Military reference books and manuals (2009-2023, Volume 8) - page 24
Appendix D
Dry mix. Dry mix is composed of two parts (two shovelfuls) of STB to three parts (three
shovelfuls) of earth or other dry material. Detergent should not be added to the dry mix. For the
decontamination of liquid chemical agents in small areas with short grass, approximately 1
pound of dry mix should be applied to each square yard. For brushy or wooded areas, 3-5
pounds per square yard is considered adequate. Dry mix may also be placed under equipment to
protect against contamination by agents flushed from the equipment. In areas where boots are
likely to be exposed to agents, personnel may shuffle their boots in dry mix prior to and
following the completion of decontamination operations.
WARNING
DO NOT mix STB with anything
except water or earth. Avoid
solvents, acids, and organic
materials.
Note. The use of STB mixtures on agents that have solidified as a result of low temperatures is
not effective. A hot prewash is recommended to increase effectiveness.
D-5. STB may be applied in paste form to the surface of permeable material that has been contaminated
so that the STB acts as a protective barrier to the contamination. Liquid chemical agents that have been
absorbed into the ground or other porous material do not react with the STB because the agents do not
come into direct contact with the surficial barrier. However, as long as the STB retains its chlorine content,
it serves to neutralize any contaminant vapors emitted from within the permeable material. Because STB
decomposes, the protective coating should be renewed at least every 24 hours. If the protective coating is
compromised by abrasion or traffic, vapors may again become a hazard and the STB protective coating
must be renewed.
D-6. Following decontamination, it is possible to leave the STB—depending on the surface type.
However, STB should be thoroughly rinsed from metal surfaces immediately following the specified
30-minute contact time. The metal surface should then be oiled or greased to prevent corrosion. On porous
surfaces, such as wood, several applications of STB may be necessary. When decontamination is complete,
the surface may be flushed with water and the resulting STB slurry removed.
D-7. Due to its caustic nature, STB may cause serious degradation of electronic equipment and
components; therefore, contact with these sensitive materials should be avoided. STB is corrosive to most
metals and injurious to most fabrics, resulting in significant reductions in the lifecycles of these items. In
addition, STB has a slight effect on other nonmetals and a moderate effect on sealants. STB may explode
when heated to temperatures above 300°F.
DECONTAMINATING AGENT, HIGH-TEST HYPOCHLORITE
D-8. Decontaminating agent, HTH is a type of bleach—available in granular or tablet form—that contains
a minimum of 70 percent calcium hypochlorite. It is used to decontaminate individuals and personal
protective material. HTH contains a higher percentage of chlorine than STB does; therefore, it is more
corrosive. When decontamination operations include a prerinse and postrinse, HTH does not blister the
paint on vehicles that have not been treated with chemical agent resistant coating (CARC); however, it may
cause severe metal corrosion.
D-9. HTH is an oxidizer; thus, violent reactions and fires may result when it is in close proximity to fuels,
oils, greases, paints, organic solvents, cellulose products, and any other material that is easily oxidized.
Therefore, HTH should be kept isolated from these materials. In addition, HTH also reacts with rags,
fabrics, detergent, antifreeze, and ammonia. When heated, HTH decomposes to chlorine gas, phosgene,
D-2
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Standard Decontaminants
and other toxic and corrosive fumes so it should not be used near heat sources or open flames.
Furthermore, it should not be stored near heat sources, in areas adjacent to ammunition storage, or in areas
where the maximum temperature exceeds 100°F under normal operating conditions. Contact with moisture
causes the formation of toxic chlorine gas, which may pose a problem in the event that HTH is accidentally
sprayed with small amounts of water during firefighting operations. This reaction may be controlled by
drenching the area with excess water. Due to volatility, containers used for holding oxidizers should have
warning labels indicating the reactivity and associated hazards. Stowage areas must be kept cool, dry, and
well ventilated. HTH has a shelf life of 2 years; an expiration date is printed on each bottle.
D-10. HTH is most effective when it is in solution with a detergent. The detergent dissolves the
contaminant and brings it into contact with the hypochlorite, allowing a chemical reaction to take place.
When preparing HTH decontamination solutions, the HTH should first be added to water and mixed until it
is dissolved. The detergent should then be added to the mixture and the mixture stirred thoroughly.
Additional information regarding the preparation of HTH solutions is available in Table D-1 and Table D-
2.
WARNING
Never add water to HTH or add HTH
to water with which detergent has
already been mixed. A dangerous
reaction may result in either case.
Table D-1. Preparation of Decontamination Solution Using HTH
(6-Ounce Bottles)
% HTH solution
4 gal water +
10 gal water +
20 gal water +
3 oz detergent
9 oz detergent
13 oz detergent
1
1
2
4.5
2
2
5
9.5
3
3
7
14
5
5
12
24
10
9
22
44
Table D-2. Preparation of Decontamination Solution Using HTH (Granular)
Quantity of
Quantity of HTH (granular)
Quantity of HTH (granular) necessary
water
necessary to give 5% available
to give 0.2% available chlorine
chlorine (50,000 ppm)
(2,000 ppm)
40 gal
25 lb
1.0 lb
5 gal
3 lb
2.0 oz (5 Tbs)
1 gal
10 oz (1 to 0.5 c)
0.5 oz (1 Tbs)
1 qt
2.5 oz (6 Tbs)
0.1 oz (1 Tbs)
M100 SORBENT DECONTAMINANT SYSTEM
D-11. The M100 Sorbent Decontaminant System (SDS) is a contamination removal medium composed of
free-flowing, reactive, highly absorptive powder manufactured from aluminum oxide. Each M100 SDS
consists of two 0.7-pound packs of reactive, sorbent powder; two wash mitt type sorbent applicators; a
case; straps; and detailed instructions. An optional chemical agent-resistant mounting bracket is also
available. The M100 SDS has replaced the M11 and M13 portable decontamination apparatuses. The
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
D-3
Appendix D
M100 mounting bracket was designed with the same mounting hole configuration as the M11s, allowing
for easy replacement.
REACTIVE SKIN DECONTAMINATION LOTION
D-12. Reactive skin decontamination lotion (RSDL) is a bright yellow, viscous liquid impregnated into a
sponge pad, which is packaged as a single unit in a heat-sealed foil pouch. The RSDL is spread onto skin
suspected of having become exposed to chemical agents or toxins as soon as possible after the exposure
occurs. The RSDL reacts with these chemical substances, rapidly neutralizing them so that they are non
toxic. The resulting liquid can then be removed with water. The FDA has approved RSDL for use by the
U.S. military and the first-responder community.
STANDARD EXPEDIENT DECONTAMINANTS
D-13. Standard expedient decontaminants are those substances that, due to their physical and chemical
properties, allow for reasonably predictable outcomes when used in decontamination operations. Although
many of these items are available through the military supply system, they are not intended primarily for
use in decontamination operations. Rather, their use as decontaminants is a secondary, off-label
application.
SOAP OR DETERGENT
D-14. Soap or detergent provides a good cleansing medium for the removal of dirt, grease, or other
contamination from personnel and items such as clothing and aircraft. The use of hot, soapy water is
effective against G series agents, it slowly destroys V series agents, and it emulsifies and carries off (but
does not neutralize) mustard agents. Soap solutions may be used in bucket-and-broom processes as well as
in many standard power-driven decontamination apparatuses. Although soapy water remains effective as
long as suds are maintained, a solution of 10 pounds of soap in 11 gallons of water is recommended for
decontamination operations involving G series agents.
CAUSTIC SODA (SODIUM HYDROXIDE OR LYE)
D-15. Caustic soda is a white solid that dissolves easily in water or alcohol. The chemical name for caustic
soda is sodium hydroxide; however, it is commonly referred to as lye.
Caustic soda/water solution. A solution of caustic soda and water destroys G-series agents on
contact and hastens the hydrolysis of lewisite. Mustard agents, however, are destroyed only after
prolonged contact. Water solutions of caustic soda are effective in most concentrations, but in
general, the more concentrated the solution, the faster the decontamination process. A 5 percent
solution
(prepared by dissolving
5 pounds of caustic soda in
12 gallons of water) is
recommended. However, cotton and woolen clothing are greatly deteriorated by even a 5
percent solution. In addition to concentration, temperature also affects the rate of
decontamination. Hot solutions tend to work faster than cold ones.
Caustic soda/alcohol solution. A solution of caustic soda and alcohol is effective against agents
3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (BZ) and VX. Alcoholic solutions of caustic soda may be prepared by
dissolving 5 pounds of caustic soda in a mixture consisting of 6 gallons of water and 6 gallons
of alcohol.
D-16. Caustic soda burns human tissue and eats away clothing on contact. Inhalation of the dust or
concentrated mist damages the respiratory system. Ingestion damages the digestive tract. Therefore, the use
of a mask and gloves is mandatory when handling caustic soda. Skin that comes in contact with either the
solid or solution form of caustic soda must be flushed immediately with copious amounts of water, and
associated clothing must be removed at once. If the eyes are involved, they must be flushed with warm
water and medical treatment must be sought immediately.
D-17. The process of dissolving caustic soda into solution generates a considerable amount of heat;
therefore, containers of the solution must not be handled with bare hands. In addition, solutions should not
be prepared in aluminum, magnesium, tin, or zinc containers because contact with these metals can result
in the formation of flammable hydrogen gas. Iron or steel containers, however, are suitable. Glass or
D-4
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Standard Decontaminants
earthenware containers may be used in emergencies, provided the solution is constantly stirred to keep the
temperature down.
WASHING SODA (SODA ASH OR LAUNDRY SODA)
D-18. Washing soda is a white powder with alkaline properties. Common names include “soda ash” and
“laundry soda.” Commercial grades may contain large amounts of sodium carbonate. Solutions of washing
soda are very effective against G series agents. In addition, hot solutions are effective in combating CN
contamination. However, washing soda does not destroy blister agents as readily as caustic soda or sodium
hypochlorite do, nor does washing soda destroy V series agents as readily as sodium hypochlorite does.
