Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. STANDARD CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS (PART 1 - ROADS, Second Edition 2020)

ENERAL

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1

Introduction to the Standard Construction
Specifications

1.1.1

Purpose and Scope

Scope of this document is to support and direct the construction of roads and road structures in the
Abu Dhabi Emirate.

Specifications establish minimum acceptance requirements and provide uniform technical criteria for
items of work to construct new facilities or rehabilitate existing transportation infrastructure. These
Specifications are supplemented by the Standard Bill of Quantities, which includes the measurement
and payment descriptions.

1.1.2

Application of This Document

This document defines standard construction specifications for roads and road structures that
provide a Contractual basis for the Contractor

’s requirements for implementing road construction

projects and requirements for construction managers to follow. These Specifications are a part of all
Owner tender and Contract documents for roads and road structures projects construction.

These Specifications apply to all Owner road and road structures work projects, including new roads,
rehabilitation of existing roads, and road structures. These Specifications apply to both urban and
rural roads and accommodate variations in climate and terrain from one region in the Emirate to
another.

This Specification document provides the scope of work description, material standards, and
performance and quality acceptance criteria for the items of work involved in implementing the
Owner

’s road construction Contracts. These Specifications are the basis for review and acceptance

of all Contractor supplied materials and Contractor performed work.

Designers and project Engineers who have technically sound roadway design and implementation
expertise can also use these Standard Specifications as guidance when describing items of work for
the preparation of a roadway development or rehabilitation for inclusion in their resulting set of tender
documents.

Primary users of these standard specifications include the following:

a. The Owner and other municipality agency Engineers who develop road designs and

associated construction tender documents

b. Engineers and consultants who perform final road designs and develop tender documents for

the Owner and other agencies in Abu Dhabi Emirate

c. The Owner, agencies, and the consultant Engineers who perform construction supervision of

road works

d. The Contractors and consultants who tender for the Owner road construction projects and

those construction Engineers who manage the site work

e. All Engineers, consultants, and Contractors working on road projects in Abu Dhabi Emirate

The Owner is responsible for making revisions and updates to these Standard Specifications for
Road and Road Structure Works, and for overseeing its implementation. This Standard
Specifications document supersedes all Standard Specifications previously used by the Owner for
Contractual road work construction within the Emirate.

1.1.3

How to Use This Document

This  document  is  a  set  of  standard  construction  specifications  that  apply  for  all  road  work
construction  in  Abu  Dhabi  Emirate.  This  document  should  be  included  as  part  of  the  Contract
Documents for all roads and road structures construction projects.

This document contains specifications for most construction work items for typical highway, road and
parking projects. For specific work that is unique to a particular project, these Standard Specifications
should be supplemented with particulars of specific material and construction requirement
specifications for such work as part of that Contract

’s “Particular Specifications.”

1.1.4

Content and Format

These Standard Construction Specifications include three Parts as described in the following articles
under this section. Every Part is divided into separate chapters, and each chapter contains different
sections for the items of work appropriate to that chapter’s category. Each section for an item of work
includes the following subsections:

a. Description: General description of what this work item entails

b. Materials: Lists the various materials required for the item of work, with specific testing and

performance specifications that are the basis for the acceptance of those materials

c. Construction requirements: Contains the detailed methodology that the Contractor shall use to

install the item of work or the physical performance requirements for the completed work. This
section also includes the performance testing and inspection criteria that are used as the basis
of acceptance of the completed work.

These Standard Specifications do not include measurement and payment descriptions for items of
work. Measurement and payment descriptions are includ

ed in the Contract’s “bills of quantities”

(BOQ), in which the reference between the two documents is the work item description.

1.1.4.1

Part 1

– Roads

Part  1  of  the  Standard  Construction  Specifications  includes  those  specifications  required  for
construction of general road works that are typically included in road and highway projects.  This
part  of  the  Specifications  includes  the  following  applicable  chapters  which  are  supported  by  the
specifications in Part 2 :

a. Chapter 1 - General Requirements: Describes the responsibilities and duties of the Contractor

for administrating and conducting the work as well as requirements for temporary works.

b. Chapter 2 - Earthworks: Includes work items for all roadway excavation and backfill.

c. Chapter 3 - Pavement: Contains the material and construction requirements for new

construction and rehabilitation of pavements including asphaltic and Portland cement types.

