ATP 3-39.10 POLICE OPERATIONS (AUGUST 2021)

Appendix C

C-16

ATP 3-39.10

24 August 2021



Special equipment.

This equipment includes lighting, breaching equipment, armor, special

munitions, and protective masks.



Identifying and coordinating response and reserve force composition.



Identifying and coordinating transportation requirements.



Coordinating medical support.



Identifying other resource requirements.



Briefing the members of the raid team on—



The objective of the raid action.



Each member’s position and responsibilities.



The number of subjects and their names, descriptions, injuries, and other available

information.



The identity and description of covert agents who may be working within the group to be

raided.



The offense of which the suspect is accused.



The reputation, background, characteristics, and mental state of the suspect.



The hostages or other bystanders involved and their descriptions.



The location of the suspects (apartment number, floor, room number, window).



The name and description of the subject and if the subject is armed (if so, the type of weapons

and the amount of ammunition the subject has, if known).



The physical layout of the operation, including sewers, skylights, adjacent buildings, and type

of construction (wood, brick).



The identity of support forces.



Reviewing police intelligence files.



Analyzing videos or photographs and attempting to identify visitors to the target location.



Coordinating with law enforcement and intelligence-gathering agencies (local, multinational, HN,

and joint forces).



Debriefing the reconnaissance team and reviewing the size, activity, location, unit, time, and

equipment report.



Deciding if the operation will be a daytime or nighttime raid.



Deciding if the operation will include a ruse or diversion.



Determining if entry will be dynamic or covert.



Coordinating with units and agencies that will be affected by the raid or that can assist.



Publishing the operation order.

C-57.

The following factors are common to a successful raid:



Surprise.

Personnel should plan to conduct a raid at a time fitting of the circumstances and when

few uninvolved people are present.



Speed.

Personnel should plan to conduct raids with speed and precision, ensuring that participants

understand their specific assignments.

CAUTION

Speed must not be gained at the expense of safety.



Simplicity.

Personnel must ensure that instructions are clearly stated and easy to carry out.



Superiority.

Personnel must know and exceed the capabilities of the suspect in manpower and

firepower.



Safety.

Personnel must ensure that the raiding party is thorough, cautious, and safety-conscious.

Trained and experienced personnel should be used to conduct the raid.

Special Response Considerations

24 August 2021

ATP 3-39.10

C-17

EHEARSALS

C-58.

It is strongly recommended that the raid force rehearse their entry and sweep of the residence in a

mock-up mission that closely resembles the target. The degree of detail and the location of the rehearsal

depends on mission variables. The rehearsal should be conducted in the same light conditions as the planned

raid. An analysis of the target photographs can help provide the necessary information to select a proper

rehearsal location. Obtaining crucial interior information may be more difficult.
C-59.

Each team member must fully understand their specific job. Cross-training missions are crucial so that

all team members can continue the raid if a team member is incapacitated. Support personnel must train and

rehearse their roles and attend all operational briefings. Specific tasks to train and rehearse include—



Movement techniques.



Breaching techniques.



Threat and occupant control procedures.



Outer security, building isolation, and escape blocking procedures.



Communications procedures.



Apprehension procedures.



Evidence collection and preservation procedures.



Emergency medical evacuation procedures.



Follow-on missions.

XECUTION

C-60.

This section describes typical execution procedures for conducting a law enforcement raid to

apprehend subjects, obtain evidence of illegal activity and maintain its evidentiary value, recover personal or

U.S. government property, prevent the commission of a crime, and confiscate contraband.
C-61.

Members of the raid team must—



Ensure that members of the raid team comply with the limitations imposed by the search

authorization. Search only those locations described in the authorization and search only in areas

where it is likely that objects of the search will be found.



Exercise plain-view doctrine regarding evidence collection.



Ensure that items seized during the raid are clearly marked with the initials of the person making

the seizure and the military date and time.



Ensure that a DA Form 4137 is prepared for evidence and that the chain of custody is maintained.



Ensure that female subjects are searched and attended by female members of the raiding party.



Ensure that minimum force is used and that juveniles involved in the incident are processed

separately from adult subjects. Ensure that juveniles are supervised and out of public view during

detention. Keep juveniles separated from adult subjects until they are released to their parents or

custodians or are transferred to juvenile facilities.

STRESS RELATED TO CRITICAL INCIDENTS

C-62.

The USAMPS training division developed a Critical Incident Peer Support Course to assist military

police in preparing and understanding critical incident stress, posttraumatic stress trauma, and cumulative or

chronic stress before being exposed to a traumatic incident. The course is a peer-based program that prepares

military police and USACIDC SAs for responses to catastrophic incidents (loss of lives, serious injuries,

traffic fatalities, children’s deaths, suicides). These instances may be associated with combat and contingency

operations or law enforcement response activities.
C-63.

The Critical Incident Peer Support Course is designed to assist military police Soldiers and leaders in

identifying stress-related concerns and equipping them to provide peer support. This can lead to follow-up

consultations with medical professionals to help fill a void created by the shortage of psychologists,

counselors, and combat stress teams. The course is not designed to replace the functions of behavioral health

personnel or a chaplain; it is designed to support the process.

Appendix C

C-18

ATP 3-39.10

24 August 2021

C-64.

Critical incident stress has the potential to create an overwhelming emotional reaction in individuals.

These individuals may be unable to function during or following the incident or are unable to cope

psychologically with the event.
C-65.

The following primary conditions determine a Soldier’s reaction to a critical incident:



The event is sudden and unexpected.



The event represents a significant threat.



The event can include an element of loss.



A Soldier’s values or beliefs are challenged.

C-66.

The definition of a critical incident must remain fluid; situations that have an effect on one Soldier may

not have the same effect on another. Reactions are normal, healthy responses to abnormal situations. Signs

and symptoms of critical incident stress may be experienced in a cognitive, behavioral, emotional, spiritual,

or physical manner.
C-67.

The following are examples of critical incident stress symptoms:



Cognitive

—includes diminished concentration, loss of the meaning of life, preoccupation with

trauma, apathy, hypoalertness, hyperalertness, and self-doubt.



Behavioral

—includes sleep disturbances, appetite disturbances, crying, decreased ability to

speak, increased smoking, and increased drinking and aggressiveness.



Emotional

—includes oversensitive and overemotional behavior, mood swings, worry, loss of

self-confidence, and increased cynicism and negativism.



Spiritual

—includes doubts in value systems or religious beliefs, declined investments in others,

disillusionment, loss of purpose or hope, loss of trust, or placing blame on God.



Physical

—includes exhibiting changes in sleep patterns and nightmares; becoming easily startled;

and suffering from headaches, migraines, muscle tics, trembles or twitches, restlessness,

hyperactivity, or increased perspiration.

C-68.

Understanding the dynamics of critical incident stress, posttraumatic stress trauma, and cumulative or

chronic stress and how the disorders occur can aid military police and USACIDC Soldiers in seeking

immediate help for themselves, their peers, and their subordinates. This help begins with talking to their

peers.
C-69.

Following mission incidents, unit leaders should ensure that exposed individuals or elements receive

one-on-one intervention or critical incident debriefings within the first 8 to 24 hours. These debriefings

should be included in SOPs and enforced by unit leadership. Critical incident stress, posttraumatic stress

trauma, and cumulative or chronic stress can affect anyone, regardless of age or position. All personnel,

including unit leaders who are involved in a critical incident, should be required to participate.

LAW ENFORCMENT RESPONSE TO UNMANNED AERIAL

SYSTEMS

C-70.

The following are law enforcement responses to drones:



Direct attention outward and upward to attempt to locate individuals who are holding a controller

or device that appears to be operating an unmanned aerial system.



Report the incident immediately to the appropriate authorities.