AMMONIA AND AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE
D-19. Ammonia (NH3) and ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH)—a liquid solution of ammonia in a water
base—are effective decontaminants for several chemical agents. Although ammonia may be used against
G series agents, it acts more slowly than caustic soda (or even caustic potash—another agent that may be
used as a neutralizer). Ammonia is incompatible with copper, copper alloys, acids, galvanized iron, zinc,
aluminum, bronze, dimethyl sulphate, mercury, and alkali metals.
COMMON SOLVENTS
D-20. Common organic liquids (such as kerosene, alcohol, and deicing fluids) may be used as solvents for
many chemical agents. Solvents work not by destroying the agents, but by dissolving and removing them
from contaminated surfaces. The solvents must be used carefully to avoid spreading contamination.
Contaminated surfaces are wiped several times using swabs saturated with solvent. The number of times an
area is swabbed is determined by the amount of grease on the surface, the amount of contamination
present, and whether the area is to be treated with another decontaminant. Swabs are replaced as necessary.
D-21. Most organic solvents are fire hazards, and some are toxic; therefore, suitable safety precautions
should be observed when using solvents for decontamination operations. In addition, swabs used to wipe
agents from contaminated surfaces become contaminated themselves and must, therefore, be disposed of as
contaminated waste. The cloth end of the swab must not be allowed to touch bare skin or clothing.
DEGREASING SOLVENT
D-22. Self-emulsifying degreasing solvent is a noncorrosive liquid that may be diluted with water or
kerosene. It is commonly used to clean automotive engines and aircraft by removing grease and oily dirt. It
may also be used in decontamination operations to remove chemical agents that are held by the grease and
oil. The degreasing solvent is applied to contaminated equipment and allowed to remain in contact with the
equipment for 15 minutes or more, depending on the degree of contamination. Water—preferably under
pressure—is then used to remove the solvent and flush the dirt, grease, oil, and chemical agents from the
equipment. Contaminated waste must be disposed of properly.
ABSORBENTS
D-23. Absorbents are various materials used to absorb and remove—but not destroy—chemical agents.
Soil, clay, dust, charcoal, coal, and sawdust are examples of items that may be used as absorbents.
Absorbents are contaminated after use and must, therefore, be handled as contaminated waste.
ADSORBENTS
D-24. An adsorbent adheres—or becomes mechanically or chemically attached—to a chemical agent, but
does not destroy the agent. After use, the adsorbent is contaminated and must, therefore, be handled as
contaminated waste.
HOUSEHOLD BLEACH
D-25. Household bleach is composed of 2-6 percent (by weight) sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in water. It
is useful for cleaning items contaminated with all types of microorganisms and most chemical agents.
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
D-5
Appendix D
Although household bleach causes the metal parts of vehicles to corrode, it may be used for vehicle wash-
down if decontamination is indeed required, a 5 percent available chlorine solution is needed, and the lack
of water is a concern (see FM 3-11.5, Appendix C).
NATURAL DECONTAMINANTS
D-26. Natural forms of decontamination include earth, water, fire, and weathering. A full discussion of the
considerations and recommendations, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of this approach, is
available in FM 3.11.5, Appendix C.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
D-27. Reference information for military standard decontaminants, standard expedient decontaminants, and
natural decontaminants is presented in Tables D-3 through D-5 (pages D-7 through D-19).
D-6
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Standard Decontaminants
Table D-3. Standard Military Decontaminants
STB (NSN 6850-00-297-6653)
Target
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
agent
Chemical
Allow 30 min of contact;
Produces a very strong exothermic
Slurry paste: Consists of
G agents
rinse with clear water.
reaction on contact with liquid blister
equal parts (by weight) STB
V agents
agent or DS2.
and water. Mix one 50-lb
Is not effective against
Lewisite
drum of STB with 6 gal of
mustard agent if it has
Gives off toxic vapors on contact
water.
Biological
solidified at low
with G agents.
temperatures.
Dry mix: Mix two shovelfuls
Is not recommended for ship use.
of STB to three shovelfuls of
Apply several times to
Store on top deck only.
earth or inert material
porous surfaces.
Do not inhale or allow it to touch
(ashes).
exposed skin.
Slurry mix, chemical:
Wear a protective mask or
Consists of 40 parts STB to
respiratory protective device when
60 parts water (by weight).
handling.
For M12A1 PDDA, chemical:
Store in an unheated warehouse,
Mix 1,300 lb of STB, 225 gal
away from combustibles and metals
of water, 12.5 lb of antiset,
subject to corrosion.
and 24 oz of antifoam.
Is corrosive to very corrosive to
Slurry mix, biological: Mix
most metals. Rinse thoroughly, dry,
7 parts STB to 93 parts
and oil metal surfaces following
water (by weight).
decontamination. Has a slight effect
For M12A1 PDDA,
on nonmetals. Is damaging to most
biological: Mix 150 lb of STB,
fabrics. Has a moderate effect on
225 gal of water, 12.5 lb of
sealants.
antiset, and 24 oz of
antifoam.
Camouflage: Lampblack or
dye mixes may be added for
camouflage.
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
D-7
Appendix D
Table D-3. Standard Military Decontaminants (continued)
Calcium hypochlorite (HTH or HTB) (NSN 6810-00-255-0471: 6 oz; NSN 6810-01-225-2682: 25 lb;
NSN 6810-00-225-0472: 100 lb)
Target
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
agent
Chemical
Reacts rapidly (within
Produces a very strong exothermic
Chemical: Mix 5 lb of
G agents
5 min) with mustard agents
reaction on contact with liquid blister
decontaminant to 6 gal of
V agents
and lewisite.
agent or DS2.
water (10% solution).
Lewisite
Acts faster than STB.
Gives off toxic vapors on contact
Biological: Mix 1 lb of
Mustards
with G agents.
decontaminant to 6 gal of
Allow 15 min of contact for
Biological,
water (2% solution).
biological agents.
Is not recommended for ship use.
including
Store on top deck only.
PDDE: Mix a slurry of 1 part
Can be used as a dry mix
bacterial
decontaminant to 2 parts
or slurry.
Do not inhale or allow it to touch
spores
water. (A heavier slurry clogs
exposed skin.
Is the standard shipboard
the decontamination
oxidizer for chemical
Wear a protective mask or
apparatus.)
decontamination.
respiratory protective device when
handling.
Store in an unheated warehouse,
away from combustibles and metals
subject to corrosion.
Is corrosive to very corrosive to
most metals. Has a slight effect on
nonmetals. Is damaging to most
fabrics. Has a moderate effect on
sealants. Rinse thoroughly, and oil
metal surfaces.
Pure HTH burns on contact with VX
and HD.
Has toxic vapors; burns skin.
Wear a minimum of a protective
mask and rubber gloves when
handling.
Use HTH only if STB is not
available.
Is more corrosive than STB.
Destroys clothing.
D-8
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Standard Decontaminants
Table D-3. Standard Military Decontaminants (continued)
Mask sanitizing solution
Target
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
agent
Chemical
Use on a previously
Is harmful to skin and clothing if
Fill a standard plastic
cleaned mask with filter
undiluted; remove by flushing with
canteen to the shoulder with
Biological
elements/canisters
water.
water. Add a 0.5-g tube of
removed.
calcium hypochlorite from
the water purification kit
Place the mask face up,
Is corrosive to metals unless they
(NSN 6810-00-266-6976).
and attach the canteen to
are rinsed, dried, and lubricated
Cover the canteen, and
the mask at the drinking
following decontamination.
shake vigorously for 30 sec.
tube. Drain one canteen full
of sanitizing solution
Mix bulk quantities as
through the mask. Rinse
follows: Add 2.0 g of calcium
the mask with two canteens
hypochlorite from a 6-oz jar
of clear water. Immerse the
(NSN 6810-00-255-0471) to
mask and outserts in the
1 gal of water.
sanitizing solution. Agitate
Use a ratio of about 1 lb of
the mask for 5 min. Rinse it
soap per gal of water for
twice in clear water,
smaller amounts of solution.
agitating
Mix 2 pt of detergent to
2-3 min each time. Dry all
450 gal of water in the
parts of the mask, and
M12A1 PDDA.
reassemble.
Use 1 gal of solution for
every 10 masks.
Soap and detergents: detergent, GP, liquid (NSN 7930-00-282-9699)
Target
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
agent
Physical
Scrub or wipe the
Casualty-producing levels of
Mix 75 lb of powdered soap
removal only
contaminated surface with a
contamination may remain in the
in 350 gal of water. If
hot, soapy water solution,
runoff so it must be considered
powdered soap is not
or immerse the item in the
contaminated.
available, use bar laundry
solution.
soap (75 lb of soap cut into
1-in pieces and dissolved in
350 gal of hot water).
Use a ratio of about 1 lb of
soap per gal of water for
smaller amounts of soap
solution.
Mix 2 pt of detergent to
450 gal of water in an
M12A1 PDDA.
M100 SDS
Target
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
agent
Physical
Use on contaminated
Nontoxic and noncorrosive.
Packaged ready to use.
removal of
equipment to remove and
Requires no water/mixing to
Use at temperatures of 25o-120°F.
all—limited
neutralize chemical agents
complete mission.
Decontaminates a 12.5-m2 surface
efficacy
from surfaces.
contaminated with 10 g of agent per
m2 in less than 15 min.
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
D-9
Appendix D
Table D-3. Standard Military Decontaminants (continued)
RSDL
Target
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
agent
G and V
Apply RSDL to the
Mild eye irritant.
Packaged ready to use.
nerve
suspected contamination
Requires no mixing to
agents;
site with a vigorous
complete mission.
vesicants,
scrubbing action. Don
such as
protective clothing over the
mustard
RSDL.
D-10
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Standard Decontaminants
Table D-4. Standard Expedient Decontaminants
Sodium hypochlorite (household bleach)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Chemical
Reacts rapidly (within 5 min)
Harms skin and clothing if
For chemical
V agents
with blister and V agents.
undiluted.
decontamination, no mixing
Blister agents
is required.
Allow 10-15-min of contact for
Remove from skin and
G agents
biological agents.
clothing by flushing with
For biological
Biological
water.
decontamination, dilute by
Apply undiluted with brooms,
adding 2 parts bleach to
Radiological
brushes, or swabs.
Stored in a cool place.
10 parts water.
Limited storage is a
Is an approved decontaminant
problem.