d. Chapter 4 - Concrete Works: Provides for design and control of concrete mixes along with

requirements for formwork, reinforcement, placing and curing for minor structure work that is
typically associated with road construction.

e. Chapter 5 - Reinforcing Steel: Provides material and fabrication requirements for concrete

reinforcement.

f. Chapter 6 - Masonry: Provides material and construction requirements for concrete block,

brick and stone masonry.

g. Chapter 7 - Incidental Construction: Contains material and construction requirements for

incidental road work items such as guardrails, kerbs, barriers, traffic control devices, finishes,
etc.

h. Chapter 8 - Traffic Markings and Signs: Describes the materials and installation procedures

needed for traffic markings and construction of various types of road and highway signs.

i. Chapter 9 - Traffic Control System: Contains work items related to permanent traffic controls.

j. Chapter 10 - Lighting and Electrical Distribution Works: Provides material and construction

requirements for roadway lighting and electrical distribution works.

k. Chapter 11 - Utilities: Provides materials and installation descriptions for utility works and street

furniture including protection requirements for all utilities that may be encountered.

l. Chapter 12 - Stormwater Drainage: Includes work items related to installation of roadway runoff

collection and discharge as well as subsurface groundwater and facilities.

m. Chapter 13 - Landscaping and Irrigation: Provides materials and installation descriptions for

project performed landscaping and irrigation works.

1.1.4.2

Part 2

– Road Structures

Part  2  of  the  Standard  Construction  Specifications  includes  those  specifications  required  for
construction of major structures that are typically included in some road and highway projects.  This
part  of  the  Specifications  includes  the  following  applicable  chapters  which  are  supported  by  the
specifications in Part 1:

Chapter 16 - Introduction

Chapter 17 - Drilled Piles: Sets out requirements for Drilled Piles and their testing.

Chapter 18 - Driven Piles: Outlines requirements to be followed for Driven Piles Works.

Chapter 19 - Ground Anchors: Provides requirements to be followed for permanent ground
anchors and their testing.

Chapter 20 - Earth Retaining Systems: Provides requirements for Earth Retaining systems.

Chapter 21 - Concrete Structures: Contains requirements for the construction of major
concrete structures such as bridges, underpasses, tunnels, and culverts.

Chapter 22 - Prestressing Steel: Provides prestressing requirements for pre-tensioning or post-
tensioning precast or cast-in-place concrete

Chapter 23 - Steel Structures: Includes standards for steel structures and non-destructive
testing.

Chapter 24 - Painting:

Provides requirements for surface treatment and painting of steel,

aluminium, and concrete surfaces to control corrosion and deterioration in both aggressive &
less aggressive environment.

Chapter 25 - Bearing Devices:

Outlines requirements for furnishing and installing bridge

bearings.

Chapter 26 - Bridge Deck Joint Systems: Contains standards for furnishing and installing
bridge deck joint systems at locations where significant movements are expected or at fixed
joints.

Chapter 27 - Railings: Provides materials and installation descriptions for concrete, steel, and
aluminium railings and traffic barriers.

Chapter 28 - Waterproofing: Includes standards and requirements for installation of
waterproofing systems on concrete surfaces.

Chapter 29 - Miscellaneous Items for Structures: Outlines standards and requirements for
miscellaneous items that are not otherwise covered in these standard specifications.

Chapter 30 - Miscellaneous Metals: Outlines requirements for furnishing and installing
miscellaneous metal items.

Chapter 31 - Metal Culverts: Contains requirements for the fabrication, erection, and inspection
of metal culverts.

Chapter 32 - Precast Concrete Culverts: Contains requirements for the fabrication, erection,
and inspection of buried precast concrete culverts.

Chapter 33 - Bridge Access Systems: Outlines requirements for different bridge access
systems utilized for long-term inspection, operation, and maintenance.

Chapter 34 - Road Tunnels: Provides general requirements for different types of tunnel
construction methods such as cut-and-cover tunnels, mined and bored tunnels in rock and soft
ground, NATM tunnels, and immersed tunnels.

Chapter 35 - Bridge and Underpass Load Testing: Outlines requirements for static load testing
as part of the acceptance process of new bridges and underpasses.

