FM 3-11.19 MULTISERVICE TACTICS, TECHNIQUES, AND PROCEDURES FOR NUCLEAR, BIOLOGICAL, AND CHEMICAL RECONNAISSANCE (JULY 2004) - page 9

 

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FM 3-11.19 MULTISERVICE TACTICS, TECHNIQUES, AND PROCEDURES FOR NUCLEAR, BIOLOGICAL, AND CHEMICAL RECONNAISSANCE (JULY 2004) - page 9

 

 

JP 3-07, Joint Doctrine for Military Operations Other Than War, 16 June 1995.
JP 3-07.1, Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Foreign Internal Defense (FID),
26 June 1996.
JP 3-07.2, Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Antiterrorism, 17 March 1998.
JP 3-07.6, Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Foreign Humanitarian
Assistance, 15 August 2001.
JP 3-10, Joint Doctrine for Rear Area Operations, 28 May 1996.
JP 3-10.1, Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Base Defense, 23 July 1996.
JP 3-11, Joint Doctrine for Operations in Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC)
Environments, 11 July 2000.
JP 3-33, Joint Force Capabilities, 13 October 1999.
JP 4-0, Doctrine for Logistic Support of Joint Operations, 6 April 2000.
JP 4-02, Doctrine for Health Service Support in Joint Operations, 30 July 2001.
JP 5-0, Doctrine for Planning Joint Operations, 13 April 1995.
JP 5-00.2, Joint Task Force (JTF) Planning Guidance and Procedures, 13 January 1999.
JP 6-0, Doctrine for Command, Control, Communications, and Computer (C4) Systems
Support to Joint Operations, 30 May 1995.
Multiservice
FM 3-3/FMFM 11-17, Chemical and Biological Contamination Avoidance,
16 November 1992.
FM 3-3-1/FMFM 11-18, Nuclear Contamination Avoidance, 9 September 1994.
FM 3-5/MCWP 3-37.3, NBC Decontamination, 28 July 2000.
FM 3-6/AFM 105-7/FMFM 7-11H, Field Behavior of NBC Agents (Including Smoke and
Incendiaries), 3 November 1986.
FM 3-9/NAVFAC P-467/AFR 355-7, Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and
Compounds, 12 December 1990.
FM 3-11/MCWP 3-37.1/NWP 3-11/AFTTP(I) 3-2.42, Multiservice Tactics, Techniques, and
Procedures for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Defense Operations, 10 March 2003.
FM 3-11.4/MCWP 3-37.2/NTTP 3-11.27/AFTTP(I) 3-2.46, Multiservice Tactics, Techniques,
and Procedures for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Protection. 2 June 2003.
FM 3-11.34/MCRP 3-37.5/NWP 3-11.23/AFTTP(I) 3-2.33, Multiservice Procedures for
Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Defense of Theater Fixed Sites, Ports, and
Airfields, 29 September 2000.
FM 3-90/FMFM 11-20, Tactics, 4 July 2001.
FM 4-25.11/NTRP 4-02.1/AFMAN 44-163, First Aid, 23 December 2002.
References-2
FM 6-02.85/MCRP 3-40.2A/NTTP 3-13.1.16/AFTTP(I) 3-2.22, JTF IM Multiservice Tactics,
Techniques, and Procedures for Joint Task Force Information Management,
10 September 2003.
FM 8-9/NAVMED P-5059/AFJMAN 44-151V1V2V3, NATO Handbook on the Medical
Aspects of NBC Defense Operations AMEDP-6(B) Part I - Nuclear Part II - Biological Part
III - Chemical, 1 February 1996.
FM 8-284/NTRP 4-02.23 (NAVMED P-5042)/AFMAN(I) 44-156/MCRP 4-11.1C, Treatment
of Biological Warfare Agent Casualties, 17 July 2000.
FM 8-285/NAVMED P-5041/AFJMAN 44-149/FMFM 11-11, Treatment of Chemical-Agent
Casualties and Conventional Military Chemical Injuries, 22 December 1995.
Army
Chemical and Biological Information Analysis Center (CBIAC), Worldwide Chemical-
Agent Detection Handbook, 3 October 1995.
DA Form 12-99-R, Initial Distribution Requirements for Publications, 1 April 1996.
DA Form 2028, Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms,
1 February 1974.
DA Form 4137, Evidence/Property Custody Document, 1 July 1976.
DA Pamphlet 50-6, Chemical Accident or Incident Response and Assistance (CAIRA),
26 March 2003.
DA Pamphlet 385-61, Toxic Chemical-Agent Safety Standards, 27 March 2002.
FM 3-0, Operations, 14 June 2001.
FM 3-6, Field Behavior of NBC Agents (Including Smoke and Incendiaries),
3 November 1986.
FM 3-7, NBC Field Handbook, 29 September 1994.
FM 3-14, Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Vulnerability Analysis,
12 November 1997.
FM 3-19, NBC Reconnaissance, 19 November 1993.
FM 3-101, Chemical Staffs and Units, 19 November 1993.
FM 3-101-6, Biological Defense Operations, Corps/Company Tactics, Techniques and
Procedures, 25 March 1999.
FM 4-02, Force Health Protection in a Global Environment, 13 February 2003.
FM 4-02.33, Control of Communicable Diseases Manual, Edition 17, 31 December 1999.
FM 4-02.7, Health Service Support in a Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Environment
Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures, 1 October 2002.
FM 8-42, Combat Health Support in Stability Operations and Support Operations,
27 October 1997.
References-3
FM 8-500, Hazardous Materials Injuries, A Manual for Pre-Hospital Care (4th Edition),
17 January 1997.
FM 100-30, Nuclear Operations, 29 October 1996.
FM 100-6, Information Operations, 27 August 1996.
FM 100-7, Decisive Force: The Army in Theater Operations, 31 May 1995.
FM 101-5, Staff Organization and Operations, 31 May 1997.
FM 21-10, Field Hygiene and Sanitation, 21 June 2000.
STP 8-91W15SM-TG, MOS 91W, Health Care Specialist, 10 October 2001.
TC 3-4, Chemical Battle Staff Handbook, 3 October 1995.
TRADOC Pamphlet 525-63, Operations Concept for Biological Defense, 1 December 1994.
US Army Chemical School, Army Chemical Review, January 1997.
US Army Chemical School, Army Chemical Review, NBC Operations in Bosnia, July 1996.
US Army Chemical School, Chemical Vision 2010, 3 February 1999.
US Army Chemical School, Concept for Biological Detection Future, 18 September 1996.
US Army Chemical School, Theater Missile Defense, Joint Project Optic Cobra 1996, After
Action Report, 1996.
US Army Chemical School, TOE Summary Book, 1 June 2000.
US Army Maneuver Support Center, Force Development BR DCD, 15 October 2001.
US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Medical
Management of Biological Casualties Handbook, Fourth Edition, February 2001.
USAMRICD, Medical Management of Biological Casualties Handbook, February 2001.
USAMRICD, Medical Management of Chemical Casualties, August 1999.
Air Force
AFDD-1, Air Force Basic Doctrine, September 1997.
AFH 32-4014V1, USAF Operations in a Chemical and Biological (CB) Warfare
Environment, Planning and Analysis, Volume 1, 1 March 1998.
AFH 32-4014V2, USAF Operations in a Chemical and Biological (CB) Warfare
Environment, CB Hazards, Volume 2, 1 December 1997.
AFH 32-4014V3, USAF Operations in a Chemical and Biological (CB) Warfare
Environment, Defense Equipment, Volume 3, 1 February 1998.
AFI 10-2501, Full Spectrum Threat Response (FSTR) Planning and Operations,
24 December 2002.
AFI 33-360, Volume 1, Publications Management Program, 6 May 2002.
References-4
AFI 33-360, Volume 2, Content Management Program-Information Management Tool
(CMP-IMT), 11 September 2003.
AFMAN 10-2602, NBC Defense Operations and Standards, 29 May 2003.
AFMAN 32-4004, Emergency Response Operations, 1 December 1995.
AFMAN 32-4005, Personnel Protection and Attack Actions, 30 October 2001.
AFPAM 32-4019, Chemical-Biological Warfare Commander’s Guide, 1 April 1998.
AFPD 10-2, Readiness, 1 March 1997.
AFPD 32-40, Disaster Preparedness, 1 May 1997.
US Air Force Engineering Support Activity, Chemical and Biological Defense Concept of
Operations, January 1998.
US Air Force Institute for National Security Studies, Countering the Proliferation and Use
of Weapons of Mass Destruction, 1998.
Marine Corps
MCWP 3-37, Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical
Defense Operations, 21 September 1998.