For cotton clothing and
for ship use. A 5:1
utensil decontamination,
concentration is recommended.
Corrodes metals unless
dilute 2 c of bleach to 1 gal
rinsed, dried, and lubricated
of water.
after decontamination.
For application, mix with
equal parts water and spray
from the PDDE.
Note. The reaction time between sodium hypochlorite and G series agents is slower than with V or H series
agents.
Ethylene glycol
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Chemical-
Scrub on contaminated
Removes contamination
Mix equal parts solution and
physical removal
surfaces, and rinse thoroughly.
only; does not neutralize.
water.
only
Runoff residue must be
considered contaminated.
Solvents (gasoline, DP8, diesel fuel, kerosene, and similar solvents)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Chemical-
Scrub on contaminated
Removes contamination
None.
physical removal
surfaces and rinse thoroughly.
only; does not neutralize.
only
Runoff residue must be
considered contaminated.
Sodium carbonate (washing soda, soda ash, or laundry soda)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Chemical
Reacts rapidly (normally within
Do not use against VX.
Mix 10 lb of washing soda to
G agents
5 min) with G agents.
Cannot detoxify VX, and
12 gal of water (10%
CN
extremely toxic byproducts
solution).
Is an approved decontaminant
are created.
for ship use.
Does not dissolve or
Use with a hot solution to
detoxify mustard agents.
decontaminate CN effectively.
There is no problem with
Has a recommended
storage.
concentration of 5% by weight.
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
D-11
Appendix D
Table D-4. Standard Expedient Decontaminants (continued)
Ammonia or ammonium hydroxide (household ammonia)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Chemical
Slower-acting than sodium
May require the use of
No mixing is required.
G agents
hydroxide or potassium
SCBA or a special-purpose
hydroxide.
mask.
Note. Ammonium hydroxide is a water solution of ammonia.
Diethyl ether
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Chemical
Good decontaminant for use in
Is extremely flammable.
None.
arctic regions. Freezing point is
Does not neutralize agents.
-241°F; boiling point is 93°F.
Available through medical
supply facilities.
2-propanone (acetone)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Chemical-
Effective for dissolving and
Is extremely flammable.
None.
physical removal
flushing agent.
Does not neutralize agents.
only
Good for use in arctic regions.
Freezing point is -203°F; boiling
point is 133°F. (It evaporates
rapidly.)
Commonly obtained as
fingernail polish remover or
paint thinner.
Hexachloramelamine
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Chemical
Not soluble in water, but soluble
Requires the use of a
Not soluble in water, but
Mustard
in organic solvents such as
protective mask and rubber
soluble in organic solvents
gasoline, kerosene, and paint
gloves.
such as gasoline, kerosene,
thinner.
and paint thinner.
Corrodes metal.
Dichloramine-B and dichloramine-T
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Chemical
Effective in the neutralization of
Require the use of a
Not soluble in water, but
Mustard
mustard agents.
protective mask and rubber
soluble in certain organic
gloves.
solvents. Normally mixed as
a 10% solution in
Corrodes metal.
dichloroethane.
Perchloroethylene (tetrachloroethylene)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Chemical-
Use in arctic climates. Freezing
Removes contamination
Requires no mixing. (Is
physical removal
point is -8°F; boiling point is
only; does not neutralize.
practically insoluble in
only
250°F.
Runoff residue must be
water.)
considered contaminated.
Dissolves H and V agents, but
not G agents.
Is nonflammable.
Requires no mixing. (Practically
Has low toxicity.
insoluble in water.)
Is a synthetic solvent widely
used in dry cleaning plants.
D-12
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Standard Decontaminants
Table D-4. Standard Expedient Decontaminants (continued)
NaOH (sodium hydroxide) (NSN 6810-00-174-6581: 100 lb)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Chemical
Neutralizes G agents on
Damages skin, eyes, and
Small amount: Mix 10 lb of
G agents
contact.
clothes and can cause upper
lye with 12 gal of water
Lewisite
respiratory or lung damage if
(10% solution) in an iron or
Allow 15 min of contact.
inhaled. Wash affected area
steel container (never
Biological
Flush with large amounts of
immediately with large
aluminum, zinc, or tin). Add
agents, including
clear water.
amounts of water, and flush
lye to the water slowly to
bacterial spores
Use while hot.
with diluted acetic acid or
prevent boiling and
Causes a red color change
vinegar. Remove affected
splattering due to heat
upon contact with M8 detector
clothing. If eyes are involved,
emission. Do not handle
paper.
flush them at once with large
mixing container with bare
amounts of warm water, and
hands.
Is effective in direct proportion
seek medical attention.
to the strength of the solution.
Large amount (PDDE use):
Requires the use of full
Prepare a solution of 0.5 lb
rubber protective clothing,
of lye for each gal of water.
gloves, boots, and mask.
Pump 350 gal of water into
the tank unit. Make
Runoff is highly corrosive
necessary PDDA
and toxic. Drain runoff into a
connections. Heat water to
sump, mark, and bury.
122°F. Disconnect heater
Is not recommended for ship
unit, and add 175 lb of lye to
use. Store on top deck only.
heated water. Circulate
Is not recommended if less
solution with pump unit until
toxic caustic decontaminants
all lye is dissolved.
are available.
Temperature will increase
Substitute with calcium
noticeably. Use while hot.
hydroxide, potassium
Simultaneous mixing and
hydroxide, or trisodium
applying: Sprinkle dry lye on
phosphate if necessary.
the contaminated area and
Corrodes most metals.
then dissolve with a spray of
steam or hot water. Do not
wash lye off the surface
while applying steam or hot
water.
Paint removal: 1 lb of lye
per 2.5 gal of water is
capable of removing an
average coat of paint from
about 11 yd2 of surface.
This solution is effective in
removing paint on which
chemical contamination has
adsorbed.
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
D-13
Appendix D
Table D-4. Standard Expedient Decontaminants (continued)
Potassium hydroxide (caustic potash)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Chemical
Neutralizes G agents on
Damages skin, eyes, and
Small amount: Mix 10 lb of
G agents
contact.
clothes and can cause upper
lye with 12 gal of water
Lewisite
respiratory or lung damage if
(10% solution) in an iron or
Allow 15 min of contact.
inhaled. Wash affected area
steel container (never
Biological
Flush with large amounts of
immediately with large
aluminum, zinc, or tin). Add
clear water.
amounts of water, and flush
lye to the water slowly to
Use while hot.
with diluted acetic acid or
prevent boiling and
Causes a red color change
vinegar. Remove affected
splattering due to heat
upon contact with M8 detector
clothing. If eyes are
emission. Do not handle
paper.
involved, flush them at once
mixing container with bare
with large amounts of warm
hands.
Is effective in direct proportion
water, and seek medical
to the strength of the solution.
Large amount (PDDE use):
attention.
Prepare a solution of 0.5 lb
Requires the use of full
of lye for each gal of water.
rubber protective clothing,
Pump 350 gal of water into
gloves, boots, and mask.
the tank unit. Make
necessary PDDA
Runoff is highly corrosive
connections. Heat water to
and toxic. Drain runoff into a
122°F. Disconnect heater
sump, mark, and bury.
unit, and add 175 lb of lye to
Is not recommended for ship
heated water. Circulate
use. Store on top deck only.
solution with pump unit until
Is not recommended if less
all lye is dissolved.
toxic caustic decontaminants
Temperature will increase
are available.
noticeably. Use while hot.
Substitute with calcium
Simultaneous mixing and
hydroxide, potassium
applying: Sprinkle dry lye on
hydroxide, or trisodium
the contaminated area and
phosphate if necessary.
then dissolve with a spray of
Corrodes most metals.
steam or hot water. Do not
wash lye off the surface
while applying steam or hot
water.
Paint removal: 1 lb of lye
per 2.5 gal of water is
capable of removing an
average coat of paint from
about 11 yd2 of surface.
This solution is effective in
removing paint on which
chemical contamination has
adsorbed.
Detrochlorite
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Biological
Use the thickened bleach on
Explosive if the wetting
Mix (by weight) 19.3%
vertical surfaces.
agent and calcium
diatomaceous earth, 0.5%
hypochlorite are mixed in a
anionic wetting agent, 2.9 %
Allow 30-min of contact; rinse
dry and undiluted state.
calcium hypochlorite (70%
with water.
available chlorine), and
Very corrosive.
Apply by means of the PDDA.
77.3% water.
(Coverage is 1 gal per 8 yd2.)
Mix wetting agent and
diatomaceous earth with
water before adding the
calcium hypochlorite.
D-14
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Standard Decontaminants
Table D-4. Standard Expedient Decontaminants (continued)
Iodine water purification tablets
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Biological
Use when impractical to boil
None
None.
drinking water.
Use two iodine tablets per
canteen. This is effective against
most biological agents.
Ethylene oxide
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Biological,
Apply 30 lb for every 1,000 ft3.
Flammable and explosive.
None.
including
Allow 6 hr of contact. (Contact
Not recommended for
bacterial spores
time must be doubled for each
interior use.
20°F drop in temperature below
75°F.)
Use in an airtight enclosure.
Disinfectant chlorine (NSN 6840-00-270-8172)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Biological
Use to decontaminate utensils,
Dispose of any food or
Dissolve one package of
mess gear, exteriors of sealed
vegetables that are
disinfectant in 20 gal of
containers, and food products
damaged and any outer
warm (100°F) potable
that can withstand soaking.
leaves that are bruised or
water.
torn.
Allow 30 min of contact (stirring
occasionally).
Do not cut or peel fruits and
vegetables before
Rinse thoroughly in potable
disinfecting.
water.
Use solution only once.
Make fresh solutions for rinsing
and disinfecting utensils for each
100 persons.
Prepare an emergency solution
by mixing one level MRE
spoonful of calcium hypochlorite
(water disinfecting powder) to
each 10 gal of water.
Use about 1/3 canteen cup of
5% liquid chlorine bleach (if
available) to each 10 gal of
water.
Hyamine (benzethonium chloride)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Biological
Allow 5 to 30 min of contact.