1.2

Abbreviations

Following abbreviations are used in these standard specifications:

cm: Centimetre

d: Day

dia: Diameter

ha: Hectare

h: Hour

kg: Kilogram

km: Kilometre

kN: kilo Newton

kW: Kilowatt

l: Litre

MDD: Maximum dry density

m: Metre

: Square metre

: Cubic metre

mg: Milligram

mm: Millimetre

: square millimetre

months: Months

MPa: Mega Pascal

nr: Number

sec: Second

set: Set

t: Ton

Reference to a technical society, institution, association or  governmental authority is made in the
specifications  in  accordance  with  the  following  abbreviations  as  well  as  those  indicated  on  the
Contract plans:

AA: Aluminium Association

AABC: Associated Air Balance Council

AAN: American Association of Nurserymen

AAMA: American Architectural Manufacturers
Association

AASHTO: American Association of State
Highway and Transportation Officials

ACI: American Concrete Institute

ADC: Air Diffuser Council

ADWEA: Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity
Authority

AFI: Air Filter Institute

AGCA: Association General Contractors of
America

AIA: American Institute of Architects

AIMA: Acoustical & Insulating Materials
Association

AIEE:

American

Institute

Electrical

Engineering

AISC: American Institute of Steel Construction

AISI: American Iron & Steel Institute

AITC:

American

Institute

Timber

Construction

ALS: American Lumber Standards

AMCA: Air Moving & Conditioning Association

ANSI: American National Standards Institute

AOAC: Association of Official Agricultural
Chemists

APA: American Plywood Association

ARI: Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Institute

AS: Australian Standards

ASAHC: American Society of Architectural
Hardware Engineers

ASHRAE: American Society of Heating,

Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers

ENERAL

ASSE:

American

Society

Sanitary

Engineering

ASTM: American Society for Testing &
Materials, ASTM International

AWI: Architectural Woodwork Institute

AWPA:

American

Wood

Preservers

Association

AWPI: American Wood Preservers Institute

AWS: American Welding Society

AWWA: American Water Works Association

BHMA: Builders Hardware Manufacturers
Association

BIA: Brick Institute of America

BRI: Building Research Institute

BS: British Standard

BSCP: British Standard Code of Practice

BS EN: European Standards

BSI: British Standards Institution

CDA: Copper Development Association

CEE: International Commission on Rules for
Approval of Electrical Equipment (Europe)

CIRIA: Construction Industry Research and
Information Association

CRSI: Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute

CS: Commercial Standard, U.S. Department
of Commerce

CSI: Construction Specifications Institute

CSP: Certified Safety Professional

CTI: Cooling Tower Institute

DIN:

Deutsche

Institute

for

Normung,

Germany

EAD: Environmental Abu Dhabi

ETISALAT: Emirates Telecommunications
Corporation

FGMA: Flat Glass Marketing Association

FPL: Forest Products Laboratory

FS: Federal Specification (U.S.)

FSIWA: Federation of Sewage & Industrial
Waste Association

FTI: Facing Tile Institute

GA: Gypsum Association

GTA: Glass Tempering Association

HPMA: Hardwood Plywood Manufacturers
Association

IEC: Int'l. Electrotechnical Commission

IEE: Institute of Elect. Engineers of London

IEEE: Institute of Elect. & Electronics
Engineers

IES: Illuminating Engineering Society

ISA: Instrument Society of America

ISO:

International

Organization

for

Standardization, Switzerland

MIA: Marble Institute of America

MLMA: Metal Lath Manufacturers Association

MSSVFI:

Manufacturers

Standardization

Society of the Valves and Fittings Industries

NAAMM: National Association of Architectural
Metal Manufacturers

NACE:

National

Association

Corrosion

Engineers

NAFM:

National

Association

Fan

Manufacturers

NAPF: National Association of Plastic
Manufacturers

NBGQA: National Building Granite Quarries
Association

NBHA

National

Builders

Hardware Association

NBS: National Bureau of Standards

NCMA:

National

Concrete

Masonry

Association

NEC: National Electrical Code (NPFA No.70)

NEMA: National Electrical Manufacturers
Association

NEMI: National Elevator Mfg. Industry, Inc.

