FM 3-11.34 MULTISERVICE TACTICS, TECHNIQUES, AND PROCEDURES FOR INSTALLATION CBRN DEFENSE (NOVEMBER 2007) - page 5

 

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FM 3-11.34 MULTISERVICE TACTICS, TECHNIQUES, AND PROCEDURES FOR INSTALLATION CBRN DEFENSE (NOVEMBER 2007) - page 5

 

 

Aircrew Decontamination Checklist
‰ Aircrew life support personnel/equipment specialist will establish an aircrew contamination control
area (ACCA) when directed.
‰ Aircrews will remain onboard until directed to the ACCA.
‰ Maintenance personnel will wipe down the hatch area to remove any liquid contamination.
‰ Aircrew personnel will be transported in a covered vehicle with all windows opened to aid in off-
gassing.
‰ Aircrew personnel will be decontaminated in accordance with technical data/established
procedures.
‰ Wastewater will be collected and disposed of in accordance with disposal plans.
‰ Contaminated equipment items will be decontaminated and/or collected for disposal. Items
collected for disposal will be placed in sealed plastic bags.
‰ Life support/equipment specialists will return aircrews to a "ready-to-fly" status as soon as
possible.
‰ Contaminated vehicles will not be used to transport clean crew members.
‰ All crew members will be seen by a medical specialist after processing through the ACCA.
Figure I-4. Sample Aircrew Decontamination Checklist
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FM 3-11.34/MCWP 3-37.5/NTTP 3-11.23/AFTTP(I) 3-2.33
6 November 2007
Mission-Essential Loading Checklist
‰ Monitor payload for contamination.
‰ Load liquid contaminated cargo if aircraft interior is already contaminated or restricted to
operations in a contaminated area.
‰ If mission permits, decontaminate payload:
3 Weather in well ventilated, sunlit area.
3 Wash with a sodium hypochlorite solution (house hold bleach) or equivalent. Apply undiluted
with brooms, brushes, mops, or rags. Allow 5 to 15 minute contact time before rinsing.
3 Load cargo whenever mission dictates, but consider maximizing ground time for payload
decontamination to reduce risk to crew and aircraft.
‰ Monitor payload for liquid contamination.
‰ Decontaminate, seal, cover and/or containerize contaminated payload if mission permits.
‰ Monitor payload.
‰ Load payload as mission requires.
‰ Use in-flight decontamination checklist.
NOTE: Load cargo when monitoring determines no contact hazard is present.
Figure I-5. Sample Mission-Essential Loading Checklist
6 November 2007
FM 3-11.34/MCWP 3-37.5/NTTP 3-11.23/AFTTP(I) 3-2.33
J-19
Mission Support Loading Checklist
‰ Monitor payload for contamination.
‰ Decontaminate payload as mission permits:
3 Weather in well-ventilated, sunlit area.
3 Wash with a sodium hypochlorite solution (household bleach) or equivalent.
3 Apply undiluted with brooms, brushes, or mops. Allow 5- to 15-minute contact time before
rinsing.
‰ Monitor payload.
‰ Seal, cover, and/or containerize contaminated payload if mission permits.
‰ Monitor payload.
‰ Weather/wash and repalletize contaminated payload if mission permits.
‰ Redo checklist until contamination is a vapor hazard only, and then load payload.
‰ Use in-flight decontamination checklist.
NOTE: Load cargo anytime monitoring determines no contact hazard is present.
Figure I-6. Sample Mission Support Loading Checklist
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FM 3-11.34/MCWP 3-37.5/NTTP 3-11.23/AFTTP(I) 3-2.33
6 November 2007
Retrograde Loading Checklist
‰ Monitor payload for contamination.
‰ Weather and wash contaminated payload until no contamination is detected.
‰ Monitor payload.
‰ Move decontaminated payload to wind-sheltered area and monitor.
‰ If liquid contamination is found, return to Step 2.
‰ If vapor contamination is found, allow payload to off-gas and return to Step 4.
NOTEL Load cargo anytime monitoring determines no vapor or contact contamination is
present.
Figure I-7. Sample Retrograde Loading Checklist
In-Flight Decontamination Checklist
for Maximum Decontamination of Payload
‰ Purge aircraft using standard smoke and fume elimination procedures (10,000 to 13,000 feet
above mean sea level [MSL]).
‰ Stop smoke and fume elimination procedures for 45 minutes chemical concentrating time,
maintaining maximum heat setting for cargo and passengers
‰ Monitor for contamination using chemical-agent vapor detector. Operators must wear full
chemical protective equipment.
‰ Continue hourly purge/concentrating monitor cycles until no vapor contamination is detected.
‰ If no contamination is detected, personnel may remove below-the-shoulder chemical protection.
Continue to check for vapor contamination every 60 minutes.
Figure I-8. Sample In-Flight Decontamination Checklist
for Maximum Decontamination of Payload
6 November 2007
FM 3-11.34/MCWP 3-37.5/NTTP 3-11.23/AFTTP(I) 3-2.33
J-21
In-Flight Decontamination Checklist
for Minimum Contamination of Aircraft
‰ Use auxiliary ventilation procedures to minimize vapor hazards and vapor adsorption into the
aircraft.
‰ Keep the payload as cold as possible throughout the flight using the environmental systems.
‰ Mission permitting, fly at an appropriate altitude to reduce the temperature for the duration of the
flight.
Figure I-9. Sample In-Flight Decontamination Checklist
for Minimum Contamination of Aircraft
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FM 3-11.34/MCWP 3-37.5/NTTP 3-11.23/AFTTP(I) 3-2.33
6 November 2007
Appendix J
INSTALLATION CBRN DEFENSE CAPABILITY PACKAGES
1.
Tiered Approach to Installation CBRN Defense Capabilities
Installations implement a combination of manning, training, and equipping the
response force for CBRN defense on a graduated scale based on priority. This approach
is flexible enough to accommodate the needs of specific installations, while
standardizing major system elements to provide cost effective solutions. Installations
will be assigned one of three priorities - Tier 0, Tier 1, or Tier 2 - to align with
capabilities outlined in DoDI 2000.18.
2.
Tier 0 - Baseline Capability Package
a.
Tier 0 (baseline capability) establishes the foundation for installations to
maintain a standard level of preparedness. This tier applies to all installations,
including those without critical or strategic operational missions or capabilities, such as
training bases. Baseline capabilities primarily focus on training, planning, exercises,
and doctrine/policy. This includes focusing on interoperability with local and HN
responders. This tier assumes that the installation has limited emergency and
HAZMAT response, EMS, and installation law enforcement capabilities. Emergency
operations capabilities are ad hoc and not considered robust, exercised, or resourced.
b.
The baseline capabilities are the lowest level of acceptable capability for
military installations and facilities. Awareness is the lowest common level of
preparedness that installations must be capable of to establish a standard set of
capabilities among military installations and facilities, regardless of service or DoD
efforts to prioritize them. A brief description of these is provided below. Training
includes providing computer-based training products for:
CBRN awareness for the installation population.
CBRN incident response and management tailored for command staff, law
enforcement/ security personnel, firefighters, specialized CBRN responders,
and medical personnel.
c.
Baseline capabilities establish a foundation for commanders to implement in
tactical environments during operational deployments into a theater of operations.
3.
Tier 1 - Enhanced Capability Package
a.
