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Military reference books and manuals (2009-2023, Volume 2) - page 44

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Appendix 1: Basic Facts About the PLA

This appendix provides a basic overview of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army’s

(PLA’s) force structure and recent reforms, as of early 2009.

China’s armed forces

China’s armed forces are made up of three components, of which the PLA is only one.⁵²⁴

The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) refers to

The term “People’s Liberation

China’s army, navy, air force, and strategic

Army” refers to all of the

missile corps. It is under the command of the

services, not just the army; the

Central Military Commission

(CMC) of the

name reflects the ground-force

Chinese Communist Party (CCP).⁵²⁵ At about 2.3

orientation of the PLA in its

million members, it is the largest standing army

early days as the “Red Army.”

in the world.⁵²⁶ The PLA consists of active and

reserve forces. Reservists, who are estimated to number about 800,000, are not

counted in the 2.3 million figure.⁵²⁷

In addition to fighting wars, the PLA can be called upon to help maintain public order

when civilian authorities determine that such help is needed.⁵²⁸

The People’s Armed Police (PAP) is a paramilitary force tasked with maintaining

security and public order. Estimated at between 660,000 and 900,000 members, it

falls under the joint leadership of the CMC and of the central government’s State

Council, and is the only active-duty security force in China that is part of both the

military and civilian administrative systems.⁵²⁹

The militia is a reserve force expected to provide the PLA with combat support and

manpower replenishment during wartime. It has recently taken part in peacetime

security operations, such as disaster relief. Militia units are organized in rural counties,

urban districts, and state-owned and private enterprises. They are overseen by local

⁵²⁴ “National Defense Law of the People’s Republic of China” (Beijing: Legal Publishing House, 14 Mar

1997), Article 22.

⁵²⁵ Full name: Military Commission of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).

⁵²⁶ International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance 2008 (Oxfordshire, UK: Routledge,

2008), p. 376; China’s National Defense in 2006 (Beijing: Information Office of the State Council of the

People’s Republic of China, 29 Dec 2006), IV: “The People’s Liberation Army.”

⁵²⁷ The Military Balance 2008.

⁵²⁸ “National Defense Law of the People’s Republic of China”; Dennis J. Blasko, The Chinese Army Today

(New York: Routledge, 2006), p. 19.

⁵²⁹ Thomas J. Bickford and Frederic Vellucci, The Chinese People’s Armed Police: Organization, Roles,

and Missions, CNA Research Memorandum D0018781.A1/Final (Alexandria, VA: CNA, 2008), pp. viii, 5.

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governments and Party committees as well as by local military units.⁵³⁰ Many militia

members are former soldiers who were demobilized after two years of

conscription.⁵³¹ China’s 2008 National Defense White Paper asserts that between

2006 and 2010 China plans to reduce total militia forces from 10 million to 8

million.⁵³²

PLA services

The PLA is divided into three services - the army (PLA Army), navy (PLA Navy, or

PLAN), and air force (PLA Air Force, or PLAAF) - and one independent branch that

functions as a service, the strategic missile force

(Second Artillery). The PLA is

dominated by ground forces, though in recent years it has put more resources into

building up its maritime and air power capabilities.⁵³³ The Chinese government does not

release official figures on the size of each of its services, but outside sources estimate the

breakdown of services roughly as follows.

Figure A-1: Comparison of Chinese and American Military Personnel⁵³⁴

Personnel

The PLA divides its active-duty personnel into three categories: conscripts, NCOs, and

officers. While the PLA does not publicize its force proportions, estimates for the

different categories as of 2008 are as follows:

⁵³⁰ China’s National Defense in 2006; China’s National Defense in 2004 (Beijing: Information Office of

the State Council of the People’s Republic of China, 2004).

⁵³¹ “Military Service Law of the People’s Republic of China,” Xinhua, 30 Dec 1998.

⁵³² China’s National Defense in 2008 (Beijing: Information Office of the State Council of the People’s

Republic of China, 2009), IX: “National Defense Reserve Buildup.”

⁵³³ See, e.g., China’s National Defense in 2006, II: “National Defense Policy.”

⁵³⁴ PLA numbers from The Military Balance 2008; Blasko, p. 20. U.S. numbers as of September 30, 2008;

updated monthly, at http://siadapp.dmdc.osd/mil/personnel/MILITARY/ms0.pdf.

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• Conscripts: 800,000

• NCOs: 800,000

• Officers: 700,000⁵³⁵

Conscripts

All young Chinese men are required to

One-half of the conscripted force turns

register with their county or municipal

over at the same time each year

military service office when they turn 18,

Conscription and basic training are carried

and they remain eligible for conscription

out as part of an annual cycle:

until the age of 22. Young women may also

volunteer for active duty or be called up

• On November 1, potential conscripts

“depending on the needs of the military,”

report for screening.

but they are not normally required to

• By around February 1, new conscripts

register.⁵³⁶ The PLA requires that one-third

have completed their initial processing

of conscripts come from urban areas and

and basic training.

two-thirds from rural areas.⁵³⁷

• Between late October and mid

Although millions of young men become

December, conscripts who have

eligible for conscription every year, the

completed their two-year obligation

PLA requires only a few hundred thousand

are demobilized.

new conscripts; in fact only a very small

proportion of the eligible population - probably less than five percent - ever joins the

military.⁵³⁸ There are many ways of avoiding conscription, and in the end few people join

the military who don’t want to.

In 1999, the mandatory conscription period was reduced from three or four years to just

two years. At the end of the conscription period, conscripts may follow one of three paths:

they may be demobilized and return to civilian life; they may apply to become non-

commissioned officers (NCOs); or they may take military academy entrance exams and

eventually become officers.⁵³⁹

⁵³⁵ The Military Balance 2008; Zhang Yunpeng and Xia Hongping, “PLA NCOs Grow to Vital Force in

Modernization Drive,” Jiefangjun Bao, 12 Nov 2008.

⁵³⁶ “Conscription Work Regulations,” Xinhua, 5 Sept 2001.

⁵³⁷ Qin Lichun and Deng Zhiqiang, “This Life has a Reason to Make Us All March Together,” Kongjun

Bao, 14 Feb 2006, p. 3.

⁵³⁸Kenneth Allen and James Bellacqua, Overview of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army’s Enlisted

Forces, CNA Research Memorandum D0014253.A1/Final (Alexandria, VA: The CNA Corporation, 2006),

p. 53.

⁵³⁹ Allen and Bellacqua, Overview of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army’s Enlisted Forces, p. 34.

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Very few conscripts are Party members, largely because the two-year conscription period

is shorter than the length of time it often takes to apply for Party membership.

NCOs

The PLA decided to establish a formal

PLA personnel terminology

NCO corps in 1998 and implemented

this decision the following year.⁵⁴⁰

“Cadre”

=

Officer

PLA enlisted personnel who become

(ganbu; 干部)

NCOs after completing their

conscription period may remain on

“Soldier”

= Enlisted personnel

active duty for up to 30 years. NCOs

(shibing; 士兵)

may also be recruited directly from the

civilian sphere, if they have useful

“Officers and men”

=

Officers and

professional or technical skills; the

(guanbing; 官兵)

enlisted personnel

percentage of NCOs recruited this way

is rising, though most NCOs still come from the enlisted force.⁵⁴¹ A diagram on career

paths for PLA enlisted personnel can be found in Appendix 3.

NCOs hold many key technical billets in the PLA, and their responsibilities are

increasing. Some receive professional military education (PME), either through training

organizations or correspondence courses, or (less commonly) through a special NCO

program at a military academy or an NCO school.⁵⁴²

Many tasks performed by NCOs in the U.S. military are done in the PLA by junior

officers. U.S. visitors report being surprised at the relatively limited authority that PLA

NCOs seem to have.⁵⁴³ For instance, as one USAF officer observes, in the U.S. military

senior NCOs can sign off on the air-worthiness of an aircraft, while in the PLA that task

would fall to a junior officer.⁵⁴⁴ These visitors note that the PLA is interested in

understanding foreign militaries’ use of NCOs.⁵⁴⁵

⁵⁴⁰ Su Ruozhou, “Major Reform in Our Army’s Service System - Yang Zhiqi, director of the Military

Affairs Department of General Staff Headquarters, Answers Reporters’ Questions on Military Service

Regulations,” Jiefangjun Bao, 13 Jul 1999, p. 2.