MCWP 5-1, Marine Corps Planning Process, 5 January 2000.
Navy
Naval Doctrine Command, US Navy, Executive Summary, Multinational Maritime
Operations, 1996.
Naval Doctrine Publication 1, Naval Warfare, Washington, DC: Department of the Navy,
28 March 1994.
Naval Doctrine Publication 2, Naval Intelligence, Washington, DC: Department of the
Navy, 30 September 1994.
Naval Doctrine Publication 4, Naval Logistics, 20 February 2001.
NAVSUP Publication 409. MILSTRIP/MILSTRAP Desk Guide, 9 May 2003.
Navy Warfare Publication 3-20.31 (Revision A), Surface Ship Survivability, June 1998.
OPNAV P-86-1-95, US Navy CBR Defense/US Marine Corps NBC Defense Handbook,
April 1995.
US Navy Detachment, Fort Leonard Wood, MO, Trainee Guide, Disaster Preparedness
Operations Specialist, June 1998.
NATO Standardization Agreements (STANAG) and Publications
STANAG 2002, Warning Signs for the Marking of Contaminated or Dangerous Land
Areas, Complete Equipments, Supplies, and Stores, Edition 8, 29 January 1999.
STANAG 2083, Commander’s Guide on Nuclear Radiation Exposure of Groups, Edition 5,
19 September 1986.
References-5
STANAG 2103, Reporting Nuclear Detonations, Biological and Chemical Attacks, and
Predicting and Warning of Associated Hazards and Hazard Areas {ATP-45(B)}, Edition 8,
31 August 2000.
STANAG 2112, Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Reconnaissance, Edition 4,
6 March 1998.
STANAG 2353, Evaluation of NBC Defence Capability, Edition 5, 6 March 2000.
Other Sources
AEP 10, Sampling and Identification of CB Agents.
AEP 49, Sampling and Identification of Radiological Agents.
Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Medical Management of Chemical
Casualties Handbook, Chemical Casualty Care Division, USAMRICD, Third Edition, July
2000.
Defense Intelligence Agency Manual 58-13, Defense Human Resources Intelligence
Collection Procedures (SECRET/NOFOR).
DOT, 2000 Emergency Response Guidebook, A Guide for First Responders During the
Initial Phase of a Dangerous Goods/Hazardous Materials Incident.
DOT Regulation 49 CFR 173.196.
DHHS (NIOSH) Publication 2001-145, NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards and
Other Databases (with IDLH Documentation), August 2001.
FEMA, Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan (FRERP), CFR 50, Federal
Register 46542, May 1996 (U).
FEMA, Federal Response Plan (Unclassified), April 1999.
Guide to Understanding the Threat From Toxic Industrial Chemical, U.S., U.K., C.A.,
Memorandum of Understanding, August 1995.
IC 2003-1 to AFMAN 32-4017, Civil Engineer Readiness Technician Manual for Nuclear,
Biological, and Chemical Defense, 29 May 2003.
IATA, Dangerous Goods Regulation (DGR), 1 January 2002.
IATA, Packaging Instruction 602, 2001.
IATA, Packaging Instruction 650, 2001.
IATA, Packaging Instruction 904, 2001.
International Civil Aviation Organization Technical Instructions (ICAOTI) on the Safe
Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air, 1999-2000 Edition.
ISO 3166-1, Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries and Their Subdivisions -
Part 1: Country Codes, 1997.
Memorandum, Under Secretary of Defense, Military and Veterans Health Coordinating
Board and Presidential Review Directive (PRD-S), 7 December 1999.
References-6
Nancy R. Brietich, et al., Worldwide Chemical Detection Equipment Handbook, CBIAC,
October 1995.
National Defense University, Center for Counter-Proliferation Research—Deterrence and
Defense in a Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Environment, Robert B. Joseph and John
F. Reichart, 1999.
Office of Special Assistant for Gulf War Illness, Lessons Learned Implementation,
18 November 1999.
Presidential Decision Directive (PDD)/National Security Council (NSC) 39, US
Government Policy on Counterterrorism, 21 June 1995.
Sharon Reutter, Soldier, Biological, and Chemical Command, Review and
Recommendations for Human Toxicity Estimates for FM 3-11.9.
USACHPPM TG 230, Chemical Exposure Guidelines for Deployed Military Personnel,
January 2002.
References-7
GLOSSARY
PART I—ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
µ
micron(s)
µg
microgram
A
AA
avenue of approach
AAR
after-action report
AB
air base
AC
alternating current
ACAA
automatic chemical-agent alarm
ACR
armored cavalry regiment
AEP
allied engineering publication
AFB
Air Force base
AFDD
Air Force doctrine document
AFH
Air Force handbook
AFI
Air Force instruction
AFJMAN
Air Force joint manual
AFM
Air Force manual
AFMAN
Air Force manual
AFPAM
Air Force pamphlet
AFPD
Air Force policy directive
AFR
Air Force regulation
AFSC
Air Force specialty code
AFTTP(I)
Air Force tactics, techniques, and procedures
(interservice)
AGCF
air-ground correlation factor
AL
Alabama
AO
area of operations
Glossary-1
AOB
advanced operations base
AOI
area of interest
AOR
area of responsibility
APC
armored personnel carrier
APO
Army post office
APOD
aerial port of debarkation
APOE
aerial port of embarkation
AR
Arkansas
AR
Army regulation
ASAP
as soon as possible
AT
antiterrorism
ATP
allied tactical publication
ATTN
attention
AZ
azimuth
B
BDA
battle damage assessment
BDOC
base defense operations center
BEEF
base engineer emergency force
BIDS
Biological Integrated Detection System
bn
battalion
BSA
brigade support area
BW
biological warfare
C
C
Celsius
C2
command and control
CAM
chemical-agent monitor
CARVER
criticality, accessibility, recuperability, vulnerability,
effect, recognizability
CB
chemical and biological
CBIAC
Chemical and Biological Information Analysis Center
Glossary-2
CBIRF
chemical-biological incident response force
CBR
chemical, biological, and radiological
CBRN
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear
CBRNE
chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high-yield
explosives
CCA
contamination control area
CCIR
commander’s critical information requirements
CDC
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CE
civil engineering
CF
correlation factor
CG
commanding general
cGyph
centigray per hour
CJCSI
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff instruction
CJCSM
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff manual
CLS
contracted logistics support
cm
centimeter(s)
CM
chemical
co
company
CO
commanding officer
COA
course of action
COCOM
combatant command
COMM
commercial
COMMZ
communications zone
CONOPS
concept of operations
CONUS
continental United States
COP
common operational picture
CP
counterproliferation
CRD
chemical reconnaissance detachment
CS
combat support
CSS
combat service support
CT
counterterrorism
Glossary-3
CW
chemical warfare
D
DA
Department of the Army
DC
District of Columbia
DC
direct current
DCC
damage control center
dd
date
DD
Department of Defense
decon
decontamination
deg
degrees
det
detachment
DHHS
Department of Health and Human Services
dir
direction
div
division
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
DOD
Department of Defense
DODD
Department of Defense directive
DOS
Department of State
DOT
Department of Transportation
DS
direct support
DSA
division support area
DSN
Defense Switched Network
DTG
date-time group
E
EAC
echelons above corps
EEFI
essential elements of friendly information
EL
elevation
e-mail
electronic mail
EMP
electromagnetic pulse
Glossary-4
EOC
emergency operations center
EOD
explosive ordnance disposal
ERT
emergency response team
F
F
Fahrenheit
FDPMU
forward-deployable, preventive-medicine unit
FEMA
Federal Emergency Management Agency
FHP
force health protection
FID
foreign internal defense
FL
Florida
FM
field manual
FMFM
Fleet Marine Force manual
FOB
forwarding operating base
FOV
field of view
FP
force protection
FPO
Fleet post office
FRAGORD
fragmentary order
ft
foot, feet
FY
fiscal year
g
gram(s)
G
gal
gallon(s)
GENTEXT
general text
GPS
global positioning system
GS
general support
H
H
time of attack
HAZMAT
hazardous materials
HE
high explosive
Glossary-5
HC
hexachloroethane
HHC
headquarters and headquarters company
HHD
headquarters and headquarters detachment
HMMWV
high-mobility, multipurpose wheeled vehicle
HN
host nation
HQ
headquarters
HSS
health service support
HVAC
heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
HVT
high-value target
I
IATA
International Air Transport Association
IC
incident commander
IC
interim change
ID
identification
IDLH
immediately dangerous to life or health
IED
improvised explosive device
in
inch(es)
inf
infantry
IPB
intelligence preparation of the battlespace
IR
information requirements
ISO
International Organization for Standardization
ISR
intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance
J
J5
plans directorate of a joint staff
JBPDS
Joint Biological Point Detection System
JFC
joint force commander
JOA
joint operations area
JP
joint publication
JRA
joint rear area
Glossary-6
JRAC
joint rear area coordinator
JSLSCAD
joint-service, lightweight, standoff chemical-agent
detector
JSOA
joint special operations area
JSOTF
joint special operations task force
JTF
joint task force
K
kg
kilogram(s)
kph
kilometers per hour
L
l
liter(s)
LAN
local area network
LAV
light armored vehicle
lb
pound(s)
LD
line of departure
LD50
lethal concentration for 50 percent of exposed,
unprotected population
LEL
lower explosive limit
LFA
lead federal agency
LNO
liaison officer
LOA
limit of advance
LOC
line of communications
LOS
line of sight
LZ
landing zone
M
m
meter(s)
MACOM
major command
maint
maintenance
MANSCEN
Maneuver Support Center
Glossary-7
MCCDC
Marine Corps Combat Development Command
MCPP or MC2P
Marine Corps planning process
MCRP
Marine Corps reference publication
MCWP
Marine Corps warfighting publication
MD
Maryland
MDMP
military decision-making process
METL
mission-essential task list
METT-T
(USMC) mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops
available, and time
METT-TC
mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops available,
and civilian considerations
mg
milligram(s)
mg/m2
milligrams per square meter
MGRS
military grid reference system
MICON
mission concept
MILSTRIP
military standard requisitioning and issue procedure
min
minute(s)
ml
milliliter(s)
mm
millimeter(s)
mm
month
MO
Missouri
MOOTW
military operations other than war
MOPP
mission-oriented protective posture
MOS
military occupational specialty
MSR
main supply route
MTF
medical treatment facility
MTOE
modified table of organization and equipment
MTT
mobile training team
MTTP
multiservice tactics, techniques, and procedures
MTW
major theater war
N
Glossary-8
N
decay rate
NA
not applicable
NAI
named area of interest
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NAVFAC
Naval Facilities Engineering Command
NAVMED
Naval Medical Command
NAVSUP
Naval Supply Systems Command
NBC
nuclear, biological, and chemical
NBCRS
nuclear, biological, and chemical reconnaissance system
NBCRV
nuclear, biological, and chemical reconnaissance vehicle
NCO
noncommissioned officer
NCOIC
noncommissioned officer in charge
NF
normalization factor
NGO
nongovernmental organization
NIOSH
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
No.
