Haima S5. Chassis System. Instruction - part 1

 Clutch 

System 2A-1 

Volume II Chassis System 

 
Chapter 10  Clutch Operating System.......................................................................................................2A-1 

Chapter 11  List of tires and drive shafts................................................................................................... 2B-1 

Chapter 12  Wheels and tires..................................................................................................................... 2C-1 

Chapter 13  Suspension system.................................................................................................................2D-1 

Chapter 14  Steering system...................................................................................................................... 2E-1 

Chapter 15  Brake system.......................................................................................................................... 2F-1 

 

 
 

 Clutch 

System 2A-1 

Chapter 10 

Clutch Operating System  

 

Clutch Operating System........................................................................................................................2A-2 

    

Cluch pedal assembly............................................................................................................................2A-2 

Check of clutch pedal ...................................................................................................................2A-2 

Free stroke of clutch pedal............................................................................................................2A-2 

Decoupling point of clutch pedal..................................................................................................2A-2 

Removal/installation of clutch pedal ............................................................................................2A-3

 

Removal/installation of clutch assembly pipe ..............................................................................2A-3 

   

Clutch slave cylinder..............................................................................................................................2A-3 

Removal/installation of clutch slave cylinder...............................................................................2A-3 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 Clutch 

System 2A-2 

 

 
 
 

Clutch Operating System 

●Note:  

 

The oil reservoir is shared by the clutch and 

brake system. Provided the clutch is 
disassembled in any case, add in the clutch oil 
(brake oil) and drain the air, check the oil for 
leakage after installing the clutch. 

Cluch pedal assembly 

Check of clutch pedal 

As shown below, the clutch pedal assembly pedal 
pad surface to the distance of the carpet: 

146- 156mm  (for reference) 

 

●  If it’s outside the specified value, check 

whether the clutch pedal and clutch master 
cylinder are correctly assembled, and drain 
the air out of clutch pipe. 

 

Free stroke of clutch pedal 

 The free stroke of clutch pedal is the distance 
required until a resisting force is felt by pressing 
down the clutch pedal by hands. 

Free stroke of pedal: 3 to 12mm (for reference) 

 

Decoupling point of clutch pedal 

1.  Apply the parking brake, and pack the mat 

wood under front and rear wheels. 

2.  Start the engine, and make it idling. 

3.  Don’t step the clutch pedal, and put the gear 

lever slowly in reverse gear. 

4.  In case of hearing the gear noises, keep the 

gear lever in position. 

5.  Step down the clutch pedal slowly. 

6.  When the noises of gear disappears, keep the 

clutch pedal unchanged (decoupling point of 
clutch pedal). 

7.  Measure the distance a (pedal stroke until the 

clutch pedal decoupling point is fully stepped 
down) and pedal stroke. 

8.  Confirm the release stroke is within the 

specified value. 

       Total stroke: 105 to 115 mm (for reference) 

Separated stroke: 50 to 60 mm  (for 
reference)  

       

 

If it’s outside the specified value, check whether 
the clutch pedal and clutch master cylinder are 
correctly assembled, and drain the air out of clutch 
pipe.  

Free stroke of pedal

 

                                             

离合器系统 2A-3

 

 

Removal/installation of clutch pedal 

1.  Remove the drip cup hose clips  , will take 

①

over the oil cup is removed from the brake 
fluid reservoir, and stoppered clutch brake 
reservoir oil outlet to prevent oil spills; 

2.  Pull the clutch master pump   connection with 

⑦

the clutch master pump out the oil hose 
assembly cotter pin, remove the clutch oil hose 
assemblies, and cotter pin Replacing the clutch 
master pump; 

3. 

Remove the clutch pedal mounting nut  , the 

⑥

clutch pedal and clutch master pump be 
removed from the body of the vehicle; 

4.

  Remove the cotter pin   and  , separated 

④

⑤

from the clutch pedal to the clutch master 
pump; 

5.  Assemble it in the reverse sequence of 

removal.  

6.  After installing it

, check the clutch pedal 

again (refer to the check of clutch pedal). 