⁵⁴¹ Military Power of the People’s Republic of China 2008, p. 46; Blasko, p. 52.

⁵⁴² “NCOs Dream of a ‘A University Without Walls,’” Zhongguo Jiaoyu Bao, 26 Jul 2005; Yang Yangshen,

Duan Yueshan, and Su Ruozhu, “Reform of Chinese Army’s NCO System Brings Historic Change to

Military Personnel Structure,” Jiefangjun Bao, 13 Oct 2004; PLA General Staff Department Military

Affairs Department, “Opinions on Strengthening the Development of a Talented NCO Contingent” (guanyu

jiaqiang shiguan rencai duiwu jianshe de yijian; 关于加强士官人才队伍建设的意见), 2005.

⁵⁴³ Interviews # 1, 9, 10, 12, and 15.

⁵⁴⁴ Interview #9.

⁵⁴⁵ Interviews #1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, and 15.

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Table A-1: Three major differences between the U.S. and PLA NCO systems

U.S. Military

PLA

• NCOs have rotational assignments

• NCOs usually stay in the same unit

for their entire career

• NCOs take on increasing leadership

• NCO’s highest leadership

responsibilities as they progress in their

responsibility is as a squad leader

careers

• There is an enlisted advisor system through

• NCOs have little influence on

which NCOs advise officers

decision-making and few formal

channels for communicating with

officers

Officers

There is a far higher proportion of officers in the PLA than in the U.S. military - they

make up perhaps as many as a third of total PLA personnel, compared with just 16

percent in the U.S.⁵⁴⁶ PLA “officers” (also identified as “cadres”) also include “civilian

cadres,” who are comparable to U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) civilians.⁵⁴⁷

New PLA officers are required to have a four-year bachelor’s degree or three-year

“senior technical” degree. Officers may take one of two paths to a commission:

• Graduating from a military academy. The vast majority of PLA officers still

come from military academies, of which there were 63 in 2005.⁵⁴⁸

• Being commissioned from a civilian college. Since 1999, the PLA has pushed

for a majority of officers to come from this path, though the change has been

slow to take root.⁵⁴⁹

⁵⁴⁶ 2006 Uniformed Services Almanac (Falls Church, VA: Uniformed Services Almanac, Inc, 2006), p. 251.

⁵⁴⁷ Allen and Bellacqua, Overview of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army’s Enlisted Forces, p. 35; Lei

Yuanshen, “Formal Presentation at CIISS-IDA-CNA Workshop at CIISS,” Beijing, 27 Mar 2006.

548

Chen Liangyu, Sun Wei, Lu Li, Education and Management of Cadets at Military Schools (junxiao

xueyuan jiaoyu yu guanli; 军校学员教育与管理) (Beijing: National Defense University Press, Dec 2003),

p. 20.

⁵⁴⁹ “PLA Rank Regulations” (zhongguo renmin jiefangjun junguan jun xian tiaoli; 中国人民解放军军官

军衔条例), at http://www.gov.cn/banshi/gm/content_63642.htm.

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PLA officers follow one of five career tracks:

• Command (sometimes called the “military” track)

• Political

• Logistics

• Equipment

•

“Special technical officers,” who are responsible for equipment maintenance,

repair, research, development, and testing^.550

Officers generally spend their entire careers in a single track; the major exception is

political officers, who often start in a command track and are expected to continue to

receive command training throughout their career. PLA officers also usually spend most

of their career in a single geographic location, until they reach a position at the level of a

deputy Military Region leader. Command and political officers are nearly always Party

members. The higher officers rise, the more likely it is that they will join the Party.

A diagram on career paths for PLA officers is in Appendix 4.

Women in the PLA

Women comprise about 12 percent of the PLA’s active-duty forces. They tend to be

restricted to a small number of technical professions, including communications and

nursing; there are also some female political officers. Some PLA units comprise both men

and women, but the vast majority are single-sex.

Female enlisted personnel may, like males, apply for admission to officer academies;

however, they may apply for only a limited number of specialties (including nursing,

pharmaceuticals, telecommunications, journalism, and finance); they are required to score

higher than males on the admissions exam; and a far smaller proportion are admitted.⁵⁵¹

⁵⁵⁰ “Technical officers” may not be able to progress past the two-star level; traditionally these positions

have also been less desirable, but they may become higher-status with the growing PLA emphasis on

military modernization. Elizabeth Hague, “PLA Career Progressions and Policies,” in Roy Kamphausen,

Andres Scobell, and Travis Tanner, eds., The ‘People’ in the PLA: Recruitment, Training, and Education in

China’s Military (Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, 2008), p. 264.

⁵⁵¹ Zheng Shaobo, Practical Dictionary for Enlisted Personnel (shibing shiyong cidian; 士兵实用辞典)

(Beijing: Academy of Military Science Publishing House, 2005), p. 370.

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The overall orientation of these changes is summed up in the following chart:

Figure A-2: Changing PLA Paradigms

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Appendix 2: A Sampling of PLA Heroes⁵⁵²

Name

Who was he?

How did he die?

Why is he a hero?

Zhang Side

Born into a poor peasant family, Zhang joined the

A kiln collapsed on him in

After his valiant service in one unit, he was transferred to

(1915-1944)

Red Army and later the CCP. He participated in the

while he was burning

another unit where he was assigned an inferior position.

Long March and fought against Japan in World

charcoal, a task to which the

However, Zhang “subjected to the needs of the revolution

War II.

Party had assigned him.

without any complaint and thought of individual success and

failure.” He

“sacrificed his young life” to the revolution,

“worked hard and perfectly fulfilled his duties.”

Dong Cunrui

Dong joined the Communist army at a young age,

He blew up an explosive

He had “mastery of military skills and intelligence and

(1929-1948)

and soon became a Party member. He fought in the

package he was holding, in

bravery on the battlefield,” and

“without hesitation

…

Chinese civil war.

order to destroy a KMT

sacrificed his 19-year-old life” for the revolution.

bunker that

could not

otherwise be breached.

Lei Feng

Born into a peasant family, Lei Feng was orphaned

Died of a “transport accident”

He was extremely devoted to his work, and

“made

(1940-1962)

at a young age. He joined various Communist youth

when a telephone pole,

extraordinary achievements in ordinary positions.” He was

organizations and later joined the PLA, where he

knocked over by a truck he

“modest and prudent” and “not self-satisfied.” In addition,

was assigned to be a driver in a transportation unit.

was directing, fell on him.

Lei was “loyal to the Party, the people, the country, and

socialism” and “studied hard Mao Zedong’s work.”

Li Xiangqun

Li joined the PLA at 18 and joined the Party two

He “was exhausted and fell in

“In every emergency task, Li was always the first.” He

(1978-1998)

years later. He participated in relief efforts

a faint on the dam” that he was

sacrificed his life for the good of his countrymen.

following massive floods in the Yangtze River

working to repair.

valley in 1998.

⁵⁵² These soldiers have been identified by the PLA as “honored models” and “heroic figures.” They were all promoted on the Jiefangjun Bao website in honor of the

80^th anniversary of the founding of the PLA in 2007. The information given here comes from that site: http://english.chinamil.com/cn/site2/special-

reports/80thannofpla/node_12570.htm

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Appendix 3: Enlisted Personnel Career Paths

PLA Enlisted Personnel Career Track

Age

≤ 20

20s

30s

40s

50

Join NCO Career Track

Civilian college

graduates- are a

Grade-1

Grade-2

Grade-3

Grade-4

Grade-5

Grade-6

very small source

NCO

NCO

NCO

NCO

NCO

NCO

of conscripts and

NCOs.