number
NSN
national stock number
NSW
Naval Special Warfare
NTRP
Navy Tactical Reference Publication
NTTP
Navy tactics, techniques, and procedures
NVD
night vision device
NWDC
Navy Warfare Development Command
NWP
Naval warfare publication
O
OB
order of battle
OBJ
objective
OCF
outside correlation factor
OCONUS
outside the continental United States
Oct
October
OD
operational detachment
Glossary-9
OEG
operational exposure guidance
OP
observation post
OPCON
operational control
OPLAN
operation plan
OPNAV
Office of the Chief of Naval Operations
OPORD
operation order
OPR
office of primary responsibility
ops
operations
OPSEC
operations security
OPTEMPO
operating tempo
oz
ounce(s)
P
PA
public affairs
PCN
publication control number
PEL
permissible exposure limit
PFC
private first class
PIR
priority intelligence requirements
PL
phase line
plt
platoon
POD
port of debarkation
POL
petroleum, oil, and lubricants
PPE
personal protective equipment
ppm
pounds per minute
PVNTMED
preventive medicine
PZ
pickup zone
R
RA
risk analysis
RDD
radiological dispersal device
recon
reconnaissance
Glossary-10
reg
regimental
RI
Rhode Island
RM
risk management
ROE
rules of engagement
RSTA
reconnaissance, surveillance, and target acquisition
S
SA
situational awareness
SALUTE
size, activity, location, unit, time, and equipment
SCUD
surface-to-surface missile system
sec
section
SecDef
Secretary of Defense
SEM
sensor electronics module
SF
special forces
SFG
special forces group
SFOB
special forces operations base
SFOD
special forces operational detachment
SMART-CB
special medical augmentation response team-chemical
and biological
SME
subject matter expert
smk
smoke
SOF
special operations forces
SOP
standing operating procedure
SPOD
seaport of debarkation
SPOE
seaport of embarkation
spt
support
sq
square
sqd
squad
SR
special reconnaissance
SRC
survival recovery center
STANAG
standardization agreement (NATO)
Glossary-11
STP
soldier training publication
T
TA
theater Army
TAI
target area of interest
TBM
theater ballistic missile
TC
training circular
TEU
technical escort unit
TF
task force
TFA
toxic-free area
TG
training guide
TIC
toxic industrial chemical
TIM
toxic industrial material
TL
team leader
TLV
threshold limit value
TM
technical manual
TO
technical order
TO
theater of operations
TOB
time of burst
TOC
tactical operations center
TOE
table(s) of organization and equipment
TPFDL
time-phased force and deployment list
TRADOC
United States Army Training and Doctrine Command
TSP
training support package
TTP
tactics, techniques, and procedures
TX
Texas
U
U
unclassified
UN
United Nations
US
United States
Glossary-12
USA
United States Army
USACHPPM
United States Army Health Promotion and Preventive
Medicine
USACMLS
United States Army Chemical School
USAF
United States Air Force
USAMRICD
United States Army Medical Research Institute of
Chemical Defense
USAMRIID
United States Army Medical Research Institute of
Infectious Diseases
USG
US Government
USMC
United States Marine Corps
USN
United States Navy
USSOCOM
United States Special Operations Command
USSTRATCOM
United States Strategic Command
UT
Utah
UTC
unit type code
UW
unconventional warfare
UXO
unexploded ordnance
V
VA
Virginia
VA
vulnerability assessment
W
WARNORD
warning order
WMD
weapons of mass destruction
WOC
wing operations center
Y
yy
year
Z
Z
Zulu
Glossary-13
PART II—TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
aerosol. A liquid or solid composed of finely divided particles suspended in a gaseous
medium. Examples of common aerosols are mist, fog, and smoke. (JP 1-02)
area assessment. The commander’s prescribed collection of specific information that
commences upon employment and is a continuous operation. It confirms, corrects,
refutes, or adds to previous intelligence acquired from area studies and other sources
prior to employment. (JP 1-02)
area of interest. The area of concern to the commander, including the area of
influence, areas adjacent thereto, and extending into enemy territory to the objectives
of current or planned operations. This area also includes areas occupied by enemy
forces who could jeopardize the accomplishment of the mission. Also called AOI.
(JP 1-02)
area of operations. An operational area defined by the joint force commander for
land and naval forces. Areas of operation do not typically encompass the entire
operational area of the joint force commander, but should be large enough for
component commanders to accomplish their missions and protect their forces. Also
called AO. (JP 1-02)
area of responsibility. The geographical area associated with a combatant command
within which a combatant commander has authority to plan and conduct operations.
Also called AOR. (JP 1-02)
armored personnel carrier. A lightly armored, highly mobile, full-tracked vehicle,
amphibious and air-droppable, used primarily for transporting personnel and their
individual equipment during tactical operations. Production modifications or
application of special kits permit use as a mortar carrier, command post, flame
thrower, antiaircraft artillery chassis, or limited recovery vehicle. Also called APC.
(JP 1-02)
assault craft unit. A permanently commissioned naval organization, subordinate to
the commander, naval beach group, that contains landing craft and crews necessary to
provide lighterage required in an amphibious operation. Also called ACU. (JP 1-02)
assembly area. 1. An area in which a command is assembled preparatory to further
action. 2. In a supply installation, the gross area used for collecting and combining
components into complete units, kits, or assemblies. (JP 1-02)
avenue of approach. An air or ground route of an attacking force of a given size
leading to its objective or to key terrain in its path. Also called AA. (JP 1-02)
avoidance. Individual and/or unit measures taken to avoid or minimize nuclear,
biological, and chemical (NBC) attacks and reduce the effects of NBC hazards.
(JP 1-02)
axis of advance. A line of advance assigned for purposes of control; often a road or a
group of roads, or a designated series of locations, extending in the direction of the
enemy. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-14
battle damage assessment. The timely and accurate estimate of damage resulting
from the application of military force, either lethal or non-lethal, against a
predetermined objective. Battle damage assessment can be applied to the employment
of all types of weapon systems (air, ground, naval, and special forces weapon systems)
throughout the range of military operations. Battle damage assessment is primarily
an intelligence responsibility with required inputs and coordination from the
operators. Battle damage assessment is composed of physical damage assessment,
functional damage assessment, and target system assessment. Also called BDA.