Tier 1 (enhanced capability) focuses on providing critical missions and
increasing emergency responders’ ability to respond to and operate in CBRN
environments. This tier is not directly influenced by the existence of critical missions
but does provide basic capabilities.
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b.
The Tier 1 capability package includes Baseline capabilities augmented by
the following:
Detection equipment for detecting, identifying, and sampling CBRN
materials - to include handheld detectors and field analysis/characterization
equipment.
Emergency responder equipment. Includes HAZMAT ensembles (Levels A,
B, and C), respiratory protection equipment (self-contained breathing
apparatus and positive-pressure masks), PPE, and related support
equipment. This equipment provides alarming dosimeters for exposure
control and medical countermeasures. This equipment is for emergency
responder use only.
Mass casualty support. Includes decontamination showers and tents,
decontaminants, litters, and support equipment.
Miscellaneous HAZMAT response equipment. Includes equipment for
communications, on-scene meteorological data, HAZMAT team support, and
marking and controlling hazards.
Mass notification system, to be focused on major populated areas (e.g.,
dormitories, , industrial areas, etc.). System design and installation is
dependent on the geography and communication infrastructure resident on
each installation. Typical mass notification technologies include Giant Voice,
telephone alerting systems, tone alert radios, and network pop-ups.
Decision Support Tools (DSTs). Includes handheld computers with incident
management software for on-scene use, computers with hazard modeling and
incident management software for Emergency Operations Center use, and
other HAZMAT reference materials.
Training for Tier 1 installations, consisting of on-site and computer-based
training for all new capabilities. The parent Service or agency will coordinate
with the program on the best training approach for their installations.
4.
Tier 2 - Advanced Capability Package
a.
Tier 2 (advanced capability) provides advanced capabilities to installations.
This tier gives critical missions and installation emergency responders the greatest
latitude in responding to CBRN incidents. Tier 2 is directly influenced by the criticality
of an installation or facility and assumes that the nature of the mission requires the
mitigation or acceptance of minimal risk. Tier 2 is parallel to a technician level of
HAZMAT capability on the installation.
b.
The Tier 2 capability package includes Baseline and Tier 1 capabilities
augmented by the following:
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FM 3-11.34/MCWP 3-37.5/NTTP 3-11.23/AFTTP(I) 3-2.33
6 November 2007
Chemical detectors for TIMs and warfare agents will be placed around critical
mission areas and networked to the DSS and COLPRO systems.
Biological collection devices will be placed around critical mission areas, and
samples will be collected daily. Samples will be analyzed in accordance with DoD
and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines and in the most cost-
effective manner possible.
Critical mission facilities (up to 10,000 square feet) will be collectively protected
to ensure mission continuity.
Escape masks will be available to reduce the risk of injury to personnel working
in COLPRO.
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J-25
REFERENCES
Department of Defense
DOD 6055.06-M, DOD Fire and Emergency Services Certification Program,
23 February 2006.
DODD 2000.12, DOD Antiterrorism (AT) Program, 18 August 2003.
DOD 0-2000.12-H, DOD Antiterrorism Handbook, February 2004.
DOD 0-2000.12-P, DOD Antiterrorism Handbook, February 2004.
DODD 3025.1, Military Support to Civil Authorities (MSCA), 15 January 1993.
DODD 3025.15, Military Assistance to Civil Authorities, 18 February 1997.
DODD 3150.8, DOD Response to Radiological Accidents, 13 June 1996.
DODD 4715.1E, Environment, Safety, and Occupational Health (ESOH),
19 March 2005
DODD 5525.5, DOD Cooperation with Civilian Law Enforcement Officials,
15 January 1986.
DODD 6200.3, Emergency Health Powers on Military Installations, 12 May 2003.
DODD 6490.02E, Comprehensive Health Surveillance, 21 October 2004.
DODI 2000.16, DOD Antiterrorism (AT) Standards, 2 October 2006.
DODI 2000.18, Department of Defense Installation Chemical, Biological, Radiological,
Nuclear, and High-Yield Explosive Emergency Response Guidelines, 4 December
2002.
DODI 2000.21, Foreign Consequence Management (FCM), 10 March 2006.
DODI 3020.41, Contractor Personnel Authorized to Accompany the U.S. Armed Forces,
3 October 2005.
DODI 6055.1, DOD Safety and Occupational Health (SOH) Program,
19 August 1998.
DODI 6055.06, DOD Fire and Emergency Services (F&ES) Program, 21 December 2006.
DODI 6490.03, Deployment Health, 11 August 2006.
Joint
JP 1-02, DOD Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms, 12 April 2001.
JP 3-10, Joint Security Operations in Theater, 1 August 2006.
6 November 2007
FM 3-11.34/MCWP 3-37.5/NTTP 3-11.23/AFTTP(I) 3-2.33
References-1
JP 4-02, Health Service Support, 31 October 2006.
JP 4-05.1, Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Manpower Mobilization and
Demobilization Operations: Reserve Component (RC) Callup, 11 November 1998.
JP 4-06, Mortuary Affairs in Joint Operations, 5 June 2006.
Multiservice
FM 1-02/MCRP 5-12A, Operational Terms and Graphics, 21 September 2004.
FM 3-11.3/MCRP 3-37.2A/NTTP 3-11.25/AFTTP(I) 3-2.56, Multiservice Tactics,
Techniques, and Procedures for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear
(CBRN) Contamination Avoidance, 2 February 2006.
FM 3-11.4/MCWP 3-37.2/NTTP 3-11.27/AFTTP(I) 3-2.46, Multiservice Tactics,
Techniques, and Procedures for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Protection,
2 June 2003.
FM 3-11.5/MCWP 3-37.3/NTTP 3-11.26/AFTTP(I) 3-2.60, Multiservice Tactics,
Techniques, and Procedures for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear
Decontamination, 4 April 2006.
FM 3-11.9/MCRP 3-37.1B/NTRP 3-11.32/AFTTP(I) 3-2.55, Potential Military
Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds, 10 January 2005.
FM 3-11.14/MCRP 3-37.1A/NTTP 3-11.28/AFTTP(I) 3-2.54, Multiservice Tactics,
Techniques, and Procedures for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Vulnerability
Assessment, 28 December 2004.
FM 3-11.19/MCWP 3-37.4/NTTP 3-11.29/AFTTP (I) 3-2.44, Multiservice Tactics,
Techniques, and Procedures for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Reconnaissance,
30 July 2004.
FM 3-11.21/MCRP 3-37.2C/NTTP 3-11.24/AFTTP(I) 3-2.37, Multiservice Tactics,
Techniques, and Procedures for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Aspects of
Consequence Management, 12 December 2001.
FM 3-11.86/MCWP 3-37.1C/NTTP 3-11.31/AFTTP(I) 3-2.52, Multiservice Tactics,
Techniques, and Procedures for Biological Surveillance, 4 October 2004.
FM 4-02.283/NTRP 4-02.21/AFMAN 44-161(I)/MCRP 4-11.1B, Treatment of Nuclear
and Radiological Casualties, 20 December 2001.
FM 4-25.11/NTRP 4-02.1.1/AFMAN 44-163(I)/MCRP 3-02G, First Aid,
23 December 2002.
FM 8-284/NAVMED P-5042/AFMAN(I) 44-156/MCRP 4-11.1C, Treatment of Biological
Warfare Agent Casualties, 17 July 2000.
