Military reference books and manuals (2009-2023, Volume 8)

Appendix A

Time in theater for this deployment.

Number of previous deployments.

Amount of rest before the start of the operation.

Shooter location (grid reference and description).

ROE used for the engagement.

Weapon system used.

Type of ammunition used.

From what platform was the weapon fired (truck, tank, aircraft).

If the shooter was under enemy fire.

If shooter was qualified on the weapon system used.

If rounds impacted their intended target. If no, explain.

If weapon malfunctions were a factor in the engagement. If so, how?

TARGET INFORMATION

A-16. Target information answers—

Intended target.

Target location (grid reference and description).

Range of the shooter to the intended target.

How target identification was acquired (hostile act, hostile intent, or deliberate targeting).

If target identification was maintained throughout the entire engagement.

If obscuration impacted the shooter’s ability to engage the target If so, how?

Number of confirmed and suspected civilians wounded and/or killed for this engagement.

If civilian casualties were caused as a primary effect (primary munitions hit civilians) or a

secondary effect (falling debris hitting civilians).

If this was an escalation-of-force incident, whether the rounds that caused civilian casualties

were intended to be warning, disabling, or killing shots.

CLOSE AIR SUPPORT (CAS) OR CLOSE COMBAT ATTACK (CCA)

INFORMATION

A-17. Close Air Support or Close Combat Attack information answers—

If a 9-line CAS call or 5-line CCA brief was provided.

If the aircraft was under enemy fire.

If the controller or CCA requester was under enemy fire.

Supported commander’s desired effect.

Who made the weaponeering decision.

If friendly locations were exchanged between the controller/requester and aircrew.

If civilian locations were exchanged between the controller/requester and aircrew.

If the target location was agreed upon between the controller/requester and aircrew?

If a joint fires observer was involved.

If target was visible to the controller or requester.

What the range was from the controller or requester to the target.

How positive identification of the target was established.

How and by whom a collateral damage estimation was performed.

The altitude of the aircraft.

What CAS/CCA control type was used (1, 2, or 3).

A-4

ATP 3-07.6

29 October 2015

Civilian Casualty Data Collection

BATTLE HANDOVER AND BATTLE DAMAGE ASSESSMENT

INFORMATION

A-18. Battle handover and battle damage assessment information answers—

If a battle handover occurred after the mission. If so, to which unit.

If the battle handover was preplanned or impromptu.

If BDA was focused on identifying civilian casualties conducted after the operation.

How soon after the operation was complete that the civilian casualty BDA was conducted.

Explain how the civilian casualty BDA was conducted.

If the initial civilian casualty BDA identified all of the civilian casualties. If not, how were

additional civilian casualties identified?

If there were limiting factors with the civilian casualty BTM. If so, explain.

MITIGATION INFORMATION

A-19. Mitigation information answers—

Whether medical care was provided to any civilian casualties.

How soon medical care was provided.

If any civilian casualties were evacuated for additional medical care. If so, explain.

If medical assistance was coordinated with family, and tribal leaders, if necessary.

If any key leader engagements were conducted. If so, at what level, with whom, and how soon

after the mission?

If ex gratia payments were made. If so, to whom, in what amount, and how soon after the

mission were payments made?

If any information measures were taken. If so, explain.

If military information support operations and public affairs efforts were conducted to rebut

enemy propaganda.

If there were any additional mitigation measures taken. If so, explain.

If these measures were successful, and why.

DISSEMINATION

A-20. Dissemination information answers—

When and to whom were reports and any updates disseminated.

29 October 2015

ATP 3-07.6

A-5

Glossary

The glossary lists acronyms and terms with Army or joint definitions. The proponent

manual for terms is listed in parentheses after the definition.

SECTION I - ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

ATP

Army techniques publication

BDA

battle damage assessment

CAS

close air support

CCA

close combat attack

CCIR

commander’s critical information requirement

CMOC

civil-military operations center

Department of the Army

dislocated civilian

field manual

host nation

joint publication

MARO

mass atrocity response operations

MISO

military information support operations

operational environment

PMESII-PT

political, military, economic, social, information, infrastructure, physical

environment, and time

ROE

rules of engagement

SOFA

status-of-forces agreement

TLE

target location error

UAS

unmanned aircraft system

UCMJ

Uniform Code of Military Justice

United Nations

USG

United States Government

SECTION II - TERMS

assessment

Determination of the progress toward accomplishing a task, creating a condition, or achieving an

objective. (JP3-0)

civil-military operations

Activities of a commander performed by designated civil affairs or other military forces that establish,

maintain, influence, or exploit relations between military forces, indigenous populations, and

institutions, by directly supporting the attainment of objectives relating to the reestablishment or

maintenance of stability within a region or host nation. (JP 3-57)

