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VI. Chemical Fuels and Equipment
Purpose
This policy directs Boy Scouts of America members how to safely store,
handle, and use chemical fuels and equipment. Safety and environmental
awareness concerns have persuaded many campers to move away from
traditional outdoor campfires in favor of chemical-fueled equipment used for
cooking, heating, and lighting. Be aware that chemical fuels and equipment
create very different hazards than traditional wood, charcoal, and other solid
fuels; this policy defines how to address those hazards.
Before any chemical fuels or chemical-fueled equipment is used, an adult
knowledgeable about chemical fuels and equipment, including regulatory
requirements, should resolve any hazards not specifically addressed within
this policy.
Definitions
Chemical fuels—Liquid, gaseous, or gelled fuels.
Approved chemical-fueled equipment—Commercially manufactured
equipment, including stoves, grills, burners, heaters, and lanterns that are
designed to be used with chemical fuels.
Prohibited chemical-fueled equipment—Equipment that is handcrafted,
homemade, modified, or installed beyond the manufacturer’s stated design
limitations or use. Examples include alcohol-burning “can” stoves, smudge pots,
improperly installed heaters, and propane burners with their regulators removed.
Recommended chemical fuels—White gas (Coleman fuel); kerosene;
liquefied petroleum gas fuels, including propane, butane, and isobutane;
vegetable oil fuels; biodiesel fuel; and commercially prepared gelled-alcohol fuel
in original containers.
Chemical fuels not recommended—Unleaded gasoline; liquid alcohol
fuels, including isopropyl alcohol, denatured ethyl alcohol, and ethanol; and
other flammable chemicals that are not in accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions for chemical-fueled equipment.
Storing, Handling, and Using
Chemical Fuels and Equipment
An adult knowledgeable about chemical fuels and equipment should always
supervise youths involved in the storage, handling, and use of chemical fuels
and equipment.
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Operate and maintain chemical-fueled equipment according to the
manufacturer’s instructions and in facilities or areas only where and
when permitted.
Using liquid fuels for starting any type of fire—including lighting damp wood,
charcoal, and ceremonial campfires or displays—is prohibited.
No flames in tents. This includes burning any solid, liquid, gel, or gas
fuel—including tents or teepees that feature or support stoves or fires; and any
chemical-fueled equipment or catalytic heaters.
Store chemical fuels in their original containers or in containers designed
for immediate use. Securely store any spare fuel away from sources of ignition,
buildings, and tents.
During transport and storage, properly secure chemical fuel containers in an
upright, vertical position.
The online version of the Guide to Safe Scouting is updated periodically.
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VII. Activity Planning
and Risk Assessment
Policy Regarding Prohibited and
Unauthorized Activities
The Boy Scouts of America’s Charter and Bylaws, Rules and Regulations,
policies, and program guidelines help provide a safe and consistent program.
Council and unit charters as well as individual registration are conditioned upon
adherence to those requirements.
Adult volunteer leaders and units that allow youth or units to engage in
prohibited or unauthorized activities in contravention of program requirements,
and leaders who fail to take steps to stop any such activities, put youth and the
organization at risk.
Only leaders possessing the educational, emotional, and moral qualities
necessary for leadership are permitted to register and serve as Scouters. Actions
which put youth or the organization at risk call into question the suitability of a
Scouter for leadership.
If it is determined that youth were allowed to participate or engage in
unauthorized or prohibited activities, a leader’s registration and/or the unit’s
charter may be subject to adverse action, including revocation.
Approved by the National Executive Committee, February 13, 2018
Prohibited Activities
The Scouting program incorporates common activities such as swimming,
climbing, cycling, archery, and snowboarding that, depending on the details, may
include both real and perceived risks to participants. Those risks are managed by
BSA policies, procedures, and guidelines that set limits and incorporate specific
features such as safety equipment or qualified supervision. Guidance is provided
by, but not limited to, the Age-Appropriate Guidelines for Scouting Activities, Safe
Swim Defense, Safety Afloat, Climb on Safely, Belay On, and the BSA shooting
sports program. Activity components outside of BSA program guidelines are
prohibited as follows:
1.
Nonadherence to the Scouter Code of Conduct
2.
Any activity that is not aligned with the current Age-Appropriate Guidelines
for Scouting Activities (filestore.scouting.org/filestore/HealthSafety/
pdf/680-685.pdf
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3.
Aquatic activities that fail to comply with Safe Swim Defense and/or Safety
Afloat
4.
Activities related to COPE or climbing that fail to comply with Climb on
Safely and/or Belay On. This includes activities on courses that are not
constructed to comply with standards set by the Association for Challenge
Course Technology (ACCT) and/or are not inspected annually for integrity.
5.
Flying—use of hang gliders, ultralights, experimental aircraft, or
nontethered hot-air balloons, or flying in an aircraft as part of a search-and-
rescue mission (exceptions: transportation to Scouting events by commercial
airlines; flying or tethered hot-air balloon flights following completion of the
Flying Plan Checklist)
6.
Motorized vehicles used as program or activities—including all-terrain
vehicles (ATVs), off-road vehicles, motorized personal watercraft (PWC),
and motorized speed events (exceptions: council-approved ATV and
PWC programs that comply with National Camp Accreditation Program
[NCAP] standards; go-karting conducted at a commercial facility that
provides equipment and supervision of cart operation; youth completing the
Motorboating merit badge)
7.