TM 3-4240-288-12&P/NAVFAC P-475, Operator's and Unit Maintenance Manual
Including Repair Parts and Special Tools List for Collective Protection Equipment
NBC, Simplified M20 (NSN 4240-01-166-2254), 20 August 1987.
References-2
FM 3-11.34/MCWP 3-37.5/NTTP 3-11.23/AFTTP(I) 3-2.33
6 November 2007
Army
AR 500-3, U.S. Army Continuity of Operations (COOP) Program Policy and Planning,
12 April 2006.
DA Form 12-99-R, Initial Distribution (ID) Requirements for Publications.
FM 4-02, Force Health Protection in a Global Environment, 13 February 2003.
FM 4-02.1 Combat Health Logistics, 28 September 2001.
FM 4-02.4, Medical Platoon Leader's Handbook Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures,
24 August 2001.
FM 4-02.6, The Medical Company Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures,
1 August 2002.
FM 4-02.7, Health Service Support in a Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Environment
Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures, 1 October 2002.
FM 4-02.10, Theater Hospitalization, 3 January 2005.
FM 4-02.17, Preventive Medicine Services, 28 August 2000.
FM 4-02.18, Veterinary Services Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures,
30 December 2004.
FM 4-02.24, Area Support Medical Battalion Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures,
28 August 2000.
FM 4-02.33, Control of Communicable Diseases Manual (18th Edition), 1 June 2005.
FM 4-02.51, Combat and Operational Stress Control, 6 July 2006.
FM 5-0, Army Planning and Orders Production, 20 January 2005.
FM 8-42, Combat Health Support in Stability Operations and Support Operations,
27 October 1997.
FM 8-500, Hazardous Materials Injuries: A Manual for Prehospital Care (Fourth
Edition), 17 January 1997.
FM 8-10-6, Medical Evacuation in a Theater of Operations Tactics, Techniques, and
Procedures, 14 April 2000.
FM 21-10, Field Hygiene and Sanitation, 21 June 2000.
FM 22-51, Leaders' Manual for Combat Stress Control, 29 September 1994.
TC 8-13, Deployable Medical Systems—Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures,
7 December 1990.
TM 10-5410-228-10, Operator's Manual for Chemical Biological Protective Shelter
(CBPS) System (NSN 5410-01-441-8054) (Green) (5410-01-482-4633) (Tan),
19 March 2004.
6 November 2007
FM 3-11.34/MCWP 3-37.5/NTTP 3-11.23/AFTTP(I) 3-2.33
References-3
TM 10-5410-283-14&P, Operator's, Unit, Direct Support, and General Support
Maintenance Manual (Including Repair Parts and Special Tools Lists) for
Chemically Protected Deployable Medical System (CP DEPMEDS) (NSN 5410-01-
479-9730) (5410-01-479-9727) and CPDEPMEDS Training Set (6910-01-479-2464),
30 November 2001.
Air Force
AFMAN 10-401, Volume 1, Operation Plan and Concept Plan Development and
Implementation, 19 May 2003.
AFMAN 32-4004, Emergency Response Operations, 1 December 1995.
Marine Corps
MCWP 5-1, Marine Corps Planning Process, 5 January 2000.
Navy
OPNAVINST 3440.17, Navy Installation Emergency Management Program,
22 July 2005.
OPNAVINST 5100.23G, Navy Safety and Occupational and Health (SOH) Program
Manual, 30 December 2005.
NATO Standardization Agreements (STANAG) and Publications
STANAG 2002 CBRN (Edition 10), Warning Signs for the Marking of Nuclear,
Biological and Chemical Contaminations, 28 March 2006.
STANAG 2047 CBRN (Edition 7), Emergency Alarms of Hazard or Attack (NBC and Air
Attack Only), 24 July 1998.
STANAG 2873 CBRN/MED (Edition 4), Concept of Operations of Medical Support in
Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Environments—AMedP-7(D),
06 December 2007.
STANAG 2984 CBRN (Edition 6), Graduated Levels of Chemical, Biological,
Radiological, and Nuclear Threats and Associated Protective Measures,
08 August 2007.
STANAG 4359 LAND (Edition 1). NATO Handbook for Sampling and Identification of
Chemical Warfare Agents (AEP-10). 29 January 1991.
References-4
FM 3-11.34/MCWP 3-37.5/NTTP 3-11.23/AFTTP(I) 3-2.33
6 November 2007
Other Sources
Department of Transportation, 2004 Emergency Response Guidebook, A Guidebook for
First Responders During the Initial Phase of a Dangerous Goods/Hazardous
Homeland Security Presidential Directive/HSPD-5, Management of Domestic Incidents,
Homeland Security Presidential Directive/HSPD-8, National Preparedness,
6.html).
Section 101, Title 10, United States Code, Definitions.
Section 371, Title 10, United States Code, Use of Information Collected During Military
Operations.
Section 175, Title 18, United States Code, Prohibitions With Respect to Biological
Weapons.
Section 229, Title 18, United States Code, Prohibited Activities.
Section 1385, Title 18, United States Code, Use of Army and Air Force as Posse
Comitatus.
6 November 2007
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References-5
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GLOSSARY
PART I—ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
A
AAR
after-action review
AEP
Allied Engineering Publication
AFB
Air Force base
AFMAN
Air Force manual
AFRRI
Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute
AG
adjutant general
AL
Alabama
ALARA
as low as reasonably achievable
AML
area medical laboratory
AR
Army regulation
AO
area of operations
AOI
area of interest
AOR
area of responsibility
ASR
atmosphere-supplying respirator
AT
antiterrorism
ATP
allied tactical publication
ATTN
attention
AWACS
Airborne Warning and Control System
B
BAT
Biological Augmentation Team
BDRD
Biological Defense Research Directorate
BEE
bioenvironmental engineer
BW
biological warfare
C
C
Celsius
C2
command and control
C4I
command, control, communications, computers, and
intelligence
CAM
chemical-agent monitor
CB
chemical-biological
CBPS
chemical biological protective shelter
CBR
chemical, biological, and radiological
CBRN
CBRN
CBRNE
chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high-yield
explosives
CBRNWRS
CBRN Warning and Reporting System
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Glossary-1
CCA
contamination control area
CCIR
commander’s critical information requirements
CDC
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CDF
contractors deploying with the force
CFR
Code of Federal Regulations
CG
commanding general
CHPPM
US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive
Medicine
CID
Criminal Investigation Division
CJCS
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
CM
consequence management
CMAT
Consequence Management Advisory Team
CMT
crisis management team
COA
course of action
COCOM
combatant command
COLPRO
collective protection
COMM
communications
CONEX
container express
CONPLAN
concept plan
CONOPS
concept of operations
CONUS
continental United States
COP
common operational picture
COSC
combat and operational stress control
COSR
combat and operational stress reaction
CP
counterproliferation
CPDEPMEDS
Chemically Protected Deployable Medical System
CPEMEDS
Collectively Protected Expeditionary Medical Support
CRAF
Civil Reserve Air Fleet
CST
civil support team
CW
chemical warfare
D
DA
Department of the Army
DCO
defense coordinating officer
DD
Department of Defense
DHS
Department of Homeland Security
DOD
Department of Defense
DODD
Department of Defense directive
DODI
Department of Defense instruction
DOS
Department of State
DST
decision support tool
DTRA
Defense Threat Reduction Agency
Glossary-2
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E
EMS
emergency medical services
EMT
emergency medical technician
EOC
emergency operations center
EOD
explosive ordnance disposal
EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
ERG
Emergency Response Guidebook
ESF
emergency support function
F
F
Fahrenheit
FBI
Federal Bureau of Investigation
FDPMU
Forward-Deployable Preventive Medicine Unit
FEMA
Federal Emergency Management Agency
FHP
force health protection
FL
Florida
FM
field manual (Army)
FMFM
Fleet Marine Force Manual
FOE
follow-on element
FOV
field of view
FP
force protection
FPCON
force protection condition
H
HAZMAT
hazardous materials
HEPA
high-efficiency particulate air
HHS
Health and Human Services
HN
host nation
HNS
host nation support
HQ
headquarters
HR
hour(s)
HSAS
Homeland Security Advisory System
HTH
high-test hypochlorite
HVAC
heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
HVT
high-value target
I
IAP
incident action plan
IC
incident commander
ICAM
improved chemical agent monitor
ICP
incident control point
ICS
incident command system
IDLH
immediately dangerous to life or health
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Glossary-3
IED
improvised explosive device
IIMG
Interagency Incident Management Group
IM
information management
IMS
Incident Management System
IPB
intelligence preparation of the battlespace
IPE