29 October 2015

ATP 3-07.6

Glossary-1

Glossary

civil-military operations center

An organization normally comprised of civil affairs, established to plan and facilitate coordination of

activities of the Armed Forces of the United States with indigenous populations and institutions, the

private sector, intergovernmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations, multinational forces,

and other governmental agencies in support of the joint force commander. (JP 3-57).

counterinsurgency

Comprehensive civilian and military efforts designed to simultaneously defeat and contain insurgency

and address its root causes. (JP 3-24)

dislocated civilian

A broad term primarily used by the Department of Defense that includes a displaced person, an

evacuee, an internally displaced person, a migrant, a refugee, or a stateless person. (JP 3-29)

host nation

A nation which receives the forces and/or supplies of allied nations and/or NATO organizations to be

located on, to operate in, or to transit through its territory. (JP 3-57)

irregular warfare

A violent struggle among state and non-state actors for legitimacy and influence over the relevant

population(s). Irregular warfare favors indirect and asymmetric approaches, though it may employ the

full range of military and other capacities, in order to erode an adversary’s power, influence, and will.

(JP 1)

law of war

That part of international law that regulates the conduct of armed hostilities. (FM 27-10)

mass atrocity response operations

Military activities conducted to prevent or halt mass atrocities. (JP 3-07.3)

military information support operations

Planned operations to convey selected information and indicators to foreign audiences to influence

their emotions, motives, objective reasoning, and ultimately the behavior of foreign governments,

organizations, groups, and individuals in a manner favorable to the originator’s objectives. (JP 3-13.2)

operational environment

A composite of the conditions, circumstances, and influences that affect the employment of

capabilities and bear on the decisions of the commander. (JP 3-0)

peacekeeping

Military operations undertaken with the consent of all major parties to a dispute, designed to monitor

and facilitate implementation of an agreement (cease fire, truce, or other such agreement) and support

diplomatic efforts to reach a long-term political settlement. (JP 3-07.3)

peacemaking

The process of diplomacy, mediation, negotiation, or other forms of peaceful settlements that arranges

an end to a dispute and resolves issues that led to it. (JP 3-07.3)

peace operations

A broad term that encompasses multiagency and multinational crisis response and limited contingency

operations involving all instruments of national power with military missions to contain conflict,

redress the peace, and shape the environment to support reconciliation and rebuilding and facilitate the

transition to legitimate governance. Peace operations include peacekeeping, peace enforcement,

peacemaking, peace building, and conflict prevention efforts. (JP 3-07.3)

rules of engagement

Directives issued by competent military authority that delineate the circumstances and limitations

under which United States forces will initiate and/or continue combat engagement with other forces

encountered. (JP 1-04)

Glossary-2

ATP 3-07.6

29 October 2015

References

All URLs accessed on 8 September 2015.

REQUIRED PUBLICATIONS

These documents must be available to intended users of this publication.

ADRP 1-02. Terms and Military Symbols. 2 February 2015.

JP 1-02. Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms. 8 November 2010.

RELATED PUBLICATIONS

These documents contain relevant supplemental information.

ARMY PUBLICATIONS

Most Army doctrinal publications are available online: http://www.apd.army.mil/

ADP 2-0. Intelligence. 31 August 2012.

ADP 3-07. Stability. 31 August 2012.

ADRP 2-0. Intelligence. 31 August 2012.

ADRP 3-07. Stability. 31 August 2012.

ADRP 5-0. The Operations Process. 17 May 2012.

AR 15-6. Procedures for Investigating Officers and Boards of Officers. 2 October 2006.

ATP 2-01.3. Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield/Battlespace. 10 November 2014.

ATP 3-07.5. Stability Techniques. 31 August 2012.

ATP 3-39.33. Civil Disturbances. 21 April 2014.

ATP 3-57.10. Civil Affairs Support to Populace and Resources Control. 6 August 2013.

ATP 3-57.20. Multi-Service Techniques for Civil Affairs Support to Foreign Humanitarian Assistance.