NFC: National Fire Code

NFPA: National Fire Protection Association

NFPA: National Forest Products Association

NHLA:

National

Hardwood

Lumber

Association

NHPMA:

National

Hardwood

Pine

Manufactures Association

NPA: National Particleboard Association

NRMCA: National Ready Mixed Concrete
Association

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NSC: National Safety Council

NSF: National Sanitation Foundation

NTMA:

National

Terrazzo

Mosaic

Association

NWC: National Water Council, UK

NWMA: National Woodwork Manufacturers
Association

OSHA:

Occupational

Safety

Health

Administration

PCA: Portland Cement Association

PCI: Prestressed Concrete Institute

PDI: Plumbing & Drainage Institute, USA

PEI: Porcelain Enamel Institute

PS: Product Standard, U.S. Dept. of
Commerce

RIS: Redwood Inspection Service

RTI: Resilient Tile Institute

SCMA: Southern Cypress Manufacturers
Association

SDI: Steel Door Institute

SIGMA:

Sealed

Insulating

Glass

Manufacturers Association.

SJI: Steel Joint Institute

SMACNA: Sheet Metal & Air Conditioning
Contractors National Association

SMFMA:

Sprayed

Mineral

Fibre

Manufacturers Association, Inc.

SPIB: Southern Pine Inspection Bureau

SPR: Simplified Practice Recommendation,
U.S. Dept. of Commerce

SSPC: Steel Structure Painting council

SWFPA: Structural Wood Fibre Products
Association

TCA: Tile Council of America

TEMA: Tubular Exchange Manufacturing
Association

TIMA: Thermal Insulation Manufacturers
Association

TPI: Truss Plate Institute

UBC: Uniform Building Code

UL: Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.

UPC: Uniform Plumbing Code

UNCITRAL: United Nations Commission on
International Trade

USACE: US Army Corps of Engineers

USBR: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation

USBS: U.S. Bureau of Standards

USCGS: U.S. Coast & Geodetic Survey

WCLB: West Coast Lumber Inspection
Bureau

WRI: Wire Reinforcement Institute

WPA: Western Wood Products Association

1.3

Codes, Regulations and Referenced Specifications

The Contractor shall comply with all codes, regulations, specifications, and standards referred to
throughout the Contract documents, as well as all codes, standards, and specifications of regulatory
agencies specified herein.

1.3.1

Definitions

Terms used in this specification include the following:

1. Wherever the words "selected", "as directed," "as required," or words of like effect are used in

these Standard Specifications, it is to be understood that the selection, direction, or
requirements of the Engineer is intended. Similarly, the words "approved," "satisfactory,"
"equal," or words of like import shall mean "approved by," "satisfactory to," or "equal to"

— as

determined by the Engineer.

2. Wherever the words "necessary," "proper," or words of like import are used in these Standard

Specifications

— with respect to the extent, conduct, or character of work described — it is to

be understood that they shall mean that the said work shall be carried out to the extent,
conducted in a manner, or to be of such character that is necessary or proper in the opinion of
the Engineer.

3. Where "as shown", "as indicated", "as detailed", or words of similar import are used, it shall be

understood that reference to the Contract plans accompanying the specifications is made
unless otherwise stated.

4. Where "as approved", "as reviewed", "as accepted", or words of similar import are used, it shall

be understood that the approval, direction, requirement, permission, authorization, review, or
acceptance of the Engineer is intended, unless otherwise stated.

5. As used in the Contract documents, "provide" shall be understood to mean, "provide complete

in place", that is, "furnish and install".

Where “Employer”, “Department” or “Owner” is used in the Contract documents it shall be
understood to mean Owner.

Where “Engineer” is used in the Contract documents, it shall be understood to mean the official
representative or representative consultant of the Owner for administrating the Contract.
“Engineer” also applies to the Engineer’s site staff including inspectors, surveyors, quantity
surveyors, Engineers and laboratory personnel.

To avoid cumbersome and confusing repetition of expressions within these Standard

Specifications, it is provided that whenever anything is done, or is to be done

— if, as, or, when,

or  where  “acceptable,  accepted,  approval,  approved,  authorized,  condemned,  considered
necessary, contemplated, deemed necessary, designated, determined, directed, disapproved,
established,  given,  indicated,  insufficient,  ordered,  permitted,  rejected,  required,  reserved,
satisfactory, specified, sufficient, suitable, suspended, unacceptable, or unsatisfactory,” it shall
be  understood  as  if  the  expression  were  followed  by  the  words  “by  the  Engineer,”  “to  the
Engineer,” or “of the Engineer.”