Observe the unmanned aerial system and maintain visibility of the device; look for damages or

injured individuals—battery life is typically 20 to 30 minutes. In the event the unmanned aerial

system contained a chemical agent or device that could detonate, the area should be searched for

signs of injury or a device dropped remotely from the unmanned aerial system.



Notice features such as the type of device, size, shape, color, payload, video-camera equipment,

and activity.



Execute appropriate police action. At a minimum, stop, identify, and interview the operator. If

needed, request or take photos. If the device is deemed suspicious, follow suspicious activity

reporting procedures. Based on the facts and circumstances of the incident, an apprehension can

be made if appropriate. If the operator is apprehended, confiscate the device as evidence.

24 August 2021

ATP 3-39.10

D-1

Appendix D

Law Enforcement Patrol and Manpower Requirements

When conducting police operations, military police and PM staffs must analyze their

AO, considering many factors to determine requirements for conducting police

operations. In some environments, staffs may have a large amount of historical data

that can be used to determine law enforcement patrol and manpower requirements.

Some environments may be such that little to no historical data relevant to crime and

police operations is available for staff planning.

Staff planning for crime and police

operations must consider this factor if establishing in a new AO

The relative amount of data

available is a primary factor in determining what methods are used to determine law

enforcement patrol and manpower requirements. This appendix provides methods for

calculating law enforcement patrol and manpower requirements. The methods

provided can be accomplished manually or by incorporating the formulas into most

spreadsheet or database programs.

PATROL ALLOCATION PLANNING

D-1.

There are numerous computer-based software applications that can be used to aid law enforcement

agencies in determining the appropriate allocation of law enforcement assets within a given AO or

jurisdiction. GIS software can be extremely useful to the military police or PM staff to overlay crime or

incident data on a digital map of the AO. The software can also allow a wide range of other applicable data

to be overlaid, including demographic data, industrial hazard areas, sensitive assets, key traffic routes and

congestion points, and existing patrol and police station operational boundaries. Commercial software

applications can be purchased that employ algorithms to historical police data, resulting in statistical outputs

that include peak activity times, law enforcement patrol workload and activity, response times, and response

delay factors. These programs can also provide recommendations regarding law enforcement asset allocation.

Note.

The information contained in this appendix does not relieve planners of the requirement to

perform detailed mission analysis to identify the law enforcement patrol and manpower

requirements required for military police to accomplish the mission.

ISTORICAL

EQUIREMENTS

D-2.

The following method for determining patrol and manpower requirements was developed by the staff

at USAMPS. It is a simplified method for determining law enforcement patrol allocation requirements that

can be done by hand or input into basic spreadsheet or database software. It can also be used in coordination

with other database and GIS applications used by PM or military police staffs. It is relatively straightforward

and can be manipulated by the staff to fit the specific operational environment. This method requires at least

a year of historical data for the AO considered.

Appendix D

D-2

ATP 3-39.10

24 August 2021

D-3.

The following planning factors and variables typically affect law enforcement patrol requirements

unique to each law enforcement organization and the AO. Planners should consider—



The AO covered by law enforcement elements.



The patrol employment related to time (shift configuration).



The number of hours that patrol is required.



The base patrol requirements, using variables that are specific to the AO and the organization and

that are based on historical data.



The number of hours that personnel are available for patrol duties.



The configurations of individual law enforcement patrols.



The AO crime rates.



The average number of calls for service by AO, day of the week, and time of day.



Known criminal threats/activity in the AO.



Threat and vulnerability assessments.

D-4.

Before patrol and manpower requirements can be calculated, the AO in which police operations will

be conducted must be identified. In many cases, the AO is defined as the base, base camp, or

forward-deployed base of operation where police operations are required. In some cases (such as support of

civil control efforts or support to HN police), the AO may be a subset of a larger area (such as the area

covered by a single police station within a larger police jurisdiction). Chapter 2 outlined staff considerations

for determining patrol areas that are relevant to identifying boundaries for AO as subsets of larger coverage

areas.

MPLOYMENT

ONFIGURATION AND

ATROL

OURS

D-5.

Once the AO is identified, the staff and military police commander or PM must determine what shift

configuration will be employed. Police operations are, by nature, required to be conducted 24 hours per day,

7 days per week. The law enforcement organization must determine what shift configuration is to be

implemented (per 24-hour period) and what times during the day that each shift will be on duty. There are

many options for shift configurations, including—



Two 12-hour shifts.



Three 8-hour shifts.



Three 8-hour shifts, plus one overlap shift (four total shifts per 24 hours).

D-6.

When the shift configuration is established, the military police or PM staff can calculate the total

number of hours for each shift per year. This can be calculated by multiplying the number of hours per shift

times the number of days per year. For example, for an 8-hour shift—

365 × 8 = 2,920

𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

ℎ𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜

𝑦𝑦𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜

where—
365 = days per year
8

= hours per shift

Law Enforcement Patrol and Manpower Requirements

24 August 2021

ATP 3-39.10

D-3

Base Patrol Requirement

D-7.

The military police or PM staff must calculate the base patrol requirement based on historical data.

The base patrol requirement is the number of law enforcement patrol elements required per shift. The patrol

is a singular law enforcement element that can respond or react to an incident; this does not necessarily equate

directly to personnel. The base patrol requirement can be calculated by using workload related variables, to

include the—



Number of incidents in the target area.

This refers to the number of calls for service or other

incidents requiring a law enforcement patrol to be dispatched to the scene. This variable is based

on the historical average for the shift being analyzed. Care must be taken to ensure that data is

only counted for locations within the designated AO for the shift in question. The data should

depict the type of incident or offense, the time and day of the incident or offense (or time of report),

and the exact location of the incident or offense. This allows staff and police intelligence analysts

to accurately map the data within the target area. Data for at least 1 year should be used; a longer

period will provide greater statistical validity.



Average time required per call.

The average duration from the time of dispatch to the time the

law enforcement patrol departs the scene should be computed. Data for at least 1 year should be

used; a longer period will provide greater statistical validity.



Buffer time factor.

The buffer time refers to the average time spent on activities per shift, making

patrols unavailable for dispatch to incoming calls for service or incidents. These activities can

include officer-initiated contacts (a traffic stop or response to an observed suspicious activity,

inspection, public service or police engagement activity). For example, if the average law

enforcement patrol spends an equal amount of duty time on buffer time activities compared to

responses to calls or incidents, the buffer time factor would be 2. If law enforcement patrols spend

half the amount of duty time on buffer time activities compared to responses to calls or incidents,

the buffer time factor would be 1.5. The buffer time will typically be larger for law enforcement

elements that are conducting community policing or other patrol strategies that require a higher

degree of direct police engagement by law enforcement patrol elements and the community.

D-8.

The base patrol requirement for a shift can be calculated by multiplying the number of incidents in the

target area times the average time required per call for a service or incident, multiplying the result times the

buffer time factor, and then dividing that result by the number of hours required per year to obtain the base

patrol requirement per shift. For example—

9,125 × 0.75 × 2 = 13,687.5,

𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟

𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝

𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

13,688

𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

ℎ𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜

(

𝑏𝑏𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝

𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡

)

where—

9,125 = average number of incidents or patrol requirements per year for a given shift

0.75=average time (hours) required per call

2=buffer time factor (hours)

13,688 ÷ 2,920 = 4.69

𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟

𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝

𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜

where—

13,688=patrol hours

2,920=hours per shift

D-9.

Five patrols (according to the equation above) is the minimum number of base patrols required per

shift. The requirements for different shifts will be different based on call volume, traffic patterns, and other

factors. For example, shifts spanning the evening and early morning hours historically have a much higher

call volume than other shifts. In these cases, the requirements for each shift should be calculated separately.

Appendix D

D-4

ATP 3-39.10

24 August 2021

D-10.