 

Removal / installation of clutch 
assembly pipe  

1. From clutch master Unscrew the oil pumped out 

of the hose assembly pipe ① clutch bolt head 
②

, ③ the clutch pipe with the clutch master 

pump out the oil hose assembly ① Separated; 

2. Remove the clutch slave cylinder is connected 

with the clutch pipe ④  ⑤ push-in fitting 
cotter pin, so that the two Separated, and then 
replace the clutch slave cylinder cotter； 

3. 

Remove the pipe clutch mounting bolts ⑥, the 

clutch assembly and pipe Separated body; 

4, 

The clutch hose mounting adapter is unplugged 

from the clutch pipe mounting bracket. 

5.  Assemble it in the reverse sequence of 

removal. 

6. After installing it

, check the clutch pedal 

again (refer to the check of clutch pedal). 

 

Clutch slave cylinder 

Removal/installation of clutch slave 
cylinder 

1.  Remove  the  clutch  slave  cylinder  is  connected      
with the clutch pipe ④ ⑤ push-in fitting cotter pin,  
so that the two separated, and then replace the  
clutch slave cylinder cotter pin; 

2.  Remove the clutch slave cylinder using the  tool 
to connect to the transmission bolts ③ (below), 
remove the clutch slave cylinder; 

3.  Assemble it in the reverse sequence of removal. 

4. 

After installing it, check the clutch pedal again 

(refer to the check of clutch pedal). 

            

 

 

 

List of tires and drive shafts 2B-1 

Chapter 11  List of tires and drive shafts 

 

Common procedures ............................................................................................................................... 2B-2

 

Attentions for wheels and tires............................................................................................................... 2B-2 

Removal and installation of wheels and tires........................................................................................ 2B-2 

Keypoints for removal of lock nut and cotter pin ................................................................................ 2B-2 

Keypoints for mounting the lock nut and cotter pin ............................................................................ 2B-2 

Drive shaft................................................................................................................................................ 2B-2

 

         Keypoints for removal of right drive shaft................................................................................... 2B-2

 

Check of drive shaft ................................................................................................................................ 2B-2

 

Keypoints for removal of left drive shaft .............................................................................................. 2B-2

 

Keypoints for installation of snap ring .................................................................................................. 2B-3

 

Keypoints for installation of right drive shaft ...................................................................................... 2B-3

 

Keypoints for installation of left drive shaft ......................................................................................... 2B-3

 

Removal and installation of drive shaft

....................................................................................... 2B-4

 

Disassembly and assembling of drive shaft ........................................................................................... 2B-4

 

Keypoints for disassembling wheel side dustproof rubber sleeve clamp............................................ 2B-6

 

Keypoints for disassembling transmission drive axle side dustproof rubber sleeve clamp .............. 2B-6

 

Keypoints for disassembling inner cage shaft....................................................................................... 2B-6

 

Keypoints for disassembling 3-foot universal joint .............................................................................. 2B-6

 

Keypoints for disassembling dustproof rubber sleeve ......................................................................... 2B-6

 

Keypoints for assembling dustproof rubber sleeve .............................................................................. 2B-6

 

Keypoints for assembling 3-foot universal joint ................................................................................... 2B-6

 

Keypoints for assembling inner cage shaft............................................................................................ 2B-7

 

Keypoints for assembling the transmission drive axle side dustproof rubber sleeve clamp ............ 2B-7

 

Keypoints for assembling the dustproof rubber sleeve clamp on wheel side ..................................... 2B-7

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 

 

List of tires and drive shafts 2B-2 

Common procedures 

Attentions for wheels and tires 

Removal and installation of wheels and tires 

The removal and installation steps of wheels and 
tires are not mentioned in this section. In case of 
removing the wheels, their tightening torque is 
100-120N.m  during the installation.  

Keypoints for removal of lock nut and cotter 
pin 

1.  Use flat-nose pliers remove locknut outside 

cotter pin. 

