extended sequence of events initiated by X-hour that allows a unit to focus
on planning for a potential contingency operation, to include preparation for deployment.
(FM 101-5)
—Z—
zone of fire - (DOD) An area into which a designated ground unit or fire support ship delivers,
or is prepared to deliver, fire support. Fire may or may not be observed. (Army) Usually
utilized during amphibious operations. The zone of fire is used to coordinate the efforts of the
fire support ships and units with each other and with the ground scheme of maneuver. The
size and location of a zone of fire is based on the ground force boundaries; the area in which
the supporting ships and units can provide effective fire; visibility; range of the ship’s guns;
and the height of intervening terrain. See also fire support area; fire support station;
naval gunfire support. (FM 6-20-30).
zone reconnaissance - A form of reconnaissance that involves a directed effort to obtain
detailed information on all routes, obstacles, terrain, and enemy forces within a zone defined
by boundaries. [Note: the Marine Corps definition adds: “A zone reconnaissance normally is
assigned when the enemy situation is vague or when information concerning cross-country
trafficability is desired.”] See also reconnaissance. (FM 3-90)
1-200
_________________________________________________________________Operational Terms
ZULU Time - See Universal Time.
1-201
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Chapter 2
Operational Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Country Codes
SECTION I - ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
—A—
A2C2
Army airspace command and control
A/A
air-to-air
AA
assembly area; avenue of approach
AAA
antiaircraft artillery
AADC
area air defense commander
AAP
Allied Administrative Publication
AASLT
air assault
AATF
air assault task force
AATFC
air assault task force commander
AAW
antiair warfare
ABCA
America, Britain, Canada, and Australia [Armies
Standardization Program]
ABCCC
airborne battlefield command and control center
ABCS
Army Battle Command System
ABE
assistant brigade engineer
abn
airborne
AC
active component
ACA
airspace control authority; airspace coordination area
ACE
air combat element (NATO); analysis and control element;
armored combat earthmover; assistant corps engineer; aviation
combat element (USMC)
ACERT
Army Computer Emergency Response Team
ACERT/CC
Army Computer Emergency Response Team/Coordination
Center
acft
aircraft
ACL
allowable cabin load; allowable combat load
ACM
air contingency Marine air-ground task force; airspace control
measures
ACO
airspace control order
2-1
FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A________________________________________________________________
ACOUSINT
acoustic intelligence
ACP
air control point
acq
acquisition
ACR
armored cavalry regiment
AC/RC
active component/reserve component
ACT
analysis and control team
AD
air defense; armored division
ADA
air defense artillery
ADC
area damage control; assistant division commander
ADC(M)
assistant division commander (maneuver)
ADC(S)
assistant division commander (support)
ADCON
administrative control
ADL
armistice demarcation line
ADM
atomic demolition munitions
admin
administrative
ADOA
air defense operations area
ADP
automated data process(ing)
ADSO
assistant division signal officer
ADT
active duty for training
ADW
air defense warning
AE
aeromedical evacuation
AELT
air evacuation liaison team
AEW&C
airborne early warning and control
AF
amphibious force
AFATDS
Advanced Field Artillery Tactical Data System
A/G
air to ground
AG
adjutant general
AGL
above ground level
AGM
advanced guided munitions; air-to-ground missile system
AI
air interdiction
AIM
air intercept missile
AIS
Army information systems
ALCE
airlift control element
ALO
air liaison officer; artillery liaison officer
alt
alternate; altitude
AM
amplitude modulation
AMB
air mission brief; air mobility branch
AMC
air mission commander
2-2
___________________________________Operational Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Country Codes
ammo
ammunition
ANZAC
Australia and New Zealand Corps
AO
area of operations
AOA
amphibious objective area
AOB
advanced operations/operational base
AOC
air operations center
AOI
area of interest
AOIR
area of intelligence responsibility
AOR
area of responsibility
AP
antipersonnel
APC
armored personnel carrier
APO
Army Post Office
APOD
aerial port of debarkation
APOE
aerial port of embarkation
APORT
aerial port
APP
Allied Procedural Publication
AR
armor; Army regulation