individual protective equipment
IRT
incident response team
J
JA
judge advocate
JAG
Judge Advocate General
JBAIDS
Joint Biological Agent Identification and Diagnostic System
JBPDS
Joint Biological Point Detection System
JF
joint force
JFC
joint force commander
JFO
joint field office
JP
joint publication
JRC
Joint Reception Center
JRO
Joint Requirement Office
JRSOI
joint reception, staging, onward movement, and integration
JSLIST
Joint Service Lightweight Integrated Suit Technology
JSTARS
Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System
JTF
joint task force
JTTP
joint tactics, techniques, and procedures
JWARN
Joint Warning and Reporting Network
K
k
kilo
kg
kilogram(s)
km
kilometer(s)
kph
kilometers per hour
L
LEA
law enforcement agency
LFA
lead federal agency
LLR
low-level radiation
LOTS
logistics over-the-shore
LOC
line of communications
LRN
Laboratory Response Network
Glossary-4
FM 3-11.34/MCWP 3-37.5/NTTP 3-11.23/AFTTP(I) 3-2.33
6 November 2007
M
m
meter(s)
m2
square meters
MAA
mutual aid agreement
MADCP
mortuary affairs decontamination collection point
MARS
Military Affiliate Radio System
MASCAL
mass casualty
MANSCEN
Maneuver Support Center
MCC
mission control center
MCCDC
Marine Corps Combat Development Command
MCHT
modular chemically hardened tent
MCPS
modular command post system
MCRP
Marine Corps reference publication
MCWP
Marine Corps Warfighting Publication
MD
Maryland
MEDLOG
medical logistics
MEDSURV
medical surveillance
MET
meteorological
mg
milligram(s)
MGPTS
modular general-purpose tent system
mi
mile(s)
MILSTRIP
Military Standard Requisitioning and Issue Procedures
MILVAN
Military van (container)
min
Minute(s)
MO
Missouri
MOA
memorandum of agreement
MOB
main operations base
MOPP
mission-oriented protective posture
MOU
memorandum of understanding
MSDS
Material Safety Data Sheet
MTF
medical treatment facility
MTTP
multiservice tactics, techniques, and procedures
N
NAAK
nerve agent antidote kit
NAERG
North America Emergency Response Guide
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
CBRN
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear
NBI
nonbattle injury
NCIS
Naval Criminal Investigative Service
NDVECC
Navy Disease Vector Ecology Control Center
NEHC
Navy Environmental Health Center
NEO
noncombatant evacuation operation
NEPMU
Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit
NFPA
National Fire Protection Association
NG
National Guard
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Glossary-5
NGO
nongovernmental organization
NIMS
National Incident Management System
NIOSH
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NMRC
Navy Medical Research Center
NRC
National Response Center
NRCC
National Response Coordination Center
NRP
National Response Plan
NWDC
Navy Warfare Development Command
NWP
Navy Warfare Publication
O
OEG
operational exposure guide
OEH
occupational and environmental health
OPCEN
operations center
OPCON
operational control
OCONUS
outside the continental United States
OPLAN
operation plan
OPNAVINST
Office of the Chief of Naval Operations Instruction
OPORD
operation order
OPR
office of primary responsibility
OPREP
operational report
OPSEC
operations security
OSC
on-scene commander
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
OSI
Office of Special Investigations
P
P
PHEO
public health emergency officer
PIR
priority intelligence requirement
PNT
positioning, navigation and timing
POC
point of contact
POD
port of debarkation
POE
port of embarkation
POL
petroleum, oil, and lubricants
POM
program objective memorandum
PPE
personal protective equipment
PPW
patient protective wrap
PVNTMED
preventive medicine
Q
QRF
quick response force
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R
RDD
radiological dispersal device
RFA
request for assistance
RI
Rhode Island
RM
risk management
ROM
restriction of movement
ROTA
release other than attack
RRCC
Regional Response Coordination Center
S
S2
battalion or brigade intelligence staff officer
SA
situational awareness
SBCCOM
United States Army Soldier and Biological Chemical
Command
SCBA
self-contained breathing apparatus
SecDef
Secretary of Defense
SIP
shelter in place
SITREP
situation report
SJA
staff judge advocate
SME
subject matter expert
SOFA
status-of-forces agreement
SOP
standard operating procedure
SPOD
seaport of debarkation
SPOE
seaport of embarkation
STANAG
standardization agreement
T
TBM
theater ballistic missile
TCN
third country national
TEMPER
tent, extendable, modular, personnel
TFA
toxic-free area
TIC
toxic industrial chemicals
TIM
toxic industrial material
TM
technical manual
TRADOC
United States Army Training and Doctrine Command
TSP
training support package
TTP
tactics, techniques, and procedures
TX
Texas
U
UAV
unmanned aircraft system
UC
Unified Command
US
United States
USA
United States Army
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Glossary-7
USACMLS
United States Army Chemical School
USAF
United States Air Force
USAMRICD
US Army Medical Research Institute for Chemical Defense
USAMRIID
United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious
Diseases
USC
United States Code
USCG
United States Coast Guard
USG
United States Government
USMC
United States Marine Corps
USN
United States Navy
UTC
unit-type code
V
VA
Virginia, vulnerability assessment
W
WG
working group
WMD
weapons of mass destruction
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PART II—TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
accidental attack An unintended attack which occurs without deliberate national
design as a direct result of a random event, such as a mechanical failure, a simple
human error, or an unauthorized action by a subordinate. (JP 1-02)
active defense The employment of limited offensive action and counterattacks to deny
a contested area or position to the enemy. (JP 1-02)
air control operations (DOD) The employment of air forces, supported by ground and
naval forces, as appropriate, to achieve military objectives in vital airspace areas. Such
operations include destruction of enemy air and surface-to-air forces, interdiction of
enemy air operations, protection of vital air lines of communications, and the
establishment of local military superiority in areas of air operations. (JP 1-02)
aircrew contamination control area (ACCA) Designated area where aircrew
personnel will be decontaminated. (AFMAN 10-2602)
antiterrorism Defensive measures used to reduce the vulnerability of individuals and
property to terrorist acts, to include limited response and containment by local military
forces. Also called AT. (JP 1-02)
area assessment The commander's prescribed collection of specific information that
commences upon employment and is a continuous operation. It confirms, corrects,
refutes, or adds to previous intelligence acquired from area studies and other sources
prior to employment. (JP 3-05)
area of influence (DOD, NATO) A geographical area wherein a commander is directly
capable of influencing operations by maneuver or fire support systems normally under
the commander's command or control. (JP 1-02)
area of interest (DOD) That area of concern to the commander, including the area of
influence, areas adjacent thereto, and extending into enemy territory to the objectives of
current or planned operations. This area also includes areas occupied by enemy forces
who could jeopardize the accomplishment of the mission. Also called AOI. (JP 1-02)
area of operations (DOD) An operational area defined by the joint force commander
for land and naval forces. Areas of operation do not typically encompass the entire
operational area of the joint force commander, but should be large enough for
component commanders to accomplish their missions and protect their forces. Also
called AO. (JP 1-02)
area of responsibility (DOD) The geographical area associated with a combatant
command within which a combatant commander has authority to plan and conduct
operations. Also called AOR. (JP 3-0)
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Glossary-9
assembly area 1. An area in which a command is assembled preparatory to further
action. 2. In a supply installation, the gross area used for collecting and combining
components into complete units, kits, or assemblies. (JP 1-02)
assessment 1. Analysis of the security, effectiveness, and potential of an existing or
planned intelligence activity. 2. Judgment of the motives, qualifications, and
characteristics of present or prospective employees or "agents." (JP 1-02)
ballistic missile Any missile which does not rely upon aerodynamic surfaces to
produce lift and consequently follows a ballistic trajectory when thrust is terminated.