Very toxic. Estimated fatal
Use a 0.1%-1% solution. (1
dose to man is
lb of hyamine for every 12
Use a 0.1%-1% solution (1 lb of
1-3 g. Care should be taken
gal of water yields a 1%
hyamine for every 12 gal of
when mixing to avoid
solution.)
water yields a 1% solution.)
inhalation of powder.
Not to be used on aircraft or
ships.
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
D-15
Appendix D
Table D-4. Standard Expedient Decontaminants (continued)
Formalin (formaldehyde)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Biological,
Use for interior decontamination
Is corrosive.
No mixing is required.
including
of relatively close areas.
However, less residue
Curls and discolors paper.
bacterial spores
remains and less aeration
Allow vapors to remain 16 hr in a
Leaves a white residue.
is required if a mixture of 5
closed structure; aerate until the
Vapors are very toxic.
parts formalin and 3 parts
odor is no longer objectionable.
Vapors are not flammable.
methanol is used.
Spray formalin at 70°-80°F with
Open flame should not be
A 0.8 qt mixture should be
85% relative humidity for
used for vaporizing when
used per 1,000 ft3 of
optimum conditions. Spray at
methanol has been added to
space.
70% relative humidity for minimal
the agent.
effectiveness.
When steam is used, the
Increase exposure time to 24 hr
source of the steam should
at 60°F.
be outside the area being
Apply as a vapor from standard
decontaminated.
insecticide sprayers or vaporize
Personnel entering an area
by heat or bubbling steam from a
containing formalin vapors
pan.
should—
• Wear a protective mask.
• Wear washable outer
clothing that is fastened to
prevent vapors from entering
at wrists, ankles, or neck.
• Remove outer clothing
after emerging from vapors.
• Shower and put on clean
clothing as soon as possible.
Peracetic acid (PAA)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Biological,
Allow 10 min of contact.
Burns and blisters skin.
Is available as a 40%
including
solution.
Wipe with a rag or swab
Fumes are highly irritating.
bacterial spores
(immerse small items). Remove
Mix 1 qt PAA to 3.5 gal
May explode if heavy-metal
excess acid and aerate for 10-
water. (Add PAA to the
ions come in contact with the
15 min or until no objectionable
water.)
agent.
odor remains.
Protective mask and clothing
Is available as a 40% solution.
are required.
Mix 1 qt of PAA to 3.5 gal of
A 40% solution has a low
water. (Add PAA to the water.)
flash point (105°F); a 3%
solution is nonflammable.
Is stored in original
containers under
refrigeration to prevent
decomposition.
Corrodes iron with prolonged
exposure. Deteriorates
rubber, plastic, and leather;
and damages most other
materials.
D-16
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Standard Decontaminants
Table D-4. Standard Expedient Decontaminants (continued)
Carbon dioxide and ethylene oxide mixture (>87% ethylene oxide)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Biological
Use in an airtight enclosure.
Is nonflammable.
None.
(Recommended for interior use.)
Blisters skin.
Allow 12 hr of contact (doubled
for each 20°F drop in
temperature below 75°F).
Apply 30 lb for every 1,000 ft3.
Aerate items next to the skin for
18 to 24 hr.
Oxidizing agents (nitric acid, aqua regia, sodium dichromate, and potassium permanganate)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Radiological
Dissolves surfaces containing
Use only under the
Aqua regia is prepared by
absorbed radioactive
supervision of a trained
mixing 3 parts
contamination.
individual.
concentrated hydrochloric
acid and 1 part
Apply to the surface or dip the
Use a neoprene or rubber
concentrated nitric acid.
item. Rinse thoroughly with
protective apron, gloves,
water and detergent and then
boots, and safety glasses.
Other oxidizing agents do
with clear water.
(Rubber offers only limited
not require mixing.
protection.)
Is extremely corrosive;
exposure must be limited.
Complexing agents (versene, citric acid, sequesterene, sodium citrate, tartanic acid, sodium oxalate,
sodium tartrategoxalic acid, othophosphoric acid, and similar agents)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Radiological-
Allow 30 min of contact; flush
Does not neutralize
Mix 3%-5% of the agent
physical removal
with water.
contamination. Runoff will
(by weight) in water.
only.
be contaminated.
Apply as a film over the surface
using the PDDE, firefighting
apparatus, or a tree or garden
sprayer.
Acids (sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid, and similar acids)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Radiological
Dissolves rust and mineral
Requires the use of
None.
deposits holding radioactive
respiratory protection in
material on metal surfaces.
closed areas. May require
the use of rubber boots,
Allow 1 hr of contact.
gloves, aprons, and
Flush with water, scrub with a
goggles.
water-detergent solution, and
Can produce boiling and
flush again with water.
splattering of the solution
when mixed.
Is difficult to handle and
harmful to the body,
especially the eyes. Flush
the area immediately with
water. Use a 5% solution of
water and baking soda
(sodium bicarbonate).
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
D-17
Appendix D
Table D-4. Standard Expedient Decontaminants (continued)
Sealants (concrete, asphalt, earth, paint and similar materials)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Physical seal
Sealants are used to physically
A break in the surface of the
only
seal in or shield contamination.
sealant exposes the
contamination.
Chemical
Chemical: 4 in of earth provides
good protection.
Contaminated areas
Biological
covered with sealants must
Biological: Burial of items is an
Radiological
be marked with appropriate
effective means of sealing off
CBRN warning signs.
contamination.
Radiological:
12 in of earth provides good
protection from fallout. (3 in
reduces the dose rate by about
one-half.)
1 in of asphalt or concrete
completely absorbs alpha and
beta radiation.
0.25 in of grout shields
alpha and beta radiation.
D-18
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Standard Decontaminants
Table D-5. Natural Decontaminants
Water
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Physical removal
Can be used to flush
Effective in physically
None.
only
contamination from surfaces.
removing contamination, but
does not neutralize it.
Chemical
Hot water with soap increases
effectiveness in removing
Do not use water on lewisite.
Biological
agents.
Radiological
Boiling for 15 min (30 min at
high altitude) destroys biological
agents.
Seawater
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Physical removal
Removes but does not
None.
only
neutralize contamination.
Steam
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Chemical
Removes but does not
Effective in physically
None.
neutralize contamination.
removing contamination, but
Biological
does not neutralize it.
Radiological
Absorbents (earth, sawdust, ashes, rags, and similar materials)
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Physical removal
Used to physically remove gross
Contamination is transferred
None.
only
contamination from surfaces.
from the surface to the
absorbent.
Chemical
The absorbent becomes
Biological
contaminated and must be
Radiological
disposed of accordingly.
Contamination sufficient to
produce casualties may well
remain on surfaces.
Weather/time
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Chemical
UV light kills most bio-organism
None.
agents and organisms, and
Biological
radioactive substances decay
Radiological
over time.
Burning
Target agent
Use
Caution/safety
Preparation
Chemical
Removes but does not
Creates downwind hazards.
None.
neutralize contamination.
Biological
Requires that sentries be
posted to keep people out of
the danger area.
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
D-19
This page is intentionally left blank.
Appendix E
Sample Documents
This chapter implements Standardization
Agreement (STANAG) 4359.
The forms, documentation, and reports described in this appendix are for use in TE
battalion operations. Escort operations, sampling operations, and reporting criteria
are discussed.
ESCORT OPERATIONS
E-1.
The following documents are used by TE battalion S-3s, TEOs, and ground teams:
Technical escort officer memorandum. A sample memorandum for the TEO containing special
orders, use of force, and special instructions involving the use of weapons during off-post escort
missions is provided as Figure E-1, page E-2.
Trip report for air escort. The TEO completes this report to record mission actions. It is then
forwarded from the TEO to the TE battalion commander, with reviews conducted by the S-3. A
sample trip report for air escort is provided as Figure E-2, page E-6.
Trip report for ground team escort. The ground team leader completes this report to record
mission actions. It is included as an attachment to the TEO memorandum. A sample trip report
for ground team escort is provided as Figure E-3, page E-10.
Toxic pickup team equipment checklist. The TEO uses this checklist as a task and equipment
checklist. A sample checklist is provided as figure E-4, page E-3.
Risk assessment matrix/worksheet. The TEO or designated team leader completes this
worksheet on the day of the mission. The purpose of the worksheet is to determine the risk
associated with mission completion on the scheduled delivery date. It is included as an
attachment to both the ground and operational trip reports. A sample risk assessment
matrix/worksheet is provided as Figure E-5, page E-18.
Aircraft commander’s/ship captain’s briefing. The TEO uses this document to brief the aircraft
commander or ship captain on the nature of the mission. It is included as an attachment to the
TEO’s operational trip report. A sample aircraft commander’s/ship captain’s briefing is
provided as Figure E-6, page E-19.
Off-post mission worksheet. The TE battalion S-3 uses this worksheet in planning off-post
escorts. A sample off-post mission worksheet is provided as Figure E-7, page E-20.
Mission planning/briefing worksheet. The TEO uses this worksheet to brief the TE team
members. A sample mission planning/briefing worksheet is provided as Figure E-8, page E-24.
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-1
Appendix E
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
XX Chemical Battalion (Technical Escort)
Street Address
City, State ZIP+4
OFFICE SYMB OL
Date
MEMORANDUM FOR Technical Escort Officer
SUBJECT: Special Orders, Use of Force, and Special Instructions for Technical Escorts Off Post
1. Purpose. This order is applicable to all armed XX Chemical Battalion (CM BN) (TE) personnel
assigned to the movement of chemical or biological agents.
2. Special Orders.
a. Establish a limited area around the cargo. The site of the limited area is security-dependent
and is established by the technical escort officer (TEO). Use a minimum of six armed personnel when
in possession of cargo.
b. Strictly control entry into the limited area. No one enters without authority of the TEO or team
leader. The two-person rule is in effect. Access to the limited area is restricted to personnel listed on
the accompanying entry control roster (ECR).
c. Lock magazine into weapon when custody of the cargo is assumed. Chamber rounds only on
order of the TEO or team leader. If he is incapacitated, the senior team member gives the order.
Weapons must remain on “safe” at all times.
d. Carry, conceal, and holster 9-mm pistols on “safe” when performing off-post escorts. Carry
shotguns and M16/M4 rifles at port arms.