3 yrs.

3 yrs.

4 yrs.

4 yrs.

5 yrs.

9 yrs.

Civilian college

NCOs must be demobilized after 30 years

students - are a

time in service.

small, but

Less likely paths

increasing source

of conscripts.

Conscript

PLA

See Officer

(2 yr.

Academy

Career Track

9th grade

graduates and

period)

Education

Diagram

high school

graduates -

make up the

main source of

PLA conscripts

Most conscripts

demobilized after 2 yrs.

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Appendix 4: Officer Career Paths

PLA Officer Career Track

Age

20s

30s

40s

50s

60s+

Grade

Platoon

Company

Battalion

Regiment

Division

Army/Corps¹

Military Region

CMC

Regional/National Positions²

Command Officer Track

There is some movement to the political track from other tracks, but little movement otherwise

CMC

Political Officer Track

Logistics Officer Track³

Armament Officer Track³

Technical Officer Track

Notes:

1.

The PLA term jun can be translated as either “army” or “corps.”

2.

When a PLA officer reaches a position at the grade level of MR deputy leader or above, he may begin to move geographically, away from the unit in

which he has served his entire career.

3.

Logistics and armaments officers tend not to go above a grade of “army/corps leader.”

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Appendix 5: Institutional Grades

Grade Level

CMC Chairman & Vice-

1

Chairman

2

CMC Member

Military

Organization

3

MR Leader

Region

Headquarters

Political

Logistics

Armaments

4

MR Deputy Leader

Department

Department

Department

Department

First-level department

Discipline

Other second-

Organization

Propaganda

Inspection

level

5

Army/Corps Leader

Department

Department

Department

departments

Second-level department

Science and

Other third-

Publications

Culture Education

PLA Daily

level

6

Army/CorpsDeputy Leader

Bureau

Bureau

Third-level department

departments

7

Division Leader

8

Division Deputy Leader

9

Regiment Leader

10

Regiment Deputy Leader

11

Battalion Leader

12

Battalion Deputy Leader

13

Company Leader

14

Company Deputy Leader

15

Platoon Leader

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Appendix 6: PLA Grades and Ranks

GEN /

LTG /

MG /

SCOL /

COL /

LTC /

MAJ /

CPT /

1LT /

2LT /

RANKS

ADM

VADM

RADM

SCAPT

CAPT

CDR

LCDR

LT

LTJG

ENS

GRADES

CMC Vice Chairman

X

CMC Member

X

Military Region Leader

X

X

Military Region Deputy Leader

X

X

Army Leader

X

X

Army Deputy Leader

X

X

Division Leader

X

X

Division Deputy Leader /

X

X

Brigade Leader

Regiment Leader /

X

X

Brigade Deputy Leader

Regiment Deputy Leader

X

X

Battalion Leader

X

X

Battalion Deputy Leader

X

X

Company Leader

X

X

Company Deputy Leader

X

X

Platoon Leader

X

X

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LVMPD Criminal Investigative Report

of the

1 October Mass Casualty Shooting

LVMPD Event Number 171001-3519

Report from the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department’s

Force Investigation Team on the shooting that occurred on

October 1, 2017, at 3901 S. Las Vegas Boulevard at the Route 91

Harvest music festival.

Joseph Lombardo, Sheriff

Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department

August 3, 2018

LAS VEGAS METROPOLITAN POLICE DEPARTMENT

Criminal Investigative Report of the 1 October Mass Casualty Shooting

CONTINUATION

Event: 171001-3519

I.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

On October 1, 2017, at approximately 2118 hours, Mandalay Bay Hotel and Casino (Mandalay

Bay) Security Officer Jesus Campos was assigned to check several Hotel Service Optimization

System (HotSOS) alarms from various rooms inside the hotel.¹ Room 32-129 was the last of the

rooms Security Officer Campos was assigned to check.

Security Officer Campos was on the 30^th floor and responded to the 32^nd floor via the stairwell in

the north end of the 100 Wing. Security Officer Campos attempted to enter the hallway to the

100 Wing, but the door would not open. He took the stairs to the 33^rd floor and used the guest

elevator to access the 32^nd floor. Once on the 32^nd floor, Security Officer Campos entered the

foyer leading to the stairwell. He discovered an “L” bracket screwed into the door and doorframe

that prevented the door leading into the stairwell from opening. Security Officer Campos called

his dispatch center with the house phone located in the foyer to report the discovery.

Security Officer Campos heard what he described as a rapid drilling sound coming from Room

32-135 after he hung up the phone. As he walked down the 100 Wing hallway, Campos heard

what he described as automatic gunfire coming from the area of Room 32-135 and realized he

had been shot in the left calf. He took cover in the alcove of rooms 32-122 and 32-124 and

utilized both his cellular phone and radio to notify his dispatch he was shot. Security Officer

Campos advised he was shot with a BB or pellet gun. While waiting for other security personnel

to arrive Security Officer Campos continued to hear gunfire coming from the room.

Engineer Stephen Schuck finished fixing a water leak on the 62^nd floor when he was directed to

respond to the 32^nd floor in reference to the bracket preventing the stairwell door from opening.

Engineer Schuck used the service elevator in the 200 Wing to access the 32^nd floor. When he

arrived on the 32^nd floor, he gathered his tools and equipment and walked from the 200 Wing to

the 100 Wing.

As Engineer Schuck walked up the hallway of the 100 Wing, he observed Security Officer

Campos poke his head out of an alcove. Engineer Schuck then heard rapid gunfire coming from

the end of the 100 Wing hallway that lasted approximately 10 seconds. When the gunfire

stopped, he heard Security Officer Campos tell him to take cover. Engineer Schuck stepped into

an alcove and gunfire again erupted down the hallway coming from Room 32-135. The gunfire

lasted a few seconds then stopped. The gunfire started again after a brief pause, but Engineer

Schuck believed it was directed outside and not down the hallway.

Meanwhile, inside the Las Vegas Village over 50 Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department

(LVMPD) personnel were on overtime assignments for the Route 91 Harvest music festival being

held at the Las Vegas Village venue. The initial gunshots were heard on an officer’s body worn

camera (BWC). As the suspect (Stephen Paddock) targeted the concertgoers with gunfire,

officers quickly determined they were dealing with an active shooter and broadcast the

information over the radio.

¹ A HotSOS Alarm is triggered by a guest room door that is left ajar for a predetermined amount of time.

LVMPD Internal Oversight & Constitutional Policing Bureau

Page 7 of 187

Force Investigation Team

LAS VEGAS METROPOLITAN POLICE DEPARTMENT

Criminal Investigative Report of the 1 October Mass Casualty Shooting

CONTINUATION

Event: 171001-3519

The crowd inside the Las Vegas Village started reacting to the gunfire, and performer Jason

Aldean ran off the stage. Officers and concertgoers began treating victims who were struck by

gunfire. They also tried to get concertgoers out of the venue in a safe manner. Officers

determined the gunfire was coming from an elevated position, possibly from the Mandalay Bay.

Medical personnel were requested for multiple people struck by gunfire.

As the active shooter incident was occurring, two LVMPD officers were in the security office of

the Mandalay Bay handling a call for service in reference to two females who were in custody

for trespassing. The officers heard the radio broadcast of gunfire at the Route 91 Harvest music

festival. Both officers, along with security personnel, exited the security office and responded

toward the Las Vegas Village. As they were making their way through the casino, security

personnel advised the officers of an active shooter on the 32^nd floor of the hotel.² The officers

then directed security to escort them to that location. The officers and security personnel entered

the Center Core guest elevators and were again advised the shooter was on the 32^nd floor. The

officers made a decision to respond to the 31^st floor and take the stairwell to the 32^nd floor.