15 February 2013.

ATP 3-57.50. Civil Affairs Civil Information Management. 6 September 2013.

ATP 3-90.15. Site Exploitation. 28 July 2015.

FM 2-91.6. Soldier Surveillance and Reconnaissance: Fundamentals of Tactical Information

Collection. 10 October 2007.

FM 3-07. Stability. 2 June 2014.

FM 3-13. Inform and Influence Activities. 25 January 2013.

FM 3-16. The Army in Multinational Operations. 8 April 2014.

FM 3-22. Army Support to Security Cooperation. 22 January 2013.

FM 3-57. Civil Affairs Operations. 31 October 2011.

FM 3-90-1. Offense and Defense Volume 1. 22 March 2013.

FM 3-90-2. Reconnaissance, Security, and Tactical Enabling Tasks Volume 2. 22 March 2013.

FM 27-10. The Law of Land Warfare. 18 July 1956.

JOINT AND DOD PUBLICATIONS

Most joint publications are available online: http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/new_pubs/jointpub.htm

JP 1

Doctrine for the Armed Forces of the United States, 25 March 2013

JP 1-04. Legal Support to Military Operations, 17 August 2011

JP 3-0. Joint Operations, 11 August 2011

29 October 2015

ATP 3-07.6

References-1

References

JP 3-05. Special Operations. 16 July 2014.

JP 3-07.3. Peace Operations. 1 August 2012.

JP 3-08. Interorganizational Coordination During Joint Operations. 24 June 2011.

JP 3-10. Joint Security Operations in Theater. 13 November 2014.

JP 3-13. Information Operations. 27 November 2012.

JP 3-13.2 Military Information Support Operations. 21 November 2014.

JP 3-24. Counterinsurgency. 22 November 2013.

JP 3-29. Foreign Humanitarian Assistance. 03 January 2014.

JP 3-57. Civil-Military Operations. 11 September 2013.

JP 3-68. Noncombatant Evacuation Operations. 23 December 2010.

JP 4-10. Operational Contract Support. 16 July 2014.

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

Beadle, Alexander William. March 2014. Protection of Civilians - military planning scenarios and

implications. Norwegian Defence Research Establishment. Kjeller, Norway.

http://rapporter.ffi.no/rapporter/2014/00519.pdf

Executive Order 13595. United States National Action Plan on Women, Peace, and Security.

Washington, DC. https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/email-

Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Institute. January 2013. Protection of Civilians Military

Reference Guide. Carlisle, PA.

http://pksoi.army.mil/Publications/Collaborative/Docs/PoC_Military_reference_guide_Final.

Sewall, Sarah, et al. May 2010. The MARO Handbook. The President and Fellows of Harvard College,

Cambridge, MA. http://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/carrcenter/files/maro_handbook.pdf

UNITED STATES LAW

Most acts and public laws are available at http://thomas.loc.gov/home/thomas.php.

The Foreign Claims Act. Available at https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/10/2734.

The Uniform Code of Military Justice. Available at

http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/10/subtitle-A/part-II/chapter-47.

PRESCRIBED FORMS

This section contains no entries.

REFERENCED FORMS

Unless otherwise indicated, DA forms are available on the Army Publishing Directorate web site:

www.apd.army.mil

DA Form 2028. Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms.

References-2

ATP 3-07.6

29 October 2015

Index

Entries are by paragraph number.