2.  Apply a braking force to lock the hub. 

3.  Remove the lock nut. 

 

Keypoints for mounting the lock nut and cotter 
pin 

1.  Apply a braking force to lock the nut. 

2.  Install the new lock nut up to fixed torque of 

170-190N.m. At the fixed torque, first hit it 
up to the specified torque before loosening it, 
and hit it up to the specified torque again. 

3.  Use flat-nose pliers outside the cotter pin 

assembly locknut. 

 

Drive shaft 

Keypoints for removal of right drive shaft 

1.  Remove the steering knuckle bolt and nut. 

2.  Wrap the cloth on the ball joint dust cover. 

3.  Pry down the lower swing arm from steering 

knuckle. 

 

 

4.  Use copper hammer tapping nuts, loosen the 

drive shaft from the front hub. 

 

5. Remove the right drive shaft bolts on the base. 

6. Hold the shaft with both hands to separate the 

drive shaft. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Check of drive shaft 

1.  Check the dustproof rubber sleeve of drive 

shaft for cracks or damages, grease for 
leakage or hoop for loosening. 

2.  Check the drive shaft for bends or cracks, 

universal joint or spline for wears. If 
necessary, repair or replace the drive shaft 
and dustproof rubber sleeve or hoop. 

Keypoints for removal of left drive shaft 

1.  Remove the steering knuckle bolt and nut. 

2.  Wrap the cloth on the dustproof rubber sleeve 

of ball joint. 

3.  Pry the lower control arm out of steering 

knuckle. 

Fabric 

 

List of tires and drive shafts 2B-3 

 

 

4.  Attach the spare nut to drive shaft to make the 

nut flush with the end of drive shaft. 

5.  Hit the nut lightly with a copper hammer to 

loosen the drive shaft from front hub. 

6.  Take the drive shaft out of hub. 

Note: the sharp edge of drive shaft will scratch the 
oil seal, so it’s specially careful to remove the 
drive shaft from the transmission drive axle. 

7.  Insert a crowbar between outer ring and 

transmission drive axle, and pry the left drive 
shaft from transmission drive axle, as shown 
in the figure below.  

 

 

Keypoints for installation of snap ring 

1.  While attaching a new snap ring to the 

connecting shaft, make the opening of snap 
ring up, and ensure the diameter of snap ring 
shall not exceed the specified value in 
installation technology requirements. 

2.  After the installation, measure the outer 

diameter of snap ring. If it exceeds the 
specified value, additionally renew a snap 
ring, and repeat Steps 1-2.  

Technical requirements for snap ring outer 
diameter: 26 mm {1. 02 in} 

 

Keypoints for installation of right drive 
shaft  

Note: 

The sharp edges of connecting shaft may scratch 
the oil seal, so it should be specially careful to 
install the drive shaft into the transmission drive 
axle. 

1.  Apply ATF to the lip of oil seal. 

2. Pus

h the right drive shaft into the 

transmission drive axle. 

3.  Fixed bearing bolts on the carriage. 
4.  Insert the right drive shaft into the hub.. 
5.   The lower control arm ball joint to the 

knu

ckle is placed in the corresponding holes 

and fixing bolts and nuts. 

Keypoints for installation of left drive 
shaft  

1.  Insert the left drive shaft into the hub. 

2.  Apply ATF to the lip of oil seal. 

3.  Push the drive shaft into the transmission 

drive axle. 

 

 

4. 

After the installation, draw the outer ring on 
one end of transmission drive axle forward, 
and confirm that the drive shaft is locked by 
the snap ring. 

5. 

The lower control arm ball joint to the knuckle 
is placed in the corresponding holes and fixing 
bolts and nuts. 

Cloth

 

Opening

Snap ring

Outer diameter

 

List of tires and drive shafts 2B-4 

Removal and installation of drive shaft 

.

①

  Drain all the oil out of transmission drive axle. 

.

②

  Remove the hub of steering knuckle. 

.

③

  Remove it in the sequence shown in the table. 

.

④

  Install it in the reverse sequence of removal. 

 

1 Lock 

nut 

Refer to the keypoints for removal of M lock nut. Refer to the keypoints for installation of 
M lock nut. 

2 

Ball joint of steering tie rod end socket 
Refer to the keypoints for steering tie rod end socket ball joint. 