Shooting or throwing sports outside of BSA program literature and
guidance. Examples of prohibited activities (with exceptions in italics)
include:
• Anvil shooting, flintlocks, exploding targets, and devices regulated by the
National Firearms Act
• Blow guns, boomerangs, and ballistae
• Homemade firearms and air cannons, potato cannons, and tennis ball
cannons
• Throwing of shovels, torpedoes, spikes, or stars
• Inappropriate ammunition such as pumpkins, hard slingshot ammo, and
tracers
• Cannons
• Crossbows (except at the Summit Bechtel Family National Scout Reserve)
• Reloading ammunition, and using reloaded ammunition (except at
Philmont Scout Ranch)
• Spears, including atlatls, pole spears, and spear guns (except at Philmont
Scout Ranch)
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8. Open or concealed carry or use of firearms at any Scouting activity, with the
following exceptions:
• Law enforcement officers who are required to carry firearms within their
jurisdiction
• Use as part of an official BSA shooting sports program
• Appropriate hunting in Venturing
Some activities considered by youth and leaders are not compatible with the
Scouting program. Some have unacceptable risks that have been confirmed by
serious or even fatal consequences. Others are not compatible with the Scout Oath
and Scout Law. The activities listed below are strictly prohibited as part of any
Scouting program.
The list is not comprehensive, but it serves as a definitive list of prohibited
activities and it offers a broad sense of what is not allowed as a Scouting activity.
Scouting leaders should refer to this list when deciding on activities, and they
should reflect vigorously on how any activity outside our published program would
resonate with the Scout Oath and Scout Law.
The Boy Scouts of America prohibits the following activities (with exceptions in
italics):
9.
Extreme or action sports and associated activities that involve an unusually
high degree of risk and often involve speed, height, a high level of exertion,
and specialized gear or equipment. These activities include but are not
limited to:
• Parkour
• Cliff diving or jumping
• Whitewater paddling on rapids rated Class V or above
• Tree climbing
• Free or solo climbing
• Aerobatics while snowboarding, skiing, wakeboarding, or mountain biking
• Parachuting, BASE jumping, or wingsuiting
• Parasailing or any activity in which a person is carried aloft by a parachute,
parasail, kite, flying tube, or other device
• Participation in amateur or professional rodeo events, council or district
sponsorship of rodeos, and use of mechanized bulls or similar devices
(This restriction does not apply to bicycle safety rodeos.)
• Jumping with bungee-cord devices (sometimes called shock-cord jumping)
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• Bubbleball, Knockerball®, zorbing, Battle Balls™, bubble soccer, bubble
football, and similar orb activities where participants collide or roll around
on land or water
• Flyboarding/jet-boarding
• Highlining
• XPOGO
• Trampolines and trampoline parks (exception: commercial facilities that
meet or exceed current ASTM Standard F2970-15)
10.
Use of accelerants, chemicals, or pyrotechnics to start fires or in ceremonies
(exception: solid fire starters designed and manufactured for this purpose)
11.
Using homemade or modified equipment that fails to comply with the BSA
Chemical Fuels and Equipment policy
12.
Burning any solid, liquid, gel, or gas fuel in a tent—including tents or teepees
that feature or support stoves or fires
13.
Excavations or entry into foxholes, makeshift caves, tunnels, trenches, or
ditches. Includes digging in sand dunes. (exception: snow quinzees and caves —
see Okpik, Cold-Weather Camping, No. 34040)
14.
Activities where participants strike at each other, including martial arts,
boxing, combat games, gladiator games, and reenactment activities such as
live action role-playing games (LARP) and Society for Creative Anachronism
(SCA) activities (exception: tai chi)
15.
Activities where participants shoot or throw objects at each other, such as rock-
throwing, paintball, laser or archery tag, sock fights, or dodgeball
16.
Service projects that fail to comply with federal, state, or local laws regarding
www.dol.gov/general/topic/youthlabor/hazardousjobs/.)
17.
Use of power tools by youth, including chainsaws, log splitters, wood chippers,
and power saws or mills (Youth may use age-appropriate tools following tool
manufacturers’ guidelines. See also SAFE Tool Use: filestore.scouting.org/
filestore/healthsafety/pdf/680-028.pdf)
18.
Exploration of abandoned mines
19.
Fireworks, including selling of fireworks (exception: fireworks displays by a
certified or licensed fireworks control expert)
20.
Water chugging, and eating or drinking competitions such as “chubby bunny”
or hot dog eating contests
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21. Hunting (Venturing crews may conduct hunting trips, and councils may host
special adult hunting expeditions provided that all participants have obtained
necessary permits and/or licenses from state or federal agencies and have
completed a hunter safety education course.)
22. Intramural, interscholastic, or club sport competitions or activities
Activity Planning and Risk Assessment
No organization, including the Boy Scouts of America, can anticipate every
possible activity that could be conducted as part of a unit, district, or council
event. As such, it is neither the intent nor the desire of the BSA to provide
specific guidance on subjects that are not core to the program or part of
our literature.
For those activities that support the values of the Boy Scouts of America, there
are several tools available for participants that will help them plan for a fun and
safe tour, activity, or event. Good planning and preparedness prior to executing the
activity is key to success. This guide is one of those tools. Other such resources are
the Program Hazard Analysis, safety checklists, and the PAUSE card.
As you use these tools, reflect on the words of Robert Baden-Powell: Be
Prepared … the meaning of the motto is that a Scout must prepare himself by
previous thinking out and practicing how to act on any accident or emergency so
that he is never taken by surprise.
Program Hazard Analysis
This tool is primarily used for program areas within camp properties, camps or
high-adventure bases. It covers specific risks to the program areas. This tool has a
defined way of assessing probability and severity of risks. This tool assesses risks
initially, as if there are no protective measures in place, then looks at the risks again
with protective measures. See www.scouting.org/filestore/pdf/680-009.pdf.