civilian risks, 1-1, 1-33, 2-1, 2-7,

enemy forces, 2-14, 2-31, 3-37,

2-37, 2-49, 2-83, 2-86, 3-18,

5-13−5-14, 5-23

armed conflict, 1-19, 1-22, 1-32,

3-25, 4-3, 4-5

ethnic, tensions, 2-25

2-7, 2-12, 2-15, 2-17, 2-34,

civil-military operations, 3-13, 4-8

2-38, 2-65, 3-39, 3-47, 4-11,

execution, 3-23

4-19, 4-31, 5-1

Civil-Military Operations Center

expectation, management, 4-11

(CMOC), 4-8

armed groups, 2-11−2-12, 2-14,

exploitation,1-30, 2-2, 2-14, 2-36,

2-28−2-29, 2-32, 2-35, 4-18

collateral damage, 1-2, 1-32,

4-17, 4-32−4-33, 5-62

2-2−2-3, 2-8, 3-23, 3-37−3-38,

army units, 1-7−1-10, 1-12−1-17,

sexual, 2-39, 4-27−4-30

3-41−3-42, 5-2−5-3, 5-6, 5-37

1-20−1-21, 1-24, 1-28,

site, 5-58, 5-71

1-31−1-34, 2-1−2-2, 2-4−2-5,

combat, 1-5, 1-10−1-12, 2-10,

2-7, 2-13, 2-17, 2-22−2-23,

2-53, 3-36−3-38, 5-1, 5-23,

2-27−2-34, 2-37−2-38,

5-90

fires, 2-10, 2-73, 3-28, 3-30,

2-40−2-42, 2-44, 2-46−2-48,

command post organization,

3-41−3-42, 5-13, 5-21, 5-37,

2-51−2-54, 2-58, 2-63−2-66,

5-39

3-13−3-14

2-69−2-71, 2-73−2-74, 2-76,

foreign security forces, 1-20

conflict prevention, 1-18, 4-17

2-79, 2-82, 2-85, 2-87, 3-7, 3-9,

fragile states, 1-26, 2-12−2-13,

conflict-related sexual violence,

3-15−3-18, 3-21−3-22,

2-17, 4-19

1-4, 1-30, 1-32, 2-12, 2-15,

3-25−3-27, 3-33−3-36,

2-41, 2-70, 4-5, 4-9, 4-18−4-30

3-38−3-39, 3-43, 3-47−3-49,

4-3−4-9, 4-11−4-15, 4-17−4-18,

corruption, 1-26−1-27, 1-29, 2-25,

gangs, 2-32, 2-43, 4-33, 5-48

4-21−4-23, 4-25, 4-30, 4-32,

2-35−2-36

gender issues, 1-21, 1-30, 4-22

4-34, 4-36, 4-38, 5-2−5-5, 5-9,

counterinsurgency, 1-6, 2-11, 5-3,

5-11−5-14, 5-19, 5-21−5-24,

governance, 1-7, 1-9, 1-34, 2-22,

5-12

5-31, 5-38, 5-40−5-43, 5-48,

2-24, 2-27, 2-71, 4-3, 4-7,

cultural awareness, 3-9, 3-12,

5-51−5-52, 5-55, 5-57−5-60,

4-12−4-13

4-23

5-63, 5-68−5-71, 5-82, 5-84,

5-87, 5-94, 5-97