(JP 1-02)
battlespace. The environment, factors, and conditions that must be understood to
successfully apply combat power, protect the force, or complete the mission. This
includes the air, land, sea, space, and the included enemy and friendly forces;
facilities; weather; terrain, the electromagnetic spectrum; and the information
environment within the operational areas and areas of interest. (JP 1-02)
biological agent. A microorganism that causes disease in personnel, plants, or
animals or causes the deterioration of materiel. (JP 1-02)
biological defense. The methods, plans, and procedures involved in establishing and
executing defensive measures against attacks using biological agents. (JP 1-02)
biological operation. Employment of biological agents to produce casualties in
personnel or animals or damage to plants. (JP 1-02)
biological threat. A threat that consists of biological material planned to be deployed
to produce casualties in personnel or animals or damage plants. (JP 1-02)
biological weapon. An item of materiel, which projects, disperses, or disseminates a
biological agent including arthropod vectors. (JP 1-02)
blister agent. A chemical agent which injures the eyes and lungs and burns or
blisters the skin. Also called vesicant agent. (JP 1-02)
boundary. A line that delineates surface areas for the purpose of facilitating
coordination and deconfliction of operations between adjacent units, formations, or
areas. (JP 1-02)
casualty. Any person who is lost to the organization by having been declared dead,
duty status - whereabouts unknown, missing, ill, or injured. (JP 1-02)
chain of command. The succession of commanding officers from a superior to a
subordinate through which command is exercised. (JP 1-02)
chemical agent. Any toxic chemical intended for use in military operations. (JP 1-02)
chemical defense. The methods, plans, and procedures involved in establishing and
executing defensive measures against attack utilizing chemical agents. (JP 1-02)
chemical dose. The amount of chemical agent, expressed in milligrams, that is taken
or absorbed by the body. (JP 1-02)
chemical environment. Conditions found in an area resulting from direct or
persisting effects of chemical weapons. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-15
chemical monitoring. The continued or periodic process of determining whether or
not a chemical agent is present. (JP 1-02)
chemical operation. Employment of chemical agents to kill, injure, or incapacitate
for a significant period time, man or animals, and deny or hinder the use of areas,
facilities, or materiel; or defense against such employment. (JP 1-02)
chemical survey. The directed effort to determine the nature and degree of chemical
hazard in an area and to delineate the perimeter of the hazard. (JP 1-02)
chemical warfare. All aspects of military operations involving the employment of
lethal and incapacitating munitions/agents and the warning and protective measures
associated with such offense operations. Since riot control agents and herbicides are
not considered to be chemical warfare agents, those two items will be referred to
separately or under the broader term "chemical," which will be used to include all
types of chemical munitions/agents collectively. (JP 1-02)
chemical weapon. Together or separately, (a) a toxic chemical and its precursors,
except when intended for a purpose not prohibited under the Chemical Weapons
Convention; (b) a munition or device, specifically designed to cause death or other
harm through toxic properties of those chemicals specified in (a), above, which would
be released as a result of the employment of such munition or device; (c) any
equipment specifically designed for use directly in connection with the employment of
munitions or devices specified in (b), above. (JP 1-02)
combat information center. The agency in a ship or aircraft manned and equipped
to collect, display, evaluate, and disseminate tactical information for the use of the
embarked flag officer, commanding officer, and certain control agencies. Certain
control, assistance, and coordination functions may be delegated by command to the
combat information center. Also called CIC. (JP 1-02)
combat search and rescue. A specific task performed by rescue forces to effect the
recovery of distressed personnel during war or military operations other than war.
Also called CSAR. (JP 1-02)
combat service support. The essential capabilities, functions, activities, and tasks
necessary to sustain all elements of operating forces in theater at all levels of war.
Within the national and theater logistic systems, it includes but is not limited to that
support rendered by service forces in ensuring the aspects of supply, maintenance,
transportation, health services, and other services required by aviation and ground
combat troops to permit those units to accomplish their missions in combat. Combat
service support encompasses those activities at all levels of war that produce
sustainment to all operating forces on the battlefield. Also called CSS. (JP 1-02)
combat support. Fire support and operational assistance provided to combat
elements. Also called CS. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-16
combatant command (command authority). Nontransferable command authority
established by title 10 (“Armed Forces”), United States Code, section 164, exercised
only by commanders of unified or specified combatant commands unless otherwise
directed by the President or the Secretary of Defense. Combatant command (command
authority) cannot be delegated and is the authority of a combatant commander to
perform those functions of command over assigned forces involving organizing and
employing commands and forces, assigning tasks, designating objectives, and giving
authoritative direction over all aspects of military operations, joint training, and
logistics necessary to accomplish the missions assigned to the command. Combatant
command (command authority) should be exercised through the commanders of
subordinate organizations. Normally this authority is exercised through subordinate
joint force commanders and Service and/or functional component commanders.
Combatant command (command authority) provides full authority to organize and
employ commands and forces as the combatant commander considers necessary to
accomplish assigned missions. Operational control is inherent in combatant command
(command authority). Also called COCOM. (JP 1-02)
command and control. The exercise of authority and direction by a properly
designated commander over assigned and attached forces in the accomplishment of
the mission. Command and control functions are performed through an arrangement
of personnel, equipment, communications, facilities, and procedures employed by a
commander in planning, directing, coordinating and controlling forces and operations
in the accomplishment of a mission. Also called C2. (JP 1-02)
commander’s critical information requirements. A comprehensive list of
information requirements identified by the commander as being critical in facilitating
timely information management and the decision-making process that affect
successful mission accomplishment. The tow key subcomponents are critical friendly
force information and priority intelligence requirements. Also called CCIR. (JP 1-02)
common operational picture. A single identical display of relevant information
shared by more than one command. A common operational picture facilitates
collaborative planning and assists all echelons to achieve situational awareness. Also
called COP. (JP 1-02)
communications zone. Rear part of a theater of war or theater of operations (behind
but contiguous to the combat zone) which contains the lines of communications,
establishments for supply and evacuation, and other agencies required for the
immediate support and maintenance of the field forces. Also called COMMZ. (JP 1-02)
concept of operations. A verbal or graphic statement, in broad outline, of a
commander’s assumptions or intent in regard to an operation or series of operations.
The concept of operations frequently is embodied in campaign plans and operation
plans; in the latter case, particularly when the plans cover a series of connected
operations to be carried out simultaneously or in succession. The concept is designed to
give an overall picture of the operation. It is included primarily for additional clarity of
purpose. Also called CONOPS. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-17
contamination control. Procedures to avoid, reduce, remove, or render harmless
(temporarily or permanently) nuclear, biological, and chemical contamination for the
purpose of maintaining or enhancing the efficient conduct of military operations.
(JP 1-02)
contamination. 1. The deposit, absorption or adsorption of radioactive material, or of
biological or chemical agents on and by structures, areas, personnel, or objects. 2. Food
and/or water made unfit for consumption by humans or animals because of the
presence of environmental chemicals, radioactive elements, bacteria, or organisms, the
by-product of the growth of bacteria or organisms, the decomposing material (to
include the food substance itself) or waste in the food or water. (JP 1-02)
continental United States. United States territory, including the adjacent
territorial waters, located within North America between Canada and Mexico. Also
called CONUS. (JP 1-02)
contingency plan. A plan for major contingencies that can reasonably be anticipated
in the principal geographic subareas of the command. (JP 1-02)
contracted logistic support. Support in which maintenance operations for a
particular military system are performed exclusively by contract support personnel.
Also called CLS. (JP 1-02)
course of action. 1. Any sequence of activities that an individual or unit may follow.
2. A possible plan open to an individual or commander that would accomplish, or is
related to the accomplishment of the mission. 3. The scheme adopted to accomplish a
job or mission. 4. A line of conduct in an engagement. 5. A product of the Joint
Operation Planning and Execution System concept development phase. Also called
COA. (JP 1-02)
date-time group. The date and time, expressed in digits and time zone suffix, at
which the message was prepared for transmission. (Expressed as six digits followed by
the time zone suffix; first pair of digits denotes the date, second pair the hours, third
pair the minutes, followed by a three-letter month abbreviation and two-digit year
abbreviation.) Also called DTG. (JP 1-02)
debarkation. The unloading of troops, equipment, or supplies from a ship or aircraft.