ARAT-TA
Army Reprogramming Analysis Team-Threat Analysis
ARG
amphibious ready group
ARM
antiradiation missile
armd
armored
ARNG
Army National Guard
ARSOA
Army special operations aviation
ARSOF
Army special operations forces
ARSOTF
Army special operations task force
ARSPACE
Army Space Command
arty
artillery
A/S
air-to-surface
AS
area security
ASAS
All Source Analysis System
ASCC
Army service component commander
ASCM
antiship cruise missile
ASF
aeromedical staging facility
ASG
area support group
ASL
above sea level; allowable supply list; authorized stockage list
aslt
assault
ASLT PSN
assault position (graphics)
ASM
antiship missile
2-3
FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A________________________________________________________________
ASOC
air support operations center
ASP
ammunition supply point
ASR
alternate supply route; ammunition supply rate
ASW
antisubmarine warfare
AT
antitank; antiterrorism
ATACMS
Army Tactical Missile System
ATC
air traffic control
ATF
amphibious task force
atk
attack
ATK PSN
attack position (graphics)
ATLS
advance trauma life support
ATM
air tasking message
ATO
air tasking order
ATP
Allied Tactical Publication; ammunition transfer point
ATS
air traffic service
ATSS
Army Target Sensing System
AUTL
Army Universal Task List
AVIM
aviation intermediate maintenance
AVLB
armored vehicle-launched bridge
AVLM
armored vehicle-launched mine clearing
AVLO
aviation liaison officer
avn
aviation
AWACS
Airborne Warning and Control System
AXP
ambulance exchange point
—B—
B
biological (graphics)
BAS
battalion aid station
BCAT
base camp assistance/assessment team
BCD
battlefield coordination detachment
BCOC
base camp operations center; base cluster operations center
BCTP
battle command training program
BDA
battle damage assessment
bde
brigade
BDOC
base defense operations center
BDR
battle damage repair
BDU
battle dress uniform
BDZ
base defense zone
BF
battle fatigue; beginning of radioactive fallout
2-4
___________________________________Operational Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Country Codes
BFV
Bradley fighting vehicle
BG
brigadier general
BHL
battle handover line
BICC
battlefield information coordination center
biol
biological
BMCT
begin morning civil twilight
BMNT
begin morning nautical twilight
bn
battalion
BOM
bill of materials
BOS
battlefield operating systems
BP
battle position
BPAD
broadcast public affairs detachment
B/P
be-prepared mission
BRAA
bearing, range, altitude, aspect
BSA
brigade support area
btry
battery
BVR
beyond visual range
BZ
buffer zone
—C—
C
chemical (graphics); cover
C2
command and control
C3CM
command, control, and communications countermeasures
C4ISR
command, control, communications, computers, intelligence,
surveillance, and reconnaissance
CA
civil administration; civil affairs; combat assessment
cal
caliber
CALFEX
combined arms live fire exercise
CALL
Center for Army Lessons Learned
CAP
combat air patrol; crisis action planning
CARP
computed air release point
CARS
combat arms regimental system
cas
casualty
CAS
close air support
CASEVAC
casualty evacuation.
CATF
commander, amphibious task force
CATK
counterattack (graphics)
cav
cavalry
CBMU
construction battalion maintenance unit
2-5
FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A________________________________________________________________
CBRN
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear
CBRNE
chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high yield
explosives
cbt
combat
CBT
combatting terrorism
CCD
camouflage, concealment, and deception
CCIR
commander's critical information requirements
CCL
combat-configured load
CCP
casualty collection point; communications checkpoint
CCT
combat control team
CD
cavalry division; chemical defense; counterdrug
CDAP
computer defense assessment program
CDM
chemical downwind message
CDS
container delivery system
CE
command element; communications electronics
CEP
circular error probable
CERT
Computer Emergency Response Team
CEWI
combat electronic warfare and intelligence
CFA
call forward area; covering force area
CFL
coordinated fire line
CFZ
critical friendly zone
CG
commanding general
cGy
centigray
CH
chaplain
chem
chemical
CHEMO
chemical officer
C-HUMINT
counter-human intelligence
CI
combat intelligence; counterintelligence
CICA
counterintelligence coordinating authority
C-IMINT
counter-image intelligence
CINC
commander in chief (the President)
CJCS
Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff
CJTF
commander, joint task force
CLF
commander, landing force