3. Use of Force.
a. Minimum force must be used to remove or disperse persons interfering with the technical
escort mission. If the mission continues to be hindered, local law enforcement authorities must be
contacted for assistance.
b. The use of force, including deadly force, is authorized under the following conditions:
(1) To prevent theft or sabotage of chemical or biological materials.
(2) To immediately recover unlawfully taken chemical or biological materials.
(3) To ensure immediate security of a penetrated limited area.
(4) In self-defense when in imminent danger of death or serious injury.
Figure E-1. Sample TEO Memorandum
E-2
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Sample Documents
OFFICE SYMBOL
SUBJECT: Special Orders, Use of Force, and Special Instructions for Technical Escorts Off Post
c. Prior to the use of deadly force, the following options should be considered in the order listed:
(1) Use of verbal persuasion.
(2) Use of chemical aerosol irritants or unarmed defense techniques.
(Note: Chemical
aerosol irritants are subject to local restrictions.)
(3) Presentation/threat of deadly force.
(4) Use of deadly force.
Note. Escort personnel are not to remove their weapons from their holsters unless
there is reasonable expectation that use of the weapon may be necessary.
d. Deadly force is justified only under conditions of extreme necessity and as a last resort, when
all lesser means have failed or cannot be employed. All other means must be exhausted.
e. If possible, when using a firearm—
(1) Give orders to halt before firing.
(2) Shoot with the intent to render persons incapable of continuing the activity or course of
behavior.
(3) Fire shots with regard for the safety of innocent bystanders. The security of the chemical
or biological material is paramount over the safety of hostages.
f.
Warning shots are prohibited.
g. You are a security guard—not a police officer. Do not engage in off-post civilian law
enforcement responsiblities/duties. Immediately notify authorities in the event of an incident.
h. Nothing in these rules limits your inherent right or responsibility to defend yourself and
members of your escort team.
i.
It is illegal to entrap someone in order to use deadly force.
j.
The presence of hostages must not deter taking decisive action to prevent unauthorized
access to or the capture or removal of chemical or biological material. The welfare and safety of any
hostage is to be considered in determining specific actions to take but, in all instances, the security of
the chemical or biological material is paramount.
Figure E-1. Sample TEO Memorandum (continued)
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-3
Appendix E
OFFICE SYMBOL
SUBJECT: Special Orders, Use of Force, and Special Instructions for Technical Escorts Off Post
4. Special Instructions.
a. Brief the team on the current FPCON level, the escort route, and the risk assessment prior to
movement.
b. Verbally transmit the duress code to the S-3 operations and team members.
c. Once the cargo has been delivered to the receiver, remove magazines from weapons in an
inconspicuous area outside the XX CM BN (TE) limited area as directed by the TEO or designated
team leader.
d. Under the supervision of the TEO or designated team leader, clear weapons in an approved
clearing barrel prior to turn-in.
e. After completing the mission, place weapons and ammunition in separate carrying cases.
Battalion Commander
LTC, CM
Commanding
Figure E-1. Sample TEO Memorandum (continued)
E-4
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Sample Documents
OFFICE SYMBOL
SUBJECT: Special Orders, Use of Force, and Special Instructions for Technical Escorts Off Post
Signature Record
WPN Serial
Auth
Printed name
Rank Signature
SSN
type
number
date
Privacy Act Statement
Authority: 10 USC 3012.
Purpose: To provide a means of positive identification of personnel moving chemical surety material.
To provide necessary and sufficient identifying data for ensuring that technical escort personnel
understand special orders connected with the movement of chemical surety material.
Routine uses: The proponent must indicate what agencies if any outside of DoD they plan to share
this information with.
Disclosure: Voluntary. Failure to disclose required information will result in the denial of participation
in surety duty.
Figure E-1. Sample TEO Memorandum (continued)
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-5
Appendix E
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
XX Chemical Battalion (Technical Escort)
Street Address
City, State ZIP+4
OFFICE SYMB OL
Date
MEMORANDUM THRU Technical Escort Officer
FOR Commander, XX Chemical Battalion (Technical Escort)
SUBJECT: Trip Report for Escort Mission Number
1. Background.
a. References.
(1) AR 50-6, AR 95-27, 49 CFR, and TM 38-250.
(2) XX CM BN (TE) SOP, Escort Letter of Instruction (LOI).
b. Mission.
c. Location.
2. Personnel.
a. XX CM BN (TE) personnel.
(1)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(6)
b. External points of contact (POCs).
Name
Organization
Phone
(1)
(2)
(3)
Figure E-2. Sample Trip Report for Air Escort
E-6
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Sample Documents
OFFICE SYMBOL
SUBJECT: Trip Report for Escort Mission Number
3. Execution.
a. Date of mission.
b. Time departed TE BN operations.
c. Time departed pickup location.
d. Time arrived TDY location.
e. Time deliveries completed.
1st
2d
3d
f. Time TE BN operations notified.
1st
2d
3d
g. TE BN personnel contacted.
1st
2d
3d
h. Intermediate stops.
Time
Time
Location
Reason
arrived
departed
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
i. Agents/materials transported.
Type
Quantity CSM/bio/other
Shipper
Receiver
(1)
(2)
(3)
Figure E-2. Sample Trip Report for Air Escort (continued)
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-7
Appendix E
OFFICE SYMBOL
SUBJECT: Trip Report for Escort Mission Number
j. Monitoring checks.
Type / Time taken / Test # / Results
Type / Time taken / Test # / Results
(1)
/
/
/
(6)
/
/
/
(2)
/
/
/
(7)
/
/
/
(3)
/
/
/
(8)
/
/
/
(4)
/
/
/
(9)
/
/
/
(5)
/
/
/
(10)
/
/
/
k. Mode of transportation and route.
(1) Aircraft
(2) Aircraft
(Type/tail #)
(Type/tail #)
to
to
to
to
to
to
4. Issues/Discussion.
5. Recommendations.
6. Attachments (if applicable).
a. Letter of appointment.
b. Letter of instruction.
c. Letter of identification.
d. Special orders, use of force, and special instructions for technical escorts off post.
e. Mission/planning briefing.
f. Toxic pickup team and equipment checklist.
g. Risk assessment matrix/worksheet.
h. Aircraft commander’s/ship captain’s briefing.
Figure E-2. Sample Trip Report for Air Escort (continued)
E-8
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Sample Documents
OFFICE SYMBOL
SUBJECT: Trip Report for Escort Mission Number
i. Off-post mission worksheet.
j. DA Form 1594, Daily Staff Journal or Duty Officer’s Log.
k. DD Form 1149, Requisition and Invoice/Shipping Document.
l. DD Form 1911, Materiel Courier Receipt.
m. DOT transportation papers.
n. Miscellaneous documentation (REPSHIPs, strip maps).
Reviewed by:
Prepared by:
Escort Officer
Technical Escort Officer
Operations Officer
TE BN S-3
Executive Officer (XO)
Deputy to the Commander
Commander, XX CM BN (TE)
Figure E-2. Sample Trip Report for Air Escort (continued)
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-9
Appendix E
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
XX Chemical Battalion (Technical Escort)
Street Address
City, State ZIP+4
OFFICE SYMB OL
Date
MEMORANDUM THRU Technical Escort Officer
FOR Commander, XX Chemical Battalion (Technical Escort)
SUBJECT: Trip Report for Ground Team Leader Number
1. Background.
a. References.
(1) AR 50-6, AR 95-27, 49 CFR, and TM 38-250.
(2) XX CM BN (TE) SOP, Escort Letter of Instruction (LOI),
b. Mission.
c. Location.
2. Personnel.
a. XX CM BN (TE) ground team personnel.
(1)
(3)
(2)
(4)
b. External points of contact (POCs).
Name
Organization
Phone
(1)
(2)
(3)
Figure E-3. Sample Trip Report for Ground Team Escort
E-10
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Sample Documents
OFFICE SYMBOL
SUBJECT: Trip Report for Ground Team Leader Number
3. Execution.
a. Dates of mission:
b. DTG departed home station:
c. DTG arrived TDY location:
d. DTG departed TDY location:
e. DTG coordination completed:
f. Local time TE S-3 operations notified:
g. TE BN person contacted:
1st
2d
3d
h. Intermediate stops/layovers:
Time
Time
Location
Reason
arrived
departed
(1)
(2)
i. Mode of transportation and route:
(1)
(2)
4. Issues/Discussion.
5. Recommendations.
6. Attachments (if applicable).
a. Letter of appointment.
b. Letter of instruction.
c. Letter of identification.
Figure E-3. Sample Trip Report for Ground Team Escort (continued)
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-11
Appendix E
OFFICE SYMBOL
SUBJECT: Trip Report for Ground Team Leader Number
d. Special orders, use of force, and special instructions for technical escorts off post.
e. Mission/planning briefing.
f. Toxic pickup team and equipment checklist.
g. Risk assessment matrix/worksheet.
h. Off-post mission worksheet.
i. DA Form 1594, Daily Staff Journal or Duty Officer’s Log.
j. DD Form 1149, Requisition and Invoice/Shipping Document.
k. DD Form 1911, Materiel Courier Receipt.
l. DOT transportation papers.
m. Miscellaneous documentation (REPSHIPS, strip maps).
Reviewed by:
Prepared by:
Escort Officer
Technical Escort Ground Team Leader
Operations Officer
TE BN S-3
Executive Officer (XO)
Deputy to the Commander
Commander, XX CM BN (TE)
Figure E-3. Sample Trip Report for Ground Team Escort (continued)
E-12
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Sample Documents
Toxic Pickup Team Equipment Checklist
(For use of this checklist, see XX CM BN [TE] SOP.)
Date:
Operations branch:
Pickup team: TEO
Leader
Member
Member
Member
Member
Member
Member
Member
1. S-3 Operations:
Yes
No
a. Are all personnel cleared by XX CM BN (TE) surety/security?
b. Is the TEO certified?
c. Are the custodian’s authorization memos on file with the unit?
d. Has the receiver been notified to meet the team upon arrival?
e. Have approved and alternate routes been selected
and have the current threat conditions and risk assessment
information been given to the TEO?
f. Has the TEO been briefed IAW applicable unit SOPs?
g. Has the security officer been notified to have security guards
monitor the radio and set up traffic CPs as required?