(JP 1-02)
decision support template. A graphic record of wargaming. The decision support
template depicts decision points, timelines associated with movement of forces and the
flow of the operation, and other key items of information required to execute a specific
friendly course of action. Also called DST. (JP 1-02)
decontamination. The process of making any person, object, or area safe by
absorbing, destroying, neutralizing, making harmless, or removing chemical or
biological agents, or by removing radioactive material clinging to or around it.
(JP 1-02)
deliberate attack. A type of offensive action characterized by preplanned
coordinated employment of firepower and maneuver to close with and destroy or
capture the enemy. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-18
detection. 1. In tactical operations, the perception of an object of possible military
interest but unconfirmed by recognition. 2. In surveillance, the determination and
transmission by a surveillance system that an event has occurred. 3. In arms control,
the step in the process of ascertaining the occurrence of a violation of an arms control
agreement. 4. In nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) environments, the act of
locating NBC hazards by use of NBC detectors or monitoring and/or survey teams.
(JP 1-02)
direct action. Short-duration strikes and other small-scale offensive actions by
special operations forces or special operations-capable units to seize, destroy, capture,
recover, or inflict damage on designated personnel or materiel. In the conduct of these
operations, special operations forces or special operations-capable units may employ
raid, ambush, or direct assault tactics; emplace mines and other munitions; conduct
standoff attacks by fire from air, ground, or maritime platforms; provide terminal
guidance for precision-guided munitions; conduct independent sabotage; and conduct
anti-ship operations. Also called DA. (JP 1-02)
direct support. A mission requiring a force to support another specific force and
authorizing it to answer directly to the supported force’s request for assistance. Also
called DS. (JP 1-02)
doctrine. Fundamental principles by which the military forces or elements thereof
guide their actions in support of national objectives. It is authoritative but requires
judgment in application. (JP 1-02)
essential elements of friendly information. Key questions likely to be asked by
adversary officials and intelligence systems about specific friendly intentions,
capabilities, and activities, so they can obtain answers critical to their operational
effectiveness. Also called EEFI. (JP 1-02)
explosive ordnance disposal. The detection, identification, on-site evaluation,
rendering safe, recovery, and final disposal of unexploded explosive ordnance. It may
also include explosive ordnance which has become hazardous by damage or
deterioration. Also called EOD. (JP 1-02)
fire support officer. Senior field artillery officer assigned to Army maneuver
battalions and brigades. Advises commander on fire-support matters. Also called FSO.
(JP 1-02)
foreign internal defense. Participation by civilian and military agencies of a
government to free and protect its society from subversion, lawlessness, and
insurgency. Also called FID. (JP 1-02)
forward operations base. In special operations, a base usually located in friendly
territory or afloat that is established to extend command and control or
communications or to provide support for training and tactical operations. Facilities
may be established for temporary or longer duration operations and may include an
airfield or an unimproved airstrip, an anchorage, or a pier. A forward operations base
may be the location of special operations component headquarters or a smaller unit
that is controlled and/or supported by a main operations base. Also called FOB.
(JP 1-02)
Glossary-19
general support. 1. That support which is given to the supported force as a whole
and not to any particular subdivision thereof. 2. (DOD only) A tactical artillery
mission. Also called GS. (JP 1-02)
global positioning system. A satellite constellation that provides highly accurate
position, velocity, and time navigation information to users. Also called GPS. (JP 1-02)
hazard. A condition with the potential to cause injury, illness or death of personnel;
damage to or loss of equipment or property, or mission degradation. (JP 1-02)
health service support. All services performed, provided, or arranged by the
Services to promote, improve, conserve, or restore the mental or physical well-being of
personnel. These services include but are not limited to the management of health
services resources, such as manpower, monies, and facilities; preventive and curative
health measures; evacuation of the wounded, injured, or sick; selection of the
medically fit and disposition of the medically unfit; blood management; medical
supply, equipment, and maintenance thereof; combat stress control; and medical,
dental, veterinary, laboratory, optometric, medical food, and medical intelligence
services. Also called HSS. (JP 1-02)
high-value target. A target the enemy commander requires for the successful
completion of the mission. The loss of high-value targets would be expected to
seriously degrade important enemy functions throughout the friendly commander’s
area of interest. Also called HVT. (JP 1-02)
host nation. A nation that receives the forces and/or supplies of allied nations,
coalition partners, and/or NATO organizations to be located on, to operate in, or to
transit through its territory. Also called HN. (JP 1-02)
host-nation support. Civil and/or military assistance rendered by a nation to foreign
forces within its territory during peacetime, crises or emergencies, or war based on
agreements mutually concluded between nations. Also called HNS. (JP 1-02)
identification. 1. The process of determining the friendly or hostile character of an
unknown detected contact. 2. In arms control, the process of determining which nation
is responsible for the detected violations of any arms control measure. 3. In ground
combat operations, discrimination between recognizable objects as being friendly or
enemy, or the name that belongs to the object as a member of a class. Also called ID.
(JP 1-02)
improvised explosive device. A device placed or fabricated in an improvised
manner incorporating destructive, lethal, noxious, pyrotechnic, or incendiary
chemicals and designed to destroy, incapacitate, harass, or distract. It may incorporate
military stores, but is normally devised from nonmilitary components. Also called
IED. (JP 1-02)
individual protection. Actions taken by individuals to survive and continue the
mission under nuclear, biological, and chemical conditions. (JP 1-02)
individual protective equipment. In nuclear, biological, and chemical warfare, the
personal clothing and equipment required to protect an individual from biological and
chemical hazards and some nuclear effects. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-20
industrial chemicals. Chemicals developed or manufactured for use in industrial
operations or research by industry, government, or academia. These chemicals are not
primarily manufactured for the specific purpose of producing human casualties or
rendering equipment, facilities, or areas dangerous for human use. Hydrogen cyanide,
Cyanogen chloride, phosgene, and chloropicrin are industrial chemicals that also can
be military chemical agents. (JP 1-02)
information requirements. Those items of information regarding the enemy and his
environment which need to be collected and processed in order to meet the intelligence
requirements of a commander. (JP 1-02)
intelligence preparation of the battlespace. An analytical methodology employed
to reduce uncertainties concerning the enemy, environment, and terrain for all types
of operations,. Intelligence preparation of the battlespace builds an extensive database
for each potential area in which a unit may be required to operate. The database is
then analyzed in detail to determine the impact of the enemy, environment, and
terrain on operations and presents it in graphic form. Intelligence preparation of the
battlespace is a continuing process. Also called IPB. (JP 1-02)
intelligence requirement. 1. Any subject, general or specific, upon which there is a
need for the collection of information, or the production of intelligence. 2. A
requirement for intelligence to fill a gap in the command’s knowledge or
understanding of the battlespace or threat forces. (JP 1-02)
intelligence. 1. The product resulting from the collection, processing, integration,
analysis, evaluation, and interpretation of available information concerning foreign
countries or areas. 2. Information and knowledge about an adversary obtained
through observation, investigation, analysis, or understanding. (JP 1-02)
interoperability. 1. The ability of systems, units, or forces to provide services to and
accept services from other systems, units, or forces and to use the services so
exchanged to enable them to operate effectively together. 2. (DOD only) The condition
achieved among communications-electronics systems or items of communications-
electronics equipment when information or services can be exchanged directly and
satisfactorily between them and/or their users. The degree of interoperability should
be defined when referring to specific cases. (JP 1-02)
joint force commander. A general term applied to a combatant commander,
subunified commander, or joint task force commander authorized to exercise
combatant command (command authority) or operational control over a joint force.
Also called JFC. (JP 1-02)
joint operations area. An area of land, sea, and airspace, defined by a geographic
combatant commander or subordinate unified commander, in which a joint force
commander (normally a joint task force commander) conducts military operations to
accomplish a specific mission. Joint operations areas are particularly useful when
operations are limited in scope and geographic area or when operations are to be
conducted on the boundaries between theaters. Also called JOA. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-21
joint rear area coordinator. The officer with responsibility for coordinating the
overall security of the joint rear area in accordance with joint force commander
directives and priorities in order to assist in providing a secure environment to
facilitate sustainment, host-nation support, infrastructure development, and
movements of the joint force. The joint rear area coordinator also coordinates
intelligence support and ensures that area management is practiced with due
consideration for security requirements. Also called JRAC. (JP 1-02)
joint rear area. A specific land area within a joint force commander’s operational
area designated to facilitate protection and operation of installations and forces
supporting the joint force. Also called JRA. (JP 1-02)
joint special operations area. A restricted area of land, sea, and airspace assigned
by a joint force commander to the commander of a joint special operations force to
conduct special operations activities. The commander of joint special operations forces
may further assign a specific area or sector within the joint special operations area to a
subordinate commander for mission execution. The scope and duration of the special
operations forces’ mission, friendly and hostile situation, and politico-military
considerations all influence the number, composition, and sequencing of special
operations forces deployed into a joint special operations area. It may be limited in size
to accommodate a discrete direct action mission or may be extensive enough to allow a
continuing broad range of unconventional warfare operations. Also called JSOA.