CLR STA
clearing station (graphics)
CM
countermobility
cmd
command
CMISE
corps military intelligence support element
2-6
___________________________________Operational Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Country Codes
CMO
civil-military operations
CMOC
civil-military operations center
CMT
company maintenance team
CNA
computer network attack
CND
computer network defense
CNR
combat net radio
co
company
CO
commanding officer
COA
course of action
COCOM
combatant command (command authority)
COE
contemporary operational environment
COFM
correlation of forces and means
COS
chief of staff
COG
center of gravity
COLT
combat observation and lasing team
COMINT
communications intelligence
comm
communications
COMMZ
communications zone
COMPUSEC
computer security
COMSEC
communications security
CONOPS
concept of operations
CONPLAN
concept plan
const
construction
CONUS
continental United States
COP
common operational picture
COSC
combat and operational stress control
COSCOM
corps support command
CP
checkpoint; command post; contact point
CPSE
corps PSYOP support element
CPU
chemical protective undergarment
CPX
command post exercise
CQB
close quarters battle
CRC
component repair company
CRT
combat repair team
CS
civil support; combat support
CSA
Chief of Staff, United States Army; corps sustainment area
CSAR
combat search and rescue
CSG
corps support group
2-7
FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A________________________________________________________________
CSH
combat support hospital
C-SIGINT
counter-signal intelligence
CSR
controlled supply rate
CSS
combat service support
CSSE
combat service support element
CT
counterterrorism
CTCP
combat trains command post
CTIL
commander’s track item list
CW
chemical warfare
CWT
customer wait time
CZ
combat zone
—D—
D
dental (graphics)
D3A
decide, detect, deliver, and assess
DA
Department of the Army; direct action
DAO
division ammunition officer
DASB
division area support battalion
DC
dislocated civilian
DCA
Defense Communications Agency; defensive counterair
DCM
deputy chief of mission
DCS
Defense Communications System; defensive counterspace
DCSINT
Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence
DCSOPS
Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations
DD
double double (Bailey Bridge)
DE
directed energy
DEFCON
defense readiness condition
demo
demolitions
det
detachment
det cord
detonation cord
DEW
directed-energy warfare
DF
direction finding
DFSCOORD
deputy fire support coordinator
DGZ
desired ground zero
DIA
Defense Intelligence Agency
DID
defense in depth
DIMHRS
Defense Integrated Military Human Resource System
DISCOM
division support command
DISE
division intelligence support element
2-8
___________________________________Operational Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Country Codes
DISN
Defense Information Systems Network
DISUM
daily intelligence summary
div
division
DIVARTY
division artillery
DIVENG
division engineer
DLIC
detachment left in contact
DMG
degrees magnetic north
DMZ
demilitarized zone
DNBI casualty
disease and nonbattle injury casualty
DOA
dead on arrival; direction of attack
DOCEX
document exploitation
DOD
Department of Defense
DODIPP
Department of Defense Intelligence Production Program
DOS
day of supply; Department of State
DOTMLPF
doctrine, organization, training, materiel, leader education,
personnel, and facilities
DOW
died of wounds
DP
decision point
DPPDB
digital point positioning database
DR
direction range
DRB
division ready brigade
DS
direct support; double single (Bailey Bridge)
DSA
division support area
DSM
decision support matrix
DSO
deception staff officer
DSS
decisive, shaping, and sustaining
DST
decision support template
DSU
direct support unit
DT
double triple (Bailey Bridge)
DTED
digital terrain elevation data
DTG
date-time group
DTN
degrees true north
DTSS
digital topographic support system
DWG
deception working group
DWRIA
died of wounds received in action
DX
direct exchange
DZ
drop zone
2-9
FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A________________________________________________________________
—E—
E&E
evasion and escape
E&R
evasion and recovery
EA
electronic attack; emergency action; engagement area;
environmental assessment
EAB
echelons above brigade
EAC
echelons above corps
EAD
echelons above division
EATL
electronic attack target list
EBA
engineer battlefield assessment
ECM
electronic countermeasures
ECR
environmental conditions report
EECT
end evening civil twilight
EEFI
essential elements of friendly information
EENT