Safety PAUSE
The Safety PAUSE process stresses the importance of a last-minute safety check
in the field. By encouraging each youth or adult leader to pause and reflect on the
tasks at hand just before beginning, you have an opportunity to take necessary
precautions to prevent any present or potential hazards. See www.scouting.org/
filestore/pdf/680-009.pdf.
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The SAFE Checklist
Scouts and their parents expect all Boy Scouts of America activities to be
conducted safely. To ensure the safety of participants, the Boy Scouts of America
expects leaders to use the four points of SAFE when delivering the Scouting
program. See www.scouting.org/health-and-safety/safe/
Supervision: Youth are supervised by qualified and trustworthy adults who
set the example for safety. Accepting responsibility for the well-being and safety
of youth under their care.
• Ensuring that adults are adequately trained, experienced, and skilled to lead
the activity, including the ability to prevent and respond to likely problems
and potential emergencies.
• Knowing and delivering the program of the Boy Scouts of America with
integrity.
• Using qualified instructors, guides, or safety personnel as needed to provide
additional guidance.
• Maintaining engagement with participants during activities to ensure
compliance with established rules and procedures.
Assessment: Activities are assessed for risks during planning. Leaders have
reviewed applicable program guidance or standards and have verified the activity
is not prohibited. Risk avoidance or mitigation is incorporated into the activity.
• Predetermining what guidance and standards are typically applied to the
activity, including those specific to the Boy Scouts of America program.
• Planning for safe travel to and from the activity site.
• Validating the activity is age appropriate for the Boy Scouts of America
program level.
• Determining whether the unit has sufficient training, resources, and
experience to meet the identified standards, and if not, modifying the
activity accordingly.
• Developing contingency plans for changes in weather and environment and
arranging for communication with participants, parents, and emergency
services. not be maintained.
Fitness and Skill: Participants’ Annual Health and Medical Records are
reviewed, and leaders have confirmed that prerequisite fitness and skill levels
exist for participants to take part safely.
• Confirming the activity is right for the age, maturity, and physical abilities
of participants.
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• Considering as risk factors temporary or chronic health conditions of
participants.
• Validating minimum skill requirements identified during planning and
ensuring participants stay within the limits of their abilities.
• Providing training to participants with limited skills and assessing their
skills before they attempt more advanced skills.
Equipment and environment: Safe and appropriately sized equipment,
courses, camps, campsites, trails, or playing fields are used properly. Leaders
periodically check gear use and the environment for changing conditions that
could affect safety.
• Confirming participants’ clothing is appropriate for expected temperatures,
sun exposure, weather events, and terrain.
• Providing equipment that is appropriately sized for participants, is in good
repair, and is used properly.
• Ensuring personal and group safety equipment is available, properly fitted,
and used consistently and in accordance with training.
• Reviewing the activity area for suitability during planning and immediately
before use, and monitoring the area during the activity through
supervision.
• Adjusting the activity for changing conditions or ending it if safety cannot
be maintained.
The online version of the Guide to Safe Scouting is updated periodically.
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VIII. Sports and Activities
Shooting Sports
The Boy Scouts of America adheres to its longstanding policy of teaching its
youth and adult members the safe, responsible, and intelligent handling, care,
and use of firearms, air rifles, BB guns, and archery equipment in planned,
carefully managed, and supervised programs.
Except for law enforcement officers required to carry firearms within their
jurisdiction, firearms shall not be brought on camping, hiking, backpacking, or
other Scouting activities except those specifically planned for target shooting
under the supervision of a currently certified BSA national shooting sports
director or National Rifle Association firearms instructor.
All shooting sports activities held during a day camp, short-term camp, or long-
term camp will follow the current NCAP standards. All shooting sports activities
held outside of a council’s camp will follow the program as outlined in the BSA
National Shooting Sports Manual (www.scouting.org/outdoor-programs/
Shooting-Sports).
The BSA National Shooting Sports Manual includes all of the information
you will need pertaining to appropriate guns used at each level of Scouting, the
required range supervision, and training that youth need to safely participate in
the shooting sports program.
Knife and Tomahawk Throwing
These are age-appropriate activities for Scouts BSA members and Venturers
following the SAFE Checklist and following the guidelines outlined in the
BSA National Shooting Sports Manual.
Caving
Caving is a specialized activity requiring advanced planning and technical
skills. Scouting units participating in caving must follow the guidelines set forth
Cub Scouts and Webelos Scouts are encouraged to visit commercially
operated caves and lava tubes. For commercial operations, leaders should follow
the guidelines set by the operators and reference Cave Safely Cave Softly for more
information. Non-commercial “easy caves” with no access control, such as those
in parks where people of all abilities are allowed uncontrolled access, may also be
suitable for Cub Scouts and Webelos Scouts.
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Scouts BSA-age youth are generally mature enough to enter “easy wild caves,”
which means easily accessible, non-technical/non-vertical caves. A “wild cave” is
anything that is not commercially operated with a professional tour guide.
Older Scouts BSA members, Sea Scouts, and Venturers should be ready to
explore more technical wild caves.
Canyoneering
Canyoneering is a specialized activity requiring advanced planning and
technical skills. Scouting units participating in canyoneering must follow the
guidelines set forth in Canyoneering Safely (www.scouting.org/outdoor-
programs/COPE/).
The American Canyoneering Association has developed a rating system for
canyons that can be found at www.canyoneeringusa.com/intro/canyon-
ratings.
Cub Scouts may hike ACA-rated Class 1 canyons with age-appropriate
bouldering over obstacles or other steep faces without going more than a few
feet off the ground with trained adult spotters. Cub Scouts may not participate in
canyoneering activities in ACA Class 2 or higher canyons.
Webelos Scouts may hike in ACA-rated Class 1 and Class 2 canyons with age-
appropriate bouldering over obstacles or other steep faces without going more
than a few feet off the ground with trained spotters. Webelos Scouts may not
participate in canyoneering activities in ACA Class 3 or higher canyons.