Signature, S-3 Operations
Page 1 of 5
Figure E-4. Sample Toxic Pickup Team Equipment Checklist
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-13
Appendix E
Toxic Pickup Team Equipment Checklist (continued)
(For use of this checklist, see XX CM BN [TE] SOP.)
2. TEO/Leader:
Yes
No
a. Personal equipment:
(1) Protective mask
(2) Auto injectors (Mark ITM), 3 per member
(3) Mobility badge
(4) Medical alert card/necklace/bracelet
(5) Valid Optional Form (OF) 346, U.S. Government Motor
Vehicle Operator’s Identification Card
(6) Commercial driver license (CDL) - civilians only
(7) Military/DOD civilian identification card
(8) Identification tags - military only
(9) Level C (Tyvek-F®, M2 TAP boots, nonstandard gloves,
CPUs, coveralls, surgical gloves)
b. Vehicles:
(1) Sweep vehicle
(2) Toxic pickup truck with covered bed
(3) Guard vehicle
(4) Fire extinguishers (3 total)
(a)
2, Class 10 BC fire extinguishers with cargo vehicle
(b)
1 fire extinguisher with guard vehicle
(5) Chocks for cargo vehicle
Page 2 of 5
Figure E-4. Sample Toxic Pickup Team Equipment Checklist (continued)
E-14
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Sample Documents
Toxic Pickup Team Equipment Checklist (continued)
(For use of this checklist, see XX CM BN [TE] SOP.)
Yes
No
c. Mission equipment:
(1) Decontaminants (soda ash, bleach, liquid soap, 5-gallon
water can [full]). Type of decontaminant
(2) Leak-seal and packaging material (6-mil plastic bags [various
types and sizes], plaster of paris, duct tape, sponges, brush-
es, buckets, spill pads, tie-down straps, 6-mil plastic sheeting)
(3) Equipment (torque wrench, sockets, crescent wrench, claw
hammer, banana oil, first aid kit, Phillips screwdriver, flat-tip
screwdriver, radios, cell phone)
(4) Placards
(5) M18A2 kit, Dräger tube(s) or ICAM
(6) M18A2 kit, Dräger tube(s) or ICAM (backup)
d. Weapons:
(1) M9 pistol
(2) Holster
(3) Weapon cases (2)
(4) Ammunition
(5) Ammunition pouch
(6) Magazines (2)
(7) DA 2818, Firearms Authorization
(8) Body armor
Signature, TEO/team leader
Page 3 of 5
Figure E-4. Sample Toxic Pickup Team Equipment Checklist (continued)
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-15
Appendix E
Toxic Pickup Team Equipment Checklist (continued)
(For use of this checklist, see XX CM BN [TE] SOP.)
3. TEO:
Yes
No
a. Prior to pickup:
(1) Has the team been briefed IAW applicable unit SOPs?
(2) Has the letter of instruction been provided and read?
(3) Has the letter of appointment been provided?
(4) Has the equipment portion of this checklist been completed?
b. Conduct of pickup:
(1) Is the cargo—
(a) Properly packaged?
(b) Properly labeled?
(c) Correctly annotated on a DD Form 1911 and/or
DD Form 1149 (shipping papers)?
(d) Accompanied by sufficient copies of DD Form
1911 and the shipping papers?
(2) Was acceptance of the cargo refused for any reason?
State reason(s)
(3) Have monitoring checks been completed?
(4) Did personnel wear protective masks?
(5) Has the vehicle been properly placarded for the agent or
material transported?
(6) Has the TE BN S-3 Operations been notified of departure with the
cargo?
Page 4 of 5
Figure E-4. Sample Toxic Pickup Team Equipment Checklist (continued)
E-16
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Sample Documents
Toxic Pickup Team Equipment Checklist (continued)
(For use of this checklist, see XX CM BN [TE] SOP.)
Yes
No
c. Vehicle movement:
(1) Did the vehicles maintain safe speeds?
(2) Was the proper interval maintained between vehicles?
(3) Was the TE BN S-3 Operations informed of arrival at the
delivery point(s)?
(4) Were placards present on vehicles?
(5) Were M18A2 Kits, Dräger tubes, or ICAMs on hand?
(6) Were M18A2 Kits, Dräger tubes, or ICAMs (backup) on hand?
d. Unloading cargo:
(1) Did the receiver meet the team?
(2) Did the cargo arrive properly, without damage?
(3) Have the monitoring checks been completed?
(4) Did personnel wear protective masks?
(5) Did the receiver sign for the cargo?
e. Actions after mission:
(1) Have the vehicles undergone PMCS and been cleaned, refueled,
and secured?
(2) Have the completed dispatches for the vehicles been turned in?
(3) Has all the equipment been cleaned and secured?
(4) Have weapons been cleared, cleaned, and turned in?
(5) Was all appropriate paperwork turned in to the TE BN S-3?
Signature, TEO
Page 5 of 5
Figure E-4. Sample Toxic Pickup Team Equipment Checklist (continued)
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-17
Appendix E
Risk Assessment Matrix/Worksheet
(For use of this worksheet, see XX CM BN [TE] SOP.)
1. Date/time:
2. Event:
3. Hazards:
4. Countermeasures:
Endurance
Planning
Environmental Rest/physical conditioning
Preparation
Preparation
Optimum Adequate Minimal
Guidance In-depth Adequate
Minimal
Nonacclimated
3
4
5
Vague
3
4
5
Partially acclim
2
3
4
Implied
2
3
4
Acclimated
1
2
3
Specific
1
2
3
Proficiency
Complexity
Operational area
Task
Proficient Experienced Inexper
Ops length Inside
Outside Remote
Complex
3
4
5
>40 hr
3
4
5
Routine
2
3
4
8-40 hr
2
3
4
Simple
1
2
3
<8 hr
1
2
3
Weather
Equipment
Clear/
Overcast/ Fog/rain
PPE/
Temp (oF)
dry
drizzle
snow/ice
monitoring Excellent Good
Poor
0-31
3
4
5
Low level
1
2
3
32-59
2
3
4
Gross level
2
3
4
60-89
1
2
3
Level A
1
2
3
90-100
4
Level B
2
3
4
101+
5
Level C
3
4
5
Task organization
Total risk assessment
Command/
control
Support
Day
Night
Risk
Points
Decision level
OPCON
3
4
5
Low
0-14
TEO
Attached
2
3
4
Medium
15-25
CO cdr
Organic
1
2
3
High
26+
BN cdr
Total points
Decision level signatures:
TEO signature
CO cdr signature
BN cdr signature
Figure E-5. Risk Assessment Matrix/Worksheet
E-18
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Sample Documents
Aircraft Commander’s/Ship Captain’s Briefing
(For use of this document, see XX CM BN [TE] SOP.)
Tail/ship number
Date
1. This is to acknowledge that I,
,
the
aircraft commander/ship captain, and my crew have been briefed by
of the XX Chemical Battalion (TE) on the nature of the mission and have been provided the
following information:
a. Security classification
b. Requirement for escorts: AR 95-27, Sec A, Para 5; TM 38-250, Attachment 24.
c. Passengers are/are not permitted.
2. The following information was provided on the cargo:
a. Proper shipping name
b. Hazard classification
c. Quantity
d. Net explosive weight
e. Location in aircraft/vessel
f. Decontaminant
g. Neutralizing material
h. Protective equipment
i. First aid procedures
j. Monitoring requirements
k. Emergency procedures
3. Specific location where ground team anticipates linkup
Ranks and names of crew members Ranks and names of escorts
Signature of aircraft commander/ship captain
Printed name
Date/time information received
CF:
Aircraft commander/ship captain
Technical escort officer (TEO)
Figure E-6. Aircraft Commander’s/Ship Captain’s Briefing
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-19
Appendix E
Off-Post Mission Worksheet
(For use of this worksheet, see XX CM BN [TE] SOP.)
Privacy Act Statement
Authority: 10 USC 3012.
Purpose: To provide a means of positive identification of personnel moving chemical surety
material. To provide necessary and sufficient identifying data for ensuring that technical escort
personnel understand special orders connected with the movement of chemical surety material.
Routine uses: The proponent must indicate what agencies if any outside of DoD they plan to
share this information with.
Disclosure: Voluntary. Failure to disclose required information will result in the denial of
participation in surety duty.
Date
1. Type mission:
CSM Dilute
RCWM Other
(Circle one)
2. Type escort:
Air
Road
Sea
Rail
(Circle one)
3. Documentation: Mission number
Advanced REPSHIP
Received
4. Requested delivery date
5. Fund cite/XO
6. Cargo to be moved:
Agent(s)
Quantity
7. Shipper POC
Address
Telephone number
Coordination date
8. Consignee POC
Address
Telephone number
Coordination date
Page 1 of 4
Figure E-7. Off-Post Mission Worksheet
E-20
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Sample Documents
Off-Post Mission Worksheet (continued)
(For use of this worksheet, see XX CM BN [TE] SOP.)
9. RDECOM POC
Address
Telephone number
Coordination date
Mission departure
Mission complete
10. Aviation POC
Address
Telephone number
PIC and crew
Coordination date
11. Cargo flight information:
One way
Round trip
(Circle one)
Departure location
DTG
Type aircraft/tail number
/
Type aircraft/tail number
/
Enroute stop(s)
12. Other cargo information
13. Escort team composition:
Name
Rank
SSN
Page 2 of 4
Figure E-7. Off-Post Mission Worksheet (continued)
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-21
Appendix E
Off-Post Mission Worksheet (continued)
(For use of this worksheet, see XX CM BN [TE] SOP.)
14. Support coordination:
a. Departure airfield POC
Address
Telephone number
Coordination date
b. Fire department POC
Address
Telephone number
Coordination date
15. Support coordination:
a. Arrival airfield POC
Address
Telephone number
Coordination date
b. Vehicle POC
Address
Telephone number
Coordination date
c. Police escort POC
Address
Telephone number
Coordination date
d. HAZMAT department POC
Address
Telephone number
Coordination date
Page 3 of 4
Figure E-7. Off-Post Mission Worksheet (continued)
E-22
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Sample Documents
Off-Post Mission Worksheet (continued)
(For use of this worksheet, see XX CM BN [TE] SOP.)
e. Force protection conditions:
Location
POC
Threat
Pickup point
Enroute
stop(s)
Dropoff point
Notes
Page 4 of 4
Figure E-7. Off-Post Mission Worksheet (continued)
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-23
Appendix E
Mission Planning/Briefing
(For use of this worksheet, see XX CM BN [TE] SOP.)