end evening nautical twilight
EF
end of radioactive fallout
eff
effective
EID
electronic identification
ELINT
electronic intelligence
ELSEC
electronics security
EMCON
emission control
EMI
electromagnetic interference
EMP
electromagnetic pulse
EN
engineer (unit designations; graphics)
ENCOM
engineer command
ENCOORD
engineer coordinator
eng
engineer
ENY
enemy (graphics)
EOB
electronic order of battle
EOD
explosive ordnance disposal
EP
electronic protection
EPAS
environmental performance assessment system
EPB
electronic preparation of the battlefield
EPW
enemy prisoner of war
equip
equipment
ERP
engineer regulating point
ES
electronic warfare support
ESB
enhanced separate brigade
2-10
___________________________________Operational Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Country Codes
ESM
electronic surveillance measures; electronic warfare support
measures
EVAC
evacuation
EW
early warning; electronic warfare
EWL
engineer work line
EZ
extraction zone
—F—
FA
field artillery
FAA
forward assembly area
FAAD
forward area air defense
FAADEZ
forward area air defense engagement zone
FAAWC
force antiair warfare commander
FAC
forward air controller
FAC-A
forward air controller-airborne
FARP
forward arming and refueling point
FASCAM
family of scatterable mines
fax
facsimile
FB
fire base
FBCB2
Force XXI battle command—brigade and below
FCC
flight coordination center
FCL
final coordination line
FDC
fire direction center
FDO
flexible deterrent option; fire direction officer
FDRP
first destination reporting point
FEBA
forward edge of the battle area
FES
forced entry switch
FEST
forward engineer support team
FEZ
fighter engagement zone
FFA
free-fire area
FFE
field force engineering; fire for effect
FFIR
friendly force information requirements
FH
field hospital
FHA
foreign humanitarian assistance
FID
foreign internal defense
FISINT
foreign instrumentation signals intelligence
FIST
fire support team
FLB
forward logistics base
fld
field
2-11
FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A________________________________________________________________
FLE
forward logistics element
FLO
fighter liaison officer
FLOT
forward line of own troops
FM
field manual; frequency modulated/modulation
FMC
full mission-capable
FMF
Fleet Marine Force
FO
forward observer
FOB
forward operating base; forward operations/operational base
FOC
flight operations center
FP
force protection
FPCON
force protection condition
FPF
final protective fire
FPL
final protective line
FPOL
forward passage of lines
F-POLE
distance between shooter and target at impact
FRAGO, FRAG
fragmentary order
order
FS
fire support
FSA
fire support area; forward support area (NGFS)
FSB
forward support battalion
FSC
fire support coordinator
FSCC
fire support coordination center (USMC)
FSCL
fire support coordination line
FSCM
fire support coordinating measure
FSCOORD
fire support coordinator
FSE
fire support element
FSO
fire support officer
FSS
fire support station (NGFS)
FSSG
force service support group (USMC)
FST
field sanitation team; field support team; forward surgical
team
FTCP
field trains command post
fwd
forward
—G—
G
guard
G-1
Assistant Chief of Staff, Personnel
G-2
Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence
G-3
Assistant Chief of Staff, Operations and Plans
2-12
___________________________________Operational Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Country Codes
G-4
Assistant Chief of Staff, Logistics
G-5
Assistant Chief of Staff, Civil Affairs
G-6
Assistant Chief of Staff, Command, Control, Communications,
and Computer Operations (C4 Ops)
GA
tabun (nerve agent)
GB
sarin (nerve agent)
GCC
Gulf Cooperation Council
GCCS
global command and control system
GCE
ground combat element
GCI
ground control intercept
GD
soman (nerve agent)
GEN
general
GEOREF
geographic reference
GI
geospatial information
GIF
graphics interchange format
GIS
geographic information system
GI&S
geospatial information and services
GLINT
gated laser intensifier
GMT
Greenwich Mean Time
GNC
global navigation chart
gp
group
GPS
global positioning system
GR/CS
guardrail/common sensor
GS
general support
GSA
general support artillery
GSM
ground station module
GSR
ground surveillance radar
GS-R
general support-reinforcing
GTL
gun-target line
GW
guerrilla warfare
GZ
ground zero
—H—
H
mustard gas
H&S
headquarters and service
HA
holding area
HACC
humanitarian assistance coordination center
HAHO
high-altitude high-opening (parachute technique)
HALO
high-altitude low-opening (parachute technique)
2-13
FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A________________________________________________________________
HARM
high-speed antiradiation missile
HAZCOM
hazard communication
HCA
humanitarian and civic assistance
HD
distilled mustard (blister agent); heavy drop
HE
high explosive
hel
helicopter
HEMMS
hand-emplaced minefield marking set
HEP
high explosive plastic
HET
heavy equipment transporter
HE WAM
high explosive wide area mine
HF
high frequency
HHB
headquarters and headquarters battery (FA and ADA)
HHC
headquarters and headquarters company
HHT
headquarters and headquarters troop (cavalry units)
HIDACZ
high-density airspace control zone
HIGH-G
high gravity
HIMAD
high-to-medium altitude missile air defense
HIMEZ
high-altitude missile engagement zone
HL
mustard-lewisite mixture (blister agent)
HLD
homeland defense
HLS
homeland security
HLZ
hot landing zone
HMMWV
high-mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicle
HN
host nation; nitrogen mustard (blister agent)
HNS
host nation support
HOB
height (depth) of burst
hos
hostile
HPRF
high pulse repetition frequency
HPT
high-payoff target
HPTL
high-payoff target list
HQ
headquarters
HQDA
Headquarters, Department of the Army
HRS
human resources support
HSS
health service support
HT
mustard T-mixture (blister agent)
HTS
high-speed antiradiation missile (HARM) targeting system
HUMINT
human intelligence
HVAA
high-value airborne assets
2-14
___________________________________Operational Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Country Codes
HVT
high-value target
HVTL
high-value target list
—I—
I&W
indications and warnings
IA
information assurance
IAT
infrastructure assessment team
IAW
in accordance with
ICAC2
integrated combat airspace command and control
ICAO
International Civil Aviation Organization
ID
identification; infantry division
IDAD
internal defense and development
IDM
improved data modem
IDP
initial delay position
IED
imitative electromagnetic deception; improvised explosive
device
IEW
intelligence and electronic warfare
IFF
identification, friend or foe
IFV
infantry fighting vehicle
IG
inspector general
IHL
intelligence handover line
IID
improvised incendiary device
IM
information management
IMINT
imagery intelligence
IN
infantry
INFOCON
information operations condition
INFOSEC
information security
INFOSYS
information systems
INS
inertial navigation system
INSCOM
United States Army Intelligence and Security Command
INTSUM
intelligence summary
IO
information operations
IOVAP
information operations vulnerability assessment program
IOVAT
information operations vulnerability assessment team
IP
initial point
IPB
intelligence preparation of the battlefield; intelligence
preparation of the battlespace
IPW
interrogation, prisoner of war
IR
information requirements; infrared, thermal
2-15
FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A________________________________________________________________
IS
information superiority
ISB
intermediate staging base
ISE
intelligence support element
ISR
intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance
ITV
in-transit visibility
IV
intravenous
—J—
JAAT
joint air attack team
JAG
Judge Advocate General
JAOC
joint air operations center
JCMOTF
joint civil-military operations task force
JCS
Joint Chiefs of Staff
JCSE
joint communications support element
JDISS
joint deployable intelligence support system
JEPES
Joint Engineer Planning and Execution System
JEZ
joint engagement zone
JFACC
joint force air component commander
JFC
joint force commander
JFLCC
joint force land component commander
JFMCC
joint force maritime component commander
JFSOCC
joint force special operations component commander
JIB
joint information bureau
JIC
joint intelligence center
JLOTS
joint logistics over-the-shore
JMC
joint movement center
JMISE
joint military intelligence support element
JOA
joint operations area
JOC
joint operations center
JOPES
Joint Operation Planning and Execution System
JP
joint publication
JPAV
joint personnel asset visibility
JPOTF
joint psychological operations task force
JRA
joint rear area
JRC
joint reception center
JRFL
joint restricted frequency list
J-SEAD
joint suppression of enemy air defenses
JSOA
joint special operations area
JSOACC
joint special operations air component commander
2-16
___________________________________Operational Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Country Codes
JSOLE
joint special operations liaison element
JSOTF
joint special operations task force
JSOW
joint stand-off weapon
JSTARS
Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System