These calculations do not include supervisory patrol requirements. To calculate supervisory patrol

requirements, multiply the span of control ratio times the minimum base patrol requirement for each shift.

See the following examples:

Example 1

If the desired span of control is one supervisory patrol for every (1:5)–

5 ÷ 5 = 1 (minimum) supervisory patrol per shift

where–
5 = base patrol requirements
5 = desired span of control for one supervisory patrol

Example 2

If the base patrol requirement is eight and the desired span of control is one

supervisory patrol for every three base patrols—

8 ÷ 3 = 2.7 rounded up to 3 (minimum) supervisory patrols

where—

= base control requirements

= desired span of control for one supervisory patrol

Personnel Availability

D-11.

The staff must also determine an estimate of available time for law enforcement personnel by

identifying variables that reduce personnel availability. (See table D-1.) Variables may be added or removed

from the list based on the characteristics of the individual organization and mission. Variables may include—



Vacation or leave.



Days off.



Time off for medical reasons.



Training.



Case or report preparation.



Court appearance.



Counseling time.

Law Enforcement Patrol and Manpower Requirements

24 August 2021

ATP 3-39.10

D-5

Table D-1. Planning factors to determine time unavailable for patrol duties

Planning Variable

Planning Factor

Constant

Hours

Vacation or leave

14 days
(average days of vacation or

leave per Army law

enforcement personnel)

8 hours per day

112

Days off

104 days
(based on 5 days on, 2 days off)

(52 weeks per year x 2 days off

per week)

8 hours per day

832

Time off for medical

reasons

7 days
(average days off per person for

medical reasons)

8 hours per day

Training

5 days
(average required annual or

recertification training)

8 hours per day

Case or report

preparation

9 days
(average cumulative time for

case and report preparation)

8 hours per day

Court appearance

2 days
(average cumulative time

required for court appearances)

8 hours per day

Counseling time

2.25 days
(1.5 hours per month)

12 months

Total hours unavailable for patrol duties per year.

1,146

D-12.

By adding the results of these variable calculations, an estimate of the total hours unavailable (1,146

hours per year) can be determined for each individual law enforcement officer. With this factor and the total

number of hours per year for the identified shift, the following calculations can be made:



Hours available for patrol duties.

The following formula is used to calculate the hours available

for patrol duties:

ℎ𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜

𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜

𝑜𝑜ℎ𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑖𝑡𝑡

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜

𝑦𝑦𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜 − ℎ𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜

𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑢𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑏𝑏𝑡𝑡𝑝𝑝

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜

𝑦𝑦𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜

ℎ𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜

𝑡𝑡𝑢𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑏𝑏𝑡𝑡𝑝𝑝

𝑖𝑖𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜

𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑦𝑦

Example

2,920

−

1,146 = 1,774 hours available for patrol duty

where—

2,920 = hours required per shift per year

1,146 = hours unavailable per year



Relief factor.

The relief factor is the number of personnel required to meet 1 man-year

requirement. The relief factor is used to determine the number of law enforcement personnel

required to meet base patrol requirements factoring in variables for personnel unavailability. The

following formula is used to calculate the relief factor:

𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑏𝑏𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜

𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑖

ℎ𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜

𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜

𝑦𝑦𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜

𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑏𝑏𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜

𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑖

ℎ𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜

𝑡𝑡𝑢𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑏𝑏𝑡𝑡𝑝𝑝

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜

𝑦𝑦𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜

𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑝𝑝

𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑖

𝑖𝑖𝑡𝑡𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜

Appendix D

D-6

ATP 3-39.10

24 August 2021

Example

2,920 ÷ 1,774 = 1.7 personnel

where—

2,920 = hours per year

1,774 = hours available per year

D-13.

The preceding calculations are applied to each shift, using historical data for the specific time periods

associated with each respective shift. The shift requirements are then compiled to determine the daily patrol

requirements.

Individual Law Enforcement Patrols

D-14.

The staff and military police commander or PM must determine the configuration of individual patrol

elements to facilitate the calculation of manpower requirements. The law enforcement patrol may be

configured as a single- or multiple-person patrol. The determination is made based on the operational

environment, existing and potential threat, and relative experience of the individual law enforcement

personnel. In support of bases and base camps, more experienced law enforcement personnel may be assigned

to single-person patrols. Single-person patrols may also be employed for less experienced law enforcement

personnel in relatively benign environments, especially when sufficient supervisory leadership is available

to assist and mentor less experienced personnel. During shifts where the probability of calls that are volatile

in nature are high or in areas where the threat may be higher, two-person patrols may be appropriate. In

expeditionary environments supporting stability operations, the threat level may be such that full, three-

person military police teams and military police squads may be required to serve as a patrol element.
D-15.

The military police or PM staff determines the optimum configuration for all shifts based on the

considerations discussed. This allows the staff to determine the overall daily manpower requirement.

Table D-2 shows an example of a law enforcement patrol configuration plan.

Table D-2. LE patrol configurations and associated personnel requirements

Shift

Configuration

Base LE Patrol

Personnel Per Day

Supervisory LE Patrol

Personnel Per Day

A (0800–1600)
Base LE patrol

Five patrols; one person per

patrol element

A (0800–1600)
Supervisory LE patrol

One supervisory patrol; one

person per patrol element

B (1600–2400)
Base LE patrol

Five patrols; two personnel per

patrol element

B (1600–2400)
Supervisory LE patrol

One supervisory patrol; one

person per patrol element

C (2400–0800)
Base LE patrol

Five patrols; one person per

patrol element

C (2400–0800)
Supervisory LE patrol

One supervisory patrol; one

person per patrol element

D (2000–0300)
Base LE patrol

Three patrols; two personnel

per patrol element

D (2000–0300)
Supervisory LE patrol

One supervisory patrol; one

person per patrol element

Subtotals

Total daily personnel requirement for LE patrols

30 personnel

Legend:

law enforcement

not applicable

Law Enforcement Patrol and Manpower Requirements

24 August 2021

ATP 3-39.10

D-7

D-16.

As discussed earlier, there are many variables that may make personnel unavailable for law

enforcement patrol duties. The relief factor calculated in paragraph D-12 is applied to the daily personnel

requirement for base law enforcement patrols to determine the number of personnel required for sustained

operations. Multiply the required base patrol personnel times the relief factor of 1.6 to get the base patrol

personnel requirement necessary for sustained operations. The same relief factor must be applied to the

requirement for supervisory law enforcement patrols. See table D-3.

Table D-3. Relief factor to determine personnel requirements

for sustained operations

Element

Daily Personnel

Requirement

Relief Factor

Total Requirement Per Day by

Patrol Type

Base LE patrol

personnel

26 x 1.6

41.6, rounded up to 42 personnel

Supervisory LE

patrol personnel

4 x 1.6

6.4, rounded up to 7 personnel

Total daily personnel requirement necessary for

sustained operations

49 personnel

Legend:

law enforcement

OMPARATIVE

ATA

D-17.

Running estimates for police requirements based on comparative data between the target AO (AO

requiring police support) and similar AO where law enforcement operations are established can be useful

when historical data is inadequate or unavailable. A lack of crime statistics, historical police activity data,

and other factors make the use of many allocation metrics impossible. Expeditionary environments where

police infrastructure and records are nonexistent or have been destroyed are examples of when comparative

data analysis may be necessary. In these cases, initial running estimates based on comparisons between the

target AO and similar AO may be the only realistic method available to produce planning estimates for law

enforcement patrol and manpower requirements.
D-18.

For planning purposes, a target police-to-population ratio can be calculated based on analyses of

similar policing systems. Population ratios should be based on individual urban areas within the larger AO.

Each of these urban centers may require different police officer densities based on the overall population,

population density, and other factors (including threat and area geography). Typically, the more dense the

population, the greater the police-to-population ratio requirement. Table D-4 provides examples of police

densities for five major U.S. cities.