(JP 1-02)
joint special operations task force. A joint task force composed of special
operations units from more than one Service, formed to carry out a specific special
operation or prosecute special operations in support of a theater campaign or other
operations. The joint special operations task force may have conventional non-special
operations units assigned or attached to support the conduct of specific missions. Also
called JSOTF. (JP 1-02)
liaison. That contact or intercommunication maintained between elements of military
forces or other agencies to ensure mutual understanding and unity of purpose and
action. (JP 1-02)
line of communications. A route, either land, water, and/or air, that connects an
operating military force with a base of operations and along which supplies and
military forces move. Also called LOC. (JP 1-02)
line of departure. 1. In land warfare, a line designated to coordinate the departure of
attack elements. 2. In amphibious warfare, a suitably marked offshore coordinating
line to assist assault craft to land on designated beaches at scheduled times. Also
called LD. (JP 1-02)
logistic support. Logistic support encompasses the logistic services, materiel, and
transportation required to support the continental United States-based and worldwide
deployed forces. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-22
logistics. The science of planning and carrying out the movement and maintenance of
forces. In its most comprehensive sense, those aspects of military operations that deal
with: a. design and development, acquisition, storage, movement, distribution,
maintenance, evacuation, and disposition of materiel; b. movement, evacuation, and
hospitalization of personnel; c. acquisition or construction, maintenance, operation,
and disposition of facilities; d. acquisition or furnishing of services. (JP 1-02)
main supply route. The route or routes designated within an operational area upon
which the bulk of traffic flows in support of military operations. Also called MSR.
(JP 1-02)
maritime environment. The oceans, seas, bays estuaries, islands, coastal areas, and
the airspace above these, including the littorals. (JP 1-02)
mean lethal dose. 1. The amount of nuclear irradiation of the whole body which
would be fatal to 50 percent of the exposed personnel in a given period of time. 2. The
dose of chemical agent that would kill 50 percent of exposed, unprotected, and
untreated personnel. (JP 1-02)
median incapacitating dose. The amount or quantity of chemical agent which when
introduced into the body will incapacitate 50 percent of exposed, unprotected
personnel. (JP 1-02)
medical treatment facility. A facility established for the purpose of furnishing
medical and/or dental care to eligible individuals. (JP 1-02)
military operations other than war. Operations that encompass the use of military
capabilities across the range of military operations short of war. These military actions
can be applied to complement any combination of the other instruments of national
power and occur before, during, and after war. Also called MOOTW. (JP 1-02)
military standard requisitioning and issue procedure. A uniform procedure
established by the Department of Defense for use within the Department of Defense to
govern requisition and issue of materiel within standardized priorities. Also called
MILSTRIP. (JP 1-02)
mission-oriented protective posture gear. Military term for individual protective
equipment including suit, boots, gloves, mask with hood, first aid treatments, and
decontamination kits issued to soldiers. Also called MOPP gear. (JP 1-02)
mission-oriented protective posture. A flexible system of protection against
nuclear, biological, and chemical contamination. This posture requires personnel to
wear only that protective clothing and equipment (mission-oriented protective posture
gear) appropriate to the threat level, work rate imposed by the mission, temperature,
and humidity. Also called MOPP. (JP 1-02)
mobile training team. A team consisting of one or more US military or civilian
personnel sent on temporary duty, often to a foreign nation, to give instruction. The
mission of the team is to train indigenous personnel to operate, maintain, and employ
weapons and support systems, or to develop a self-training capability in a particular
skill. The National Command Authorities may direct a team to train either military or
civilian indigenous personnel, depending upon host-nation requests. Also called MTT.
(JP 1-02)
Glossary-23
monitoring. 1. The act of listening, carrying out surveillance on, and/or recording the
emissions of one’s own or allied forces for the purposes of maintaining and improving
procedural standards and security, or for reference, as applicable. 2. The act of
listening, carrying out surveillance on, and/or recording of enemy emissions for
intelligence purposes. 3. The act of detecting the presence of radiation and the
measurement thereof with radiation measuring instruments. Also called radiological
monitoring. (JP 1-02)
movement to contact. A form of the offense designed to develop the situation and to
establish or regain contact. (JP 1-02)
multiservice tactics, techniques, and procedures. Actions and methods that
describe how the forces of two or more services will be employed in joint operations. It
is ratified by two or more services and is promulgated in publications that identify the
participating services, e.g., Army-Navy MTTP. MTTP increase interoperability among
service war-fighting, staff, and support elements and, therefore, often require rapid
development to maximize war-fighting effectiveness. MTTP supplement joint doctrine
and JTTP, generally providing an increased level of detail. As such, it often requires
frequent revision.
munition. A complete device charged with explosives, propellants, pyrotechnics,
initiating composition, or nuclear, biological, or chemical material for use in military
operations, including demolitions. Certain suitably modified munitions can be used for
training, ceremonial, or nonoperational purposes. Also called ammunition. (JP 1-02)
named area of interest. The geographical area where information that will satisfy a
specific information requirement can be collected. Named areas of interest are usually
selected to capture indications of adversary courses of action, but also may be related
to conditions of the battlespace. Also called NAI. (JP 1-02)
neat sample. An ideal sample medium for collection and laboratory analysis.
nerve agent. A potentially lethal chemical agent which interferes with the
transmission of nerve impulses. (JP 1-02)
nongovernmental organizations. Transitional organizations of private citizens
that maintain a consultative status with the Economic and Social Council of the
United Nations. Nongovernmental organizations may be professional associations,
foundations, multinational businesses, or simply groups with a common interest in
humanitarian assistance activities (development and relief). “Nongovernmental
organizations” is a term normally used by non-United States organizations. Also called
NGOs. (JP 1-02)
nonpersistent agent. A chemical agent that when released dissipates and/or loses its
ability to cause casualties after 10 to 15 minutes. (JP 1-02)
nuclear defense. The methods, plans, and procedures involved in establishing and
exercising defensive measures against the effects of an attack by nuclear weapons or
radiological warfare agents. It encompasses both the training for, and the
implementation, of these methods, plans and procedures. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-24
nuclear, biological, and chemical defense. Defensive measures that enable
friendly forces to survive, fight, and win against enemy use of nuclear, biological, or
chemical (NBC) weapons and agents. US forces apply NBC defensive measures before
and during integrated warfare. In integrated warfare, opposing forces employ
nonconventional weapons along with conventional weapons (NBC weapons are
nonconventional). (JP 1-02)
nuclear, biological, and chemical environment. Environments in which there is
deliberate or accidental employment, or threat of employment, of nuclear, biological, or
chemical weapons; deliberate or accidental attacks or contamination with toxic
industrial materials, including toxic industrial chemicals; or deliberate or accidental
attacks or contamination with radiological (radioactive) materials. (JP 1-02)
nuclear, biological, and chemical-capable nation. A nation that has the
capability to produce and employ one or more types of nuclear, biological, and chemical
weapons across the full range of military operations and at any level of war in order to
achieve political and military objectives. (JP 1-02)
objective. 1. The clearly defined, decisive, and attainable goals towards which every
military operation should be directed. 2. The specific target of the action taken (for
example, a definite terrain feature, the seizure or holding of which is essential to the
commander’s plan, or an enemy force or capability without regard to terrain features).