JTAC
joint terminal attack controller
JTB
joint target board
JTF
joint task force
JTF-CND
joint task force-computer network defense
JWICS
Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System
—K—
KIA
killed in action
—L—
L
light (graphics)
LAB
logistics assault base
LADW
local air defense warning
LAN
local area network
LAPES
low-altitude parachute extraction system
LAV
light armored vehicle
LC
line of contact
LCC
land component commander
LD
line of departure
LD/LC
line of departure is line of contact
LEN
large extension node
LF
landing force
LIWA
land information warfare activity
LL
latent lethality; light line
LLTR
low-level transit route
LNO
liaison officer
LO
law and order; liaison officer; lubrication order
LOA
limit of advance
LOB
line of bearing
LOC
line of communications
LOGCAP
logistics civilian augmentation program
LOGPAC
logistics package
LOMEZ
low-altitude missile engagement zone
LOS
line of sight
LOTS
logistics over-the-shore
2-17
FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A________________________________________________________________
LOW
law of war
LP/OP
listening post/observation post
LRP
logistics release point
LRS
long-range surveillance
LRSD
long-range surveillance detachment
LRSU
long-range surveillance unit
LSD
least separation distance
LTD
laser target designator
LU
linkup
LZ
landing zone
—M—
m
mechanized (graphics)
M&S
modeling and simulation
MACCS
Marine air command and control system
MACG
Marine air control group
MACOM
major Army command
MACS
Marine air control squadron
MAG
Marine aircraft group
MAGTF
Marine air-ground task force
MAIN
primary command post (graphics)
maint
maintenance
MALS
Marine aviation logistics squadron
MANSPT
maneuver support
MarDiv
Marine division
MASINT
measurement and signature intelligence
MASS
Marine air support squadron
max
maximum
MBA
main battle area
MC
mobility corridor
MCAP
mine clearing/armor protection kit
MCB
mine clearing blade
MCC
movement control center
MCL
mission configured load
MCM
mine countermeasures
M/C-M/S
mobility/countermobility/survivability
MCOO
modified combined obstacle overlay
MCP
maintenance collection point
MCR
mine clearing roller
2-18
___________________________________Operational Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Country Codes
MCRP
Marine Corps reference publication
MCS
maneuver control system
MDIC
multidisciplinary counterintelligence
MDMP
military decisionmaking process
MDV
mine detection vehicle
MEB
Marine expeditionary brigade
mech
mechanized
med
medical
MED
manipulative electromagnetic deception
MEDEVAC
medical evacuation
MEDINT
medical intelligence
MEF
Marine expeditionary force
MEF(FWD)
Marine expeditionary force (forward)
MEP
military environmental protection; mobile electric power
met
meteorological
METL
mission essential task list
METT-TC
mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support
available, time available, civil considerations
MEU
Marine expeditionary unit
MEU(SOC)
Marine expeditionary unit (special operations capable)
MEZ
missile engagement zone
MFDF
medium frequency direction finding
MFF
military free fall
MG
machine gun; major general
MGB
medium girder bridge
MGI
military geographic information
MGRS
military grid reference system
MHE
materials handling equipment
MI
military intelligence
MIA
missing in action
MICLIC
mine clearing line charge
MIJI
meaconing, interference, jamming, and intrusion
MILSTD
military standard
min
minimum
MIST
military information support team
MIW
mine warfare
MLC
military load classification
MLRS
multiple launch rocket system
2-19
FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A________________________________________________________________
mm
millimeter
MMC
materiel management center
MMS
maneuver and mobility support
mob
mobilization
MOB
main operations base
MOBA
military operations in a built-up area
MOE
method of evaluation
MOG
maximum on ground
MOOTW
military operations other than war
MOPMS
modular pack mine system
MOPP
mission-oriented protective posture
MORT
mortar
MP
military police
MPA
maritime patrol aircraft; mission planning agent; manpower
authorization
MPAD
mobile public affairs detachment
MPC
military pay certificate
MPF
maritime prepositioning force
MPRF
medium pulse repetition frequency
MRB
multirole bridge
MRE
meal, ready to eat
MRL
multiple rocket launcher
MRR
minimum-risk route
MSB
main support battalion
MSC
major subordinate command; Military Sealift Command
MSD
minimum safe distance
MSDS
mission-specific data system
MSE
mobile subscriber equipment
MSI