Where the term, “shall”, is used in a sentence in the Contract documents, implies an item that
the Contractor is obligated to comply with as part of his Contractual requirements. Where the
term, “will” is used in a sentence in the Contract documents, implies an item that the Owner or
the Engineer is obligated to perform or comply with as part of their Contractual requirements.
Where the term, “may” is used in a sentence in the Contract documents, implies an item that
the Owner or Engineer reserves the right to obligate the Contractor to some item of work or
requirement although they may elect to not exercise that obligation.

9. Wherever the following terms are used in these Standard Specifications, the intent and

meaning will be interpreted as shown below.

When used in these standard specifications, the following terms have the meaning described.

Acceptance Plan

Acceptance plans are prescribed methods of sampling, measuring, and testing coupled with the
criteria for the acceptability of a lot of material or construction.

Acceptable Quality Level (AQL)

AQLs measure the lot percent defective at/or below which the work is considered to be satisfactory.

Additive

Additives are substances or agents added in small amounts to a basic ingredient of a mixture prior
to mixing.

Article

Articles refer to an immediate subheading of a section of these Standard Specifications that consists
of sub-articles, items, sub-items, or paragraphs that set forth details and requirements essential or
necessary to form the Standard Specifications. Specifications are divided into chapters; chapters
into sections; sections into articles; articles into sub-articles, items, sub-items, and paragraphs.

Backfill

Backfill shall consist of the material used to replace, or the act of replacing, material removed during
construction; it also may denote material placed or the act of placing material adjacent to structures.

Back Slope

In cuts, the back slope is the slope from the bottom of the ditch to the top of cut.

Bidder

Bidders consist of an individual, firm, or corporation that will submit a proposal to perform the
proposed work.

Bridge

Bridges are aboveground structures, including supports, erected over a depression or over an
obstruction

— such as water, highways, or railways — or are elevated roadways that carry traffic or

other moving loads. These structures have a length, measured along the centre of the roadway, that
measures more than 6 m between the inside faces of end supports. A multiple-span box culvert is
also considered a bridge when the length between the extreme ends of the openings exceeds 6 m.

Bridge Length

A bridge structure’s length is the overall length measured along the line of survey stationing back-
to-back of back walls of abutments, if present; otherwise, end-to-end of the bridge floor; but in no
case less than the total clear opening of the structure.

Bridge Roadway Width

Bridge roadway widths are measured at right angles to the longitudinal centreline of the bridge
between the bottom of curbs.

Boulder

Boulders are rock fragments, usually rounded by weathering or abrasion, that will be retained on a
75 mm sieve.

Calendar Day

Calendar days are every day shown on the calendar, beginning and ending at midnight.

Calibrate

Calibration shall create the following outcomes:

To determine settings of the plant that will provide correct proportions of the components of

plant-mixed materials.

To compare with a standard or check the graduations of a gauge or other measuring

devices.

Camber

A camber consists of a slight arch designed or built into a structure to compensate for the natural
deflection after loading.

Centreline

Centrelines are the defined and surveyed line shown on the Contract plans from which the roadway
construction is controlled.

Certificate of Guarantee

A certificate of guarantee is a signed statement by a person having legal authority to bind a company
or supplier to its product. Such certificates shall state that the material specifications and test results
are in compliance with the specified requirements of AASHTO, ASTM, BS, or other designations.

Compaction

Compaction shall consist of the active or mechanical consolidation of a mass by rolling, tamping, or
other similar means.

Construction Joint

Construction joints are joints made necessary by a prolonged interruption in the placing of concrete.

Consecutive Days

Two or more calendar days, one is following the other.

Contract

Contract refers to the entire and integrated agreement between the parties thereunder and
supersedes all prior negotiations, representations, or agreements, either written or oral. The Contract
documents develop the Contract between the Owner and the Contractor, setting forth the obligations
of the parties thereunder, including, but not limited to, the performance of the work and the basis of
payment.

Contractor

An individual, firm, or corporation that will contract with the Owner for performance of the work
described in the Contract documents.

Contract Claim (Claim)

Claims are written demands submitted to the Owner in compliance with the Department of Transport
Conditions of Contract and Schedule of Further Requirements seeking additional monetary
compensation, time, or other adjustments to the Contract, the entitlement, or impact of which is
disputed by the Owner.

