Scania DC9 EMS with S6/PDE. Industrial engine. Instruction - part 4

49

Mark on flywheel

(reading taken 

through the lower 

opening)

Revolution

Valve 

overlap on 

cylinder

Adjust the 

valves on 

cylinder

TDC Down (0°)

1

-

1

2

1

-

144°

1

-

2

504°

2

2

-

288°

1

-

4

648°

2

4

-

72°

1

5

-

432°

2

-

5

216°

1

3

-

576°

2

-

3

Flywheel seen from the rear of the engine.

*Direction of rotation when adjusting.

The solid line shows the order for angles on the first rotation and the 

broken line the order for rotation 2.

Note:

Readings can be taken from the 
flywheel through covers in the 
flywheel housing either from 
above or underneath depending 
on access when fitting.

It says "up" or "down" on the 
flywheel.
Both openings are fitted with a 
cover at delivery.

Openings for taking readings 

on the flywheel housing

50

21. Every 2,400 hours
Checking and adjusting the unit 

injector rocker arms

Note:

Checking and adjusting the unit injector rocker arms should 

also be done together with the valve clearance check and 

adjustment after the first 400 hours of operation.

Important! The unit injectors are adjusted using setting tool 99 414 

or a digital sliding calliper.

This adjustment is essential as a fault in the position of 

the unit injector can result in poor performance and 

possible breakdown.

Order of adjustment

The table below applies when readings are taken through the lower opening. 

If readings can only be taken through the upper cover and not from 

underneath: Turn the flywheel until valve overlap on cylinder 1, which 

corresponds to TDC down (0°) in the lower window. Turn the flywheel 

counterclockwise, 144° at a time and note the valve overlap. The injectors 

can then be adjusted according to the table below.

Mark on flywheel

(reading taken 

through the lower 

opening)

Revolution

Valve 

overlap on 

cylinder

Adjust unit 

injector 

rocker arm 
on cylinder

TDC Down (0°)

1

-

2

2

1

-

144°

1

-

4

504°

2

2

-

288°

1

-

5

648°

2

4

-

72°

1

5

-

432°

2

-

3

216°

1

3

-

576°

2

-

1

Measurement A=

PDE32: 69.9 ±0.1 mm

Measurement B=

PDE32: 38.8 mm

51

PDE32:

1.

See page 50 for a description of how the engine should be turned to 

access TDC down (0°) to be able start checking and adjusting the 

injectors.

2.

You are now on the first revolution and can check/adjust the injectors as 

specified in the table on the previous page.

3.

Firstly, measure the distance (A) between plane (a) and the top edge of 

the valve spring washer on the PDE injector using a digital sliding 

calliper. See figure.

4.

Dimension (A) should be 69.9 mm for PDE31 (dimension B=38.8 mm).

5.

The dimension is adjusted by undoing the lock nut and screwing the 

rocker arm adjusting screw (1) to the correct measurement.

WARNING! Take care when carrying out the adjustment if the 

dimension is well outside the adjustment dimension. The 

spring is pre-tensioned and can cause personal injury if it is 

released.

6.

Position setting tool 99 442 with the metal plate around the injector 

spring.

7.

Finely adjust dimension (A ) by simultaneously using a finger to sense 

that the small piston (2) is level with the flat upper surface of the tool. It 

is possible to feel differences of less than a tenth of a millimetre.

8.

If the setting tool is not available, a digital sliding calliper can also be 

used for fine adjustment. The rocker position is adjusted using the 

adjusting screw to 69.9 +/-0.1 mm as stated above.

9.

Tighten the adjusting screw lock nut to 39 Nm and remove the tool.

10.

Continue to turn the flywheel counterclockwise so that the marking on 

the flywheel is visible in the lower window on the flywheel housing and 

adjust the valves as shown in the table on the previous page.

Piston level with the flat surface. 

Adjustment is correct.

Piston above or below the flat 

surface. Adjustment necessary.