Table D-4. Population and police densities for major U.S. cities

City

Population

Density

Total

Police

Officers

Ratio of Police

Officers to Square

Miles of Patrol Area

Ratio of Police

Officers to

Population

New York

City

8,008,278 25,925 persons

per square mile

39,110 127 officers per

square mile

1 officer per 205

residents

Chicago

2,896,016 12,746 persons

per square mile

13,423 59 officers per square

mile

1 officer per 218

residents

Philadelphia

1,517,510 11,232 persons

per square mile

6,728 50 officers per square

mile

1 officer per 218

residents

Boston

589,141 12,172 persons

per square mile

2,044 42 officers per square

mile

1 officer per 297

residents

Los

Angeles

3,600,000 7,915 persons

per square mile

9,195 20 officers per square

mile

1 officer per 431

residents

Boots on the Ground: Troop Density in Contingency Operations

, Global War on Terrorism Occasional Paper

16, Combat Studies Institute Press, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.

Appendix D

D-8

ATP 3-39.10

24 August 2021

D-19.

After major urban areas are calculated and requirements are established, rural areas can be determined.

Typically, police density in rural areas is more closely tied to communication capabilities and response times.

Once individual police-to-population densities are calculated, actual police requirements can be determined

and overall averages for the AO can be determined.
D-20.

The police-to-population ratio template enables the staff to determine the total number of required

police officers for each policing area (city, county, or other jurisdiction) based on the estimated population.

For example, if the target police-to-population ratio is 5 police officers per 1,000 people, a policing area with

700,000 residents would require approximately 3,500 policing personnel. The 3,500 personnel police force

can then be divided into individual police stations. The span of control must be considered when dividing

individual police station areas and manpower allocations. For planning purposes, 200 police officers per

station represent a medium-size police force.
D-21.

The number of required police stations will determine the police hierarchy required to exercise

command and control over the individual stations and police elements. Police organizations will typically be

organized with an overall headquarters element. The size of the organization will determine if interim

management levels are required or if individual police station commanders report directly to the headquarters

element. In extremely large organizations, the district headquarters may be assigned a share of the police

stations and act as a midlevel management element. These midlevel elements provide command and control

for their assigned police stations and report to the police headquarters element, thus establishing the

organizational span of control at a more manageable level. Extremely small organizations (such as those

organized to provide law enforcement and policing support to rural or small towns) may integrate the

headquarters element into a single police station that supports the entire AO.

MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIFIC MISSIONS

D-22.

A formula can be used to calculate the number of personnel required to fulfill a given mission

requirement, while allowing for a specific work schedule. This manpower requirement calculation allows

military police staffs, commanders, and PMs to identify the required amount of personnel needed to meet a

specific mission requirement. This formula is best used for very specific missions; it is not a good application

for determining long-term sustained mission requirements. The formula can be used as a stand-alone

calculation or, when properly input into most standard computer spreadsheet applications, calculated

automatically. This formula is used when—



A daily manpower or mission requirement is known.



The desired work schedule is known (for example, 5 days on and 2 days off).



The total number of personnel required to meet the given mission is unknown.

Note.

In the case of a fractional number, the results are always rounded up. This provides the

minimum number of personnel required for the stated commitment.

D-23.

The formula is—

𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑦𝑦

𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡

𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑏𝑏𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜

𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑖

𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑦𝑦𝑜𝑜

𝑜𝑜𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟

𝑡𝑡𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑏𝑏𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜

𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑖

𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑦𝑦𝑜𝑜

𝑤𝑤𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑤𝑤𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡

𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡

Law Enforcement Patrol and Manpower Requirements

24 August 2021

ATP 3-39.10

D-9

Example 1

5 days on, 2 days off

100 × 7 ÷ 5 = 140

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡

𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡

where—

100

= positions (for 140 personnel)

= total number of days on the schedule

= actual days worked

Example 2

6 days on, 3 days off

100 × 9 ÷ 6 = 150

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡

𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡

where—

100

= positions (for 140 personnel)

= total number of days on the schedule

= actual days worked

D-24.

For long-term planning and to account for emergencies, training, leave, injury, unexpected illness, or

other personnel absences, a 10 percent increase is typically added to the personnel requirement.

Example

150 × 0.1 = 15

150 + 15 = 165

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡

𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡

where—

150

= initial personnel requirement

MANPOWER CAPABILITY AND CONSTRAINTS

D-25.

Many times, the mission must be accomplished with the personnel available. In these instances, the

capability of the unit must be calculated to provide leaders and staffs with the actual manpower capability of

the unit. This provides the staff with available personnel resources to accomplish the stated mission and

enables informed planning, recommendations, and decision making regarding the prioritization of tasks for

the available force. The manpower capability calculation allows military police staffs, commanders, and PMs

to identify the specific mission capabilities (or constraints) given a specified number of available personnel.

The manpower capability calculation is best applied to very specific missions; it is not a good application for

determining long-term sustained mission requirements or constraints.

Appendix D

D-10

ATP 3-39.10

24 August 2021

D-26.

Like the manpower requirements formula, the manpower capability formula can be used as a

stand-alone calculation or as input into a computer spreadsheet application to perform calculations

automatically. This formula is used when—



The total number of available personnel is known.



The desired work schedule is known (for example, 5 days on and 2 days off).



A daily manpower capability is unknown.

D-27.

When calculating manpower capability, use the following formula:

𝑡𝑡𝑢𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑏𝑏𝑡𝑡𝑝𝑝

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡

𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑦𝑦𝑜𝑜

𝑤𝑤𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑤𝑤𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟

𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑦𝑦𝑜𝑜

𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟

𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑝𝑝

𝑜𝑜𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑝𝑝

𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑦𝑦

𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡𝑤𝑤𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜

𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡𝑏𝑏𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑦𝑦

Note.

For manpower capability calculations, the results must be rounded down.

Example 1

6 days on, 3 days off

100 × 6 ÷ 9 = 66.67

𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟

𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑤𝑤𝑟𝑟

𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡

𝑡𝑡𝑢𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑏𝑏𝑡𝑡𝑝𝑝

𝑖𝑖𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜

𝑡𝑡

–

ℎ𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟

where—

100

= available personnel strength

= days on

= days in schedule

Example 2

5 days on, 2 days off

100 × 5 ÷ 7 = 71.43

𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟

𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑤𝑤𝑟𝑟

𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡

𝑡𝑡𝑢𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑏𝑏𝑡𝑡𝑝𝑝

𝑖𝑖𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜

𝑡𝑡

–

ℎ𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟

where—

100

= available personnel strength

= days on

= days in schedule

D-28.

The formulas above do not account for emergencies, training, leave, injury, unexpected illness, or other

personnel absences. A reduction of 10 percent must typically be applied for long-term planning.

Example

71 × 0.10 = 7.1

−

7.1 = 63.9

𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑟

𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑤𝑤𝑟𝑟

𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑡𝑡

𝑡𝑡𝑢𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑏𝑏𝑡𝑡𝑝𝑝

𝑖𝑖𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜

𝑡𝑡

–

ℎ𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜

𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟

where—

= initial number of personnel available

24 August 2021

ATP 3-39.10

E-1

Appendix E

Equipment Requirements

Law enforcement activities have equipment requirements specific to the unique tasks

conducted by Army law enforcement personnel. This appendix provides a list of

general equipment requirements for use in planning and resourcing law enforcement

personnel by military police staffs, PMs, and military police commanders.

BASIC LAW ENFORCEMENT PATROL EQUIPMENT

REQUIREMENTS

E-1.

Law enforcement activities require specific minimum equipment requirements to ensure that individual

law enforcement personnel and the community are safe. This equipment provides personal protection for the

individual conducting law enforcement activities, keeps the equipment stable on the person, and ensures that

the tools necessary for graduated response to threats are readily available. Law enforcement patrol personnel

conducting police operations under relatively stable conditions are typically equipped with the following

individual equipment:



Handgun.