Scouts BSA members may participate in canyoneering activities in ACA-rated
Class 1 and Class 2 canyons with age-appropriate bouldering obstacles and trained
spotters. They may also participate in canyoneering activities in ACA-rated Class
3 technical canyons. All bouldering moves should have appropriate spotters.
Scouts BSA members may not participate in canyoneering activities in ACA-rated
Class C canyons.
Older Scouts BSA members, Sea Scouts, and Venturers may participate in
canyoneering activities in ACA-rated Class 1 and Class 2 canyons with age-
appropriate bouldering obstacles with trained spotters. They may also participate
in canyoneering activities in ACA Class 3 and Class C canyons. All bouldering
moves should have appropriate spotters.
Participation in canyoneering activities in ACA-rated Class 4 canyons is not
allowed for any BSA units.
The online version of the Guide to Safe Scouting is updated periodically.
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Climbing and Rappelling
The requirements applicable to climbing and rappelling listed in National
Camp Accreditation Program (NCAP), apply to district and council activities.
• Climbing activities in which the participant’s feet are more than 6 feet off
the ground must be top-rope belayed.
• All rappelling activities must be properly belayed (NCAP standard PS-206).
climbing activities operated by a unit.
• BSA units conducting their own climbing activities must follow the
requirements set forth in Climb On Safely.
• Leaders who supervise unit climbing activities must have current Climb On
Safely training (available at my.scouting.org).
Cub Scouts and Webelos Scouts can do the following:
• Participate in bouldering (climbing on boulders or bouldering walls)
no higher than the climber’s shoulder height with adults (or camp staff
with adult supervision) who are trained to provide spotting for bouldering
activities.
In addition, Webelos Scouts can:
• Rappel with a trained adult belayer and backup.
In addition, Scouts BSA members can:
• Belay with supervision and a backup.
In addition, older Scouts BSA members (age 13 and older), Sea Scouts, and
Venturers may participate in lead climbing, and snow and ice climbing, sub-
ject to the following:
• All participants must be at least 13 years old.
• Qualified instructors must have training from a nationally recognized
organization that trains climbing instructors in the appropriate special
activity. Note: BSA National Camping School does not train climbing
directors and instructors in lead climbing, or snow and ice climbing.
• Lead climbing without a top-rope belay is prohibited as part of a unit,
council, or district activity.
• Units may conduct activities involving lead climbing with adult supervision
and qualified instructors.
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COPE Activities
Challenging Outdoor Personal Experience (COPE) activities are defined as
low or high challenge course activities, including but not limited to those listed
in Chapter 20: Low-Course Activities or Chapter 21: High-Course Activities in
only in conjunction with council or district activities that meet the current NCAP
standards.
Units may participate in age-appropriate initiative games. These are group
challenge activities that do not involve constructed facilities, such as Blind
Square, Couples Tag, Hoops Around the Circle, and Traffic Jam. See Chapter 3:
Warm-Ups and Initiative Games in Belay On. Units shall not construct low- or
high-course elements, including zip lines.
Individual participation is based on the judgment of the COPE director or
Level II instructor for facilities operated by districts and councils, and jointly by
the facility operator/owner and unit leader for commercial facilities. Cub Scout
units may not participate in COPE, zip line, canopy tour, or aerial adventure park
activities unless those activities are specifically designed for Cub Scout-age youth
participation, such as climbing facilities or obstacle courses. Refer to the age-
appropriate guidelines chart in the Guide to Safe Scouting.
Zip Lines, Canopy Tours, and Aerial Adventure Parks
Commercial adventure facilities are becoming more popular as activity
destinations for BSA units. There also has been an increase in incidents, some of
them serious. For this reason, special care should be taken before participating in
these activities.
Members of troops, ships, and crews may conduct unit outings involving zip
line, canopy tour, and aerial adventure park activities when such facilities are
operated according to Association for Challenge Course Technology (ACCT)
or American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) operating standards.
Unit leaders shall verify current compliance to these standards with facility
operators/owners prior to scheduling the activity. Councils with COPE or
climbing programs have access to the ACCT standards, and the local council
COPE and climbing committee can assist unit leaders in evaluating such
facilities. Councils that do not have COPE or climbing programs should contact
their COPE-and-climbing area advocate or the national COPE and Climbing
subcommittee for this information.
Unit leaders shall verify that the operators of commercial facilities will comply
with the following two BSA NCAP standards from PS-206:
8. Measures are in place to provide for the safety of everyone at the program
site, including observers. Everyone must be belayed or anchored when within
8 feet of an edge where a fall of more than 6 feet could occur.
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9. A consistent process is used by all COPE and climbing staff to ensure that
clothing, head protection, environment, connections, and knots are double-
checked in any belayed events for staff members and participants.
Use of COPE Activities and Initiative Games
in Training and Other Events
Use of low or high COPE activities in council or district training or other
programs shall comply with NCAP standards.
Many training programs, such as Wood Badge, NYLT, and unit leader
training, have adopted initiative games in their curriculum to strengthen
group experiences. This can be a valuable addition to the training curriculum
or activity when handled properly. Course and activity directors should make
certain that the following important concerns are addressed:
• Proper supervision. Participants should be properly supervised during an
activity to make sure they are following safety procedures throughout the
activity. Activity areas/facilities should be monitored or disabled when
not in use so that participants do not utilize them on their own without
proper supervision.
• Discipline. Leaders should determine that participants have sufficient
maturity and self-control to participate in the activities that are planned.
• Trained instructors. All activity instructors/leaders must be properly
trained to operate whatever initiative games they use in a safe and effective
manner. The council COPE and climbing committee is an excellent resource
to assist with obtaining proper training to operate the activities safely and
effectively.