Mission no.
Date of request
Request received by
Job requested by
Mission number
Date and time of transfer
Date and time reported to Ops branch
Cargo description
Number of containers
Content weight/volume
Agent(s)/material
Agent decon
Skin decon
Placards
Custodians
Received from
Phone number
Location
Transferred by
Date
Received from
Phone number
Location
Person contacted
Armor
HHC
Security guards
(X) CO
Health clinic
(X) CO
Fire department
Security div
RDECOM EOC
Force protection condition level
Job order number
Figure E-8. Mission Planning/Briefing Worksheet
E-24
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Sample Documents
E-2. The following forms, documentation, and reports are used by TEOs and TE teams during TE
operations:
DA Form 1594. This form is used to record events from the time an escort mission begins until
the mission is complete.
DD Form 626 (Motor Vehicle Inspection [Transporting Hazardous Materials]). This form,
which is to be completed for all vehicles that must be marked or placarded in accordance with
49 CFR, is prepared for the cargo vehicle during technical escort operations.
DD Form 1149. This form is used to track and account for the number of containers in an escort
shipment.
DD Form 1911. This form identifies the chain of custody for the item(s) transported.
Information concerning the shipper, the receiver—and anyone taking possession of the
containers in between—is entered on the form.
DD Form 2890. This form meets the requirements of the International Convention for the
Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) 74, Chapter VII, Regulation 54 and Marine Pollution Convention
for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships (MARPOL) 79/78, Annex III, Regulation 4 and may,
therefore, be used as a declaration of dangerous goods.
DD Form 2890C (DOD Multimodal Dangerous Goods Declaration Continuation Sheet). This
form is used when the number of items shipped exceeds the space available on DD Form 2890.
FORMS AND DOCUMENTATION FOR SAMPLING OPERATIONS
E-3. When collecting samples, the technical CBRN sampling team completes the following documents:
Sample log. In compliance with STANAG 4359, a log of the samples collected is maintained.
An example of this type of log is provided as Figure E-9, page E-26.
Site diagram. This diagram is used to sketch a diagram of the site. A sample of a site diagram is
provided as Figure E-10, page E-27.
Sample labels. Each sample must be labeled. An example of a label and a description of
minimum labeling requirements are provided as Figure E-11, page E-28.
DD Form 1911. This form (also mentioned in the previous section) actually originates during
sample collection. It identifies the chain of custody for the item (s) transported. Information
concerning the shipper, the receiver- and anyone taking possession of the containers in between
- is entered on the form.
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-25
Appendix E
Sample Log
(For use of this log, see XX CM BN [TE] SOP.)
GPS coordinates
Sampling Team
Coordinate/location
____________________________________
____________________________________
Date _____/_____/_____ Time ________
____________________________________
Mission case number __________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Preparer/assistant ____________________
____________________________________
____________________
Sample #
Location
Description
Sampled by
Type
Lot #
Photo #
Comments
Page
of
Figure E-9. Sample Log
E-26
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Sample Documents
Site Diagram
(For use of this diagram, see XX CM BN [TE] SOP.)
GPS coordinates
References
Coordinate/location
Scale disclaimer
Compass orientation
Date _____/_____/_____ Time ________
Evidence
Mission case number __________________
Fixed objects
Measurements
Preparer/assistant
____________________
Key/legend
____________________
Page
of
Figure E-10. Site Diagram
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-27
Appendix E
AF/050729/001/JMS
Initials of
Two-letter
sampler
country code
designation
Date sample
Sequence
taken
number of
(yymmdd)
sample taken
The minimum information required for a sample label is—
• Country code—only if outside the United States.
• The date the sample was taken.
• The sample number. This example indicates that this was the first sample taken at this location.
• The initials of the person taking the sample.
There are a minimum of three labels for each sample taken. One label is attached to the sample
container, one label is attached to the secondary container, and the final label is attached to the
overpack container.
These sample labeling procedures comply with STANAG 4359.
Figure E-11. Sample Label
E-28
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Sample Documents
REPORTING CRITERIA
E-4. Reporting requirements accompany certain TE battalion operations.
FORCE TRACKING REPORT
E-5. The shipping agency transmits an advance force tracking report, also known as a report of shipment
(REPSHIP), to the receiving agency one week before the shipping date. The advance REPSHIP contains
the following information in the order listed:
• Transportation release number.
• Shipping order number.
• Name of carrier and exact routing instructions.
• Vehicle number (car or tail number).
• Bill of lading number.
• Requisition number and a reference to the message authorizing shipment.
• Brief description of contents.
• Date/time group (DTG) of departure.
• Estimated date and time of arrival.
• Name, grade, and social security number (SSN) of the technical escort team members assigned to
accompany the shipment.
Note. The security classification should be assigned in accordance with AR 380-86.
may be accessed by scrolling down and clicking on the “Technical Reachback” link.
E-7. The shipping agency transmits a final report to the receiving agency on the day the chemical agents
are shipped.
E-8. The receiving agency records the DTG of arrival and the physical condition of the cargo on the
original advance REPSHIP message (added as items 11 and 12) and then, within two workdays of receipt
of the shipment, returns the report to the shipping agency at the original REPSHIP address. Chemical
events that occur during shipment are reported as prescribed in AR 50-6, Chapter 11.
AFTER-ACTION REPORT
E-9. The after-action report
(AAR) is developed using a structured review process which allows
participating Soldiers, leaders, and units to determine what happened during a mission or during training
operations, why it happened, and how similar situations might be handled differently in the future. The
AAR process consists of four parts:
Review of what was meant to happen. The evaluator and participants review what was meant
to happen based on the commander’s intent, the objectives, applicable training and evaluation
outlines (T&EOs), and/or the unit training plan.
Summary of what did happen. The evaluator and participants determine what actually
happened during the mission/training task. A factual account is vital. For force-on-force
training, opposing force (OPFOR) members assist in the AAR process by describing the training
events and outcomes from their points of view.
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-29
Appendix E
Evaluation of what went right and what went wrong. The participants identify the strong and
weak points of their performance. The evaluator guides the discussions, ensuring that the
conclusions reached by the participants are doctrinally sound, consistent with Army standards,
and relevant to the wartime mission.
Explanation of how the task should be executed in the future. The evaluator assists the chain
of command in determining what changes need to be made the next time the task is performed.
The recommended improvements to procedures result in individual and organizational
motivation to conduct future sustainment training to standard.
E-10. There are several advantages of an AAR over a critique. For example, the AAR—
Focuses on training/operation objectives derived directly from the key mission-essential task list
(METL).
Emphasizes meeting Army standards rather than proclaiming success or failure.
Encourages self-discovery of important lessons by posing leading questions to participants.
Allows for the participation of a large number of individuals and leaders.
E-11. The AAR serves as feedback for training and operations. For example, leaders understand that it is
not possible to perform all tasks to standard; therefore, in their initial planning, they allocate time and other
resources for retraining. Retraining allows the participants to apply the lessons learned during the AAR and
implement corrective actions as necessary. The retraining should be conducted at the earliest opportunity
so that AAR observations and evaluations may be immediately incorporated into unit training to standard.
Training is incomplete until the Army standard is achieved.
E-12. The AAR process is often "tiered," using multiechelon, leader development techniques. Following a
general review with all participants, senior trainers may conduct extended professional discussions with
selected leaders. These discussions usually involve specific reviews of leader contributions. Commanders
use this review process as a link between leader training and leader development.
SITUATION REPORT
E-13. A situation report (SITREP) is used to keep higher and lower staffs advised and updated on the
reporting commander’s critical situation. It provides information on significant events, intelligence, force
status and dispositions, logistics, the overall unit situation, and political/diplomatic events. In accordance
with FM 101-5-2, the general lines of a SITREP are—
LINE 1—DTG.
LINE 2—UNIT (unit making the report).
LINE 3—REFERENCE (report title, originator, and DTG).
LINE 4—ORIGINATOR (unit identification code of the unit originating the report).
LINE 5—REPORTED UNIT (unit identification code of the reported unit).
LINE
6—HOME LOCATION (universal transverse mercator
[UTM] or six-digit grid
coordinate with military grid reference system [MGRS] grid zone designator for the home
location of the reported unit).
LINE 7—PRESENT LOCATION (UTM or six-digit grid coordinate with MGRS grid zone
designator for the present location of the reported unit).
LINE 8—ACTIVITY (brief description of the reported unit’s current activity).
LINE
9—EFFECTIVENESS
(commander’s evaluation of the reported unit’s combat
effectiveness).
LINE 10—OWN SITUATION DISPOSITION/STATUS (organization or operational control,
changes to previously reported major combatant and support force locations, current
deployments, changes in task force designations, significant degradation of unit mission
readiness, projected requirements for additional forces, and proposed deployments).
LINE 11—LOCATION (UTM or six-digit grid coordinate with MGRS grid zone designator).
E-30
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Sample Documents
LINE 12—SITUATION OVERVIEW (a brief overall assessment of the situation, including
circumstances or conditions that increase or materially detract from the capability and readiness
of forces assigned or under OPCON of the command or service).
LINE 13—OPERATIONS (offensive and defensive operations carried out by major combatant
elements and a summary of results; allied-force operations; plans for combat operations during
the 24 hours following completion of the report, including objectives and probable enemy
reaction; and deviations from previously reported intentions/plans).
LINE 14—INTELLIGENCE/RECONNAISSANCE (capabilities, operations, threat changes,
and order of battle, as obtained from significant spot intelligence reports
[SPIREPs] or
intelligence reports [INTREPs] submitted during the previous 24-hour period).
LINE 15—LOGISTICS (deficiencies that significantly affect support for planned operations and
problems beyond the capability of the service or commander to overcome or alleviate them in a
timely manner).