3 

Lower control arm ball joint 

4 Right 

drive 

shaft 

Refer to the keypoints for removal and installation of M drive shaft. 

5 Bolt 

6 

Left drive shaft 
Refer to the keypoints for removal and installation of M drive shaft.. 

7 Snap 

ring 

Refer to the keypoints for installation of M snap ring. 

 

List of tires and drive shafts 2B-5 

Disassembly and assembling of drive shaft 

1.  Disassemble it in the sequence shown in the 

table. 

2.  Assemble it in the reverse sequence of 

disassembly. 

 

 

1 

Wheel side dustproof rubber sleeve clamp 
Refer to the keypoints for disassembling M wheel side dustproof rubber sleeve clamp. Refer 
to the keypoints for assembling M wheel side dustproof rubber sleeve clamp. 

2 

Transmission drive axle side dustproof rubber sleeve clamp 
Refer to the keypoints for disassembling M transmission drive axle side dustproof rubber 
sleeve clamp. Refer to the keypoints for assembling M transmission drive axle side dustproof 
rubber sleeve clamp. 

3 

Inner Cage shaft  
Refer to the keypoints for disassembling M inner Cage shaft.  
Refer to the keypoints for assembling M inner Cage shaft 

4 Snap 

ring 

5 

3-foot universal joint 
Refer to the keypoints for disassembling M 3-foot universal joint. Refer to the keypoints for 
assembling M 3-foot universal joint. 

6 

Dustproof rubber sleeve 
Refer to the keypoints for disassembling M dustproof rubber sleeve. Refer to the keypoints for 
assembling M dustproof rubber sleeve. 

7 

Outside the Cage and ball joint assembly 

 

 

 

 

List of tires and drive shafts 2B-6 

Keypoints for disassembling wheel side 
dustproof rubber sleeve clamp 

Note 

Only when the dustproof rubber sleeve clamp is 
replaced, it’s required to remove the dustproof 
rubber sleeve clamp with clamp forceps and scrap 
it, as shown in the figure below.  

 

Keypoints for disassembling transmission drive 
axle side dustproof rubber sleeve clamp 

Remove big or small clamp with clamp forceps. 

 

Keypoints for disassembling inner cage shaft 

1.  Make a mark for correct assembling on the 

inner cage shaft. 

2.  Remove the inner cage shaft. 

 

Keypoints for disassembling 3-foot universal 
joint 

Note:  make the mark with paint, and don’t punch 
the mark. 

1.  For the purpose of correct assembly, make the 

mark on the shaft and 3-foot universal joint. 

2.  Remove the stop ring with clip forceps. 

3.  Remove 3-foot universal joint from the shaft. 

 

Keypoints for disassembling dustproof rubber 
sleeve 

Note: unless it’s necessary to replace the dustproof 
rubber sleeve ball joint and shaft assembly, don’t 
remove the dustproof rubber sleeve on wheel side 
under common conditions; remove the paper tape 
after assembling the dustproof rubber sleeve.

 

1.  Wrap the spline of shaft with a tape. 

2.  Remove the dustproof rubber sleeve. 

 

Keypoints for assembling dustproof rubber 
sleeve 

Note:  the dustproof rubber sleeves are different 
from each other on wheel side and transmission 
drive axle side; apply the specified grease supplied 
in kits of dustproof rubber sleeve. 

1.  Apply the specified grease to the dustproof 

rubber sleeve on wheel side. 

Filling capacity: 90-110 g {3.13- 3.82oz} 

2.  Since the spline of shaft has been wrapped 

with a taper during the removal, the dustproof 
rubber sleeve can be mounted at this time. 

3. Remove 

the 

tape. 

Keypoints for assembling 3-foot universal joint 

1.  nstall 3-foot universal joint with a crowbar 

and hammer by aligning to the mark; 

Mark 

Mark

Paper tape

 

List of tires and drive shafts 2B-7 

 

2.  Install the new stop ring with clip forceps. 

Keypoints for assembling inner cage shaft 

Note: apply the specified grease supplied in kits of 
dustproof rubber sleeves. 