69.9

99 442

52

Preparing the engine for 

storage

If the engine is not to be used for a lengthy period of time, special measures 

should be taken to protect the cooling system, fuel system and combustion 

chamber from corrosion and the exterior from rusting.
The engine can normally stand idle for up to six months. If it remains unused 

for longer than this the following measures, which provide protection for 

about four years, should be adopted. An alternative to preparing the engine 

for long-term storage is to start the engine and warm it up every 6 months.
Preparing for storage means:

- Thoroughly cleaning the engine
- Running the engine for a certain time using special preservative fuel, oil 

and coolant.

- Otherwise preparing the engine for storage (filter renewal, lubrication, 

etc.).

Preservative coolant

If the engine is being stored with coolant in the system, the coolant should 

contain 50% glycol by volume. Use glycol without nitrite-based inhibitors, 

such as BASF G48 or BASF D542.

Preservative fuel

- Use diesel fuel oil mixed with Lubrizol 560H or equivalent.
- Mix  1  cm

3

 (ml) Lubrizol 560H in 10 dm

3

 (l) of fuel.

Ethylene glycol is highly 

dangerous if imbibed and can 

prove fatal.

Avoid contact with the skin.

HANDLING LUBRIZOL 560H

Hazardous!

Contains aromatic hydrocarbons

Use spot extractors where there is a danger of vapour build-up.

Wear protective gloves and goggles when handling Lubrizol. Do not use contaminated clothing.

If it gets in your eyes: Rinse with a gentle stream of water (at least 15 minutes). Seek medical attention.
If it gets on your skin: Wash the affected area with soap and water.
If inhaled:

Fresh air, rest and warmth

Flammable:

Fire class 2A. Flashpoint +27°. In the event of fire: Extinguish with carbon dioxide, 

powder or foam.

Storage: 

In well-sealed receptacle in a dry, cool place. Keep out of reach of children.

!

WARNING

!

53

Preservative oil

Suitable preservative oils are available from most oil companies.
For Example Dinitrol 40 or equivalent.

Preparations for storage

- Drain and flush the cooling system. Top up with preservative coolant.
- Warm up the engine on normal fuel. Stop the engine and drain the oil.
- Renew the fuel filter.
- Fill the engine with preservative oil up to the minimum level on the 

dipstick.

- Mix preservative fuel in a can. Detach the fuel pipe at the feed pump 

suction line and connect a hose from the can.

- Detach the fuel pipe at the overflow valve and connect a return hose to 

the can.

- Start the engine and run it at about 1,000 rpm for 20-25 minutes.
- Stop the engine, remove the hoses and connect the normal fuel pipes.
- Remove the rocker covers and lubricate the valve mechanisms and unit 

injector mechanisms with preservative oil. Refit the rocker covers.

Note:

The unit injectors are not to be removed.

- Drain the preservative oil from the engine. Fresh engine oil can be filled 

directly or when the engine is taken out of storage.

- Drain the coolant if the engine is not to be stored with coolant in the 

system. Plug and tape over all coolant connections (if the cooling system 

is not completely assembled).

- Air cleaner: Clean or renew the filter element.
- Cover air intakes and exhaust pipes.
- Alternator and starter motor:

- Spray with water-repellent anti-corrosive oil, CRC 226, LPS1 or the 

equivalent.

- Spray the outside of bright engine parts with penetrating preservative 

oil, for example Dinitrol 25B, and then with Dinitrol 112 or equivalent.

Use a container to avoid spills 

when draining the oil and 

coolant.

Dispose of used oil and coolant 

through an authorised waste 

disposal contractor.

Help protect our 

environment!

54

- Attach a label to the engine, clearly stating the storage preparation date 

and that the engine must not be started or cranked.

ENGINE PREPARED FOR 

LONG-TERM STORAGE

Date. . . . . . . . . . . .

Do not start or crank!

Batteries

Remove the batteries for trickle charging at the battery charging station. 

(Does not apply to batteries which according to the manufacturer do not 

require any maintenance). The same applies to short-term storage, even if the 

engine has not been prepared for storage as above.