base (DOD, NATO) 1. A locality from which operations are projected or supported. 2.
An area or locality containing installations which provide logistic or other support. 3.
(DOD only) Home airfield or home carrier. (JP 1-02)
biological agent A microorganism that causes disease in personnel, plants, or animals
or causes the deterioration of materiel. (JP 1-02)
biological defense The methods, plans, and procedures involved in establishing and
executing defensive measures against attacks using biological agents. (JP 1-02)
biological environment Conditions found in an area resulting from direct or
persisting effects of biological weapons. (JP 1-02)
biological weapon An item of materiel which projects, disperses, or disseminates a
biological agent including arthropod vectors. (JP 1-02)
capability The ability to execute a specified course of action. (A capability may or may
not be accompanied by an intention.) (JP 1-02)
casualty Any person who is lost to the organization by having been declared dead,
duty status - whereabouts unknown, missing, ill, or injured. (JP 1-02)
chemical agent Any toxic chemical intended for use in military operations. (JP 1-02)
CBRN defense Efforts to protect personnel on military installations and facilities from
CBRN incidents. Also called CBRN defense. (JP 1-02)
chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or high-yield explosives incidents
(DOD) An emergency resulting from the deliberate or unintentional, release of nuclear,
biological, radiological, or toxic or poisonous chemical materials, or the detonation of a
high-yield explosive. (FM 1-02)
chemical defense The methods, plans, and procedures involved in establishing and
executing defensive measures against attack utilizing chemical agents. (JP 1-02)
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chemical operation Employment of chemical agents to kill, injure, or incapacitate for
a significant period of time, man or animals, and deny or hinder the use of areas,
facilities, or materiel; or defense against such employment. (JP 1-02)
chemical survey The directed effort to determine the nature and degree of chemical
hazard in an area and to delineate the perimeter of the hazard area. (JP 1-02)
chemical warfare All aspects of military operations involving the employment of
lethal and incapacitating munitions/ agents and the warning and protective measures
associated with such offensive operations. Since riot control agents and herbicides are
not considered to be chemical warfare agents, those two items will be referred to
separately or under the broader term "chemical," which will be used to include all types
of chemical munitions/ agents collectively. Also called CW. (JP 1-02)
chemical weapon Together or separately, (a) a toxic chemical and its precursors,
except when intended for a purpose not prohibited under the Chemical Weapons
Convention; (b) a munition or device, specifically designed to cause death or other harm
through toxic properties of those chemicals specified in (a), above, which would be
released as a result of the employment of such munition or device; (c) any equipment
specifically designed for use directly in connection with the employment of munitions or
devices specified in (b), above. (JP 1-02)
civil defense All those activities and measures designed or undertaken to: a. minimize
the effects upon the civilian population caused or which would be caused by an enemy
attack on the United States; b. deal with the immediate emergency conditions that
would be created by any such attack; and c. effectuate emergency repairs to, or the
emergency restoration of, vital utilities and facilities destroyed or damaged by any such
attack. (JP 1-02)
combatant command A unified or specified command with a broad continuing mission
under a single commander established and so designated by the President, through the
Secretary of Defense and with the advice and assistance of the Chairman of the Joint
Chiefs of Staff. Combatant commands typically have geographic or functional
responsibilities. (JP 1-02)
command 1. The authority that a commander in the Armed Forces lawfully exercises
over subordinates by virtue of rank or assignment. Command includes the authority
and responsibility for effectively using available resources and for planning the
employment of, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling military forces for
the accomplishment of assigned missions. It also includes responsibility for health,
welfare, morale, and discipline of assigned personnel. 2. An order given by a
commander; that is, the will of the commander expressed for the purpose of bringing
about a particular action. 3. A unit or units, an organization, or an area under the
command of one individual. (JP 1-02)
command and control The exercise of authority and direction by a properly
designated commander over assigned and attached forces in the accomplishment of the
mission. Command and control functions are performed through an arrangement of
personnel, equipment, communications, facilities, and procedures employed by a
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Glossary-11
commander in planning, directing, coordinating, and controlling forces and operations
in the accomplishment of the mission. Also called C2. (JP 1-02)
commander's critical information requirements A comprehensive list of
information requirements identified by the commander as being critical in facilitating
timely information management and the decision making process that affect successful
mission accomplishment. The two key subcomponents are critical friendly force
information and priority intelligence requirements. Also called CCIR. (JP 1-02)
common operational picture A single identical display of relevant information
shared by more than one command. A common operational picture facilitates
collaborative planning and assists all echelons to achieve situational awareness. Also
called COP. (JP 1-02)
concept of operations A verbal or graphic statement, in broad outline, of a
commander's assumptions or intent in regard to an operation or series of operations.
The concept of operations frequently is embodied in campaign plans and operation
plans; in the latter case, particularly when the plans cover a series of connected
operations to be carried out simultaneously or in succession. The concept is designed to
give an overall picture of the operation. It is included primarily for additional clarity of
purpose. Also called CONOPS. (JP 1-02)
concept plan In the context of joint operation planning level 3 planning detail, an
operation plan in an abbreviated format that may require considerable expansion or
alteration to convert it into a complete operation plan or operation order. Also called
CONPLAN. (JP 1-02)
consequence management Actions taken to maintain or restore essential services
and manage and mitigate problems resulting from disasters and catastrophes, including
natural, manmade, or terrorist incidents. Also called CM. (JP 1-02)
contaminated payload control area (CPCA) An area in which payload
contamination control is effected.
containerize To fully encapsulate or enclose an item. A completely airtight enclosure.
All such enclosures should be clearly marked to denote the hazard according to
International Air Transport Association (IATA) regulations and Emergency Response
Guide (ERG) (latest version).
Glossary-12
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continental United States United States territory, including the adjacent territorial
waters, located within North America between Canada and Mexico. Also called CONUS.