1.  Apply the specified grease to the outer ring 

and transmission drive axle side dustproof 
rubber sleeve; 

Filling capacity of grease:110-130g {3.82-4.59oz} 

2.  Assemble the inner cage shaft; 

3.  Wrap the head of screwdriver with a cloth, 

then lift up the small end of each dustproof 
rubber sleeve carefully, and drain the air 
remaining in dustproof rubber sleeve. 

 

Keypoints for assembling the transmission drive 
axle side dustproof rubber sleeve clamp 

Note:  the new hoop must be used every time. The 
wrapping direction of hoop should be reverse to 
forward rotation direction of drive shaft. 

1.  After wrapping the hoop by a turn, clamp it 

with clip forceps; 

2.  Lock the hoop with a locking clamp; 

 

 

Keypoints for assembling the dustproof rubber 
sleeve clamp on wheel side 

1.  Turn SST adjusting bolt to adjust the 

clearance A. 

Clearance A:2.9 mm {0.11 in} 

 

2.  Lock the small dustproof rubber sleeve clamp 

on wheel side with SST, and ensure the 
clearance B conforms to the provisions for 
technical requirements. If the clearance B 
exceeds the specified value, reduce the 
clearance A of SST, and re-lock the dustproof 
rubber sleeve. If the clearance B is below the 
specified value, replace the dustproof rubber 
sleeve clamp, increase the clearance A of SST, 
and lock the new dustproof rubber sleeve; 

Clearance B: 2.4-2.8 mm {0.095-0.110 in} 

 

{0.095-0.110 in} 

3.  Ensure the dustproof rubber sleeve clamp 

shall not be outside the clip mounting area. If 
any of above cases occurs, replace the hoop, 
and repeat Steps 2 and 3; 

4.  Fill in the dustproof rubber sleeve with the 

grease supplied in repair kits; 

5.  Turn SST adjusting bolt to adjust the 

clearance A. 

Clearance A: 3.2 mm {0.13 in}; 

6.  Lock the big dustproof rubber sleeve clamp 

on wheel side with SST; 

7.  Ensure the clearance B conforms to the 

provisions for technical requirements; 

If the clearance B exceeds the specified value, 
reduce the clearance A of SST, and re-lock the 
dustproof rubber sleeve. If the clearance B is 
below the specified value, replace the dustproof 
rubber sleeve clamp, increase the clearance A of 

Adjusting screw 

 

List of tires and drive shafts 2B-8 

SST, and turn the edges of new dustproof rubber 
sleeve up to clearance B: 2.4-2.8 mm {0.095-0.110 
in}; 

8.  Ensure the dustproof rubber sleeve clamp is 

not outside the hoop mounting area. If any of 
above cases occurs, replace the hoop, and 
repeat Steps 7 and 8. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Wheels and tires 2C-1 

Chapter 12 

Wheels and tires 

 

Description and operation ......................................................................................................................2C-2 

Tires.............................................................................................................................................. 2C-2 

Tire rotation .................................................................................................................................. 2C-3 

All season tire ............................................................................................................................... 2C-3 

Tire label....................................................................................................................................... 2C-3 

Spare tire....................................................................................................................................... 2C-3 

Wheel............................................................................................................................................ 2C-3 

Tire pressure ................................................................................................................................. 2C-4 

Tire rotation .................................................................................................................................. 2C-4 

Wheel balance............................................................................................................................... 2C-4 

Diagnostic data and procedures.............................................................................................................2C-4 

Tire wears ..................................................................................................................................... 2C-4

 

Irregular or excessive wears of tire............................................................................................... 2C-5

 

Repair instructions .............................................................................................................................2C-6 

Wheel repair instructions.............................................................................................................. 2C-6

 

Instructions for tire size and air pressure ...................................................................................... 2C-7

 

Installation / disassembly of tire pressure monitoring hosts......................................................... 2C-8

 

Tire pressure sensor installation / removal ................................................................................... 2C-8

 

Precautions.................................................................................................................................... 2C-9

 

Function Display Interface

............................................................................................................... 2C-10

 

Function Display Interface Description...................................................................................... 2C-10

 

Troubleshooting.......................................................................................................................... 2C-12

 

 

 

 

 

 

Wheels and tires 2C-2 

Description and operation 

Tires  

Tread 

The portion contacting the road surface outside the 
buffer layer and tire body. It’s made of high wear-
resistant rubber. Its operation is determined by its 
surface details. 