Army law enforcement personnel carry their issued 9-millimeter sidearm.



Weapon holster.

The holster should be rated at a minimum retention or security Level II. This is

important for safety and weapon retention. The holster should be fabricated of a durable material

(typically, nylon or leather), especially at the points where the holster is connected to the belt.

Note.

Holsters are typically categorized as Level I, Level II, or Level III based on the number of

weapon retention devices designed into the holster. A Level I holster has one retention device,

Level II has two, and Level III has three.



Ammunition carrier or pouch.

The ammunition carrier or pouch should be fabricated of a

durable material (typically, nylon or leather).



Concealed body armor.

The minimum level of body armor recommended for use by police is

Level IIA (this level will defeat 85 percent of all handgun ammunition); Level IIIA is optimum.

Body armor provides protection against many ballistic threats from standard firearms; it may not

provide protection against puncture threats from pointed weapons (knives, arrows, ice picks).

Body armor considerations include—



Fit.

The body armor should fit the individual according to the manufacturer recommendation.



Hygiene.

Body armor should be cleaned regularly according to the manufacturer

recommendations. In hot environments, sweat from law enforcement personnel can cause the

body armor carrier to become unsanitary and create a health hazard.



Physical limitations.

Physical capacity may be reduced due to aerobic limitations associated

with the additional weight of the body armor and the constriction of the rib cage while wearing

the body armor. Personnel should train while wearing body armor to increase strength and

stamina.

Note.

The National Institute of Justice established certification standards for rating body armor

based on armor performance against various ballistic threats. Body armor is rated across six levels,

from Level I through IV, including Levels I, II, IIA, III, IIIA, and IV.

Appendix E

E-2

ATP 3-39.10

24 August 2021



Equipment duty belt.

The belt should be made of durable material (nylon, leather) that is fairly

rigid. It should be at least 2 1/4 inches wide to provide support for the equipment needed and to

distribute the weight along the waist. The belt should have a safety mechanism that prevents it

from being easily unbuckled from the front.



Handcuffs and case.

There are generally two types of handcuffs available: chained and hinged.

Chained handcuffs have a link of chain between the two locking devices. Hinged handcuffs have

a pivoting hinge between the two devices. Hinged cuffs allow for less maneuverability for the

subject.



Flashlight and carrier.

A durable, reliable flashlight is essential. Rechargeable flashlights can be

cost-effective over time by reducing battery replacement costs. The flashlight should produce at

least 65 lumens of light. The carrier should be made to fit the flashlight to prevent it from falling

out of the carrier during movement under routine and extraordinary conditions.



Radio case.

The radio case should be made of durable material (nylon, leather). The radio should

fit the case correctly to prevent it from falling out during law enforcement activities.



Belt keepers.

Belt keepers on the duty belt are important to prevent slippage along the torso and

to keep items worn on the belt in position.



Wet-weather gear.

Police operations must be sustained in extreme conditions. Durable, highly

visible, wet-weather gear should be on hand for law enforcement personnel at all times. The wet-

weather gear should provide protection from the elements and not interfere with the law

enforcement officer’s movement and ability to access weapons and equipment. It should also

provide a high level of visibility during conditions where visibility is reduced due to weather

conditions.



Personal first aid kit.

The kit should include—



Nitrile gloves.



Cardiopulmonary resuscitation face shield.



Decontamination or disinfectant wipes.



Trauma bandages.

E-2.

At least one of the following pieces of equipment should be provided to law enforcement personnel as

an additional less-than-lethal force option when the application of force is required:



Impact weapon and keeper.

Impact weapons, typically batons designed for law enforcement use,

are a useful tool for law enforcement. The type of baton depends on local policy and training.

Batons come in different sizes ranging from 18 to 36 inches. Military police staffs, PMs, and

commanders should understand that there are training and certification requirements specific to

each type of baton. Baton types include—



Straight, expandable baton.



PR-24®, side handle baton (expandable and rigid versions).



Straight (rigid) baton.



OC spray and case.

OC spray should be rated at least 5.5 percent. There are several sizes of OC

canisters and several types of spray nozzles. The specific size and type of spray should be uniform

within the organization. Training and certification is required for law enforcement personnel to

carry OC spray for law enforcement duties. The use of OC spray in some operational environments

may be prohibited. Ensure that the use of OC spray outside the United States is staffed through

the supporting SJA before employment.



Electronic control device.

An electroshock weapon designed for law enforcement use comes in

multiple configurations. Training and certification are required for law enforcement personnel to

carry electroshock weapons for law enforcement duties. Applicable DOD, Army, and local

policies must be considered when resourcing law enforcement personnel with electroshock

weapons.

Equipment Requirements

24 August 2021

ATP 3-39.10

E-3

E-3.

Law enforcement patrols should also have the following items readily available, typically carried

within or on their patrol vehicle or other mode of transportation:



Forms.



DA Form 2823 (

Sworn Statement



DA Form 3946.



DA Form 4002.



DA Form 4137.



DD Form 1408 (

Armed Forces Traffic Ticket



Field interview cards (locally produced).



CVB Form

(United States District Court Violation Notice)



Basic evidence collection materials (paper bags, plastic or glass containers).



Digital cameras.



Flex cuffs.



Portable warning and traffic control equipment.



Flashlights with cones.



Reflective vests.



Traffic warning flares.



Warning triangles.



Police whistles.



Basic first-aid kits with nitrile gloves.



Water (5-gallon container is preferable), clean rags, and mild liquid soap.



Personal protective equipment, consistent with standards established by the Occupational Safety

and Health Administration, to include (at a minimum)—



Full-face or half-mask, air-purifying respirators (National Institute for Occupational Safety

and Health-approved).



Hooded, chemical-resistant clothing (overalls; two-piece, chemical-splash suits; and

disposable, chemical-resistant overalls).



Chemical-resistant gloves.



Emergency Response Guidebook

(for HAZMAT response).



Chemical lights. Colors may be designated for use for specified applications or signals.

SPECIAL-RESPONSE SCENARIOS

E-4.

Some items of equipment may not be necessary for routine law enforcement patrol activities. However

some incidents occur that are beyond the normal law enforcement patrols capabilities. These incidents may

require special equipment that needs to be accessed in a timely manner when the incident occurs. (See ATP

3-39.11 and ATP 3-39.35 for equipment specific to SRTs or protective service missions.) These incidents

can range from major accidents to active-shooter or other volatile situations. The use of the equipment within

this section may require specific training or qualification for use. Authorization for use may likewise be

elevated to levels well above the law enforcement patrol, patrol supervisor, or military police operations staff.

Local policy will dictate authorization levels for the use of specific weapons and equipment.
E-5.

Special-response equipment should be readily available to law enforcement personnel (maintained at

the military police station or within select law enforcement patrol vehicles) where it can be distributed to

authorized personnel in a timely manner. The type of equipment, regulations, and local policy dictate exact

storage requirements. Up-to-date training and qualification rosters must be maintained at the police desk to

ensure that equipment is only issued to authorized personnel.

Appendix E

E-4

ATP 3-39.10

24 August 2021

E-6.

Special-response equipment may include—



Additional weapons and ammunition.



M4 rifles with close combat optic, sling, and light.



Shotguns.



Ammunition for M4 rifle, shotgun, and additional 9-millimeter ammunition.



Communication headsets or helmets.



Knee and elbow pads.



Extra radios and batteries.



Tactical mirrors.



Search mirrors.



Plate carrier vests.



Ballistic shield or blanket.



Breaching tools and bracing tools.



Battering ram.



Heavy crowbar.



Bolt cutters.



Edged multitool.



Hooligan tool.



Ten-pound sledgehammer.

Note.