(JP 1-02)
course of action 1. Any sequence of activities that an individual or unit may follow. 2.
A possible plan open to an individual or commander that would accomplish, or is related
to the accomplishment of the mission. 3. The scheme adopted to accomplish a job or
mission. 4. A line of conduct in an engagement. 5. A product of the Joint Operation
Planning and Execution System concept development phase. Also called COA. (JP 1-02)
critical information (DOD) Specific facts about friendly intentions, capabilities, and
activities vitally needed by adversaries for them to plan and act effectively so as to
guarantee failure or unacceptable consequences for friendly mission accomplishment.
(JP 1-02)
debarkation The unloading of troops, equipment, or supplies from a ship or aircraft.
(JP 1-02)
decontamination The process of making any person, object, or area safe by absorbing,
destroying, neutralizing, making harmless, or removing chemical or biological agents, or
by removing radioactive material clinging to or around it. (JP 1-02)
decontamination zone An area for effecting the process of making any person or
object safe by destroying, neutralizing, making harmless, or removing contamination
from payloads prior to aircraft loading.
deliberate attack A type of offensive action characterized by preplanned coordinated
employment of firepower and maneuver to close with and destroy or capture the enemy.
(JP 1-02)
Department of the Army The executive part of the Department of the Army at the
seat of government and all field headquarters, forces, Reserve Components,
installations, activities, and functions under the control or supervision of the Secretary
of the Army. Also called DA. (JP 1-02)
detection 1. In tactical operations, the perception of an object of possible military
interest but unconfirmed by recognition. 2. In surveillance, the determination and
transmission by a surveillance system that an event has occurred. 3. In arms control,
the first step in the process of ascertaining the occurrence of a violation of an arms
control agreement. 4. In chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN)
environments, the act of locating CBRN hazards by use of CBRN detectors or
monitoring and/ or survey teams. (JP 1-02)
directive 1. A military communication in which policy is established or a specific action
is ordered. 2. A plan issued with a view to putting it into effect when so directed, or in
the event that a stated contingency arises. 3. Broadly speaking, any communication
which initiates or governs action, conduct, or procedure. (JP 1-02)
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Glossary-13
embarkation The process of putting personnel and/ or vehicles and their associated
stores and equipment into ships and/ or aircraft. (JP 1-02)
emergency-essential employee A Department of Defense civilian employee whose
assigned duties and responsibilities must be accomplished following the evacuation of
non-essential personnel (including dependents) during a declared emergency or
outbreak of war. The position occupied cannot be converted to a military billet because
it requires uninterrupted performance so as to provide immediate and continuing
support for combat operations and/ or combat systems support functions. (JP 1-02)
en route care Continuation of the provision of care during movement (evacuation)
between the health service support capabilities in the continuum of care, without
clinically compromising the patient's condition. (JP 1-02)
entrance zone An area designated for entering a contaminated payload control area.
evacuation 1. The process of moving any person who is wounded, injured, or ill to and/
or between medical treatment facilities. 2. The clearance of personnel, animals, or
materiel from a given locality. 3. The controlled process of collecting, classifying, and
shipping unserviceable or abandoned materiel, US or foreign, to appropriate
reclamation, maintenance, technical intelligence, or disposal facilities. 4. The ordered or
authorized departure of noncombatants from a specific area by Department of State,
Department of Defense, or appropriate military commander. This refers to the
movement from one area to another in the same or different countries. The evacuation
is caused by unusual or emergency circumstances and applies equally to command or
non-command sponsored family members. (JP 1-02)
exercise A military maneuver or simulated wartime operation involving planning,
preparation, and execution. It is carried out for the purpose of training and evaluation.
It may be a multinational, joint, or single-Service exercise, depending on participating
organizations. (JP 1-02)
explosive ordnance All munitions containing explosives, nuclear fission or fusion
materials, and biological and chemical agents. This includes bombs and warheads;
guided and ballistic missiles; artillery, mortar, rocket, and small arms ammunition; all
mines, torpedoes, and depth charges; demolition charges; pyrotechnics; clusters and
dispensers; cartridge and propellant actuated devices; electro-explosive devices;
clandestine and improvised explosive devices; and all similar or related items or
components explosive in nature. (JP 1-02)
explosive ordnance disposal The detection, identification, on-site evaluation,
rendering safe, recovery, and final disposal of unexploded explosive ordnance. It may
also include explosive ordnance which has become hazardous by damage or
deterioration. Also called EOD. (JP 1-02)
field of view 1. In photography, the angle between two rays passing through the
perspective center (rear nodal point) of a camera lens to the two opposite sides of the
Glossary-14
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6 November 2007
format. Not to be confused with "angle of view." 2. The total solid angle available to the
gunner when looking through the gunsight. Also called FOV. (JP 1-02)
force health protection Measures to promote, improve, or conserve the mental and
physical wellbeing of Service members. These measures enable a healthy and fit force,
prevent injury and illness, and protect the force from health hazards. Also called FHP.
(JP 1-02)
force protection Actions taken to prevent or mitigate hostile actions against
Department of Defense personnel (to include family members), resources, facilities, and
critical information. Force protection does not include actions to defeat the enemy or
protect against accidents, weather, or disease. Also called FP. (JP 1-02)
force protection condition (DOD) A Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff-approved
program standardizing the Military Services' identification of and recommended
responses to terrorist threats against US personnel and facilities. This program
facilitates inter-Service coordination and support for antiterrorism activities. Also called
FPCON. There are four FPCONs above normal. a. FPCON ALPHA -- This condition
applies when there is a general threat of possible terrorist activity against personnel
and facilities, the nature and extent of which are unpredictable, and circumstances do
not justify full implementation of FPCON BRAVO measures. However, it may be
necessary to implement certain measures from higher FPCONs resulting from
intelligence received or as a deterrent. The measures in this FPCON must be capable of
being maintained indefinitely. b. FPCON BRAVO--This condition applies when an
increased and more predictable threat of terrorist activity exists. The measures in this
FPCON must be capable of being maintained for weeks without causing undue
hardship, affecting operational capability, and aggravating relations with local
authorities. c. FPCON CHARLIE--This condition applies when an incident occurs or
intelligence is received indicating some form of terrorist action against personnel and
facilities is imminent. Implementation of measures in this FPCON for more than a
short period probably will create hardship and affect the peacetime activities of the unit
and its personnel. d. FPCON DELTA--This condition applies in the immediate area
where a terrorist attack has occurred or when intelligence has been received that
terrorist action against a specific location or person is likely. Normally, this FPCON is
declared as a localized condition. (JP 1-02)
host nation (DOD) A nation that receives the forces and/or supplies of allied nations,
coalition partners, and/or NATO organizations to be located on, to operate in, or to
transit through its territory. Also called HN. (JP 1-02)
host-nation support (DOD) Civil and/or military assistance rendered by a nation to
foreign forces within its territory during peacetime, crises or emergencies, or war based
on agreements mutually concluded between nations. Also called HNS. (JP 1-02)
host-nation support agreement (DOD) Basic agreement normally concluded at
government-to-government or government-to-combatant commander level. These
agreements may include general agreements, umbrella agreements, and memoranda of
understanding. (JP 1-02)
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Glossary-15
improvised explosive device A device placed or fabricated in an improvised manner
incorporating destructive, lethal, noxious, pyrotechnic, or incendiary chemicals and
designed to destroy, incapacitate, harass, or distract. It may incorporate military stores,
but is normally devised from nonmilitary components. Also called IED. (JP 1-02)
individual protective equipment In chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear
warfare, the personal clothing and equipment required to protect an individual from
biological and chemical hazards and some nuclear effects. Also called IPE. (JP 1-02)
in-flight decontamination An accelerated vaporisation of volatile contaminants
using a forced ventilation method to reduce aircraft interior contamination through the
repeated use of smoke and fume elimination procedures.