Slacklining
As with any activity involving height and motion, there is risk involved. Before
units, districts, or councils decide to promote or host slacklining activities and
other adventure sports, they must follow the SAFE Checklist.
Staff members for these types of events are responsible for learning proper
setup, operational guidelines, and safety techniques. Equipment used for these
activities must be designed for the adventure sport industry and will be exposed
to extreme forces. Therefore, it should not be used for other purposes. Always
follow the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Fall precautions should include spotters or crash pads. Stepping off the line
safely is recommended when a participant feels they are about to fall. Trees
used for anchors should be protected from damage and be at least 8 inches in
diameter. The line should never be more than 3 feet high. Never allow more than
one participant on the line at a time. Acrobatics (any time your head is lower
than your torso) are prohibited.
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Knives
A sharp pocketknife with a can opener on it is an invaluable backcountry tool.
Keep it clean, sharp, and handy. The BSA believes choosing the right equipment
for the job at hand is the best answer to the question of what specific knife should
be used. We are aware that many councils or camps may have limits on the type
or style of knife that should be used. The BSA neither encourages nor bans fixed-
blade knives nor do we set a limit on blade length. Since its inception, the BSA
has relied heavily on an outdoor program to achieve its objectives. This program
meets more of the purposes of Scouting than any other single feature. We believe
we have a duty to instill in our members, youth and adult, the knowledge of how
to use, handle, and store legally owned knives with the highest concern for safety
and responsibility.
Remember—knives are not allowed on school premises, nor can they be taken
aboard commercial aircraft.
Parade Floats and Hayrides
The BSA’s prohibition on the transportation of passengers in the backs of
trucks or on trailers may be tempered for parade floats or hayrides, provided that
the following points are strictly followed to prevent injuries:
1. Transportation to and from the parade or hayride site is not allowed on the
truck or trailer.
2. Those persons riding, whether seated or standing, must be able to hold on to
something stationary.
3. Legs must not hang over the side.
4. Flashing lights must illuminate a vehicle used for a hayride after dark, or the
vehicle must be followed by a vehicle with flashing lights.
Unit Fundraisers
Include these safety considerations when planning a unit fundraiser:
1. Money-earning projects should be suited to the ages and abilities of
youth participants.
2. Proper adult supervision must be provided.
3. Youth must engage in money-earning projects only in neighborhoods that
are safe and familiar and should use the buddy system.
4. Leaders must train youth members to never enter the home of a stranger and
to know whom to contact in case of an emergency.
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5. Youth participants must be familiar with safe pedestrian practices and
participate during daylight hours only.
6. Compliance requirements:
a. Check local statutes regarding solicitation rules and permits.
b. A Unit Money-Earning Application must be obtained from the local
council service center.
Bicycle Safety
Follow these basic safety tips when you ride.
•
Wear a properly fitted helmet. Protect your brain; save your life! Bicycle
helmets can reduce head injuries by 85 percent, according to the National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).
•
Adjust your bicycle to fit. Make sure you can stand over the top tube of
your bicycle.
•
Assure bicycle readiness. Make sure all parts are secure and working well.
Assure that tires are fully inflated and brakes are working properly.
•
See and be seen. Wear clothing that makes you more visible, such as bright neon
or fluorescent colors. Wear reflective clothing or tape. Avoid riding at night.
•
Watch for and avoid road hazards. Stay alert at all times. Be on the lookout
for hazards, such as potholes, broken glass, gravel, puddles, leaves, animals,
or anything that could cause you to crash. If you are riding with friends and
you are in the lead, call out and point to the hazard to alert the riders
behind you.
•
Follow the rules of the road. Check and obey all local traffic laws. Always
ride on the right side of the road in the same direction as other vehicles. Go
with the flow—not against it! Yield to traffic and watch for parked cars.
Skating Safety
These safety tips emphasize prevention, and are meant to cover all BSA
skating programs.
• Always skate within your ability. If you don’t know how to skate, seek
instruction. If you haven’t skated in a while, take it slow and easy. Don’t try
to skate too fast or do complicated tricks. Know how to stop safely.
• Skate at a safe and comfortable speed. Avoid dangerous tricks.
• Watch where you skate! When skating indoors, keep in mind that others have
varying abilities of expertise. Skating into people can cause serious injury.
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•
Racing, hockey, or similar activities are to be held only in areas free of
pedestrian and vehicular traffic, and hazardous objects. No skating activity is
authorized on streets that have not been blocked off to traffic.
•
Skate on a smooth surface or terrain. A skating center is best because the
surface is well maintained. When you skate outdoors, check the surface. Any
small rock, pothole, or crack could cause you to lose your balance and fall.
Iced surfaces should be rigid and completely frozen.
•
Do not skate at night. Others can’t see you and you can’t see obstacles or
other skaters.
•
Wear full protective gear (helmets, knee and elbow pads, and wrist
protectors) when skating outdoors. The gear is optional when skating
indoors at a skating center as risk of injury is reduced when the skating
surface is smooth and well maintained, and discipline is enforced. Protect
your brain; save your life! Helmets can reduce head injuries by 85 percent,
according to the NHTSA. Visit their website at www.nhtsa.gov.
•
Wear properly fitting equipment and assure equipment readiness. Make
sure all parts are secure and working well. Before permitting equipment to
be used in a BSA activity, the supervisor should determine that all skates
and/or skateboards are well maintained and in good repair, consistent with
the manufacturer’s recommendation. Actual maintenance and repair are the
responsibility of the owner.
•
See and be seen. Wear clothing that makes you more visible, such as bright neon
or fluorescent colors. Wear reflective clothing or tape. Avoid skating at night.