Contract Documents

Contract documents include advertisement for proposal, the proposal, certification as to publication
and  notice  of  advertisement  for  proposal,  appointment  of  agent  by  nonresident  contractors,
noncollusion affidavit, warranty concerning solicitation of the Contract by others, resolution of award
of  the  Contract,  executed  form  of  the  Contract,  performance  bond  and  payment  bond,  standard
specifications,  particular  specifications,  special  provisions,  plans,  addenda,  or  other  information
mailed or otherwise transmitted to the prospective bidders prior to the receipt of bids, change and
field  orders,  and  supplemental  agreements

— all of which are to be treated as one instrument

whether or not set forth at length in the form of the Contract.

Contract Plans

Contract plans show the location, character, dimensions, and details of the prescribed work

—

including layouts, profiles, cross sections, and other details or reproductions thereof.

Contract Time

Contract time defines the number of calendar days allowed for completion of the Contract work,
including authorized time extensions.

Controlling Work Items

Controlling work items are the activities or work items on the critical path that have the least amount
of total float. Controlling work items will also be referred to as a Critical Activity.

Country

When referring to country, it shall refer to the Districts of Abu Dhabi Emirate in which work herein
specified is to be performed.

Culvert

Culverts shall consist of any structure not classified as a bridge or tunnel that provides an opening
under the roadway.

Date

Day, month, and year reckoned according to the date corresponding to the Gregorian calendar.

Daily Work

Any work required by the Engineer to be performed and which is not otherwise covered or included
in the project by the existing Contract documents, whether it be in the nature of additional work,
altered work, deleted work, work due to differing site conditions, or otherwise. This term does not
include a delay.

Deck

Decks are the surface layers of concrete and reinforcing steel on a bridge.

Delay

Delays are any unanticipated event, action, force, or factor t

hat extends the Contractor’s time of

performance of any controlling work item under the Contract. Delay is intended to cover all such
events, actions, forces, or factors, whether styled delay, disruption, interference, impedance,
hindrance, or otherwise, which are beyond the control of and not caused by the Contractor, or the
Contractor’s subcontractors, material men, suppliers, or other agents. This term does not include
extra work.

Density

Density measures the mass per unit volume of material, usually expressed in kilograms per cubic
meter or grams per cubic centimetre.

Department

Department shall refer to the Abu Dhabi Department of Transport, the Owner.

Design Load

Design loads are the maximum anticipated loads that a structure must be support.

Detour

Detours are a temporary rerouting of traffic or the route traffic shall take during the temporary
rerouting.

Directive

Directives are official, written communication with contractual status from the Engineer to the
Contractor with respect to any or all phases of the Contract and work, including, but not limited to,
progress, approvals, rejections, procedures, methods, and safety.

Dowel

Dowels are load transfer elements that usually consist of a plain, round steel bar.

Elevation

Elevation refers to the height above sea level or other datum.

Engineer-of-Record

An Engineer-of-Record is a professional engineer, or engineering firm, registered in the United Arab
Emirates (UAE) that develops the criteria and concept for the project, performs the analysis, and is
responsible for the preparation of the plans and specifications. This engineer or firm may be
departmental in-house staff or a consultant retained by the Owner.

This position shall not be employed by the Contractor as its Engineer-of-Record.

Equipment

Equipment refers to the machinery and equipment, together with the necessary supplies for upkeep
and maintenance thereof, and all other tools and apparatus necessary for the construction and
acceptable completion of the work.

Existing

Existing refers to the physical status as of the date of the invitation for bids of any structure, base,
surface, sub-grade, road, bridge, detour, or other unit affected by a particular project or designated
highway.

Expansion Joint

Expansion joints provide for expansion of a rigid slab or wall, without damage to itself, adjacent slabs
or walls, or structures.

Faulting

Faulting refers to the differential vertical displacement of rigid slabs at a joint or crack.

Grout

Grout, or mortar, is composed of sand, cement, water, and admixture, if required, of such consistency
that it can easily be placed by pouring or pumping

— if necessary.

Headwall

Headwalls are walls at the end of a culvert that prevent earth from spilling into the channel.

Inspector

Inspectors are authorized representatives of the Engineer assigned to make official inspections of
the materials furnished and of the work performed by the Contractor.

Joint

Joints are a designed vertical plane of separation or weakness.

Laboratory

The official testing laboratory used or approved by the Owner or any other testing laboratory which
may be designated by the Engineer.

Load Transfer Device

Load transfer devices are a mechanical means designed to carry loads across a joint.

Longitudinal Joint

Longitudinal joints are normally placed between traffic lanes to control longitudinal cracking.