installation (DOD) A grouping of facilities, located in the same vicinity, which support
particular functions. Installations may be elements of a base. (JP 1-02)
joint doctrine Fundamental principles that guide the employment of forces of two or
more Military Departments in coordinated action toward a common objective. It is
authoritative; as such, joint doctrine will be followed except when, in the judgment of
the commander, exceptional circumstances dictate otherwise. It will be promulgated by
or for the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, in coordination with the combatant
commands and Services. (JP 1-02)
joint force A general term applied to a force composed of significant elements,
assigned or attached, of two or more Military Departments operating under a single
joint force commander. (JP 1-02)
joint force commander A general term applied to a combatant commander,
subunified commander, or joint task force commander authorized to exercise combatant
command (command authority) or operational control over a joint force. Also called JFC.
(JP 1-02)
joint publication A publication containing joint doctrine that is prepared under the
direction and authority of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and applies to all
Armed Forces of the United States. Also called JP. See also Chairman of the Joint
Chiefs of Staff instruction; Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff manual; joint doctrine;
joint test publication. (JP 1-02)
joint rear area operations (DOD) Those operations in the joint rear area that
facilitate protection or support of the joint force.
joint rear area (DOD) A specific land area within a joint force commander's
operational area designated to facilitate protection and operation of installations and
forces supporting the joint force. Also called JRA.
joint tactics, techniques, and procedures The actions and methods that implement
joint doctrine and describe how forces will be employed in joint operations. They are
authoritative; as such, joint tactics, techniques, and procedures will be followed except
Glossary-16
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6 November 2007
when, in the judgment of the commander, exceptional circumstances dictate otherwise.
They will be promulgated by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, in coordination
with the combatant commands and Services. Also called JTTP.
joint task force A joint force that is constituted and so designated by the Secretary of
Defense, a combatant commander, a subunified commander, or an existing joint task
force commander. Also called JTF. (JP 1-02)
law enforcement agency Any of a number of agencies (outside the Department of
Defense) chartered and empowered to enforce US laws in the following jurisdictions:
The United States, a state (or political subdivision) of the United States, a territory or
possession (or political subdivision) of the United States, or within the borders of a host
nation. Also called LEA. (JP 1-02)
liquid hazard area (LHA) An area in a contaminated payload control area where
both liquid and vapor chemical warfare agents may exist.
loading zone An area for loading decontaminated payloads onto aircraft.
low level Refers to hazard levels that are not expected to produce health effects of
significant physiological impact and thus would not pose notable (operational) impact.
main operations base (DOD) In special operations, a base established by a joint force
special operations component commander or a subordinate special operations
component commander in friendly territory to provide sustained command and control,
administration, and logistical support to special operations activities in designated
areas. Also called MOB. (JP 1-02)
marshaling zone An area for assembling, holding, and organizing supplies,
equipment, and/or vehicles for onward movement.
mass casualty Any large number of casualties produced in a relatively short period of
time, usually as the result of a single incident such as a military aircraft accident,
hurricane, flood, earthquake, or armed attack that exceeds local logistic support
capabilities. Also called MASCAL. (JP 1-02)
medical surveillance The ongoing, systematic collection of health data essential to
the evaluation, planning, and implementation of public health practice, closely
integrated with timely dissemination of data as required by higher authority. Also
called MEDSURV. (JP 1-02)
military van (container) Military-owned, demountable container, conforming to US
and international standards, operated in a centrally controlled fleet for movement of
military cargo. Also called MILVAN. (JP 1-02)
mission essential payloads Payloads that must move under any circumstance (i.e.,
wounded personnel, weapon systems, munitions, or classified material).
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Glossary-17
mission support payloads Payloads that can wait until contamination control
procedures have reduced contamination to a vapor-only hazard as determined by
available detection methods.
mutual support (DOD, NATO) That support which units render each other against an
enemy, because of their assigned tasks, their position relative to each other and to the
enemy, and their inherent capabilities. (JP 1-02)
negligible risk An insignificant amount of risk for conducting military operations. A
degree of risk where personnel are reasonably safe.
nonbattle injury A person who becomes a casualty due to circumstances not directly
attributable to hostile action or terrorist activity. Also called NBI. (JP 1-02)
noncombatant evacuation operations Operations directed by the Department of
State, the Department of Defense, or other appropriate authority whereby
noncombatants are evacuated from foreign countries when their lives are endangered by
war, civil unrest, or natural disaster to safe havens or to the United States. Also called
NEOs. (JP 1-02)
on-scene commander 1. The person designated to coordinate the rescue efforts at the
rescue site. 2. Federal officer designated to direct federal crisis and consequence
management efforts at the scene of a terrorist or weapons of mass destruction incident.
Also called OSC. (JP 1-02)
operational area An overarching term encompassing more descriptive terms for
geographic areas in which military operations are conducted. Operational areas include,
but are not limited to, such descriptors as area of responsibility, theater of war, theater
of operations, joint operations area, amphibious objective area, joint special operations
area, and area of operations. Also called OA. (JP 1-02)
operational control Command authority that may be exercised by commanders at
any echelon at or below the level of combatant command. Operational control is
inherent in combatant command (command authority) and may be delegated within the
command. When forces are transferred between combatant commands, the command
relationship the gaining commander will exercise (and the losing commander will
relinquish) over these forces must be specified by the Secretary of Defense. Operational
control is the authority to perform those functions of command over subordinate forces
involving organizing and employing commands and forces, assigning tasks, designating
objectives, and giving authoritative direction necessary to accomplish the mission.
Operational control includes authoritative direction over all aspects of military
operations and joint training necessary to accomplish missions assigned to the
command. Operational control should be exercised through the commanders of
subordinate organizations. Normally this authority is exercised through subordinate
joint force commanders and Service and/ or functional component commanders.
Operational control normally provides full authority to organize commands and forces
and to employ those forces as the commander in operational control considers necessary
to accomplish assigned missions; it does not, in and of itself, include authoritative
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direction for logistics or matters of administration, discipline, internal organization, or
unit training. Also called OPCON. (JP 1-02)
operational decontamination Decontamination carried out by an individual and/or a
unit, restricted to specific parts of operationally essential equipment, materiel and/or
working areas, in order to minimize contact and transfer hazards and to sustain
operations. This may include decontamination of the individual beyond the scope of
immediate decontamination, as well as decontamination of mission-essential spares and
limited terrain decontamination. (JP 1-02)
operational environment A composite of the conditions, circumstances, and
influences that affect the employment of capabilities and bear on the decisions of the
commander. (JP 1-02)
operations center (DOD) The facility or location on an installation, base, or facility
used by the commander to command, control, and coordinate all crisis activities. Also
called OC. (JP 1-02)
operations security A process of identifying critical information and subsequently
analyzing friendly actions attendant to military operations and other activities to: a.
identify those actions that can be observed by adversary intelligence systems; b.
determine indicators that hostile intelligence systems might obtain that could be
interpreted or pieced together to derive critical information in time to be useful to
adversaries; and c. select and execute measures that eliminate or reduce to an
acceptable level the vulnerabilities of friendly actions to adversary exploitation. Also
called OPSEC. (JP 1-02)
passive defense Measures taken to reduce the probability of and to minimize the
effects of damage caused by hostile action without the intention of taking the initiative.