A small battering ram, a pry tool, and a sledgehammer in a portable kit may be useful if the

equipment must be carried long distances or over rough terrain. Full-size tools are not suitable for

transport in this type of terrain.

24 August 2021

ATP 3-39.10

Glossary-1

Glossary

The glossary lists acronyms and terms with Army or joint definitions. Terms for which

ATP 3-39.10 is the proponent are marked with an asterisk (*).

SECTION I – ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

ADP

Army doctrinal publication

ALERTS

Army Law Enforcement Reporting and Tracking System

ASCOPE

areas, structures, capabilities, organizations, people, and events

area of operations

Army regulation

antiterrorism

attn

attention

ATP

Army techniques publication

BOLO

CBRN

be on the lookout
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear

CVB

Central Violations Bureau

CLEP

Conservation Law Enforcement Program
Department of the Army

District of Columbia

DD form

Department of Defense

DFSC

Defense Forensic Science Center

DNA

deoxyribonucleic acid

DOD

Department of Defense

DODD

Department of Defense directive

DODI

Department of Defense instruction

DSCA

defense support of civil authorities

DTR

Defense Transportation Regulation

EOD

explosive ordnance disposal

field manual

FPCON

GIS

force protection condition
geographic information system

HAZMAT

hazardous material

host nation

HSPD

Homeland Security Presidential Directive
joint publication

MDMP

military decision making process

MSCoE

Maneuver Support Center of Excellence

Glossary

Glossary-2

ATP 3-39.10

24 August 2021

MWD

military working dog

No.

number

oleoresin capsicum

OPFOR

opposing force

PDTT

police development and transition team

provost marshal

PMO

provost marshal’s office

POLICE

police and prison structures, organized criminal elements, legal systems,

investigations and interviews, crime-conducive conditions, and enforcement

gaps and mechanisms

PSRB

S-3

Physical Security Review Board
battalion or brigade operations staff officer

special agent

SARA

SJA

scanning, analysis, response, and assessment
Staff Judge Advocate

SOP

standard operating procedure

SRT

special-reaction team

special text

training circular

TCP

traffic control post

TMCI

traffic management and collision investigator

UCMJ

Uniform Code of Military Justice

UFC

Unified Facilities Criteria

U.S.

United States

USACIDC

United States Army Criminal Investigation Command

USAMPS

United States Army Military Police School

USC

United States Code

SECTION II – TERMS

*crime prevention

A crime control method that applies to efforts to reduce criminal opportunity, protect potential human

victims, and prevent property loss by anticipating, recognizing, and appraising crime risk and initiating

actions to remove or reduce it.

*law enforcement interrogation

The systematic effort by law enforcement investigators to prove, disprove, or corroborate information

relevant to a criminal investigation using direct questioning in a controlled environment.

24 August 2021

ATP 3-39.10

References-1

References

All websites were accessed on 29 April 2021. To receive APD’s weekly publishing update, subscribe at

https://armypubs.army.mil/News/RssInstructions.aspx

REQUIRED PUBLICATIONS

These documents must be available to the intended users of this publication.

DOD Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms.

January 2021.

FM 1-02.1.

Operational Terms.

9 March 2021.

FM 1-02.2.

Military Symbols

. 10 November 2020.

RELATED PUBLICATIONS

These documents contain relevant supplemental information.

OINT

Most joint publications are available online:

https://www.jcs.mil/doctrine/

JP 1.

Doctrine for the Armed Forces of the United States.

25 March 2013.

JP 2-0.

Joint Intelligence.

22 October 2013.

JP 3-0.

Joint Operations.

17 January 2017.

JP 3-07.4.

Counterdrug Operations.

5 February 2019.

JP 3-13.

Information Operations.

27 November 2012.

JP 3-22.

Foreign Internal Defense.

17 August 2018.

JP 5-0.

Joint Planning

. 16 June 2017.

RMY

Most Army publications are available online at

https://armypubs.army.mil

ADP 3-0.

Operations.

31 July 2019.

ADP 3-07.

Stability.

31 July 2019.

ADP 3-28.

Defense Support of Civil Authorities.

31 July 2019.

ADP 3-37.

Protection.

31 July 2019.

ADP 5-0.

The Operations Process.

31 July 2019.

ADP 6-0.

Mission Command: Command and Control of Army Forces.

31 July 2019.

AR 27-10.

Military Justice.

20 November 2020.

AR 75-15.

Policy for Explosive Ordnance Disposal.

17 December 2019.

AR 190-9.

Absentee Deserter Apprehension Program and Surrender of Military Personnel to Civilian

Law Enforcement Agencies

. 28 September 2015.

AR 190-11.

Physical Security of Arms, Ammunition, and Explosives.

17 January 2019.

AR 190-12.

Military Working Dog Program.

23 October 2019.

AR 190-13.

The Army Physical Security Program.

27 June 2019.

AR 190-14.

Carrying of Firearms and Use of Force for Law Enforcement and Security Duties.

12 March 1993.

AR 190-30.

Military Police Investigations.

1 November 2005.

AR 190-45.

Law Enforcement Reporting.

27 September 2016.

References

References-2

ATP 3-39.10

24 August 2021

AR 190-47.

The Army Corrections System.

15 June 2006.

AR 190-51.

Security of Unclassified Army Resources (Sensitive and Nonsensitive).

27 June 2019.

AR 190-54.

Security of Nuclear Reactors and Special Nuclear Materials.

19 June 2006.

AR 190-56.

The Army Civilian Police and Security Guard Program.

15 March 2013.

AR 190-58.

Designation and Protection of High Risk Personnel.

25 February 2018.

AR 195-2.

Criminal Investigation Activities.

21 July 2020.

AR 195-5.

Evidence Procedures.

25 August 2019.

AR 381-10.

U.S. Army Intelligence Activities.

3 May 2007.

AR 381-20.

Army Counterintelligence Program.

25 May 2010.

AR 525-13.

Antiterrorism.

3 December 2019.

ATP 2-01.3.

Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield.

1 March 2019.

ATP 3-34.80.

Geospatial Engineering.

22 February 2017.

ATP 3-37.2.

Antiterrorism.

3 June 2014.

ATP 3-39.10.

Police Operations

. 26 January 2015.

ATP 3-39.11.

Military Police Special Reaction Teams.

26 November 2013.

ATP 3-39.12.

Law Enforcement Investigations.

19 August 2013.

ATP 3-39.20.

Police Intelligence Operations.

13 May 2019.

ATP 3-39.30.

Security and Mobility Support.

21 May 2020.

ATP 3-39.32.

Physical Security.

30 April 2014.

ATP 3-39.33.

Civil Disturbances.

21 April 2014.

ATP 3-39.34.

Military Working Dogs.

30 January 2015.

ATP 3-39.35.

Protective Services.

31 May 2013.

ATP 3-90.15.

Site Exploitation.

28 July 2015.

ATP 4-16.

Movement Control.

5 April 2013.

ATP 5-0.1.

Army Design Methodology.

1 July 2015.

ATP 5-19.

Risk Management.

14 April 2014.

DA Pamphlet 190-45.

Army Law Enforcement Reporting and Tracking System.

18 April 2019.

FM 1-04.

Legal Support to Operations.

8 June 2020.

FM 3-0.

Operations.

6 October 2017.

FM 3-13.

Information Operations.

6 December 2016.

FM 3-22.

Army Support to Security Cooperation.

22 January 2013.

FM 3-39.

Military Police Operations.

9 April 2019.

FM 3-63.

Detainee Operations.

2 January 2020.

FM 6-0.

Commander and Staff Organization and Operations.

5 May 2014.

TC 19-210.

Access Control Handbook.

4 October 2004.

EPARTMENT OF

EFENSE

Most Department of Defense publications are available online:

https://www.esd.whs.mil/DD.

DOD 5240.1-R.