Storage

After the preparations, the engine should be stored in a dry and warm place 

(room temperature).

Taking out of storage

(procedure for taking the engine into operation)

- Remove plugs and tape from coolant connections, air intakes and 

exhaust pipes.

- Fill the system with coolant, see page 22.
- Check the oil level in the engine or fill up with fresh motor oil.
- Lubricate the valve mechanisms and their pushrods and valve tappets as 

well as the unit injector mechanisms.

- Drain the preservative fuel from the fuel manifold and fuel filter.
- Connect and bleed the fuel system, see page 43.
- Wash off any externally applied preservative oil using white spirit.

Wear gloves and protective 

goggles when charging and 

handling batteries.

The batteries contain a highly 

corrosive acid.

WARNING

!

55

Technical data 

General

DC9 EMS

Number of cylinders

5 in line

Cylinder diameter

mm

127

Piston stroke

mm

140

Displacement

dm

3

 (litres)

8.87

No. of main bearings

6

Firing order

1 - 2 - 4 - 5 - 3

Compression ratio

18:1

Engine direction of rotation viewed from rear

Counterclockwise

Fan direction of rotation viewed from front

Clockwise

Cooling

Liquid

Valve clearances, cold engine

intake valve

mm

outlet valve

mm

0.45

0.70

Weight, without coolant or oil

kg

*With charge air cooler, radiator, expansion tank 

and pipes

887

Lubrication system

Maximum oil pressure

(warm engine at a speed above 

1,000 rpm

bar (kp/cm

2

)

6

Normal oil pressure:

hot engine at operating speed

bar (kp/cm

2

)

3-6

Minimum oil pressure:

hot engine under 1,000 rpm

bar (kp/cm

2

)

hot engine above 1,000 rpm

bar (kp/cm

2

)

0.7

2.3

Oil capacity, see page 31

Crankcase pressure with closed crankcase 

ventilation

mm VP

-55 - +20 

56

Fuel system

DC9 EMS

Low idling

rpm

700 (adjustable 500-800)

Maximum full load speed

See engine card

Fuel

Diesel fuel oil

1

1

 see page 57

Cooling system

Number of thermostats

1 (dual thermostat)

Thermostat, opening temperature

°C

83

Coolant temperature:

system at atmospheric pressure

°C

system at overpressure

°C

83-95

83 - approximately 100

Volume, including radiator, engine and 

expansion tank with 1.0 m

2

 radiator

dm

3

 (litres)

57

Electrical system

System voltage

V

24

Alternator, current

A

80 or 100

Starter motor output

kW (hp)

5.5 (7.5)

Monitors, threshold values:

oil pressure monitor

bar (kp/cm

2

)

temperature monitor

°C

1.0 

± 

0.15

Programmed in S6

57

Fuel

Diesel fuel oil

The composition of the diesel fuel oil has a great influence on the functioning 

and the service life of the engine and the injection system. The engine output 

and exhaust emissions are also dependent on the fuel quality. The 

requirements and testing standards for the most important properties are 

described in the workshop instruction in sections which can be ordered from 

Scania dealers or directly from Scania. Scania’s address is printed on the 

cover.
Diesel fuel must comply with the following standard: EN 590 (European 

standard).
The table below shows the requirements for some of the most important 

properties.

Environmentally friendly fuels (low sulphur fuels)

There are three classes of environmentally friendly fuels (SS15 54 35).

Class 1 is sulphur-free and class 2 is low in sulphur. Compared with class 3 

(normal fuel), these fuels are less dense and this reduces engine power output. 

Only class 1 fuel should be used with a catalytic converter.
Short term use of fuel with a higher sulphur content than 0.05% by weight 

will not cause permanent damage to the catalytic converter.
The catalytic converter may, however, require fuel with low sulphur content 

for some time after this to regain its normal efficiency.