LVMPD officers converged on the Las Vegas Village and Mandalay Bay. Officers formed

multiple Strike Teams and entered the Mandalay Bay from various entrance points. A team of

officers, including a Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) officer, reached the 32^nd floor via the

stairwell in the 100 Wing. Officers did not hear gunfire coming from Room 32-135. Officers were

able to manually breach the “L” bracket on the stairwell door and gain access to the hallway.

Officers immediately observed a food service cart, which had wires running under the door into

Room 32-134, and prepared themselves for the possibility of an improvised explosive device

(IED). The decision was made to use an explosive breach to make entry into Room 32-135.

After a successful breach of the doors to Room 32-135, officers entered and found a male

(Paddock) deceased on the floor. Paddock appeared to have a self-inflicted gunshot wound to

the head. Officers cleared the remainder of the room and observed numerous rifles in various

locations as well as hundreds of expended casings. A second explosive breach was utilized to

gain access to Room 32-134 through the connecting doors. Immediately after the breach, a

SWAT officer negligently discharged his rifle. Officers cleared Room 32-134, finding several

more rifles in the room.

Officers, medical personnel, and concertgoers continued the evacuation of victims in the Las

Vegas Village venue. Several triage sites were established in the venue and surrounding area.

Injuries ranged from being minor in nature to fatal. Hundreds of wounded were transported to

area hospitals by ambulance and privately-owned citizen vehicles.

As the LVMPD’s investigative response occurred, it was decided early on (post-shooting) that

the LVMPD’s Homicide Section would handle the documentation of the venue and 31 bodies

found inside the venue and on the exterior perimeter. Homicide detectives worked closely with

crime scene analysts and investigators from the Clark County Office of the Coroner Medical

Examiner (CCOCME).

² Information obtained from LVMPD BWC.

LVMPD Internal Oversight & Constitutional Policing Bureau

Page 8 of 187

Force Investigation Team

LAS VEGAS METROPOLITAN POLICE DEPARTMENT

Criminal Investigative Report of the 1 October Mass Casualty Shooting

CONTINUATION

Event: 171001-3519

It was further decided the LVMPD’s Force Investigation Team (FIT) would take responsibility for

the Mandalay Bay crime scene to include the collection of evidence, documentation of the scene,

and the collection of Paddock’s body. This was all completed with the assistance from the

Federal Bureau of Investigation’s (FBI) Evidence Recovery Teams (ERT). FBI ERT handled the

collection of all evidence related to the Mandalay Bay and the Las Vegas Village venue.

FIT was given primary investigative responsibility over the investigation. The mission of FIT is to

provide thorough, accurate, and unbiased criminal investigations related to an LVMPD member’s

use of deadly force and other qualifying events resulting in death or substantial bodily harm.

LVMPD policy states that FIT is responsible for the criminal investigation of deadly force and

other high-risk critical incidents resulting in death or serious bodily injury. FIT is the primary

investigative unit for any incident wherein the department member, during the course of his/her

official duties, is the victim of a violent crime and sustains substantial injury.³

During the initial response to both scenes, FIT learned two LVMPD uniformed officers, Brady

Cook and Casey Clarkson, were struck by gunfire. Preliminary information was received that

Officer Charleston Hartfield was unaccounted for and presumed to have been struck by gunfire

as well. Officer Hartfield was attending the festival in an off-duty capacity and assisted

concertgoers in escaping the gunfire before he was fatally wounded. These factors are what

initiated a FIT response.

In the days, weeks, and months following the 1 October shooting, LVMPD worked, alongside

the FBI as well as numerous other local, state and federal agencies, to determine why the

shooting occurred. Briefings looked to answer the following two questions:

1)

Was there anyone, other than Paddock who took part in or assisted in the commission

of these crimes?

2)

What was Paddock’s motive?

This report was derived from the LVMPD’s preliminary investigative report that was released on

January 18, 2018. The findings from that preliminary report remain accurate and in accordance

with this final report. This report was authored to provide the reader with more information about

who, what, when, and where. Regretfully, this report will not be able to address the why.

FIT believed it was important to expand upon the suspectology of Paddock. Interviews from

family members are summarized in this report to include the Marilou Danley interviews. Early in

the investigation, Danley was a person of interest for the LVMPD and FBI to locate and interview.

FIT expanded the sequence of events in this report to provide the reader with a greater

knowledge of Paddock’s actions leading up to the day of the shooting. There is a strong belief

among investigators that the events leading up to 1 October began with Paddock’s actions and

behavior surrounding his stay at The Ogden Condominiums (The Ogden) located in downtown

Las Vegas. Whether he used the Life Is Beautiful music festival as a rehearsal or not, we will

³ LVMPD Department Manual 1/409.01 Internal Oversight and Constitutional Policing Bureau.

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never know. What we do know is the actions and behaviors displayed by Paddock at The Ogden

were consistent with those displayed at Mandalay Bay.

Also documented in this report is a detailed account of when Paddock purchased all of his

weapons. Summarized are the forensic results from each gun that was recovered from rooms

32-135 and 32-134. This report details which guns were discharged and how many rounds each

gun fired. DNA analysis concluded that there were no DNA anomalies to indicate anyone other

than Stephen Paddock was responsible.

Note: This is a criminal investigative report. This is not a review of every officer’s actions or

responses that took place that night. This report is meant to document the facts as to what

happened. This report also provides the reader with backg2round information as to the actions

taken by investigative personnel. An administrative review, which is an internal process, will

address issues surrounding tactics, training, decision making, policy and protocols.

II.

PEOPLE INVOLVED

Victims⁴

Deceased Victims

1)

Jack Reginald Beaton

Age: 54

Clark County Coroner’s Office case number: 17-10060

Clark County Coroner’s Office seal number: 727327

Time of death: 0545 hours on October 2, 2017

2)

Christopher Louis Roybal

Age: 28

Clark County Coroner’s Office case number: 17-10061

Clark County Coroner’s Office seal number: 727302

Time of death: 0545 hours on October 2, 2017

3)

Lisa Marie Patterson

Age: 46

Clark County Coroner’s Office case number: 17-10062

Clark County Coroner’s Office seal number: 732484

Time of death: 0545 hours on October 2, 2017

4)

Adrian Allan Murfitt

Age: 35

Clark County Coroner’s Office case number: 17-10063

Clark County Coroner’s Office seal number: 737364

Time of death: 0545 hours on October 2, 2017

⁴ Information was obtained from reports produced by the CCOCME.

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In the immediate aftermath of the shooting, victims locally sought treatment at Centennial Hills

Hospital Medical Center, Desert Springs Hospital Medical Center, Henderson Hospital, Mountain

View Hospital, Southern Hills Hospital & Medical Center, Southwest Medical Associates, Spring

Valley Hospital Medical Center, St. Rose Dominican - Rose de Lima Campus, San Martin

Campus, Siena Campus, Dignity Health neighborhood hospitals, Summerlin Hospital Medical

Center, Sunrise Hospital & Medical Center, Sunrise Quick/Urgent Care, University Medical

Center (UMC), UMC Urgent Care, and Valley Hospital Medical Center. Numerous out-of-state

medical facilities also reported having treated victims of the 1 October incident.

Fifty-eight people were confirmed deceased; 31 victims were confirmed deceased at the venue

and the remaining 27 victims were pronounced deceased at area hospitals. (4 victims were

pronounced at Desert Springs Hospital Medical Center; 3 victims were pronounced at Spring

Valley Hospital Medical Center; 16 victims were pronounced at Sunrise Hospital & Medical

Center; 3 victims were pronounced at University Medical Center; and 1 victim was pronounced

at Valley Hospital Medical Center.)

Approximately 869 people sustained documented physical injuries. Of those who sustained

injuries, FIT was able to confirm approximately

413 gunshot or shrapnel injury victims.

Approximately

360 victims sustained injuries other than gunshot or shrapnel injuries.

Approximately 96 people were identified as having sustained an injury, but the type of injury

sustained was unable to be confirmed.⁵

Suspect

Stephen Paddock

An extensive joint investigation involving the LVMPD and the FBI began immediately after the

incident into the life of Paddock.