Procedures Governing the Activities of DOD Intelligence Components That Affect

United States Persons.

7 December 1982.

DODD 3025.18.

Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA).

29 December 2010.

DODD 5200-31E.

DOD Military Working Dog (MWD) Program

. 10 August 2011.

DODD 5200.27.

Acquisition of Information Concerning Persons and Organizations Not Affiliated

With the Department of Defense.

7 January 1980.

DODD 5240.01.

DOD Intelligence Activities.

27 August 2007.

References

24 August 2021

ATP 3-39.10

References-3

DODI 2000.12.

DOD Antiterrorism (AT) Program.

1 March 2012.

DODI O-2000.16, Volume 1.

DOD Antiterrorism (AT) Program Implementation: DOD AT Standards.

17 November 2016.

DODI O-2000.16, Volume 2.

DOD Antiterrorism (AT) Program Implementation: DOD Force

Protection Condition (FPCON) System.

17 November 2016.

DODI 3025.21.

Defense Support of Civilian Law Enforcement Agencies.

27 February 2013.

DODI 5200.08.

Security of DOD Installations and Resources and the DOD Physical Security Review

Board (PSRB).

10 December 2005.

DODI 5505.14.

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Collection Requirements for Criminal Investigations,

Law Enforcement, Corrections, and Commanders

. 22 December 2015.

DODI 5525.11.

Criminal Jurisdiction Over Civilians Employed By or Accompanying the Armed

Forces Outside the United States, Certain Service Members, and Former Service Members.

3 March 2005.

DODI 5525.17.

Conservation Law Enforcement Program (CLEP).

17 October 2013.

ULTI

-S

ERVICE

UBLICATIONS

AR 190-24/OPNAVINST 1620.2A/AFI 31-213/MCO 1620.2D/COMDTINST 1620.1E.

Armed Forces

Disciplinary Control Boards and Off-Installation Liaison and Operations.

27 July 2006.

ATP 3-34.81/MCWP 3-17.4.

Engineer Reconnaissance.

1 March 2016.

FM 6-27/MCTP 11-10C.

The Commander’s Handbook on the Law of Land Warfare

. 7 August 2019.

THER

United States Code is available online at

https://uscode.house.gov/

. The Manual for Courts-Martial

United States and UCMJ are available online at

https://jsc.defense.gov/Military-Law/Current-

Publications-and-Updates/

Braga, Anthony A.

Crime and Policing Revisited. New Perspective in Policing Bulletin

(NCJ 248888).

https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/248888.pdf.

5 USC 522a.

Privacy Act of 1974. Records Maintained on Individuals.

10 USC.

Armed Forces.

14 USC.

Coast Guard

16 USC.

Conservation.

18 USC.

Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

18 USC 3401.

Misdemeanors; Application of Probation Laws.

32 USC.

National Guard.

Carroll Versus United States 1925

. Website:

https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/267/132/

Combined DNA Index System. Website:

https://army.deps.mil/army/cmds/DFSC/home/CODIS/SitePages/Home.aspx.

DTR 4500.9-R.

Defense Transportation Regulation. Part V, Department of Defense Customs and

Border Clearance Policies and Procedures.

August 2017. Website:

https://www.ustranscom.mil/dtr/part-v/dtr_part_v_toc.pdf

EO 12333.

United States Intelligence Activities.

4 December 1981. Website:

http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/codification/executive-order/12333.html

Emergency Response Guidebook.

Department of Transportation. 2016. Website:

http://icc.pub/downloads/erg/2016-erg.pdf

Manual for Courts-Martial United States.

2019 edition.

Manual for Courts-Martial United States, Rule 302.

2019 edition.

Manual for Courts-Martial United States, Rule 305(k).

2019 edition.

Manual for Courts-Martial United States, Rule 315d.

2019 edition.

References

References-4

ATP 3-39.10

24 August 2021

Manual for Courts-Martial United States, Rule 315f.

2019 edition.

Manual for Courts-Martial United States, Rule 315f[2].

2019 edition.

McGrath, John J.,

Boots on the Ground: Troop Density in Contingency Operations.

Global War on

Terrorism Occasional Paper 16, Combat Studies Institute Press. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.

Website:

http://cgsc.contentdm.oclc.org/u?/p16040coll3,166

Military Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Act of 2000

(18 USC Ch. 212).

Minnesota Versus Dickerson

. 508 U.S. 366. 7 June 1993. Website:

www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/91

-2019.ZO.html

Miranda Versus Arizona

. 384 U.S. 436. 13 June 1966. Website:

http://supreme.justia.com

/cases/federal/us/384/436/case.html

Posse Comitatus Act of 1878

(18 USC 1385).

Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime and Communities

. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering,

and Medicine. 2018. Website:

https://doi.org/10.17226/24928

Protective Services Training Course.

Website:

https://home.army.mil/wood/index.php/units-

tenants/USAMPS/MPOrganizations/directorate-

training-education/protective-services-training-course.

Standard Requirements Code 19 Military Police.

Website:

https://fmsweb.fms.army.mil/protected/secure/tools.asp

Terry versus Ohio

. 392 U.S. 1. 10 June 1968. Website:

http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html

/historics/USSC_CR_0392_0001_ZS.html

The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (Public Law 87-195).

Website:

https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/STATUTE-75/STATUTE-75-Pg195-2

Traffic Management and Accident Investigation Course

. Website:

https://home.army.mil/wood/index.php/units-tenants/USAMPS/MPOrganizations/directorate-

training-education/usamps-courses/traffic-management-and-collision-investigation-tmci-

course

UCMJ, Article 2.

General Provisions,

Persons Subject to This Chapter.

UCMJ, Article 7.

Apprehension and Restraint, Apprehension.

UCMJ, Article 31.

Pre-Trial Procedure, Compulsory Self-Incrimination Prohibited.

UFC 1-201-01.

Non-permanent DOD Facilities in Support of Military Operations.

1 January 2013.

Website:

https://www.wbdg.org/ffc/dod/unified-facilities-criteria-ufc.

U.S. Constitution, 4th Amendment. Website:

http://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/fourth_amendment

PRESCRIBED FORMS

This section contains no entries.

REFERENCED FORMS

Unless otherwise indicated, DA forms are available on the Army Publishing Directorate website at

https://armypubs.army.mil/

. Department of Defense forms are available on the Executive

Services Directorate website at

https://www.esd.whs.mil/Directives/forms/

CVB Form.

United States District Court Violation Notice

https://www.cvb.uscourts.gov/

DA Form 190-45-SG.

Army Law Enforcement Reporting and Tracking System (ALERTS). (Available

through the Provost Marshal General or

https://alerts.cims.army.mil

References

24 August 2021

ATP 3-39.10

References-5

DA Form 2028.

Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms.

DA Form 2823.

Sworn Statement.

DA Form 3881.

Rights Warning Procedure/Waiver Certificate.

DA Form 3946.

Military Police Traffic Accident Report.

DA Form 4002.

Evidence/Property Tag.

(Available through normal publications supply channels.)

DA Form 4137.

Evidence/Property Custody Document.

DA Form 4833.

Commander’s Report of Disciplinary or Administrative Action.

DD Form 1408.

Armed Forces Traffic Ticket.

(Available through normal publications supply

channels.)

DD Form 2922.

Forensic Laboratory Examination Request.

WEBSITES

Army Publishing Directorate, Army Publishing Updates. Website:

http://www.armypubs.army.mil

Federal Bureau of Investigation.

Privacy Impact Assessment Integrated Automated Fingerprint

Identification System National Security Enhancements

. Website:

https://www.fbi.gov/services/information-management/foipa/privacy-impact-

assessments/iafis

Federal Bureau of Investigation, National Crime Information Center. Website:

https://www.fbi.gov/services/cjis/ncic

Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Reporting Program. Website:

https://www.fbi.gov/services/cjis/ucr

RECOMMENDED READINGS

ADP 1.