multi-spectral imagery
MSL
mean sea level
MSR
main supply route
MSS
mission support site
MST
maintenance support team
mt
megaton
MTF
medical treatment facility
MTI
moving target indicator
MTT
mobile training team
MWR
morale, welfare, and recreation
2-20
___________________________________Operational Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Country Codes
—N—
NAI
named area of interest
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NAVSOF
naval special operations forces
NBI
non-battle injury
NBC
nuclear, biological, and chemical
NBCWRS
nuclear, biological, and chemical warning and reporting system
NCC
Navy Component Command
NCO
noncommissioned officer
NCS
net control station
NCTR
noncooperative target recognition
NEO
noncombatant evacuation operations
NFA
no-fire area
NFL
no-fire line
NGA
National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
NGFS
naval gunfire support
NGIC
National Ground Intelligence Center
NGLO
naval gunfire liaision officer
NGO
nongovernmental organization
NIDS
network intrusion detection system
NIPRNET
Non-Secure Internet Protocol Router Network
NIST
national intelligence support team
NLT
not later than
NM
nautical mile
NMCM
not mission capable, maintenance
NMCS
not mission capable, supply
NOK
next of kin
NOTAM
notice to airman
NOV
notice of violation
NPG
network participating group
NRT
near real time
NSFS
naval surface fire support
NSWG
naval special warfare group
NSWU
naval special warfare unit
NURC
nonunit-related cargo
NVD
night vision device
2-21
FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A________________________________________________________________
—O—
OA
objective area
OAKOC
observation and fields of fire, avenues of approach, key terrain,
obstacles, and cover and concealment
OAS
offensive air support
OB or OOB
order of battle
obj
objective
OCA
offensive counterair
OCS
offensive counterspace
ODCSOPS
Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans
ODSS
offense, defense, stability, and support
OEG
operation exposure guide
O/O
on order
OOTW
operations other than war
OP
observation post
OPCOM
operational command (NATO only)
OPCON
operational control
OPFOR
opposing force
OPLAN
operation plan
opns
operations
OPORD
operation order
OPSEC
operations security
OPTASK
operational tasking
ORA
obstacle restricted area
ORF
operational readiness float
ORP
objective rally point
OSINT
open source intelligence
OT
observer-target
—P—
PA
public affairs
PAA
position area for artillery
PAD
public affairs department
PAG
public affairs group
PAOC
public affairs operations center
PATR
populated area targeting record
PAV
personnel asset visibility
PB
panel bridge
PC
personal computer
2-22
___________________________________Operational Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Country Codes
PCA
psychological consolidation activities
PD
point of departure
PDB
psychological operations dissemination battalion
PDC
psychological operations development center
PDF
principal direction of fire
PE
peace enforcement
pers
personnel
PGIP
predicted ground impact point
PGM
precision guided munitions
PIO
public information officer
PIR
priority intelligence requirements
PIREP
pilot report
PL
phase line
PLD
probable line of deployment
PLS
palletized load system
plt
platoon
PM
preventive maintenance; project manager; provost marshal
PMCS
preventive maintenance checks and services
PME
peacetime military engagement
PO
peace operations
POD
port of debarkation
POE
port of embarkation
POG
psychological operations group
POL
petroleum, oils, and lubricants
POS/NAV
position/navigation
POTF
psychological operations task force
POW
prisoner of war
PP
passage point
PPI
plan position indicator
PRC
populace and resource control
PRF
pulse repetition frequency
PROWORD
procedure word
PSE
PSYOP support element
psn
position
PSPA
peace support psychological activities
PSYACT
psychological action
PSYOP
psychological operations
PSYWAR
psychological warfare
2-23
FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A________________________________________________________________
PTAD
planning terrain-analysis database
pub
publication
PUP
pop-up point
PVNTMED
preventive medicine
PW
prisoner of war
PWRS
prepositioned war reserve stock
PZ
pickup zone
PZCO
pickup zone control officer
—Q—
QSTAG
Quadrapartite Standardization Agreement (ABCA)
—R—
R
reinforcing
R3P
rearm, refuel, and resupply point
RAA
rear assembly area
RAAM
remote antiarmor mine
RAAMS
remote antiarmor mine system
RAD
radiation absorbed dose
radiac
radioactivity, detection, indication, and computation