(JP 1-02)
port of debarkation (DOD) The geographic point at which cargo or personnel are
discharged. This may be a seaport or aerial port of debarkation; for unit requirements;
it may or may not coincide with the destination. Also called POD. (JP 1-02)
port of embarkation (DOD) The geographic point in a routing scheme from which
cargo or personnel depart. This may be a seaport or aerial port from which personnel
and equipment flow to a port of debarkation; for unit and non-unit requirements, it may
or may not coincide with the origin. Also called POE. (JP 1-02)
port security (DOD, NATO) The safeguarding of vessels, harbors, ports, waterfront
facilities, and cargo from internal threats such as destruction, loss, or injury from
sabotage or other subversive acts; accidents; thefts; or other causes of similar nature.
(JP 1-02)
port support activity (DOD) A tailorable support organization composed of
mobilization station assets that ensures the equipment of the deploying units is ready to
load. The port support activity (PSA) operates unique equipment in conjunction with
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FM 3-11.34/MCWP 3-37.5/NTTP 3-11.23/AFTTP(I) 3-2.33
Glossary-19
ship loading operations. The PSA is operationally controlled by the military port
commander or terminal transfer unit commander. Also called PSA. (JP 1-02)
pre-position To place military units, equipment, or supplies at or near the point of
planned use or at a designated location to reduce reaction time, and to ensure timely
support of a specific force during initial phases of an operation. (JP 1-02)
preventive medicine The anticipation, communication, prediction, identification,
prevention, education, risk assessment, and control of communicable diseases, illnesses
and exposure to endemic, occupational, and environmental threats. These threats
include nonbattle injuries, combat stress responses, weapons of mass destruction, and
other threats to the health and readiness of military personnel. Communicable diseases
include anthropod-, vector-, food-, waste-, and waterborne diseases. Preventative
medicine measures include field sanitation, medical surveillance, pest and vector
control, disease risk assessment, environmental and occupational health surveillance,
waste (human, hazardous, and medical) disposal, food safety inspection, and potable
water surveillance. Also called PVNTMED. (JP 1-02)
priority intelligence requirement An intelligence requirement, stated as a priority
forintelligence support, that the commander and staff need to understand the adversary
or the operational environment. Also called PIR. (JP 1-02)
reconnaissance A mission undertaken to obtain, by visual observation or other
detection methods, information about the activities and resources of an enemy or
potential enemy, or to secure data concerning the meteorological, hydrographic, or
geographic characteristics of a particular area. Also called recon. (JP 1-02)
retrograde payloads Payloads that will move only when the payload is
contamination-free as determined by local detection methods.
risk assessment The identification and assessment of hazards (first two steps of risk
management process). (JP 1-02)
risk management The process of identifying, assessing, and controlling risks arising
from operational factors and making decisions that balance risk cost with mission
benefits. Also called RM. (JP 1-02)
status-of-forces agreement An agreement that defines the legal position of a visiting
military force deployed in the territory of a friendly state. Agreements delineating the
status of visiting military forces may be bilateral or multilateral. Provisions pertaining
to the status of visiting forces may be set forth in a separate agreement, or they may
form a part of a more comprehensive agreement. These provisions describe how the
authorities of a visiting force may control members of that force and the amenability of
the force or its members to the local law or to the authority of local officials. To the
extent that agreements delineate matters affecting the relations between a military
force and civilian authorities and population, they may be considered as civil affairs
agreements. Also called SOFA.
Glossary-20
FM 3-11.34/MCWP 3-37.5/NTTP 3-11.23/AFTTP(I) 3-2.33
6 November 2007
support 1. The action of a force that aids, protects, complements, or sustains another
force in accordance with a directive requiring such action. 2. A unit that helps another
unit in battle. 3. An element of a command that assists, protects, or supplies other
forces in combat. (JP 1-02)
surveillance The systematic observation of aerospace, surface, or subsurface areas,
places, persons, or things, by visual, aural, electronic, photographic, or other means. (JP
1-02)
survey The directed effort to determine the location and the nature of a chemical,
biological, and radiological hazard in an area. (JP 1-02)
sustainment The provision of personnel, logistic, and other support required to
maintain and prolong operations or combat until successful accomplishment of the
mission. (JP 1-02)
terrorism The calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to
inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the
pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological. (JP 1-02)
thorough decontamination Decontamination carried out by a unit, with or without
external support, to reduce contamination on personnel, equipment, materiel, and/ or
working areas equal to natural background or to the lowest possible levels, to permit the
partial or total removal of individual protective equipment and to maintain operations
with minimum degradation. This may include terrain decontamination beyond the
scope of operational decontamination. (JP 1-02)
threat analysis In antiterrorism, a continual process of compiling and examining all
available information concerning potential terrorist activities by terrorist groups which
could target a facility. A threat analysis will review the factors of a terrorist group's
existence, capability, intentions, history, and targeting, as well as the security
environment within which friendly forces operate. Threat analysis is an essential step
in identifying probability of terrorist attack and results in a threat assessment. (JP 1-
02)
toxic chemical Any chemical which, through its chemical action on life processes, can
cause death, temporary incapacitation, or permanent harm to humans or animals. This
includes all such chemicals, regardless of their origin or of their method of production,
and regardless of whether they are produced in facilities, in munitions or elsewhere. (JP
1-02)
vapor hazard area (VHA) An area in a contaminated payload control area where
chemical warfare agent vapor hazards may exist.
vulnerability 1. The susceptibility of a nation or military force to any action by any
means through which its war potential or combat effectiveness may be reduced or its
will to fight diminished. 2. The characteristics of a system that cause it to suffer a
definite degradation (incapability to perform the designated mission) as a result of
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Glossary-21
having been subjected to a certain level of effects in an unnatural (manmade) hostile
environment. 3. In information operations, a weakness in information system security
design, procedures, implementation, or internal controls that could be exploited to gain
unauthorized access to information or an information system. (JP 1-02)
vulnerability assessment A Department of Defense, command, or unit-level
evaluation (assessment) to determine the vulnerability of a terrorist attack against an
installation, unit, exercise, port, ship, residence, facility, or other site. Identifies areas of
improvement to withstand, mitigate, or deter acts of violence or terrorism. Also called
VA. (JP 1-02)
weapons of mass destruction Weapons that are capable of a high order of
destruction and/ or of being used in such a manner as to destroy large numbers of
people. Weapons of mass destruction can be high explosives or nuclear, biological,
chemical, and radiological weapons, but exclude the means of transporting or propelling
the weapon where such means is a separable and divisible part of the weapon. Also
called WMD. (JP 1-02)
weathering The natural evaporation and decomposition of chemical compounds that
occurs over time. Sunlight, high temperature, wind, and moisture aid the weathering
process.
weathering zone An area located within the decontamination zone for effecting the
process of making any person or object safe by natural neutralization processes and/or
making harmless all contamination from payloads prior to aircraft loading.
Glossary-22
FM 3-11.34/MCWP 3-37.5/NTTP 3-11.23/AFTTP(I) 3-2.33
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