Property

Requirements

Viscosity at 40°C

2.0-4.5 mm

2

/s (cSt)

Density at 15°C 

0.82-0.86 kg/dm

3

Sulphur (concentration by mass)

max. 0.3%

Ignitability (CET rating)

min. 49

Flashpoint

56°C

58

Temperature dependence of diesel fuel

At temperatures lower than those specified for the diesel fuel, paraffin wax 

may precipitate from the fuel and block filters and pipes. The engine can then 

lose power or stop.
The diesel fuel is adapted for use in the specific climate of each country. If a 

vehicle or an engine is to be operated in a temperature zone with lower 

temperature than normal, first identify the temperature properties of the fuel 

concerned.
The properties of the fuel when cold can be improved by adopting one of the 

following measures before the temperature drops:

- If the fuel concerned cannot cope with the expected temperatures, and 

diesel fuel is not available with the correct temperature properties, we 

recommend that an electric fuel heater is installed as a preventative 

measure.

- The low temperature properties of diesel fuel may be improved by 

adding kerosene as a preventative measure. Maximum 20% may be 

added. When refuelling, the kerosene should be added first, so that it 

mixes thoroughly with the diesel fuel.

Note:

It is prohibited to use kerosene in engine fuel in some countries.

- To prevent water in the fuel from freezing and forming ice, a maximum 

of 0.5-2% alcohol (isopropanol) may be added. 

Drain fuel tanks and drain or renew fuel filters regularly.

It is not permitted to mix 

kerosene with diesel fuel that is 

already adapted for the climate 

concerned. The injection 

equipment may be damaged. All 

use of paraffin other than 

kerosene is forbidden, as it 

causes engine damage.

It is not permissible to mix 

petrol with diesel fuel. In the 

long term, petrol may cause 

wear to the unit injectors and at 

worst it may also cause damage 

to the engine.

Important

!

WARNING

!

59

Alphabetical index

Air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Air cleaner, prefilter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Air cleaner, safety cartridge  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Air cleaner, vacuum indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Air filter, element  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Batteries   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Battery, renewing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Bleeding, fuel system  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Certified engines  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Checks after running  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Checks before running   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Coolant  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Coolant, changing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Coolant level  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Coolant level monitor  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Coolant temperature  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Cooling system  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Cooling system, cleaning   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Corrosion protection  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Drive belt   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Electrical system  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
EMS engine management system  . . . . . . . . . . 12
EMS sensors  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Engine speed  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Environmental responsibility   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Flash codes, control unit  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Flash codes, coordinator  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Filter, air cleaner  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Filter, closed crankcase ventilation . . . . . . . . . 29
Filter, fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
First start  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Foreword  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Fuel filter, renewing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Fuel level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Fuel specifications   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Fuel system  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Fuel system, bleeding  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Glycol  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Leakage  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Lubricating oil pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Lubricating oil system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Maintenance   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Maintenance schedule  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Oil analysis  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Oil capacity  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Oil change  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Oil filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Oil filter unit  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Oil grade  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Oil level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Oil pressure  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Prefilter, air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Preparations for storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Running  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Safety cartridge, air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Safety information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Safety precautions for care and maintenance  . . 8
Safety precautions for handling materials . . . . . 8
Safety precautions for running the engine   . . . . 7
Starting the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Stopping the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Taking out of storage   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Technical data  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Troubleshooting, control unit  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Troubleshooting, coordinator  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Type designations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Unit injector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Vacuum indicator   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Valve clearance  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Warranty  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

60

Scania Assistance

Wherever you are you can always get assistance from our service 

organization, Scania Assistance. All day, every day of the year. Using Scania 

Assistance is free, but the cost of repairs, spare parts and help from 

mechanics will be debited.
Always call your own country!

Other countries: +46 8 52 24 24 24

Note:

Calls will be recorded for training purposes.

AR

0800 999 722 642

IE

+353 71 9634000

AT

+43 1 256 44 11

IT

+39 0461 996 222

AU

1300 SCANIA

KR

+82 1588 6575

1300 722642

LU

+32 226 400 000

BE

+32 2 264 00 00

MA

+34 91 678 92 13

BG

+359 886 660001

MX

01 800 4SCANIA

BR

0800 019 42 24

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