culture, 1-27, 2-37, 2-39−2-40,

4-20, 4-23, 4-25, 4-28, 4-30,

host nation, 1-3, 1-21, 1-29, 2-20,

assessment, 3-24

5-24, 5-38, 5-64−5-66, 5-79,

2-23, 2-30, 2-41, 2-78, 3-13,

audiences, 1-25, 2-23, 2-45−2-46,

5-85

3-26, 3-48, 4-1, 4-6−4-7, 4-11,

4-9, 5-52, 5-97

4-29−4-30, 5-24, 5-71, 5-80,

5-93

B-C

demographics, 2-37

host nation ownership, 1-21, 1-29

child welfare, 4-34

dislocated civilian risks, 2-15

host-nation, 1-3, 1-13, 1-26,

children , 1-34, 2-3, 2-14, 2-70,

dislocated civilians, 1-12, 2-38,

1-28−1-29, 1-34, 2-13, 2-23,

3-33, 4-9, 4-15, 4-17, 4-20,

2-43, 2-56, 3-43, 3-47, 3-49,

2-41, 2-46, 2-62, 2-69, 2-71,

4-24, 4-31−4-37, 5-93

4-37−4-38

2-78, 2-81−2-82, 3-12−3-13,

child-soldiers, 2-14, 2-44,

dynamics, 1-32, 2-1, 2-25,

3-16, 3-18−3-20, 3-32, 3-35,

4-31−4-32, 4-34−4-35

2-65−2-66, 2-74, 2-88

3-45, 3-48, 4-1−4-3, 4-6−4-9,

civil information, 2-85, 3-13

4-12, 4-17, 4-24−4-26,

4-28−4-30, 4-34, 5-9, 5-14,

civil war, 2-7, 2-21, 2-67

employment, 2-27, 2-72, 2-75,

5-16−5-18, 5-21, 5-23−5-24,

civilian casualty incidents, 2-23,

3-25, 3-41−3-42

5-26−5-27, 5-39, 5-41−5-43,

2-31, 2-61, 3-8, 4-4, 5-3,

5-48, 5-55, 5-58, 5-66,

5-16−5-19, 5-23, 5-25−5-26

enemy, 1-10, 1-12, 2-2, 2-5−2-6,

5-68−5-69, 5-72, 5-78, 5-80,

learning from, 5-43−5-50

2-14, 2-18, 2-31−2-32,

5-82−5-84, 5-86, 5-90, 5-98

responding to, 5-51−5-54

2-51−2-52, 2-68, 3-15, 3-20,

3-37, 3-41, 3-49, 4-35, 5-2−5-4,

human rights, 1-20, 1-30, 2-11,

civilian casualty mitigation, 1-4,

5-10−5-14, 5-22−5-23,

2-17, 2-39, 2-49, 2-84, 3-35

2-30, 2-60, 2-62, 3-1, 4-4, 4-9,

5-36−5-37, 5-39, 5-48, 5-57,

law, 1-19, 1-22

5-8−5-11, 5-14−5-15, 5-17,

5-61−5-62, 5-74, 5-82,

protection of, 1-30

5-19, 5-22, 5-24−5-25, 5-27,

5-97−5-98

5-39, 5-43−5-44, 5-49, 5-66,

5-98

29 October 2015

ATP 3-07.6

Index-1

Index

Entries are by paragraph number.