At the time of the attack, Paddock was 64 years old. He owned residences in Mesquite, Nevada

(Mesquite) and Reno, Nevada (Reno) and lived with his girlfriend Marilou Danley. Paddock was

the oldest of four sons born to Benjamin Paddock and Irene Hudson (Paddock). Paddock’s father

was arrested and was incarcerated for bank robbery. Paddock and his brothers were raised

solely by their mother after Benjamin went to prison.

Paddock graduated high school and college. He worked for the United States Postal Service

during his college years. According to friends and family, Paddock began working for the Internal

Revenue Service (IRS) after college and later worked for several corporations, performing

accounting work. Paddock invested in real estate and made a substantial amount of money.

Paddock heavily invested, monetarily and emotionally, in any activity he began. He obtained his

pilot’s license and at one point owned an airplane. He learned to scuba dive and bought all

⁵ These numbers reflect data collected through August 2, 2018. Due to the mass number, types of injuries sustained,

and subjects who were treated and released prior to police contact, a definitive number of people who sustained

gunshot or shrapnel injuries is not known.

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III.

INCIDENT OVERVIEW

The Ogden

On September 17, 2017, Paddock checked into The Ogden where he was booked through

September 28, 2017, which overlapped his reservation at Mandalay Bay. The Ogden is a multi-

story condominium complex located in downtown Las Vegas. Paddock stayed in three different

units during this time.

(Life Is Beautiful venue with The Ogden in the backg2round.)

Paddock’s stay at The Ogden coincided with the Life Is Beautiful music festival. Similar to the

Route 91 Harvest music festival, the Life Is Beautiful music festival is held in multiple open-air

venues within the confines of several city blocks in downtown Las Vegas. The Ogden overlooks

several of those city blocks and music venues. Life Is Beautiful lasted from September 22

through September 24.

While staying at The Ogden, Paddock exhibited behavior which was similar to his time spent at

Mandalay Bay. Paddock left for long periods of time and moved a large amount of luggage

between his vehicle and the rooms he was staying in.⁶ Paddock gambled numerous times at

downtown Las Vegas casinos.⁷ Paddock was also observed moving numerous suitcases from

his vehicle to the various units he rented.

⁶ Information obtained by surveillance video.

⁷ Information obtained by surveillance video and staff interviews.

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Mandalay Bay

On Monday, September 25, Paddock checked into Room 32-135 of the Mandalay Bay with a

scheduled check-out date of October 2. On Friday September 29, Paddock checked into Room

32-134 which connected with Room 32-135 via connecting doors.

From September 25, through October 1, on several occasions, Paddock transported multiple

suitcases to his room. Paddock also left the Mandalay Bay on a number of occasions for long

periods of time, often returning to Mesquite.

(Diagram of 100 Wing of the 32^nd floor of Mandalay Bay.)

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IV.

INVESTIGATION

Timeline

The details listed below were gathered from several different sources.⁸ For the purpose of this

section, the sequence of events will begin on September 17 when Paddock checked into The

Ogden and will end with the LVMPD officers making entry into Paddock’s Mandalay Bay room.

All times in this section are approximates based upon different time sources and different

timestamps which were all utilized to document this section of the report. All dates and

times listed below occurred in the year 2017.

Between August 27 and September 14, Paddock made several reservations through Airbnb for

three different units at The Ogden. Unit 2315 was reserved from September 17 through

September 22. Unit 1220 was reserved from September 21 through September 23. Unit 1703

was reserved from September 24 through September 28. All units were north facing and had a

view of the Life Is Beautiful event venues which was held from September 22 through September

24.

All units at The Ogden are individually owned and rented out by the owners through a third party.

Because of this, check in is not conducted like most hotels. The owner contacts the concierge

when a unit is rented and adds the renter to their guest list. The renter picks up a key fob from

the concierge when they arrive.

On or around September 9, Paddock made his room reservation for a Vista Suite at the

Mandalay Bay, ending in 235 but not a specific floor. On September 20, Paddock’s reservation

was assigned by computer to Room 33-235. On September 21, Paddock’s reservation was

changed by computer to Room 32-235. On September 24, Paddock was assigned to Room 32-

135. ⁹

September 17 through October 1 ¹⁰

September 17

Overview:

Paddock checked into Unit 2315 at The Ogden with a scheduled check-out date of September 22.



At 2005 hours, Paddock removed a large trash bag from his vehicle. Paddock was

observed getting in and out of the elevator with the trash bag.



At 2014 hours, Paddock was in the parking garage with two roller bags.

⁸ LVMPD officer BWC’s; Uber video; interviews to include officers, civilians, and Mandalay Bay employees;

Mandalay Bay video surveillance; lock interrogation documents; cell phone videos and records.

⁹ All changes to Paddock’s rooms were done by a Mandalay Bay computer without Paddock’s knowledge.

¹⁰ Unless otherwise noted, observations or Paddock sightings were captured by video surveillance.

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

At 1531 hours, Paddock’s vehicle was in the parking garage of The Ogden.



At 1600 hours, Paddock was at the front desk and checked into Unit 1703.



From 2115 hours to 2216 hours, Paddock was inside the El Cortez Casino.



At 2314 hours, Paddock returned to The Ogden.

September 25

Overview:

The Life Is Beautiful event ended at approximately 0100 hours. Paddock checked into Mandalay

Bay Room 32-135 under his name. Paddock booked the connecting room (32-134) for

September 29 through October 2. Paddock was at Mizuya Sushi (inside the Mandalay Bay). He

then drove his vehicle from self-park to valet.¹¹



At 0137 hours, Paddock was in the lobby of The Ogden with a plastic bag.



At 0137 hours and again at 0259 hours, Paddock was walking around The Ogden.



At 0845 hours, Paddock exited the elevator on the 6^th floor of the parking garage with a

suitcase.



At 0915 hours, Paddock was in the lobby of The Ogden with a suitcase.



From 0928 hours to 1059 hours, Paddock was in the parking garage multiple times

rolling suitcase. Paddock’s vehicle was on various floors of The Ogden parking garage.



At 1405 hours, Paddock exited the elevator with a rolling suitcase and took it to his

vehicle. Paddock then returned to the elevator.



At 1414 hours, Paddock exited the elevator with a rolling suitcase and took it to his

vehicle. Paddock then returned to the elevator.



At 1422 hours, Paddock exited the elevator with a rolling suitcase and a laptop bag and

took them to his vehicle.



At 1425 hours, Paddock’s vehicle left The Ogden.



At 1446 hours, Paddock’s vehicle entered the Mandalay Bay self-parking area.



At 1533 hours, Paddock checked into Room 32-135 of the Mandalay Bay.



At 1656 hours, a bellman met Paddock and escorted him to Room 32-135. Paddock

requested to go through the service elevators and not through the guest elevators.

According to interviews, this request is not uncommon for guests of the hotel. Paddock

rolled one bag, and a bellman used a luggage cart for the other four bags.

¹¹ Confirmed by valet ticket #275263147.

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

From 2137 hours to 2140 hours, Paddock had his vehicle retrieved from valet, and

Paddock left the Mandalay Bay.



At 2300 hours, Paddock arrived in Mesquite.

September 26

Overview:

Paddock spent time at his home in Mesquite, downtown Las Vegas, and Mandalay Bay.



From 1012 to 1455 hours, according to cell phone records, Paddock’s cell phone was

located in Mesquite.



At 1535 hours, Paddock completed a wire transfer in Mesquite of $50,000 from his Wells

Fargo account to an account in the Philippines.¹²



From 2012 hours to 2100 hours, Paddock drove from Mesquite to The Ogden.



From 2102 hours to 2216 hours, Paddock walked around and gambled at the El Cortez

Hotel.



At 2223 hours, Paddock returned to The Ogden.



At 2234 hours, Paddock departed The Ogden and drove to Mandalay Bay.