Buffer layer 

The fabric layer between the tread and tire body is 
used to prevent the damages of tires caused by 
road impacts and vibration. 

Tire body 

This main portion is a tire-like structure consisting 
of high-strength synthetic fiber cord fabric. Since it 
must maintain the tire pressure and bear all the 
loads and vibrations of tires, so it must have high 
fatigue-resistant properties. 

Tire bead 

The steel wire coil on ends of tire body, which is 
covered with rubber layers and wrapped with 
nylon threads. It’s used to fix the tire on the rim.

 

Tire tube 

The most tires applied in modern vehicles are 
tubeless tires. 

Sidewall of tire 

It’s used to protect the tire body, flexing resistant 
and improve the driving comfort. 

Tire 

Structure of tubeless tire 

 

 

 

215

Width (mm)

 

65

Flatness rate 65% 

(Height/width)×100

 

R

 

Radial tire

 

16

Rim diameter 

(Inner diameter of tire, 

feet)

 

102

Max. load index

 

215/65R16

102H

 

H

 

Max. speed rating

 

 

215

Width (mm)

 

60

Flatness rate 65% 

(Height/width)×100

 

R

 

Radial tire

 

17

Rim diameter 

(Inner diameter of tire, 

feet)

 

96

Max. load index

 

215/60R17

96H

 

H

 

Max. speed rating

 

Tire hydroplaning 

When the vehicle is driving on the road surface 
with water at high speed, it will make the tires 
unable to drive like rolling on the good road 
surface, thus the tires may float on it. This is called 
as tire hydroplaning.It will cause the failure of 

Buffer layer

 

Tread

Sidewall 

Tire body

Tire bead

Inflating 

valve

Width

Outer 

diameter

Inner 

diameter

 

Height

Width

 

Wheels and tires 2C-3 

brake, low friction force and steering failure, so 
it’s very dangerous.  

 

Standing wave 

During the rotation of tires, the tread will produce 
the repeated deformations and restoring torques. 
However, the new deformation has been produced 
and the previous deformation still exists at higher 
speed, so a vibration wave will be produced on 
local part of tread. The lower the tire pressure is, 
the more serious its vibration wave is, especially at 
high speed. 

 

 

Tire rotation 

As indicated in the tire performance criteria (TPC), 
the numbers have been engraved in the tire side 
mold near to tire size. It indicates that these 
numbers include the traction force index, strength, 
size and rolling resistance conforming to the 
criteria. Generally speaking, each size of tire shall 
have different TPC numbers.  

Note:  Don’t use different types of tires on the 
same vehicle, e.g.radial tire and bias tire, except in 
emergency cases, because the vehicle will be 
seriously influenced, and it may cause the control 
failure of vehicle.  

Replace the original tires with the tires of the same 
size, load and structure. The use of other sizes or 
structures of tires will seriously influence the ride 
comfort, steering properties, speedometer / 

mileometer values, vehicle ground clearance, and 
clearance from tire to vehicle body or chassis. But 
it’s not applicable for spare tires. 

It’s recommended to replace a pair of tires on the 
same shaft synchronously during the renewal of 
tires. 

If it’s required to replace a tire, find a nearest tread 
to compensate the braking coefficients. 

Different producers design different tread patterns, 
but the same TPC number may be used on the 
same vehicle. 

 

All season tire 

Now, most of vehicles are equipped with all season 
PCR tires as standard configurations. These tires 
can be used as snow tires. During the use in the 
snow, their average ratio is 37% higher than 
friction coefficient of non-all season tires. In other 
aspects, e.g.their wet water friction coefficient, 
rolling resistance, tread service life and air 
resistance are all improved, because the design of 
tread patterns and tread compound are also 
improved. These tires have “M+S” engraved 
behind their tire side marked size codes. The suffix 
“MS” is also engraved behind the instructions for 
tire side TPC numbers. 