Lot

Lots refer to a discrete quantity of material or work to which an acceptance procedure is applied.

Materials

Materials shall consist of any substances specified for use in the construction of the project and its
appurtenances.

Minor Concrete

Minor concrete is nonstructural concrete as designated on the Contract plans or in the Standard
Specifications.

Moisture Content

Moisture content shall be measured by the percentage, by weight, of water contained in soil or other
material, usually based on the dry weight.

Original Ground

Original ground refers to the ground surface just prior to the initiation of the proposed work.

Owner

The Owner shall refer to the Abu Dhabi Department of Transport.

Plans

Plans shall refer to the approved plans, including reproductions thereof, showing the location,
character, dimensions, and details of the work.

Program of Work

A work schedule prepared and submitted by the Contractor

for the Engineer’s approval prior to the

commencement of the Work. Work programs shall show the equipment, the order of procedure, and
the methods the Contractor proposes to use to carry out the Work.

Professional Engineer (PE)

PEs are engineers who hold PE certificate, or equivalent, or valid licenses permitting them to offer
engineering services directly to the public, who are experienced in the work for which they are
responsible, who take legal responsibility for their engineering designs, and who are bound by a
code of ethics to protect the public health.

Quality Assurance (QA)

A group of planned regulatory procedures for taken measurements and samples, testing and
evaluation for tests and measurements results, to provide satisfactory confidence to assure that the
constructed works conforming to the specified requirements in the specifications, these regulations
shall be applied by the Owner or specialized firms assigned by the Owner.

QA Procedures

These procedures shall refer to specific sampling, testing, measuring, and evaluation procedures for
determining the degree of conformance to the quality and quantity requirements of the Standard
Specifications.

Quality Control (QC)

A set of specific procedures for measurements, samplings, testing, and evaluation of tests and
measurements results carried to determine the degree of compliance with quality requirements and
standards indicated in the specifications and implemented by the Contractor.

Quality Index

Quality indexes refer to statistics computed when applying the variables acceptance procedures to
estimate the level of quality actually achieved.

Random

Without bias or regularity.

Rejectable Quality Level (RQL)

RQLs refer to the level of lot percent defective at/or above which the work is considered to be
unacceptable.

Reinforcement

Reinforcement shall refer to the steel embedded in concrete structures to resist tensile and
compressive stresses and detrimental opening of cracks.

Right-of-Way (ROW)

ROW refers to the land that the Owner has title to, or right of use, for the road and its structures
and appurtenances, and for material pits furnished by the Owner.

Riprap

Riprap refers to the protective covering of graded boulders, pieces of concrete or stone, with or
without mortar, to prevent erosion.

Section

Sections are a numbered prime division of these Standard Specifications.

Shop Drawings

Shop drawings consist of the fabrication plans for any part of the work, including, but not limited to,
precast concrete items, structural steel items, or other metal items, and connections thereof, which
the Contractor is required to submit to the Engineer.

Sidewalk

Sidewalks are the portion of the roadway primarily constructed for the use of pedestrians.

Site

Sites refer to the land and other places provided by the Owner for the execution of the work.

Site Engineer

Site engineers are the on-site representatives of the Contractor duly authorized to receive and
execute all instructions of the Engineer and to supervise and direct all of the Contractor's construction
operations in all phases of the work.

Skew Angle

Skew angles shall complement the acute angle between two centrelines that cross; for a structure
centreline, skew right means the right-side of the structure is ahead; skew left means the left-side of
the structure is ahead.

Specialty Engineer

Specialty engineers shall undertakes the design and drawing preparation of components, systems,
or  installation  methods  and  equipment  for  specific  temporary  portions  of  the  project  work  or  for
special  items  of  the  permanent  works  not  fully  detailed  in  the  Contract  plans  and  required  to  be
furnished by the Contractor, such as but not limited to pot bearing designs, nonstandard expansion
joints,  mechanically  stabilized  earth  (MSE)  wall  designs  and  other  specialty  items.  Specialty
engineers may also provide designs and details for  items of the permanent  work declared by the
Owner  to  be  minor  or  nonstructural.  Specialty  engineers  may  be  an  employee  or  officer  of  the
Contractor or a fabricator, an employee or officer of an entity providing components to a fabricator,
or an independent consultant hired by the Contractor.