human trafficking, 1-30,

Mass Atrocity Response

physical violence, 1-1, 1-3, 2-34

2-12−2-13, 2-15, 2-35−2-36,

Operations (MARO), 1-4,

PMESII-PT, 1-32, 2-18, 2-65,

2-44, 2-71, 4-18, 4-28

1-14−1-15, 1-33, 2-25, 2-32,

2-74−2-75

3-1, 3-4−3-5, 5-70

humanitarian assistance, 1-5,

police units, 2-32

1-12, 1-14, 1-30, 2-9, 2-16,

mass atrocity sites, 5-70

political conflict, 2-21

2-35, 2-42, 2-64, 3-21, 4-3,

Military Information Support

4-14, 4-17, 5-69

political violence, 2-11, 2-21

Operations (MISO), 1-12, 2-48,

impeded access to, 2-16

population, 1-6, 1-16, 2-3, 2-12,

5-30

essential services, 1-1, 2-16,

2-23, 2-29, 2-34, 2-40, 2-47,

military operations, 1-5−1-6, 1-19,

2-53, 2-72, 4-13, 4-25, 5-48

2-73, 2-75−2-76, 2-79, 2-85,

1-25, 2-2, 2-8, 2-26, 2-58, 5-2

3-6, 3-15, 3-18, 3-20, 3-34,

militia, 1-2, 2-29, 2-32, 5-48

3-48, 4-5, 4-8, 5-7, 5-9, 5-12,

incident awareness, 5-54,

mission command, 3-29−3-32

5-21, 5-30, 5-34, 5-39, 5-48,

5-55−5-59

5-51, 5-79, 5-98

mission preparation, 3-20−3-22

infrastructure, 1-11, 1-32, 2-10,

post-deployment preparations,

movement and maneuver, 3-28,

2-18, 2-52−2-55, 2-75, 3-21,

3-15

3-30, 3-33−3-35

3-42−3-44, 4-13, 5-23, 5-48

private armies, 2-32

multinational operations, 4-6

initial response, 5-54, 5-60−5-69

protection of children, 4-31−4-37

National Action Plan on Women,

insurgency, 1-6, 2-21, 2-67, 5-3,

Peace, and Security, 4-16−4-17

protection of vulnerable groups,

5-12

4-15

intelligence, 1-32, 2-1, 2-28, 2-30,

protection of women, 4-16−4-17

2-49, 2-77−2-83, 2-85, 3-1,

neutrality, 1-32, 2-64, 2-87, 4-3

3-13, 3-27−3-28, 3-30, 3-35,

psychological counseling, 4-25

neutralization of threats,

3-40, 5-15, 5-98

public affairs, 2-48, 5-30,

3-36−3-38

5-61−5-62, 5-94, 5-96

internal security forces, 2-32

nonmilitary information, 2-86

investigations, 3-11, 3-13−3-14,

Q-R

4-23, 4-28, 5-17−5-18, 5-25,

rebels, 2-32

5-46, 5-51−5-52, 5-58, 5-61,

operational environment, 1-32,

5-68, 5-70, 5-72−5-77, 5-79,

regular, military, 2-32

2-1, 2-34, 2-44, 2-69, 2-74,

5-81, 5-83, 5-89, 5-91,

2-88, 3-25, 3-40, 4-22, 5-91

religion, 2-15, 2-37

conducting, 5-78−5-81

operational variables, 2-1, 2-18,

requirements, 1-6, 2-74, 2-77,

challenges of, 5-82−5-84

2-74, 3-26

2-81, 3-43, 4-8, 4-25, 4-37,

irregular warfare, 1-16−1-17

political factors, 2-19−2-27

5-18, 5-67, 5-69, 5-95

military factors, 2-28−2-33

rogue military units, 2-32

J-K

economic factors, 2-34−2-36

Rule of Law, 1-7, 1-9, 1-34, 2-13,

key leader and population

information factors, 2-45−2-51

2-22, 2-69, 3-12, 4-3, 4-7, 4-12,

engagements, 4-5

infrastructure factors,

4-21

key leaders, 4-5, 5-61, 5-85

2-52−2-55

rules of engagement (ROE),

physical environment

law of war, 1-1, 1-8, 1-10−1-11,

considerations, 2-56−2-57

1-23−1-24, 3-9, 3-10, 3-42, 5-3,

1-19, 1-22, 1-24, 2-4, 2-8−2-9,

5-5, 5-33, 5-35, 5-44

time considerations, 2-58−2-62

2-16, 3-9, 3-42, 5-2−5-3, 5-19,

5-25, 5-60

other vulnerable groups, 4-38

secret police, 2-33

security, 1-8−1-9, 1-12, 1-13,

legal, 1-1, 1-3, 1-6, 1-21,

paramilitary units, 2-32

1-16, 1-28, 1-32, 2-9, 2-24,

1-23−1-25, 1-31, 2-4, 3-13,

patrolling, 3-33

2-26−2-27, 2-38, 2-47, 2-60,

4-25, 4-36, 5-3, 5-68, 5-71,

patrols, 2-60, 3-33−3-34, 4-22,

2-69, 2-71, 2-77, 2-87, 3-21,

5-87,

4-24, 4-36

3-34−3-35, 3-43, 3-47, 4-3, 4-7,

authorities, 1-23

peace building, 1-18, 4-17

4-13−4-14, 4-19, 4-29, 4-38,

legitimacy, 1-21, 1-25−1-27, 1-31,

5-13, 5-29,

peace enforcement operations,

2-24, 2-47, 2-76, 4-5, 4-21,

forces, 1-3, 1-13, 1-20, 1-29,

1-18

4-27−4-28, 5-3, 5-51, 5-58

1-34, 2-13, 2-32−2-33, 2-39,

limited contingency operations,

peace operations, 1-3, 1-5,

2-71, 2-80, 3-12, 3-19, 3-35,

1-18−1-19

1-14

3-45, 3-48, 4-1−4-2, 4-22,

peacekeeping operations, 1-18

4-24, 4-28, 4-30, 5-21,

5-23−5-24, 5-27, 5-48, 5-55,

peacemaking, 1-18

making amends, 5-87−5-93

5-58, 5-69, 5-82, 5-84,

Index-2

ATP 3-07.6

29 October 2015

Index

Entries are by paragraph number.