(JP 1-02)
observation post. A position from which military observations are made, or fire
directed and adjusted, and which possesses appropriate communications; may be
airborne. Also called OP. (JP 1-02)
obstacle. Any obstruction designed or employed to disrupt, fix, turn, or block the
movement of an opposing force, and to impose additional losses in personnel, time, and
equipment on the opposing force. Obstacles can be natural, man-made, or a
combination of both. (JP 1-02)
operation order. A directed issued by a commander to subordinate commanders for
the purpose of effecting the coordinated execution of an operation. Also called
OPORD. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-25
operational control. Command authority that may be exercised by commanders at
any echelon at or below the level of combatant command. Operational control is
inherent in combatant command (command authority) and may be delegated within
the command. When forces are transferred between combatant commands, the
command relationship the gaining commander will exercise (and the losing
commander will relinquish) over these forces must be specified by the Secretary of
Defense. Operational control is the authority to perform those functions of command
over subordinate forces involving organizing and employing commands and forces,
assigning tasks, designating objectives, and giving authoritative direction necessary to
accomplish the mission. Operational control includes authoritative direction necessary
to accomplish the mission. Operational control should be exercised through the
commanders of subordinate organizations. Normally this is exercised through
subordinate joint force commanders and Service and/or functional component
commanders. Operational control normally provides full authority to organize
commands and forces and to employ those forces as the commander in operational
control considers necessary to accomplish assigned missions; it does not, in and of
itself, include authoritative direction for logistics or matters of administration,
discipline, internal organization, or unit training. Also called OPCON. (JP 1-02)
order of battle. The identification, strength, command structure, and disposition of
the personnel, units, and equipment of any military force. Also called OB. (JP 1-02)
ordnance. Explosives, chemicals, pyrotechnics, and similar stores, e.g., bombs, guns
and ammunition, flares, smoke, or napalm. (JP 1-02)
persistency. In biological or chemical warfare, the characteristics of an agent which
pertains to the duration of its effectiveness under determined conditions after its
dispersal. (JP 1-02)
persistent agent. A chemical agent that, when released, remains able to cause
casualties for more than 24 hours to several days or weeks. (JP 1-02)
pig or piglette. A heavy-duty, metal container that is designed to contain small
sample containers for transport to the laboratory.
preventive medicine. The anticipation, communication, prediction, identification,
prevention, education, risk assessment, and control of communicable diseases,
illnesses and exposure to endemic, occupational, and environmental threats. These
threats include nonbattle injuries, combat stress responses, weapons of mass
destruction, and other threats to the health and readiness of military personnel.
Communicable diseases include anthropod-, vector-, food-, waste-, and waterborne
diseases. Preventative medicine measures include field sanitation, medical
surveillance, pest and vector control, disease risk assessment, environmental and
occupational health surveillance, waste (human, hazardous, and medical) disposal,
food safety inspection, and potable water surveillance. Also called PVNTMED.
(JP 1-02)
priority intelligence requirements. Those intelligence requirements for which a
commander has an anticipated and stated priority in the task of planning and decision
making. Also called PIRs. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-26
proliferation (nuclear weapons). The process by which one nation after another
comes into possession of, or into the right to determine the use of, nuclear weapons;
each nation becomes potentially able to launch a nuclear attack upon another nation.
(JP 1-02)
protection. 1. Measures taken to keep nuclear, biological, and chemical hazards from
having an adverse effect on personnel, equipment, or critical assets and facilities.
Protection consists of five groups of activities: hardening of positions, protecting
personnel, assuming mission-oriented protective posture, using physical defense
measures, and reacting to attack. 2. In space usage, active and passive defensive
measures to ensure that United States and friendly space systems perform as
designed by seeking to overcome an adverary’s attempts to negate them and to
minimize damage if negation is attempted. (JP 1-02)
protective clothing. Clothing especially designed, fabricated, or treated to protect
personnel against hazards caused by extreme changes in physical environment,
dangerous working conditions, or enemy action. (JP 1-02)
protective mask. A protective ensemble designed to protect the wearer’s face and
eyes and prevent the breathing of air contaminated with chemical and/or biological
agents. (JP 1-02)
reconnaissance. A mission undertaken to obtain, by visual observation or other
detection methods, information about the activities and resources of an enemy or
potential enemy, or to secure data concerning the meteorological, hydrographic, or
geographic characteristics of a particular area. Also called RECON. (JP 1-02)
request for information. 1. Any specific time-sensitive ad hoc requirement for
intelligence information or products to support an ongoing crisis or operation not
necessarily related to standing requirements or scheduled intelligence production. A
request for information can be initiated to respond to operational requirements and
will be validated in accordance with the theater command’s procedures. 2. The
National Security Agency/Central Security Service uses this term to state ad hoc
signals intelligence requirements. Also called RFI. (JP 1-02)
risk assessment. The identification and assessment of hazards (first two steps of risk
management process). (JP 1-02)
risk management. The process of identifying, assessing, and controlling risks arising
from operational factors and making decisions that balance risk cost with mission
benefits. Also called RM. (JP 1-02)
rules of engagement. Directives issued by competent military authority that
delineate the circumstances and limitations under which United States forces will
initiate and/or continue combat engagement with other forces encountered. Also called
ROE. (JP 1-02)
search. 1. An operation to locate an enemy force known or believed to be at sea. 2. A
systematic reconnaissance of a defined area, so that all parts of the area have passed
within visibility. 3. To distribute gunfire over an area in depth by successive changes
in gun elevation. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-27
security. 1. Measures taken by a military unit, activity, or installation to protect itself
against all acts designed to, or which may impair its effectiveness. 2. A condition that
results from the establishment and maintenance of protective measures that ensure a
state of inviolability from hostile acts or influences. 3. With respect to classified
matter, the condition that prevents unauthorized persons from having access to
official information that is safeguarded in the interests of national security. (JP 1-02)
smoke screen. A cloud of smoke used to conceal ground maneuver, obstacle
breaching, recovery operations, and amphibious assault operations as well as key
assembly areas, supply routes, and logistic facilities. (JP 1-02)
special reconnaissance. Reconnaissance and surveillance actions conducted by
special operations forces to obtain or verify, by visual observation or other collection
methods, information concerning the capabilities, intentions, and activities of an
actual or potential enemy or to secure data concerning the meteorological,
hydrographic, or geographic characteristics of a particular area. It includes target
acquisition, area assessment, and post-strike reconnaissance. Also called SR. (JP 1-02)
subordinate command. A command consisting of the commander and all those
individuals, units, detachments, organizations, or installations that have been placed
under the command by the authority establishing the subordinate command. (JP 1-02)
surveillance. The systematic observation of aerospace, surface, or subsurface areas,
places, persons, or things, by visual, aural, electronic, photographic or other means.
(JP 1-02)
survey. The directed effort to determine the location and the nature of a chemical,
biological, and radiological hazard in an area. (JP 1-02)
tactical control. Command authority over assigned or attached forces or commands
or military capability or forces made available for tasking, that is limited to the
detailed direction and control of movements or maneuvers within the operational area
necessary to accomplish missions or tasks assigned. Tactical control is inherent in
operational control. Tactical control may be delegated to, and exercised at any level at
or below the level of combatant command. When forces are transferred between
combatant commands, the command relationship the gaining commander will exercise
(and the losing command will relinquish) over these forces must be specified by the
Secretary of Defense. Tactical control provides sufficient authority for controlling and
directing the application of force or tactical use of combat support assets within the
assigned mission or task. Also called TACON. (JP 1-02)
tactical operations center. A physical groupment of those elements of a general and
special staff concerned with the current tactical operations and the tactical support
thereof. Also called TOC. (JP 1-02)
tactics. 1. The employment of units in combat. 2. The ordered arrangement and
maneuver of units in relation to each other and/or the enemy in order to use their
potentialities. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-28
task force. 1. A temporary grouping of units, under one commander, formed for the
purpose of carrying out a specific operation or mission. 2. A semi-permanent
organization of units, under one commander, formed for the purpose of carrying out a
continuing specific task. 3. A component of a fleet organized by the commander of a
task fleet or higher authority for the accomplishment of a specific task or tasks. Also
called TF. (JP 1-02)
terrorism. The calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to
inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the
pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious or ideological. (JP 1-02)
toxic chemical. Any chemical which, through its chemical action on life processes,
can cause death, temporary incapacitation, or permanent harm to humans or animals.
This includes all such chemicals, regardless of their origin or of their method of
production, and regardless of whether they are produced in facilities, in munitions, or
elsewhere. (JP 1-02)
toxic industrial biological. Biological materials (bacteria, viruses, and toxins) found
in medical research, pharmaceutical, or other manufacturing processes that are toxic
to humans and animals, or cause damage to plants. Also known as TIB. (FM 4-02.7)
toxic industrial chemical. Chemical compounds used or produced in industrial
processes that are toxic to humans and animals, or cause damage to plants.
EXAMPLES include fuels, solvents, heavy metals, and chemicals used in
manufacturing processes. Also known as TIC. (FM 4-02.7)
toxic industrial material. Toxic industrial materials may be toxic industrial
chemical (TIC), toxic industrial biological (TIB) and toxic industrial radiological (TIR)
materials. Also known as TIM. (FM 4-02.7)
toxic industrial radiological. Radiation-emitting materials used in research, power
generation, medical treatment, and other non-weapon developmental activities that
are harmful to humans and animals if released outside their controlled environment.
Also known as TIR. (FM 4-02.7)
unconventional warfare. A broad spectrum of military and paramilitary operations,
normally of long duration, predominantly conducted by indigenous or surrogate forces
who are organized, trained, equipped, supported, and directed in varying degrees by
an external source. It includes guerrilla warfare and other direct offensive, low
visibility, covert, or clandestine operations, as well as the indirect activities of
subversion, sabotage, intelligence activities, and evasion and escape. Also called UW.