•
Watch for and avoid road hazards. Stay alert at all times. Be on the
lookout for hazards, such as potholes, broken glass, gravel, puddles, leaves,
animals or anything that could cause you to crash. If you are skating with
friends and you are in the lead, call out and point to the hazard to alert the
skaters behind you.
•
Follow the rules of the road. Check and obey all local traffic laws. Yield to
traffic and watch for parked cars. NEVER “hitch a ride” on any vehicle.
The online version of the Guide to Safe Scouting is updated periodically.
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Horsemanship Activities
Horsemanship activities in Scouting include merit badge activities, arena
rides, multi-day trips (including treks and cavalcades), and Cub Scouting
familiarization rides.
Each sponsoring council should take care to design age- and activity-
appropriate procedures and guidelines for each particular equine activity.
Policies and procedures should include routine horse care, participant
guidelines, staff policies, and emergency plans.
Requirements must also be met if the horseback riding program is provided
by or at an off-site facility. The council must enter a contractual agreement as
outlined in day-camp, short-term camp, or long-term camp standards.
The online version of the Guide to Safe Scouting is updated periodically.
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IX. Insurance
Consider the possibility that an accident could occur involving your unit. Take
proper steps in advance to assess the risks and eliminate potential hazards and fully
protect yourself and others responsible for the outing. An adequate emergency
fund will cover minor emergencies.
Comprehensive General Liability Insurance
This coverage provides primary general liability coverage for registered adults
of the Boy Scouts of America who serve in a volunteer or professional capacity
concerning claims arising out of an official Scouting activity, which is defined
in the insurance policy as consistent with the values, Charter and Bylaws, Rules
and Regulations, operations manuals, and applicable literature of the Boy Scouts
of America. This coverage responds to allegations of negligent actions by third
parties that result in personal injury or property damage claims that are made
and protects Scouting units and chartered organizations on a primary basis.
The BSA general liability insurance program provides volunteers and
chartered organizations additional excess coverage for motor vehicles above
a local council’s automobile liability policy or a volunteer’s or chartered
organization’s automobile or watercraft liability policy. The owner’s motor vehicle
(automobile) or watercraft liability insurance is primary. The excess insurance,
whether the local council auto or BSA general liability, is available only while the
motor vehicle or watercraft is in the actual use of a Scouting unit and being used
during an official Scouting activity.
The insurance provided to unregistered Scouting volunteers participating in
an official Scouting activity through the general liability insurance program is
excess over any other insurance the volunteer might have to their benefit, usually
a homeowner, personal liability, motor vehicle (automobile), or watercraft policy.
The general liability policy does not provide indemnification or defense
coverage to those individuals who commit intentional and criminal acts. The Boy
Scouts of America does not have an insurance policy that provides defense for
situations involving allegations of intentional and criminal acts.
Scouting youth are not insured under the general liability policy.
Automobile Liability Insurance
Whether owned, non-owned, hired or leased, a liability insurance policy
MUST cover all vehicles. The amount of this coverage must meet or exceed
the insurance requirement of the state in which the vehicle is licensed. (It is
recommended, however, that coverage limits are at least $100,000 combined
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53
single limit.) Any vehicle carrying 10 or more passengers should have a limit
of $1 million single limits. All vehicles used in travel outside the United States
must maintain a liability insurance policy that complies with or exceeds the
requirements of that country.
Note: The use of 15-passenger vans manufactured before 2005 is prohibited.
Chartered Organizations for Scouting Units
The general liability policy provides primary liability insurance coverage for
all chartered organizations on file with the BSA for liability arising out of their
chartering a traditional Scouting unit. However, automobile and watercraft
liability coverage is provided on a secondary or excess basis above driver or
motor vehicle owner insurance and any other insurance available. All vehicles
used in Scouting activities must be covered by automobile liability insurance
with limits that meet or exceed the state’s requirements in which the vehicle
is licensed. The owner must ensure all watercraft used in Scouting for liability
exposures. The amount of coverage is determined by the size and usage of the
boat; $1 million is recommended.
Chartered organizations do not need a certificate of insurance. The chartered
organization endorsement is a part of the insurance policy contract and is
enforceable under the policy contract.
Accident and Sickness Coverage
(Optional coverage for council or units)
Accident and sickness insurance (also known as accident and health
insurance) coverage for Scouts and Scouters furnishes medical reimbursement
within the policy amounts of death, accident, or sickness. These plans and
policies are excess of all other available sources of medical insurance or other
healthcare benefits. If there is no additional primary insurance or healthcare
plan, these policies generally pay as primary coverage, subject to the plan limits
and terms.
All registered youth and seasonal staff are eligible, as well as registered leaders
and volunteer leaders.
The coverage provided has maximum limits it pays and a maximum benefit
period, usually 52 weeks from the date of the incident. The plans do not “take
care of everything.” Claims should be filed with the accident and sickness carrier
as soon as possible, along with any other source of medical insurance or other
health care benefits.
Scouts and guests who are being encouraged to become registered Scouts
and volunteers are automatically insured while in attendance at a scheduled
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activity. Other guests are not covered. Each council also will be able to elect to
cover family members of registered Scouts while these family members are in
attendance at BSA-sponsored events. This is optional coverage.
Accident and sickness plans and insurance companies have specific
procedures for processing claims. Volunteers need to check with their local
council to verify which plan/policy their council provides or is available.
Coverage for Non-Owned Boats
Used in Scouting Activities
Only general liability insurance coverage is available; no hull damage
insurance is provided.
Owners (chartered organizations or others) must carry their own liability
coverage. Boats under 26 feet and donated for Scouting activities need to have
at least $300,000 in coverage. Boats 26 feet and over should have $500,000
in coverage. Risk Management will provide certificates of insurance up to $2
million. The BSA’s coverage is excess of the liability coverage ($300,000 or
$500,000) carried by the owner.