From 2245 hours to 2252 hours, Paddock valeted his vehicle at Mandalay Bay and took

six suitcases (located on a luggage cart) and one rolling suitcase (Paddock rolled the

suitcase himself) up to Room 32-135 by way of the service elevator with help of a

bellman. (The bellman who escorted Paddock on September 25 was different than the

bellman who escorted Paddock on September 26).



At 2308 hours, Paddock began gambling at Mandalay Bay and continued gambling into

the next morning.

¹² Information obtained through federal grand jury subpoena.

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September 27

Overview:

Paddock spent several hours gambling at Mandalay Bay. Paddock spoke with his VIP host

reference wanting the “Vista Suite” at the end of the hall with the double doors. Paddock was

insistent on the suite and connecting room. Paddock wanted to be in the 200 Wing as it had a

better view, according to him. Paddock was upset about the room, but he was not angry.

Paddock never mentioned the reason why he wanted a connecting room.



At 0713 hours, Paddock stopped gambling, which he was doing continuously since the

previous night.



At 1556 hours, Paddock placed a room service order for two entrees, totaling $94.33.



At 1632 hours, Room 32-135 was cleaned by hotel staff. Paddock remained in the room

as it was cleaned.



At 2003 hours, Paddock was seen in the valet area of Mandalay Bay with two rolling

suitcases. Paddock had his vehicle retrieved from valet and left the Mandalay Bay at

2015 hours.



At 2029 hours, Paddock arrived at The Ogden.



From 2045 hours to 2200 hours, Paddock left The Ogden and drove to Mesquite, where

he arrived at 2200 hours.



At 2300 hours, Paddock arrived at the Walmart in Mesquite. He purchased luggage,

razor blades, fake flowers, a vase and a Styrofoam ball.

September 28

Overview:

In Mesquite Paddock purchased a .308 bolt action rifle, deposited $14,000 into a Wells Fargo

account, and wire transferred $50,000 to an account in the Philippines. Paddock visited an

unofficial gun range in Mesquite before traveling back to the Mandalay Bay.¹³



From 0227 hours to 1420 hours, Paddock’s cell phone was located in Mesquite

according to cell phone records.



From 1444 hours to 1501 hours, Paddock made a $14,000 deposit at Wells Fargo and

transferred $50,000 to a bank in the Philippines.¹⁴



At 1523 hours, Paddock purchased a .308 bolt action rifle from a gun store in Mesquite.



From 1723 hours to 1803 hours, Paddock drove to the area of the City of Mesquite

landfill located at 3200 Mesquite Heights Road (The landfill area is also an unofficial

gun range in a rural area of Mesquite).



From 2042 hours to 2146 hours, Paddock traveled from Mesquite to the Mandalay Bay

and parked in valet. Paddock entered the Mandalay Bay with two rolling suitcases and

a laptop bag.



At 2218 hours, Paddock began gambling at Mandalay Bay and continued gambling into

the next morning.

¹³ The unofficial gun range was determined to be the City of Mesquite landfill.

¹⁴ Information obtained through federal grand jury subpoena.

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

At 1952 hours, Paddock drove from Mandalay Bay to Mesquite and arrived at 2057

hours.

October 1

Overview:

From 0206 to 2040 hours, Paddock departed Mesquite and returned to Mandalay Bay. He spent

several hours gambling, brought more suitcases to his room, and ordered room service.



At 0206 hours, Paddock left Mesquite.



At 0305 hours, Paddock arrived at the self-parking garage at the Mandalay Bay.



From 0324 to 0734 hours, Paddock walked around the casino and gambled. Paddock

used his own and Marilou Danley’s player’s cards.



At 0737 hours, Paddock returned to his room.



From 1222 to 1226 hours, Paddock moved his vehicle from the self-park garage to valet.

This valet transaction was the only parking transaction during his stay at Mandalay Bay

that was completed in Danley’s name.¹⁵



At 1229 hours, Paddock was observed waiting for an elevator with two rolling suitcases.

There was also a third bag hanging from one of the rolling suitcases.



At 1233 hours, a room service ticket was opened for Room 32-134.



At 1317 hours, Mandalay Bay valet parked Paddock’s vehicle in “Garage East”, space

#317.¹⁶



At 1337 hours, the room service ticket in Danley’s name was closed out for Room 32-

134.¹⁷ The check totaled $67.60 and included two entrees.



From 1423 to 1940 hours, the doors for Rooms 32-134 and 32-135 were manipulated

multiple times. For example, the doors were opened, closed, and the dead bolt locks

were engaged and disengaged several times.

¹⁵ Valet ticket #275274484.

¹⁶ This is the same space detectives located the vehicle in after the shooting.

¹⁷ Room service ticket #51592684.

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From 2040 to 2205 hours, a series of events led up to the mass shooting conducted by

Paddock:



At 2040 hours, a HotSOS alarm was generated for Room 32-129.



At 2118 hours, the HotSOS call was assigned to Security Officer Campos via his

cellphone. Security Officer Campos was assigned five HotSOS calls during the 2118

hours cellphone call. According to interviews of hotel staff, it is common practice to

assign HotSOS calls to security officers and then immediately close out the HotSOS

tickets prior to a security officers actually checking out the room. Security Officer

Campos handled the HotSOS call for Room 32-129 last.



At 2136 hours, the dead bolt to Room 32-135 was engaged.



At 2140 hours, Jason Aldean started his performance at the Route 91 Harvest music

festival.



At 2146 hours, the dead bolt to Room 32-134 was engaged.

2146 to 2204 hours



Security Officer Campos entered the service elevator at 2146 hours and got off on the

30^th floor at 2147 hours.



Security Officer Campos walked to the stairwell in the 100 Wing of the 30^th floor and

walked up to the 32^nd floor.



Security Officer Campos could not gain entry to the 32^nd floor due to the door being

barricaded.¹⁸



Security Officer Campos walked up the stairs to the 33^rd floor. Security Officer Campos

walked down the 100 Wing of the 33^rd floor to Center Core. He took a guest elevator to

the 32^nd floor.



At 2200 hours, Security Officer Campos exited the guest elevator and walked up the

100 Wing toward Room 32-129. Security Officer Campos checked Room 32-129 and

found it was secure. Security Officer Campos walked into the foyer leading to the

stairwell and observed the “L” bracket screwed into the door and frame.



At 2204 hours, Security Officer Campos picked up a house phone located inside the

small foyer leading to the stairwell and called security dispatch to report the “L” bracket

on the door to the stairs. Security dispatch transferred the call to maintenance dispatch.

The maintenance dispatcher then transferred Security Officer Campos to the

maintenance supervisor’s cell phone.

¹⁸ The investigation would reveal the door leading from the stairwell to the 32^nd floor was barricaded by an “L”

bracket screwed into the door and the door frame.

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From 2205 to 2216 hours, Paddock committed a mass casualty shooting that left 58 people dead

and over 800 hundred injured:

2205 hours



Engineer Schuck was contacted by the maintenance dispatcher via his radio.



Paddock fired two single gunshots into the Las Vegas Village area.



Paddock fired an undetermined amount of gunshots into the Las Vegas Village area.

2206 hours



Security Officer Campos ended the phone call and hung up the house phone. After

hanging up the phone, Security Officer Campos heard what he described as rapid

drilling noises.



Paddock fired approximately 100 rounds into the Las Vegas Village area.



Security Officer Campos began walking down the 100 Wing toward Center Core.



Engineer Schuck was told by his supervisor to go to the 32^nd floor.



LVMPD unit 169SE broadcast over the Convention Center Area Command (CCAC)

radio channel, “169SE, we got shots fired, 415A at the Route 91. Sounded like an

automatic firearm.”



Paddock fired rounds down the hallway at Security Officer Campos. Security Officer

Campos was struck in the left calf with a bullet fragment. He took cover in the alcove

between rooms 32-122 and 32-124.¹⁹



Security Officer Campos told his dispatcher via his radio, “Hey, there’s shots fired in,

uh, 32-135.”



Engineer Schuck’s dispatcher told him specifically where to go on the 32^nd floor.