(JP 1-02)
warning order. 1. A preliminary notice of an order or action which is to follow. 2.
(DOD only) A crisis action planning directive issued by the Chairman of the Joint
Chiefs of Staff that initiates the development and evaluation of courses of action by a
supported commander and requests that a commander’s estimate be submitted. 3.
(DOD only) A planning directive that describes the situation, allocates forces and
resources, establishes command relationships, provides other initial planning
guidance, and initiates subordinate unit mission planning. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-29
weapons of mass destruction. Weapons that are capable of a high order of
destruction and/or of being used in such a manner as to destroy large numbers of
people. Weapons of mass destruction can be high explosives or nuclear, biological,
chemical, and radiological weapons, but exclude the means of transporting or
propelling the weapon where such means is a separable and divisible part of the
weapon. Also called WMD. (JP 1-02)
Glossary-30
INDEX
A
collateral missions L-3
collection equipment E-29
AAs II-3
column formation G-1
aerial survey I-4
commander’s decisions VI-2
agent indicators VII-1
communications L-9
air environment II-4
confirmation I-4
air samples E-33
confirmatory identification VII-2
airfields II-4
conflict termination III-22
air-ground correlation factor I-3
connectivity I-2
all clear I-4
contaminated material retrograde III-23
anchorages II-4
continuous monitoring I-1
APOD III-1
control E-13
APOE III-1
correlation factors I-3, I-10
arctic environment A-3
country codes E-16
area array H-6
CRD L-7
area defense III-18
critical-node array H-7
area monitoring I-1
crosswind search IX-13
area reconnaissance I-1, VI-7, IX-9
CW/BW report E-9
attack indicators I-10
attacks III-13
D
automatic reports K-8
decision support template D-10
B
defensive operations III-18, J-21
definitive identification VII-2
background samples E-45
deposition pattern D-5
battlespace environment D-1
desert environment A-2
biological detection assets H-6
detection I-1
biological samples VII-3
detector employment H-2
bounce-and-bypass survey technique G-13
dewarning I-4
bounding overwatch technique G-7
direct action L-3
box survey technique G-9
direct monitoring I-2
bursting munition D-5
directed report K-9
C
dismounted
operations IX-11
capabilities I-2
surveillance J-12
chain of custody E-13
documentation E-9, E-50
chemical detectors F-22
downwind hazard D-5
chemical samples VII-3
downwind search IX-11
choke points II-3
during attack III-8
civil control II-5
civil/infrastructure environment II-4
E
cloverleaf search technique G-15
echelon formation G-2
coalition support L-4
environmental hazards II-4
COAs
equipment IX-7, J-1
adversary D-9
equipment, capabilities of V-1
development of IV-4
escort E-49
coil formation G-5
collateral effects II-4
Index-1
event
M
matrix D-10
maneuver spaces II-3
template D-10
man-made infrastructures II-4
expected, qualified hazard IX-10
maritime environment II-3
expected, unidentified hazard IX-10
marking I-1, VIII-4, I-12
exploitation III-15
procedures VIII-5
F
signs VIII-4
MDMP IV-1
FID L-2
medical samples E-36
fixed-site operations III-18
medical surveillance I-4, H-10
force organization III-7
mission I-1, L-13
forcible-entry operations III-21
analysis IV-2
functions J-3
receipt IV-2
G
mobile defense III-18
monitoring techniques I-2
ground survey I-6
mountain environment A-1
H
mounted
operations IX-14
handling E-27
surveillance J-12
hazard relationships IX-4
movement
health hazards II-4
formations G-1
herringbone formation G-5
techniques
G-6
I
movement to contact III-12
multiple point sources D-5
identification I-1, E-13
improvised nuclear device D-8
N
indirect monitoring I-2
NAIs H-5
industry II-5
natural harbors II-4
infrastructure II-5
NBC reports VIII-1, K-1
initial report K-8
NBCRS N-1
intelligence III-7
NBCRV N-1
interview form E-24
nearside-farside survey technique
G-7
J
network monitoring H-1
no known hazard IX-9
jungle environment A-2
nonlinear operations III-22
K
nuclear facilities D-7
key terrain II-3
O
L
observation II-3
labeling E-50
obstacles II-3
land environment II-3
offensive operations III-11, J-18
lane search technique G-15
operational commander VII-7
LB team L-4
operational level I-4, N-2
lightweight NBCRS N-1
operational planning IV-1
line formation G-2
OPORD VII-9
littoral environment A-4
orders preparation IV-7
logistics support III-7
organization III-4, IX-7, N-5
luminescent military commodities D-8
organizations, chemical service L-1
Index-2
P
river crossing III-16
route reconnaissance I-1, VI-5, IX-9
packaging E-52
packaging materials E-27
S
pasture sampling E-42
safety IX-3
peacetime preparedness III-1, III-2
SALUTE report VIII-2
peak report K-8
sample IX-15
periodic monitoring I-1
collection VII-2
physical environment III-7
control site VII-8
planning J-7
identification number E-16
point reconnaissance I-1
sampling I-1, VI-4, VII-1, IX-9, E-1, J-15
point source D-5
approaches E-4
postattack III-8
considerations E-4
postmission L-16
environment E-32
PPE levels IX-9
guidelines E-5, E-8
precautionary measures IX-2
kits E-4
premission L-10
location E-6
preparation III-5
plan E-1
prereconnaissance IX-9
sampling team VII-15, E-2
presumptive identification VII-2
sealed source D-8
principles I-2
search I-1, VI-1, IX-9, IX-11, J-10
protection I-4
patterns IX-9
pursuit operations III-15
techniques G-13
R
security assistance L-4
series report K-9
RA IX-1
shipping E-22
radiological
site
detection equipment F-20
assessment E-2
dispersion D-7
closeout E-49
hazards D-7
setup/linkup E-48
monitoring I-10
situation template D-10
samples VII-3
situational awareness I-3
sampling E-37
soil samples E-34
surveys I-4
SOP outline B-1
reactor fuel production D-8
space environment II-4
readiness III-2
special operations L-2
reconnaissance annex IV-4
special report K-9
reconnaissance team VII-8
specialist teams VII-8
recording I-4
special-purpose equipment F-26
relationships
SPOD III-1
command and staff L-9
SPOE III-1
command and support J-17
spray device D-5
reliability I-2
SR L-2
reporting I-1, VIII-1, E-22, K-7
staff VII-5
reports VI-1, VIII-1, K-1
standoff chemical detectors M-1
response III-11
aerospace configuration M-10
response sector III-4
fixed-site employment M-8
responsibilities VII-5, J-3
maritime configuration M-10
retrograde operations III-18
standoff detection II-4, H-6, H-8
star survey technique G-12
Index-3
strategic level I-4
capabilities V-2
strategic planning IV-1
organizations and equipment F-1
Stryker NBCRV N-1
USAF
subterranean environment A-4
capabilities V-4
suitability I-2
organizations and equipment F-12
summary report K-10
USMC
surface contamination I-5
capabilities V-3
surface soil samples E-37
organizations and equipment F-11
surface water samples E-40
USN
surveillance I-1, VI-3, H-1, J-12
capabilities V-5
survey I-1, VI-2, IX-9, IX-15, J-10
organizations and equipment F-14
survey techniques G-7
UW L-3
survivability I-2
V
sustainment III-7
V formation G-2
T
vapor samples E-33
tactical level I-4, N-2
vegetation samples E-35, E-42
tactical planning IV-1
vehicle correlation factor I-3
tasks N-4
vehicle-mounted detector M-3
TBM D-6
verification I-4
templates D-9
verification report K-10
terrain analysis D-1
W
theater access III-7
threat
war gaming IV-6
environment II-1
warning I-3, K-7
evaluation D-3
warning tag VIII-8
TIM
washout I-12
hazards II-2, D-8
water samples E-34
operations, dos and don’ts IX-15
weather II-5
reconnaissance IX-1
weather analysis D-3
timeliness I-2
wedge formation G-2
transfer
witness interviews E-24
operations E-45
Z
procedures E-48
transition III-7
zigzag search technique G-13
traveling overwatch technique G-7
zone reconnaissance I-2, VI-6, IX-9
traveling technique G-7
treatment I-4
tripod-mounted detector M-3
turn-back dose I-7
turn-back dose rate I-7
U
unit checklist C-1
unit employment J-16
units, types of J-4
upwind search IX-12
urban environment A-3
urban sampling E-43
USA
Index-4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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