cooperation, 3-19, 3-45, 4-1,

factors, 2-37−2-44

3-40, 4-5, 4-8, 4-9, 4-22, 4-31,

4-7, 5-27,

media, 2-45, 2-47

5-29, 5-39−5-40

operations, 3-39

networks, 4-20, 4-25, 5-43,

sector reform, 4-14

unrest, 2-42

well-being, 1-7, 1-34, 4-3, 4-7,

unemployment, 2-17, 2-35−2-36,

sexual,

4-12

exploitation, 2-39, 4-27−4-30,

unified action, 1-28, 1-34, 2-39,

violence, 1-4, 1-30, 1-32, 2-12,

stability tasks, 4-12−4-14

3-2, 3-13, 3-45, 4-5, 5-9

2-15, 2-39−2-41, 2-70, 3-12,

strategic logic, 1-32, 2-5, 2-65,

unit commanders, 3-13

3-47, 4-5, 4-9, 4-18−4-26,

2-68

unity of effort, 1-21, 1-28−1-29,

4-29−4-30

synchronization of

4-4

sexual and gender-based

information-related capabilities,

violence, 4-17

4-9−4-10

shaping, 3-3, 4-32

vulnerabilities, 1-32, 2-1−2-4, 2-7,

2-28, 2-34, 2-38, 2-65−2-67,

sharing findings, 5-54, 5-85−5-86

terrorism, 2-21, 2-67

2-70, 2-76−2-77, 3-15, 3-31,

situational understanding, 2-74,

3-40, 4-8, 4-20, 4-22, 4-31, 5-19

threats, 1-3−1-4, 1-7, 1-13, 1-32,

2-77, 2-81, 2-85, 4-6, 4-30,

2-1−2-3, 2-5−2-7, 2-14, 2-19,

4-32, 5-57, 5-69

2-34, 2-41, 2-65−2-67,

social, 1-32, 1-34, 2-2, 2-15, 2-18,

warfighting functions, 1-33, 3-28,

2-70−2-72, 2-75, 2-77, 2-80,

2-37, 2-58, 2-75, 4-19, 4-21,

3-30, 5-98

3-15, 3-17, 3-31−3-33, 3-36,

5-79

29 October 2015

ATP 3-07.6

Index-3

STP 33-37II-OFS

Officer Foundation Standards II

Psychological Operations (37A)

Officer’s Manual

2 July 2007

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Distribution authorized to U.S.

Government agencies and their contractors only to protect technical or

operational information from automatic dissemination under the

International Exchange Program or by other means. This determination

was made on 4 May 2007. Other requests for this document must be

referred to Commander, United States Army John F. Kennedy Special

Warfare Center and School, ATTN: AOJK-DTD-PO, Fort Bragg, North

Carolina 28310-9610.

DESTRUCTION NOTICE: Destroy by any method that will prevent

disclosure of contents or reconstruction of the document.

FOREIGN DISCLOSURE RESTRICTION (FD 6): This publication has

been reviewed by the product developers in coordination with the United

States Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School foreign

disclosure authority. This product is releasable to students from foreign

countries on a case-by-case basis only.

HEADQUARTERS

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

STP 33-37II-OFS

SOLDIER TRAINING

HEADQUARTERS

PUBLICATION

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

No. 33-37II-OFS

Washington, DC, 2 July 2007

Officer Foundation Standards II

Psychological Operations (37A)

Officer’s Manual

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

Preface

iii

Chapter 1. Introduction

1-1

1-1. General

1-1

1-2. Background

1-1

1-3. Professional Development

1-1

1-4. PSYOP Branch Application

1-1

Chapter 2. Trainer’s Guide

2-1

2-1. General

2-1

2-2. Subject Area Codes

2-2

2-3. Duty Position Training Requirements

2-2

2-4. Critical Tasks List

2-2

2-5. Critical Tasks by Phases of the PSYOP Process

2-4

Chapter 3. MOS/Skill Level Tasks

3-1

Skill Level 9

Subject Area 1: Staff Planning and Operations

331-37A-0308 Perform Psychological Operations Staff Officer Duties, Responsibilities,

and Functions

3-1

____________________

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government agencies and their

contractors only to protect technical or operational information from automatic dissemination under the

International Exchange Program or by other means. This determination was made on 4 May 2007. Other

requests for this document must be referred to Commander, United States Army John F. Kennedy

Special Warfare Center and School, ATTN: AOJK-DTD-PO, Fort Bragg, North Carolina 28310-9610.

DESTRUCTION NOTICE: Destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or

reconstruction of the document.

FOREIGN DISCLOSURE RESTRICTION (FD 6): This publication has been reviewed by the product

developers in coordination with the United States Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and

School foreign disclosure authority. This product is releasable to students from foreign countries on a

case-by-case basis only.