Engineer Schuck left the 62^nd floor and walked to the service elevators with his

equipment cart. The service elevators are located in the 200 Wing of the hotel.

2207 hours



Paddock fired approximately 95 rounds into the Las Vegas Village area.



LVMPD Officers Varsin and Hendrex left the Mandalay Bay Security Office with two

armed Mandalay Bay security officers.



Paddock fired approximately 100 rounds into the Las Vegas Village area.



Paddock fired approximately 94 rounds into the Las Vegas Village area.

2208 hours



Paddock fired the first round at the fuel tank (missed tank).



LVMPD CAD Event 171001-3519 was generated for the shooting incident.

2209 hours



Paddock fired the second round at the fuel tank (missed tank).



Paddock fired the third round at the fuel tank (missed tank).

¹⁹ Information determined through the investigation and contradicts the statement by Campos.

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

Paddock fired the fourth round at the fuel tank (missed tank).



Paddock fired the fifth round at the fuel tank, first strike into the fuel tank (top strike).



Paddock fired the sixth round at the fuel tank, second strike into fuel tank (lower strike).

The investigation was unable to determine when the seventh and eighth rounds were

fired at the fuel tank.²⁰



Paddock fired a number of rounds into the Las Vegas Village area.

(McCarran International Airport fuel tank with bullet strikes.)

(Upper bullet strike.)

(Lower bullet strike.)

2210 hours



Engineer Schuck arrived at Center Core of the 32^nd floor and walked up the 100 Wing

toward Room 32-135. As he walked, Engineer Schuck heard what he believed to be a

jackhammer sound in the distance. Engineer Schuck quickly realized it was automatic

²⁰ Sequence determined through audio of Uber video. There were eight .308 casings located inside of Room 32-

134.

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gunfire.²¹ After the gunshots stopped, Security Officer Campos yelled at Engineer

Schuck to take cover.



Engineer Schuck turned and took cover in the alcove between rooms 32-117 and 32-

119. Paddock fired rounds down the hallway at Engineer Schuck. He was not struck by

gunfire. Engineer Shuck attempted to open Room 32-117 with his master key card;

however, the dead bolt lock was engaged, and he was unable to gain entry into the

room.



Engineer Schuck stated over his radio, “Shannon, call the police. Someone’s firing a

rifle on the 32^nd floor down the hallway.”

2211 hours



LVMPD officers Varsin and Hendrex arrived at Center Core area of the 31^st floor and

began walking up the 100 Wing, along with armed security officers from Mandalay Bay.



Paddock fired approximately 80-100 rounds into the Las Vegas Village area.



Paddock fired approximately 95 rounds into the Las Vegas Village area.

2212 hours



Two armed Mandalay Bay security officers exited the guest elevator on the 32^nd floor

and went to Center Core.



Paddock fired approximately 80-90 rounds into the Las Vegas Village area.



Paddock fired an unknown number of rounds into the Las Vegas Village area. LVMPD

officers Clarkson and Cook were struck by gunfire during this volley.



Officer Hendrex and a Mandalay Bay security officer advised over their respective

radios they were on the 31^st floor and could hear rapid gunfire above them.

2213 hours



Paddock fired an undetermined number of rounds into the Las Vegas Village area.

2215 hours



Paddock fired two separate volleys of an unknown number of rounds into the Las Vegas

Village area.

2216 hours



LVMPD officers Varsin and Hendrex, along with Mandalay Bay security officers, made

entry into the stairwell on the 31^st floor.

²¹ The investigation determined at the time Engineer Schuck heard the gunfire, Paddock fired approximately 21

rounds at the Las Vegas Village area.

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Security Officer Campos stated he walked down the stairwell to the 31^st floor, entered the

hallway, and walked to Center Core. He used the guest elevator to go to the 32^nd floor. (Video

surveillance showed Security Officer Campos took the stairwell up to the 33^rd floor, then took a

guest elevator to access the 32^nd floor.)

(Door secured by “L” bracket from stairwell and inside foyer.)

Security Officer Campos proceeded directly to the end of the 100 Wing hallway, opened the

inner door of the foyer entrance to the stairwell, and observed the “L” bracket screwed into the

doorframe and door that opens into the stairwell. He realized this is what kept the door secured.

Security Officer Campos utilized the house phone mounted inside the foyer to notify the security

dispatcher of the bracket. The information was passed to the engineering section.

(100 Wing hallway from Center Core toward Room 32-135.)

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(Door leading from 100 Wing hallway into foyer and stairwell.)

Security Officer Campos hung up the phone, heard what he described as a loud rapid drilling

sound coming from Room 32-135. He believed the drilling sounded like it was coming from deep

inside the room.

While walking toward Center Core, Security Officer Campos heard gunfire coming from Room

32-135 and ran down the hallway. Security Officer Campos realized he was shot in his left calf

as he took cover in the alcove of rooms 32-122 and 32-124. Using both his radio and cell phone,

Security Officer Campos advised the security dispatcher he had been shot in the leg with a BB

or pellet gun and was injured. He stayed in the alcove while on his phone with the dispatcher

waiting for help. Security Officer Campos heard more gunshots coming from inside Room 32-

135, but no rounds were coming down the hallway.

As country music performer Jason Aldean performed on stage, LVMPD officers working the

interior of the event heard what they described as fireworks going off. Officer Hutchason and

Special Events Coordinator Rodriquez, who were in the command post with security personnel,

used the video monitors to look for the source of the noise. Upon recognizing the source of the

noise to be gunfire, Coordinator Rodriguez directed all officers to change their radios to the

Convention Center Area Command (CCAC) radio channel. Coordinator Rodriguez monitored

both the Events radio channel and CCAC radio channel throughout the incident.

LVMPD officers inside the Las Vegas Village recognized the sounds were coming from the

southwest. Part of the crowd started to move toward the exits. Shortly after hearing the initial

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gunfire, LVMPD officers heard the first long burst of described automatic gunfire. Once officers

recognized the sound to be gunfire, they immediately searched for the gunman.

Security personnel along with LVMPD officers Hendrex and Varsin were in the security office of

Mandalay Bay with two females being detained for trespass. They became aware via the radio

of an active shooter call. Security Manager Oelke headed toward the Luxor side of the property

when another call came over the radio that a security officer had been shot with a pellet gun in

the tower of the Mandalay Bay.²²

Security Manager Oelke ran to Center Core guest elevators of the Mandalay Bay and met with

security managers Sottile, Umstott, and LVMPD officers Hendrex and Varsin. As they arrived at

the elevators, Engineering Supervisor Shannon Alsbury was holding the elevator door open.

Engineering Supervisor Alsbury used a key to lock out the elevator and keep it from being

stopped by guests trying to get on. There was conflicting information being broadcast on the

exact location of the shooter(s), whether it was on the 29^th, 31^st, 32^nd or the 33^rd floors. While on

the elevator, they decided to check all the floors.

As the door opened on the 31^st floor, security managers Oelke and Umstott and LVMPD officers

Hendrex and Varsin exited and walked up the 100 Wing upon hearing gunshots coming from an

unknown direction. Security Manager Sottile and Engineering Supervisor Alsbury continued to

the 32^nd floor on the elevator.

At the Las Vegas Village, LVMPD officers observed the crowd move away from the southwest

portion of the venue. They believed an active shooter was in that area. As officers moved toward

the stage, they heard several more bursts of gunfire. Officers directed citizens to get on the

ground as they looked for a gunman. As officers moved through the crowd, they observed

several citizens wounded and deceased. Officer Polion advised LVMPD Dispatch of shots fired

and multiple casualties. The radio traffic was accidently broadcast on South East Area

Command (SEAC) radio channel.

Officers assigned to the venue near Reno Avenue and Las Vegas Boulevard began to move

south along Las Vegas Boulevard. They believed the gunfire was coming from the south end of

Las Vegas Village. As they moved southbound, officers directed civilians away from the area.