The Army.

31 July 2019.

ADP 3-05.

Army

Special Operations.

31 July 2019.

ADP 4-0.

Sustainment.

31 July 2019.

AR 195-6.

Department of the Army Polygraph Activities.

21 April 2016.

AR 385-10.

The Army Safety Program.

24 February 2017.

ATP 2-22.82.

Biometrics-Enabled Intelligence (U).

2 November 2015.

ATP 3-39.33.

Civil Disturbances.

21 April 2014.

Carter, David L. PhD,

Law Enforcement Intelligence: A Guide for State, Local, and Tribal Law

Enforcement Agencies

, 2d Edition. School of Criminal Justice, Michigan State University.

November 2004. Website: www.cops.usdoj.gov/pdf/e09042536.pdf.

Community Policing Defined.

U.S. Department of Justice. Website:

http://www.cops.usdoj.gov/pdf/vets-to-cops/e030917193-CP-Defined.pdf.

DA Pamphlet 350-38.

Standards in Weapons Training.

28 September 2020.

DODD 8521.01E.

DOD Biometrics.

13 January 2016.

DODI O-2000.22.

Designation and Physical Protection of DoD High-Risk Personnel

. 6 June 2014.

DODI 5525.15.

Law Enforcement (LE) Standards and Training in the DOD.

22 December 2016.

Fed-Std-376B.

Preferred Metric Units for General Use by the Federal Government.

27 January 1993. Website:

http://www.nist.gov/pml/wmd/metric/upload/fs376-b.pdf

FM 3-24.

Insurgencies and Countering Insurgencies.

13 May 2014.

Hot Spot Policing Can Reduce Crime.

National Institute of Justice. 2009. Website:

http://www.nij.gov/topics/law-enforcement/strategies/hot-spot-policing/welcome.htm

HSPD-5.

Management of Domestic Incidents.

28 February 2003. Website:

http://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/Homeland%20Security%20Presidential%2

0Directive%205.pdf

References

References-6

ATP 3-39.10

24 August 2021

Intelligence-Led Policing: The New Intelligence Architecture.

U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of

Justice Assistance. September 2005. Website:

www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/bja/210681.pdf

National Cooperative Highway Research Program Report 504.

Design Speed, Operating Speed, and

Posted Speed Practices.

July 2003. Website:

http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/nchrp/nchrp_rpt_504.pdf

National Institute of Justice Guide. U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs.

Selection

and Application Guide 0101.06 to Ballistic Resistant Personal Body Armor.

December 2014.

Website:

https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/247281.pdf

Understanding Community Policing: A Framework for Action.

Bureau of Justice Assistance, U.S.

Department of Justice. August 1994. Website:

www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles/commp.pdf

ATP 3-39.10

Index-1

Index

Entries are by paragraph number.

analysis. 1-13, 3-24
antiterrorism. 6-124

border control. 2-105, 6-8, 6-9,
border operations. 6-6

civil control. 2-20
civil law enforcement. 6-124
civil security. 2-20
combat power. 1-55, 1-58
combined arms. 1-55, 1-67
corps. 2-107, 6-18
counterdrug operations. 6-124
crime mapping. 2-57
crime prevention

definition. 4-3

crime-conducive conditions.
1-11, 1-13, 1-19
criminal investigations. 5-47,

6-17

critical incidents. 2-72
customs. 6-8

detention. 1-18, 6-5, 6-17
disciplines. 1-1, 6-17

military police. 1-1

division. 6-18
DSCA. 1-2, 1-55

escalation of force. 1-16
exceptional information. 7-13

first, 6-2
force protection team. 2-96
forensic evidence. 3-26, 9-67
forensics. 3-24, 6-17
full spectrum operations.
1-68

24 August 2021

defensive operations. 1-73

definition. 1-55

offensive operations. 1-71

graduated response. 6-2
graduated-response. 1-16

host-nation police. 2-20, 6-4,

6-17

insurgency. 1-51
interim criminal justice system.

6-16

interview

definition. 5-54

interviews and LE

interrogations. 5-53

interviews. 5-54

LE interrogations. 5-57

law enforcement. 1-14, 2-19,

2-108, 6-5, 6-17, 6-124

law enforcement interrogation

definition. 5-57

LE patrol methods. 5-14

bicycle patrols. 5-28

boat and watercraft patrols.

5-31

canine patrols. 5-30

dismounted patrols. 5-18

mounted patrols. 5-22

static or fixed patrols. 5-16

LE patrol strategies. 5-35

differential response. 5-42

directed patrols. 5-36

saturation patrols. 5-40

split-force patrolling. 5-38

LE-sensitive. 3-37

managing police information.

3-35

database applications. 3-53

GISs. 3-54

HN LE. 3-56

legal and regulatory

constraints. 3-40

manpower requirements. 2-66
measure of effectiveness. 1-19
measure of performance

definition. 2-26

military decisionmaking

process. 2-14

military police battalions. 6-18
military police disciplines. 1-1,

1-55

military police organizations

and capabilities. 2-83

Army civilian police and

security guard. 2-114

customs inspection teams.

2-104

evidence response team.

2-106

law and order detachments.

2-86

law and order operations

center. 2-84

protective services and

high-risk personnel

protection. 2-110

SRT. 2-112

movement and maneuver. 1-55
MWD. 2-107, 6-17

nonlethal. 1-55

offensive operations

definition. 1-71

operational environment

definition. 1-37

patrol areas and patrol

distribution. 2-42

PM, 1-29, 1-46, 2-37, 2-46,

2-70, 2-82, 2-93, 3-8, 3-30,

3-35, 4-1, 4-22, 5-9, 5-14,

Index

Index-2

ATP 3-39.10

24 August 2021

5-35, 6-40, 6-68, 6-75, 7-35,

8-6, A-12, A-16

POLICE. 2-4

definition. 2-4

police engagement. 1-11, 1-13,

1-14, 2-47

police intelligence. 1-13, 2-20,

6-4

police intelligence operations.

2-20

police operations. 1-18, 2-19,

6-17

policing

definition. 1-8, Chapter 6

policing models

community-oriented

policing. 4-77

policing principles. 1-12
protection warfighting function.

1-55

provost marshal. 6-18, 6-124

requirements for police station

operations. 3-4

criminal investigations

capability. 3-9

LE operations section. 3-5

logistics and supply

capability. 3-14

police administration. 3-13

police desk section. 3-7

traffic enforcement and

investigations capability.

3-12

training capability. 3-17

rule of law. 1-11, 1-20, 2-20,

6-3, 6-16, 6-18

rules for the use of force. 1-6
rules of engagement. 1-9, 1-16,

6-18

security. 1-14, 1-18, 2-20, 3-23,

6-18

security and mobility support.

8-9

definition. 8-9

site exploitation. 6-18

definition. 9-18

spectrum of conflict. 1-48
stability. 1-55, 2-20, 6-3
stability operations. 1-75

TCP. 8-5, 8-11
technical channel. 1-35, 2-82,

4-19, 6-40, 6-68

theater. 8-9
traffic control

definition. 8-12

traffic control devices. 8-38
traffic control post

definition. 8-35

traffic control studies. 8-44
traffic management. 8-1
traffic management and

enforcement. 6-17

unified action

definition. 1-46

unit allocation planning factors.

2-78

USACIDC. 1-36, 7-3, 7-26,

C-53

U.S. Army Criminal

Investigation Command

Support. 2-55, 2-66,

2-70, 2-115, 3-10, 5-47,

5-57, 5-92, 6-23, 6-47,

8-133, A-8, C-6

variance

definition. 2-23

ATP 3-39.10 POLICE OPERATIONS (AUGUST 2021) - page 9