LINE
16—COMMUNICATIONS/CONNECTIVITY
(traffic volume; incompatibilities;
quantitative equipment deficiencies; significant outages; and an assessment, provided by the
commander-in-chief [CINC] command, control, communications, and computer systems staff
section [J-6]/operations staff section [J-3] of the impact of communications degradations and
outages on the mission).
LINE 17—PERSONNEL (mobilization status; factors affecting the readiness of forces/units;
daily battle casualties sustained—killed in action [KIA], wounded in action [WIA], or missing
in action
[MIA]—arranged by service; and the impact of casualties on command mission
capability).
LINE
18—SIGNIFICANT POLITICAL/MILITARY/DIPLOMATIC EVENTS (large-scale
military exercises; events emphasizing interests of key segments of the society; indications of
civil defense measures contemplated or implemented; events not reported by OPREP
3
PINNACLE but which could result in local, U.S., and international public reaction; civil unrest;
and results/decisions of key allied or other foreign government meetings).
LINE 19—COMMANDER’S EVALUATION (summary of key points from lines 12 through
18, highlighting areas requiring joint chiefs of staff [JCS] actions.
LINE
20—NARRATIVE
(additional information required for clarification of the
report).
LINE 21—AUTHENTICATION (report authentication).
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
E-31
This page is intentionally left blank.
Glossary
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
Acronym/Term
Definition
AA
avenue of approach
AAR
after-action report
AAR
after-action review
AC
hydrogen cyanide
acclim
acclimated
ACE
Adaptive Communications Element
ACGIH
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
AChE
acetyle cholinesterase
Act
active
AEGL
acute exposure guideline level
AEL
airborne exposure limit
AFMAN
Air Force manual
AFRAT
Air Force Radiation Assessment Team
AFRRI
Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute
AIHA
American Industrial Hygiene Association
ALARA
as low as reasonably achievable
AMC
Army Materiel Command
ANSI
American National Standards Institute
AO
area of operation
AOR
area of responsibility
APR
air purifiying respirator
AR
Army regulation
ARNG
Army National Guard
ASD
Assistant Secretary of Defense
ASI
additional skill identifier
ASTM
American Society for Testing and Materials
AT
antiterrorism
ATSDR
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
ATTN
attention
auth
authorized
bio
biological
BN
battalion
bpm
beats per minute
BRAC
base realignment and closure
BSL 3
Biosafety Level 3
BVO
black vinyl overshoe
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
Glossary-1
Glossary
BWA
biological warfare agent
BWM
biological warfare materiel
c
cup(s)
C
Celsius
C2
command and control
C4
composition 4
CAA
Clean Air Act
CAIRA
chemical accident or incident response and assistance
CAP
Civil Air Patrol
CARC
chemical-agent resistant coating
CAS
chemical abstract service
CB
chemical-biological
CBIRF
chemical-biological incident response force
CBRN
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear
CBRNE
chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high-yield explosives
CCDR
combatant commander
CDC
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CDL
commercial driver license
cdr
commander
CEEL
community emergency exposure level
CERCLA
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability
Act
CF
copy furnished
CFR
Code of Federal Regulations
CG
phosgene
CGI
combustible gas indicator
ChE
cholinesterase
CHRIS
Chemical Hazards Response Information System
CI
critical infrastructure
CINC
commander-in-chief
CJCS
Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff
CJCSM
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff memorandum
CK
cyanogen chloride
CLS
combat lifesaver
CLS
contractor logistic support
CM
chemical
CMA
Chemical Materials Agency
CN
chloroacetophenone
CNS
central nervous system
CO
company
COA
course of action
COE
Army Corps of Engineers
Glossary-2
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Glossary
CONOPS
concept of operations
CONUS
continental United States
COR
contracting office representative
COT
Committee on Toxicology
COTS
commercial, off-the-shelf
CP
command post
CP
control point
CPRP
Chemical Personnel Reliability Program
CPU
chemical-protective undergarment
CRA
contamination reduction area
CRD
chemical reconnaissance detachment
CS
2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile
CS
civil support
CSM
chemical survey mission
CSS
combat service support
CST
civil support team
Ct
cummulative exposures
CWA
chemical warfare agent
CWM
chemical warfare materiel
DA
Department of the Army
DA
diphenylchlorarsine
DC
diphenylcyanoarsine
dd
day (two-digit format)
DD
Department of Defense
decon
decontaminant or decontaminate
DF
methylphosphonic difluoride
DHHS
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
DHS
Department of Homeland Security
DIN
Deutsche Industrie-Normen (in English, German Industrial Standards)
div
division
DLAM
Defense Logistics Agency manual
DM
diphenylaminearsine
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
DOD
Department of Defense
DODD
Department of Defense Directive
DOE
Department of Energy
DOS
Department of State
DOT
Department of Transportation
DP
disphosgene
DP8
maltooctaose
DS2
Decontamination Solution Number 2
DST
decision support tool
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
Glossary-3
Glossary
DTAPS®
Disposable Toxicological Agent Protective System
DTG
date-time group
DTRA
Defense Threat Reduction Agency
ECBC
Edgewood Chemical and Biological Center
ECP
entry control point
ECR
entry control roster
EEGL
emergency exposure guidance level
EH
explosive hazard
EHS
extremely hazardous substance
EM
engineer manual
EMS
emergency medical services
EMT
emergency medical technician
EOC
emergency operations center
EOD
explosive ordnance disposal
EOR
explosive ordnance reconnaissance
EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
EPCRA
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act
EPDS
emergency personnel decontamination station
ERG
Emergency Response Guidebook
ERPG
emergency response planning guideline
ESF
emergency support function
F
Fahrenheit
FBI
Federal Bureau of Investigation
FDA
Food and Drug Administration
FEMA
Federal Emergency Management Agency
FHP
force health protection
FID
flame ionization detector
FM
field manual
FMI
field manual interim
FORSCOM
U.S. Army Forces Command
FOSC
federal on-scene commander
FP
force protection
FPCON
force protection condition
FR
Federal Register
FRAGORD
fragmentary order
FRERP
Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan
ft
foot or feet
ft3
cubic foot or feet
FUDS
formerly used defense sites
g
gram(s)
GA
tabun
gal
gallon(s)
Glossary-4
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Glossary
GB
sarin
GD
soman
GF
cyclosarin
GP
general-purpose
GPL
general population limit
GPS
Global Positioning System
GSA
General Services Administration
GVO
green vinyl overshoe
H
a sulfur mustard gas blister agent
HAZMAT
hazardous material
HAZWOPER
hazardous waste operations and emergency response
HD
a sulfur mustard gas blister agent
HD
Homeland Defense
HEPA
high-efficiency particulate air
HF
hydrofluoric acid
HHC
headquarters and headquarters company
HL
a sulfur mustard gas blister agent
HN
host nation
HN-1
a nitrogen mustard gas blister agent
HN-3
a nitrogen mustard gas blister agent
HPGe
high-purity germanium
HPV
high production volume
HQ
a sulfur mustard gas blister agent
HQ
headquarters
hr
hour or hours
HSC
Homeland Security Council
HSDB
Hazardous Substances Data Bank
HSI
heat stress index
HSOC
homeland security operations center
HSPD
Homeland Security Presidential directive
HT
a sulfur mustard gas blister agent
HTB
high-test bleach
HTH
high-test hypochlorite
I&E
installations and environment
IAP
incident action plan
IASO
Information Assurance Security Officer
IATA
International Air Transport Association
IAW
in accordance with
IC
incident commander
ICAM
individual chemical-agent monitor
ICP
incident command post
ICS
Incident Command System
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
Glossary-5
Glossary
IDLH
immediately dangerous to life or health
IED
improvised explosive device
IH
industrial hygienist
IIMG
interagency incident management group
IMA
installation medical authority
in
inch(es)
IND
improvised nuclear device
inexper
inexerienced
INL
Idaho National Laboratory
INRP
Initial National Response Plan
INTREP
intelligence report
IOC
incident operations commander
IPB
intelligence preparation of the battlefield
IRIS
Integrated Risk Information System
IT
information technology
J-3
operations staff section
J-6
command, control, communications, and computer systems staff section
JAR
joint Army regulation
JCS
Joint Chiefs of Staff
JDOMS
Joint Director of Military Support
JFCOM
Joint Forces Command
JFO
joint field office
JFO
joint forces operations
JIC
joint information center
JIS
Joint Information System
JP
joint publication
JSLIST
joint-service, lightweight, integrated suit technology
JTF
joint task force
kg
kilogram(s)
KIA
killed in action
KR
key resource
L
lewisite
l
liter(s)
lb
pound(s)
LBE
load-bearing equipment
LCE
load-carrying equipment
LEL
lower explosive limit
LFA
lead federal agency
LOI
letter of instruction
LPG
liquefied petroleum gas
LRN
laboratory response network
LTC
lieutentant colonel
Glossary-6
FM 3-11.20
29 August 2007
Glossary
m
meter(s)
m2
square meter(s)
m3
cubic meter(s)
MAJCOM
major command (Air Force)
MANSCEN
Maneuver Support Center
MARB
Materiel Assessment Review Board
MARPOL
Marine Pollution Convention
MARS
Military Affiliate Radio System
MDMP
military decision-making process
MED
medical
MEDCOM
U.S. Army Medical Command
MEG
military exposure guideline limit
memo
memorandum
METL
mission-essential task list
METT-TC
mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available, time
available, and civil considerations
mg
milligram(s)
MGRS
military grid reference system
MHMIs
managing hazardous material incidents
MIA
missing in action
MIL-SPEC
military specification
min
minute(s)
ml
milliliter(s)
mm
month (two-digit format)
MOA
memorandum of agreement
MOPP
mission-oriented protective posture
MOU
memorandum of understanding
MRE
meal, ready-to-eat
MSD
minimum safe distance
MSDS
material safety data sheet
MTF
medical treatment facility
MULO
multipurpose over boots
NAAK
nerve-agent antidote kits
NAC
National Advisory Committee
NAERG
North American Emergency Response Guidebook
NAIRA
Nuclear Accident and Incident Response and Assistance
NaOCl
sodium hypochlorite
NaOH
sodium hydroxide
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NCP
National Contingency Plan
NCRC
National Counterterrorism Center
NESDIS
National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service
29 August 2007
FM 3-11.20
Glossary-7