The officers received direct gunfire and took cover behind a wall as bullets impacted around

them. Between bursts of gunfire, officers evacuated civilians and administered first aid to the

wounded.

Officers assigned to the venue near Mandalay Bay Drive and Las Vegas Boulevard heard the

initial gunshots followed by a long burst of gunfire. Detective Balonek, who was on Mandalay

Bay Drive east of Las Vegas Boulevard, believed the gunfire was coming from inside the Las

Vegas Village or from an elevated position. He retrieved his binoculars from his vehicle and

scanned the north-facing tower of Mandalay Bay. Approximately three-quarters of the way up

the tower on the north end, Detective Balonek observed a silhouette of a male standing in a

shooting position several feet back from a window. Detective Balonek could not see muzzle

flashes; however, he did observe smoke. Detective Balonek could not broadcast on the radio,

²² Security Officer Campos.

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At the Las Vegas Village, officers encountered people who were hiding in multiple locations and

evacuated them. Additional teams of officers arrived and swept the remaining areas of the Las

Vegas Village. Once evacuations were completed, the scene was secured.

SWAT Officer Hancock, along with Sergeant Bitsko and Officer Newton, went to the 31^st floor

and ascended the stairs to the 32^nd floor. In the stairwell, they met with LVMPD Officers Hendrex

and Varsin and Mandalay Bay security personnel. SWAT Officer Hancock attempted to open the

first of two doors to enter the hallway but could not due to the “L” bracket.

(“L” bracket after the door was manually breached.)

SWAT Officer Hancock and Sergeant Bitsko manually breached the inner door leading to the

foyer of the 32^nd floor. Once in the foyer, the door leading to the 100 Wing hallway was cracked

open enough to see the doors to rooms 32-135 and 32-134. Both doors were closed, and a room

service cart was located in front of Room 32-134. A white tablecloth was draped over the service

cart with various items on top of the tablecloth. Officers observed wires leading from the service

cart to Room 32-134 and believed the suspect may have set an IED.

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(Food service cart from foyer between 100 Wing hallway and stairwell.)

A decision was made to enter Room 32-135 utilizing an explosive breach and the other officers

in the area were notified. No gunfire had been heard from the suspect’s room for approximately

40 minutes. Officers decided entry was necessary to the room to determine if the suspect was

still inside and to stop any further shooting. SWAT Lieutenant Huddler was advised by SWAT

Officer Hancock that the door to Room 32-135 was going to be breached using explosives.

Officer Newton stepped into the hallway and utilized a ballistic shield to provide cover for SWAT

Officer Hancock as he set the breach on the door while Sergeant Bitsko covered the door to

Room 32-134. Sergeant Bitsko observed a camera on the food service cart in the hallway. He

covered the camera and turned it away from the doorway while SWAT Officer Hancock hung the

explosive on the door to Room 32-135. Once the charge was hung on the door, the officers

returned to the stairwell.

(Bullet holes in door to Room 32-135 prior to breach.)

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On October 1, at approximately 1226 hours, Calloway was working in valet when Paddock

arrived in his Chrysler van. Calloway approached Paddock’s van to welcome him. Paddock was

alone in the van and Calloway asked Paddock if he was checking in. Paddock stated he already

had a room and started to give Calloway the room number. Calloway stopped Paddock by telling

him he only needed the name on the room. Paddock stated the room was under Marilou Danley’s

name.

Calloway stated nothing stood out in reference to Paddock’s behavior and did not remember

seeing him with any bags. The only thing Calloway thought was strange was the fact Paddock

checked his vehicle in under Danley’s name.

Jesus Campos (Security Officer)

On October 4, at approximately 1255 hours, detective Penny conducted an audio recorded

interview with Jesus Campos inside the Mandalay Bay. Also present was his union

Representative. Below is a summary of the interview.

Campos is an unarmed security guard for the Mandalay Bay and was working his shift. Campos

stated at approximately 2200 hours, he was advised by his dispatch to check a HotSOS alarm.

The alarm location was Room 32-129. Campos went to the floor using the stairwell at the end of

the tower. Upon reaching the 32^nd floor, he was unable to open the door from the stairwell, which

was unusual.

Campos stated he walked down to the 31^st floor and came back to the 32^nd from the elevator.

Campos walked directly to the stairwell door which is next to Room 32-135. Upon opening the

hallway door to the stairwell, he saw the secondary door leading to the stairs was secured with

a metal bracket. He contacted his security dispatch, inquired about it and was told to contact

maintenance. Campos was told by maintenance they knew nothing about it.

While Campos was standing at the stairwell doors, he started to hear an industrial drill sound

coming from inside Room 32-135. Campos walked from that location toward Center Core of the

floor and stated he was near Room 32-129 when he heard gunfire behind him. As Campos

started running, he was struck in the left calf. Campos hid in the alcove of rooms 32-121 and 32-

123 as he broadcast over the radio and called into his dispatch reporting gunfire and that he was

shot.²³ Campos stated the gunfire was coming from Room 32-135. As Campos hid, he heard

more gunfire coming from up the hall.

Campos stated three armed security officers were sent to his location. While in the hallway, he

started hearing more gunfire which he believed lasted about 10 minutes. He believed the gunfire

was being directed outside. Campos waited until he did not hear any more gunfire from the room

before he decided to run to Center Core.

As Campos arrived at Center Core, he made contact with four Metro officers. Campos gave

them information about the location of the shooter. He told the officers the suspect was shooting

²³ Determined to be rooms 32-122 and 32-124 during the investigation.

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through the peephole. Campos then went to the lower level of the hotel and received medical

attention.

Campos stated when checking the stairwell door, he did not remember seeing a room service

cart in the hallway outside of Room 32-135. He also stated while pinned down, he never peeked

out and looked in the direction of the room for fear of being shot. Campos did not leave the

alcove until after the gunfire stopped. The only suspicious noise he heard from Room 32-135

was the drilling.

Campos did not see the suspect (Paddock) during the incident.

Daniel Cruz (Valet Attendant)

On October 3, at approximately 1959 hours, detectives DeAngelis and Downing conducted an

audio recorded interview with Daniel Cruz inside the Mandalay Bay. Also present for the

interview was MGM Attorney Ashley Eddy. Below is a summary of the interview.

On September 26, Cruz was working in valet. Paddock arrived in a van, and Cruz greeted him.

Cruz stated he knows Paddock because he is a regular at the Mandalay Bay and always tells

the valet attendants his name is “Stephen with a PH Paddock.” Cruz was not 100% sure if

Paddock was by himself. Cruz described Paddock as a friendly guy who usually tipped five

dollars.

Cruz stated he was working on Friday, September 29, and saw Paddock in the valet area

standing next to his vehicle with a short Asian female. Cruz believed Paddock was drunk, and

the Asian female was happy and nice. Cruz asked Paddock where he was coming from and he

replied, “That concert across the street.” Paddock gave Cruz five dollars and Cruz left. Cruz

stated he was 100% sure it was Paddock and he was 100% sure it was Friday because he took

Saturday (September 30) off. Cruz could not remember what Paddock or the Asian female were

wearing, and nothing “stuck out” from his interaction with Paddock.

On October 5, at approximately 1046 hours, detectives DeAngelis and Downing along with MGM

Attorney Ashley Eddy interviewed Cruz a second time. Detective DeAngelis explained to Cruz

that they wanted to question him again reference the interaction he had with Paddock on Friday,

September 29. Detective DeAngelis told Cruz he had some time to think about it, referring to the

last interview, and then asked Cruz if he was “100% positive what you told us or has anything

changed.” Cruz replied, “No, it’s the same.”

Cruz explained he wasn’t sure if the female with Paddock was Danley, but Paddock was with an

Asian female. The female was driving the vehicle, and Paddock was the passenger. As Cruz

explained how they were in the vehicle when he observed them, an unknown female interrupted

the interview with detectives and the interview and recording stopped.²⁴

²⁴ The interview was stopped due to an interruption and resumed shortly after.

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