The following are examples of watercraft/boats that need not be insured
by the chartered organization and others if they are to be used in an official
Scouting activity: canoes, kayaks, rafts, catamarans, and sailboats (under 26 feet).
However, suppose these watercraft are to be used for non-Scouting activities. In
that case, the chartered organization or others should provide liability insurance
as there is no liability coverage for chartered organizations or others for non-
Scouting activities.
Watercraft owned by local councils, chartered organizations, and others
should be licensed by the U.S. Coast Guard, and the operator should be licensed
if required.
Prohibited Activities
The Boy Scouts of America’s general liability policy provides coverage for a
bodily injury or property damage claim that is made and arises out of official
Scouting activity. The Guide to Safe Scouting contains a listing of prohibited
activities. Prohibited activities are not considered official Scouting activities.
Volunteers (registered and unregistered), units, chartered organizations,
and local councils jeopardize insurance coverage for themselves and their
organization by engaging in prohibited activities.
Please do not put yourself at risk.
The online version of the Guide to Safe Scouting is updated periodically.
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X. Transportation
Getting to and from Scouting events is a risk for all participants and can lead
to severe and even fatal accidents that impact the Scouting family. Please use the
framework below in addition to the SAFE Transportation Checklist and Pre-Trip
Inspection for all transportation to and from Scouting activities. The Scouter
Code of Conduct includes: When transporting Scouts, I will obey all laws,
comply with Youth Protection guidelines, and follow safe driving practices.
General guidelines are as follows:
1.
It is essential to have safe and responsible transportation for all Scouting
activities.
2.
When possible, use public carriers—for example, trains, buses, and
commercial airlines for group travel.
3.
Drivers are expected to follow all applicable traffic laws and not drive if
impaired or distracted—for example texting, while driving.
4.
All drivers must have a valid driver’s license that has not been suspended or
revoked, including a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) when required.
5.
Youth drivers are prohibited. Must be 18 years of age or older.
6.
Must meet Scouting’s Barriers to Abuse Supervision requirements,
including two-deep leadership and no one-on-one during transportation. See
this FAQ.
7.
Driving time is limited to a maximum of 10 hours in one 24-hour period,
regardless of drivers available. Frequent breaks are required, including rest,
food, and recreation. Do not drive when distracted or drowsy.
8.
The use of private aviation for transportation is prohibited.
9.
Motor vehicles used to transport Scouts must complete Pre-Trip
Transportation Inspection before travel. This includes correcting all
deficiencies.
10.
All occupants must wear factory-installed seatbelts. This includes the use of
appropriate car seats for youth.
11.
Transportation of passengers in a pickup or truck bed, recreational camper
or towed trailer is prohibited. See limited exception for parade and hayrides.
12.
The use of 15-passenger vans manufactured before 2005 is prohibited.
13.
All vehicles must be covered by automobile liability insurance with limits
that meet or exceed the requirements of the state in which the vehicle is
licensed. It is recommended, however, that coverage limits are at least
$100,000 combined single limit. Any vehicle designed to carry ten or more
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passengers should have limit of $1,000,000. For insurance information refer
to the Insurance section in the Guide to Safe Scouting.
14. When towing the tow vehicle driver has the knowledge, skills, and abilities to
operate the vehicle with the attached unit.
15. Except for council-run ATV programs, All Terrain Vehicles (ATV), Golf
Carts, Light Transport Vehicles (LTV’s), Utility Transport Vehicles (UTVs),
and side-by-sides are banned from program use. This prohibition includes
their use at the unit level. NCAP Standard FA-711 provides a standard by
which councils and camps may use this equipment.
The online version of the Guide to Safe Scouting is updated periodically.
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XI. Winter Activities
Winter Camping Safety
There is magic to camping in winter. It is one of the most challenging of
outdoor adventures. The Boy Scouts of America operates the National Cold-
Weather Camping Development Center at Northern Tier through the Okpik
program. Special considerations for winter camping are:
1.
Qualified Supervision. It is vital that a leader be an experienced winter
camper with strong character and common sense.
2.
Equipment. Be completely outfitted for cold weather. Equipment should be
checked to ensure good condition for the activity and proper maintenance
while in use. Youth should be adequately clothed, and blankets should be a
suitable quality and weight.
3.
Physical Fitness. Youth should be suitably fit for the activity. Periodic rests
while building snow caves and engaging in other strenuous cold-weather
activities will help prevent accidents and overheating.
4.
Buddy System. Having Youth paired aids in monitoring each other’s physical
condition and observation of surroundings and circumstances.
5.
Planning. Safe activities follow a plan that has been conscientiously
developed. In winter, plan to cover no more than 5 miles per day on
snowshoes or 10 to 12 miles on cross-country skis. Allow ample time to
make it to camp at the end of the day.
6.
Safe Area. Leaders should determine whether an area for winter camping is
well-suited and free of hazards.
7.
Weather Check. Weather conditions, potential hazards, and the appropriate
responses should be understood and anticipated. Go to my.scouting.org
for Hazardous Weather training.
8.
Burning. Never use flames in tents, teepees, or snow shelters. This includes
burning any solid, liquid, gel, or gas fuel; using features of tents or teepees
that support stoves or fires; and use of chemical-fueled equipment and
catalytic heaters.
9.
Discipline. Rules are effective only when followed. All participants should
know, understand, and respect the rules and procedures for a safe winter
camping experience. Applicable rules should be discussed prior to the outing
and reviewed for all participants when leaving for the winter campout.
The online version of the Guide to Safe Scouting is updated periodically.