A specialty engineer is qualified if they have the following qualifications:

Registration as a PE in United States or equivalent; and,

Education and experience necessary to perform the submitted design as required by the

Owner.

Specifications

Specifications shall consist of the directions, provisions, and requirements contained herein, together
with all stipulations contained in the Contract documents, setting out or relating to the method and
manner of performing the work, or to the quantities and qualities of materials and labour to be
furnished under the Contract.

Standard Specifications: Parts 1, 2, and 3 of the Standard Construction Specifications is a

bound document book, applicable to all Department contracts containing adopted
requirements, setting out or relating to the method or manner of performing work, or to the
quantities and qualities of materials and labour.

Particular Specifications: Particular specifications are approved project specific additions and

revisions to the Standard Specifications, applicable to all Department contracts.

Special Provisions: Special provisions are specific clauses adopted by the Owner that add to

or revise the Standard Specifications or particular specifications, setting forth conditions
varying from or additional to the Standard Specifications applicable to a specific project.

Subarticle

Subarticles are headed and numbered subdivisions of an article of a section of these Standard
Specifications.

Subcontractor

Subcontractors are individuals, firms, or corporations to whom the Contractor sublets part of the
work.

Substructure

Substructure consists of all or part of the structure below the bearings of simple and continuous
spans, skewbacks of arches, and tops of footings of rigid frames

— including back walls, wing walls,

and wing protection railings.

Superintendent

A superintendent is the Contractor's authorized representative in responsible charge of the work.

Superstructure

Superstructure refers to the entire structure, except for the substructure.

Superelevation

Superelevation is the increasing of the cross slope on a curve to partially offset the centrifugal force
generated when a vehicle rounds the curve.

Temporary Structure

Temporary structures are any structure required to maintain traffic during construction of the work,
which will be dismantled

— if required — when the work is completed.

Traffic Lane

Traffic lanes are the portion of a travelled way for movement of a single line of vehicles.

Tunnel

Tunnel is an underground or underwater vehicular or pedestrian passage.

Underpass

Underpass is a traffic or pedestrian passage that passes under another road.

Visual Inspection

Visual inspections shall be used by the Contractor to inspect for defects that can be seen.

Water-Cement (W/C) Ratio

This ratio measures the amount of water, exclusive of that absorbed by the aggregates, to the
amount of cement in a concrete or mortar mixture; preferably stated as a decimal by mass.

Weephole

Weepholes are a hole through an abutment or retaining wall to relieve hydrostatic pressure from
groundwater.

Work

Work shall refer to all labour, materials, and incidentals required to execute and complete the
requirements of the Contract, including superintendence, use of equipment and tools, and all
services and responsibilities prescribed or implied.

Working Day

A working day is any calendar day on which the Contractor works or is expected to work in
accordance with the approved work progress schedule.

Working Drawings

Working  drawings  refer  to  the  stress  sheets,  shop  drawings,  erection  plans,  falsework  plans,
framework  plans,  cofferdam  plans,  bending  diagrams  for  reinforcing  steel,  or  any  other
supplementary  plans  or  similar  data  that  the  Contractor  is  required  to  submit  to  the  Engineer  for
approval.

1.3.2

Reference Standards and Codes

1.3.2.1

General

Standards and codes referenced herein include the following:

a. All references to codes, regulations, specifications and standards referred to in the Contract

documents shall, unless otherwise stated, mean the latest edition, amendment or revision of
such reference standard in effect as of the date of submission of these tender documents by
the tenderers to the Owner.

b. The Contractor shall obtain an original copy of the latest edition of all codes, local and

administrative orders, regulations, standards and technical literature referred to in the contract
documents including those referenced in inspection and test plans shall be given to the
Engineer at no additional cost as directed by the Engineer.

c. Reference to a technical society, institution, association or governmental authority is made in

the specifications in accordance with the following abbreviations:

1.  ADWEA: Abu Dhabi Water and Electrical Authority
2.  AASHTO: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
3.  ACI: American Concrete Institute
4.  AF&PA: The American Forest & Paper Association
5.  AIA: American Institute of Architects
6.  AIMA: Acoustical & Insulating Materials Association
7.  AIEE: American Institute of Electrical Engineering
8.  AISC: American Institute of Steel Construction
9.  AISI: American Iron & Steel Institute

Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. STANDARD CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS (PART 1 - ROADS, Second Edition 2020) - page 3