Not all the steering wheel tires are all season tires. 
These tires have no “MS” marks behind the tire 
sizes or behind the instructions for TPC numbers. 

Tire label 

The tire labels shall be permanently affixed behind 
the side door of driver’s seat, and the tires shall be 
inflated as per the above tire pressure. The 
maximum vehicle load, tire specifications 
(including the spare tire) and inflating pressure 
((including the spare tire) are described on the tire 
labels.  

Spare tire 

This vehicle is equipped with full-size wheels and 
spare tires on it. 

Wheel 

If any of the following cases occur to the wheels, 
they must be replaced: bends, indentions, flanging 
or deflected jumps, air leakage of weld joints, 
enlargement of bolt holes, or fixing failure or 
serious rusting of bolts. The jumps of wheel 
transition will cause the vibration of vehicle. Any 
replaced wheel must have the same load, diameter, 
rim width, offset distance and mounting size as 
those of original wheel. The inconformity of wheel 
size or type will influence the service life of wheel 

High-speed driving 

Low-speed driving

 

Wheels and tires 2C-4 

and bearing, cooling of brake, readings of 
speedometer/kilometer, vehicle ground clearance, 
and clearance from tire to vehicle body and chassis. 

Tire pressure 

The recommended air pressure of any vehicle tire 
shall be carefully calculated, which will give your 
driving/ride comfort, good steering ability, extend 
the service life of tire, and ensure its loading 
capacity. 

Check the tire every 5,000km. The tire pressure 
must be checked every month or before driving it 
for long distance. The tire must be checked at low 
temperature, i.e. when the vehicle drives for about 
3 minutes or at less than 1. 6km/hour. Inflate the 
tire as per the air pressure indicated in the tire label 
on driver’s seat side door. The inflation pressure of 
tire has been given in “Instructions for Tire 
Specifications and Inflation Pressure” of this 
section.  

The inflating valve must have a nut cap on it, 
which is used to prevent the dust and water from 
entering into it.  

The air pressure above the recommended pressure 
will lead to: 

●

  Harder ride and driving 

●

  Explosion or damages of tire 

●

  Rapid wears of tread in the middle of tire  

The air pressure below the recommended pressure 
will lead to: 

●

  Large noises while turning 

●

 Difficult 

steering 

●

  Rapid or uneven wears of both sides of tire 

●

  Scratches or cutting of tire edges 

●

  Fracture of tire cord 

At higher tire temperature, its different tire 
pressure on the same shaft will lead to: 

●

 Uneven 

braking 

force 

●

 Heavy 

steering 

●

  Reduction of handling stability 

●

  Sudden steering during the acceleration 

●

  Direction of torque control 

Tire rotation 

Front and rear tires have different functions and 
will lead to uneven wears, which is determined by 
road surfaces for driving and different driving 

habits,etc. The wear rate of front wheel tire is 
below that of rear wheel tire. 

In order to avoid uneven wears of tire and extend 
its service life, rotate the tire every 10,000km. 
After rotating the tire, adjust its air pressure, and 
ensure that the torque of hub nut meets the 
specified requirements. 

Minimum pattern depth 

1.6mm(0.06 inch) 

 

Wheel balance 

It’s a simple process to check the wheel balance. If 
the wheel jumps at high speed, it shall be first 
checked by you. During the replacement of wheels 
and tires, their balances must be checked. 

While checking the wheel balance, be sure to 
follow the rules below: 

①

  The number of balance blocks shall not 

exceed two on inner or outer side of one 
wheel; 

②

  The total weight of one wheel balance block 

shall not exceed 100g (3.5 ounce); 

Diagnostic data and procedures 

Tire wears 

①

  Check the depth of tire pattern. 

②

  If the depth of its pattern is below the given 

value, please replace the tire. 

 

It can be seen from the specifications that the tire 
must be replaced when the depth of tire pattern is 
reduced (below 1. 6mm (0. 06 inch)).