RAS
rear area security
RAU
radio access unit
RB
radar beacon; ribbon bridge
RC
reserve component
RCA
riot control agent
RCERT
regional computer emergency response team
RCU
remote control unit
RD
radius of damage; rifle division
REAR
rear command post (graphics)
REBS
rapidly emplaced bridge system
recon
reconnaissance
regt
regiment
REMS
remotely employed sensor
RES
radiation exposure status
retrans
retransmission
RF
radio frequency; response force
RFA
restrictive fire area
RFI
request for information
RFID
radio frequency identification
2-24
___________________________________Operational Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Country Codes
RFL
restrictive fire line
RGR
ranger (graphics)
RI
relevant information
RIP
relief in place
RL
release line
RM
risk management
ROA
restricted operations area
ROE
rules of engagement
ROM
refuel-on-the-move
ROTA
releases other than attack (related nuclear, biological, and
chemical)
ROZ
restricted operations zone
RP
rally point; reference point; release point
RPB
regional PSYOP battalion
RPOL
rearward passage of lines
RPV
remotely piloted vehicle
RRR
rapid runway repair
RS
radiation status; religious support
RSO&I
reception, staging, onward movement, and integration
RSR
required supply rate
RSTA
reconnaissance, surveillance, and target acquisition
RTE
route
RV
radius of vulnerability
RWR
radar warning receiver
—S—
S
scatterable mines (graphics); screen
S&P
stake and platform
S&TI
scientific and technical intelligence
S-1
personnel staff officer
S-2
intelligence staff officer
S-3
operations staff officer
S-4
logistics staff officer
S-6
command, control, communications and computer operations
(C4 Ops) officer
S/A
surface to air
SA
security assistance; staging area
SAAFR
standard use Army aircraft flight route
SAB
separate armored brigade
2-25
FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A________________________________________________________________
SAR
search and rescue
SAEDA
subversion and espionage directed against the Army
SALUTE
size, activity, location, unit, time, and equipment
SAM
surface-to-air missile
SASP
special ammunition supply point
SAT
security assistance team
SATCOM
satellite communications
SCAME
source, content, audience, media, effects
SCATMINE
scatterable mine
SCG
security classification guide
SCI
sensitive compartmented information
SEAD
suppression of enemy air defenses
SEAL
sea-air-land team
SECDEF
Secretary of Defense
SED
simulative electronic deception
SEE
small emplacement excavator
SEN
small extension node
SEP
separate
SERE
survival, evasion, resistance, and escape
SF
special forces
SFC
sergeant first class; special forces command
SFOB
special forces operations/operational base
SFOD-ABC
special forces operational detachment-Alpha/Bravo/Charlie
SHAPE
Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe
SHELREP
shelling report
SHF
super-high frequency
SHORAD
short-range air defense
SHORADEZ
short-range air defense engagement zone
SIB
separate infantry brigade
SIF
selective identification feature
sig
signal
SIGINT
signals intelligence
SIGSEC
signals security
SIPRNET
SECRET Internet Protocol Router Network
SITMAP
situation map
SITREP
situation report
SJA
staff judge advocate
SO
special operations
2-26
___________________________________Operational Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Country Codes
SOA
special operations aviation
SOCCE
special operations command and control element
SOCOORD
special operations coordination element
SOF
special operations forces
SOFA
status-of-forces agreement
SOI
signal operating/operation instructions
SOLL
special operations low-level
SOP
standing operating procedure
SOSB
special operations support battalion
SOSCOM
special operations support command
SOSR
suppress, osbcure, secure, and reduce
SOSRA
suppress, obscure, secure, reduce, and assault (breaching
fundamentals)
SOT-A/B
special operations team-Alpha/Bravo
SP
self-propelled; start point; strongpoint
SPECAT
special category
SPOD
sea port of debarkation
SPOE
sea port of embarkation
SPOTREP
spot report
SPS
special psychological operations study
spt
support
sqd
squad
sqdn
squadron
SR
special reconnaissance
SRD
secret restrictive data
ST
SEAL team
STANAG
standardization agreement (NATO)
STO
special technical operations
STRIKWARN
strike warning
SUPCOM
support command
SURFREP
surf report
surveil
surveillance
svc
service
—T—
TA
target analysis; target acquisition
TAACOM
Theater Army Area Command
TAB
target acquisition battery
tac
tactical
2-27
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