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Winter Sports Safety
Beyond camping, a number of cold-weather activities present challenges
to the youth and leader, such as cross-country skiing, ice skating, sledding, ice
fishing, and snowshoeing. Essential ingredients for fun include skill training
and an awareness of the hazards unique to these activities. Snow conditions,
hazardous terrain, special clothing needs, and emergency survival are important
issues for a safe and successful experience.
Be sure your winter outdoor activities always follow these guidelines:
1.
All winter activities must be supervised by mature and conscientious
adults (at least one of whom must be age 21 or older) who understand and
knowingly accept responsibility for the well-being and safety of the youth
in their care, who are experienced and qualified in the particular skills and
equipment involved in the activity, and who are committed to compliance
with the seven points of BSA Winter Sports Safety. Direct supervision should
be maintained at all times by two or more adults when youth are in the
field. The appropriate number of supervisors will increase depending on the
number of participants, the type of activity, and environmental conditions.
2.
Winter sports activities embody intrinsic hazards that vary from sport to
sport. Participants should be aware of the potential hazards of any winter
sport before engaging in it. Leaders should emphasize preventing accidents
through adherence to safety measures and proper technique.
3.
Appropriate personal protective equipment is required for all activities.
This includes the recommended use of helmets for all participants engaged
in winter sports, such as sledding and riding other sliding devices. The
use of helmets is required for the following activities: downhill skiing,
snowboarding.
4.
Winter sports activities often place greater demands on a participant’s
cardiopulmonary system, and people with underlying medical conditions
(especially if the heart or lungs are involved) should not participate without
medical consultation and direction. For participants without underlying
medical conditions, the annual health history and physical examination by
a licensed health-care practitioner every year is sufficient. The adult leader
should be familiar with the physical circumstances of each youth participant
and make appropriate adjustments to the activity or provide protection as
warranted by individual health or physical conditions. Adults participating
in strenuous outdoor winter activity should have an annual physical
examination. It is recommended that the medical assessment be performed
by a licensed health-care practitioner knowledgeable of the sport and the
particular physical demands the activity will place on the individual.
5.
For winter sports such as skiing, snowboarding, etc., that utilize specialized
equipment, it is essential that all equipment fit and function properly.
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6. When youth are engaging in downhill activities such as sledding or
tobogganing, minimize the likelihood of collision with immobile obstacles.
Use only designated areas where rocks, tree stumps, and other potential
obstacles have been identified and marked, cleared away, shielded, or buffered
in some way.
7. All participants should know, understand, and respect the rules and
procedures for safe winter activity. The applicable rules should be presented
and learned before the outing, and all participants should review them just
before the activity begins. When youth know and understand the reasons
for the rules, they will observe them. When fairly and impartially applied,
rules do not interfere with fun. Rules for safety, plus common sense and good
judgment, keep the fun from being interrupted by tragedy.
The online version of the Guide to Safe Scouting is updated periodically.
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XII. Animal and Insect Hazards
Much of Scouting occurs in the out of doors where we are the visitors and the
animals, insects, and other creatures are at home. The following guidance will
help protect us from infections and other risks that we can encounter and that
may lead to serious illness.
Be Aware
Know what risks are possible. Mosquitos, ticks, mammals, and other creatures
can spread disease to people. The CDC has detailed information on animal and
insect/arachnid risks and what you can do to help prevent them.
Know the area you will be visiting. Is it wooded? Near a swamp? Known to
have a high population of deer, raccoons, or bats? Has it been populated with
mice and rats that may have left behind a virus or bacteria in fleas or feces? Each
environment has its own potential concerns. Learn about an area before you
leave for a campout or trek. Landowners, rangers, and other sources can be used
to learn of risks before arrival. Reminding youth to be mindful of warning signs
posted in hazardous areas is an important aspect of a safety minute on arrival.
Know that many animals and insects spread diseases that may not produce
immediate symptoms. Parents and guardians should be aware of possible
exposures before and after an event when youth are at risk. Encourage and teach
avoidance of all wild animals. This can also mean domesticated animals that are
not familiar.
Be Prepared
Know the area you will be visiting. Is it swampy or filled with dense
underbrush? For example, avoid camping around lowlands during the wet
season. Because it may not be possible to change a reserved site at a campground
or other environment, preparation and prevention are critical.
Bring repellents and netting, and set good policy around checking for ticks
and bites. Make sure repellents are used and reapplied.
Avoid places where rodents have been living. If cleaning an area or enclosure
(cabin, hut, etc.), be prepared by making sure qualified personnel and proper
personal protective equipment are used.
The online version of the Guide to Safe Scouting is updated periodically.
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CDC Animal and Insect Hazard Resources
• Tick and mosquito protection:
• Tick information:
• Wildlife information:
• Rodent information:
• Rabies information:
The online version of the Guide to Safe Scouting is updated periodically.
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XIII. Incident Reporting
Timely, clear, concise, and complete incident reports allow for an appropriate
response and an opportunity for analysis while promoting continuous
improvement of our programs.
Refer to the Incident Reporting landing page for all reporting resources.
The online version of the Guide to Safe Scouting is updated periodically.
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XIV. Exploring Program
Safety First guidelines are the program safety material for Exploring.
guidelines_final-copy_-28229.pdf
The online version of the Guide to Safe Scouting is updated periodically.
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Appendix
Age Appropriate Guidelines for Scouting
Flying Plan Checklist
Incident Reporting Tool
Near Miss Reporting Tool
SAFE Project Tool Use
SAFE Service Project Planning Checklist
SAFE Transportation Checklist/Pre-Trip Transportation Inspection
Unit Money-Earning Application
Youth Protection Membership Reporting Tool
The online version of the Guide to Safe Scouting is updated periodically.
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