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

Table of Contents

331-37A-0338

Prepare a Psychological Operations Estimate

3-3

331-37A-0339

Prepare Tab D (Psychological Operations) to Appendix 3

(Information Operations) to Annex C (Operations) of an

Operation Plan/Operations Order

3-6

331-37A-0340

Prepare Appendix 2 (Psychological Operations) to

Annex P (Information Operations) to an Operation Order

3-11

331-37A-0341

Employ a Tactical Psychological Operations Detachment

3-14

331-37A-0342

Employ a Tactical Psychological Operations Development Detachment... 3-16

331-37A-0343

Employ a Psychological Operations Support Element

3-18

331-37A-0350

Integrate Psychological Operations into the Supported Unit’s

Military Decision Making Process

3-20

331-37A-0351

Develop Psychological Operations Targeting Objectives

3-25

331-37A-0353

Integrate Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield into

Psychological Operations

3-26

331-37A-0344

Plan Psychological Operations Actions

3-28

331-37A-0354

Coordinate Approved Psychological Operations Actions

3-30

Subject Area 2: Psychological Operations

331-37A-0472

Supervise Target Audience Analysis

3-31

331-37A-0445

Develop Psychological Operations Objectives

3-34

331-37A-0446

Develop Supporting Psychological Operations Objectives

3-35

331-37A-0447

Submit a Psychological Operations Program for Approval

3-36

331-37A-0449

Supervise Psychological Operations Series Development

3-38

331-37A-0476

Supervise the Development and Design of Products and

Actions for a Psychological Operations Series

3-40

331-37A-0477

Submit a Psychological Operations Series for Approval

3-42

331-37A-0490

Evaluate the Effectiveness of a PSYOP Series

3-44

Appendix A

A-1

Appendix B

B-1

Glossary

Glossary-1

References

References-1

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

PREFACE

The Psychological Operations Mission. The mission of Psychological Operations is to influence the

behavior of foreign target audiences (TAs) to support United States (U.S.) national objectives.

Psychological Operations (PSYOP) are planned operations to convey selected information and indicators

to foreign audiences to influence the emotions, motives, objective reasoning, and ultimately the behavior

of foreign governments, organizations, groups, and individuals (JP 3-53, Joint Doctrine for Joint

Psychological Operations).

Behavioral change is at the root of the PSYOP mission. Although concerned with the mental process of

foreign TAs, it is the observable modification of foreign TA behavior that determines the mission success

of PSYOP. It is this link between influence and behavior that distinguished PSYOP from other capabilities

and activities of information operations (IO) and related components such as public affairs.

Army PSYOP is the preeminent IO core capability and the U.S. military’s primary vehicle for

communicating U.S. themes and messages to foreign TAs and influencing their behavior. As a core

capability of IO, PSYOP supports U.S. public diplomacy, public affairs, interagency communications, as

well as unit commanders. Both science and art, PSYOP are inherently effects based and frequently

require joint and interagency coordination. PSYOP help shape the physical, informational, and

psychological dimensions of the battlefield and provide a nonlethal capability across the range of military

operations. As information delivered for effect during peacetime and conflict, PSYOP inform and

influence. When properly employed PSYOP saves lives of friendly and adversary forces, as well as

noncombatants.

The Required Characteristics of a PSYOP Officer. Successful PSYOP officers are students of

influence and human interaction. They employ sophisticated methods to influence often contrary or

hostile individuals/groups of people to adopt behaviors favorable to U.S. interests. PSYOP officers are

cross-cultural communications experts that are regionally trained and possess a foreign language

capability sustained by self-study after initial training. In addition, PSYOP officers possess a rare

combination of qualities; exceptional interpersonal skills, personal lethality (warrior ethos), adaptive

thinking, leadership, and technical proficiency. PSYOP officers are extremely flexible and adaptable, are

able to survive and succeed in remote and diverse environments, austere locations, and under

unstructured or hostile conditions. They are self-reliant and able to make independent decisions based

upon the supported commander’s intent with little or no immediate supervision. PSYOP officers are

leaders proficient in operating as integrated members of combined arms teams, with joint, interagency,

intergovernmental, and multinational units as well as in support of special operations forces (SOF).

PSYOP leaders are self-aware, comfortable with ambiguity, and routinely anticipate second and third

order effects of planned activities. PSYOP officers must have the ability to recommend/enact solutions to

complex political-military problems while employing a mix of conventional and/or unconventional solutions

for which no doctrinal methods or tactics/techniques/procedures may exist.

While many broad-based undergraduate programs can provide PSYOP officers with the educational

foundations and tools to be successful in influencing behavior, Figure P-1, page iv, is a list of academic

disciplines most useful to the preparation of a PSYOP officer at the under-graduate or graduate level.

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

iii

Preface

Psychology

Sociology

Communication

Anthropology

Social Neuroscience

International Relations

Organizational Behavior

Political Science

Marketing

Economic/Political Geography

Education

National Security Affairs

Advertising

Public Relations

Broadcasting

Journalism Writing/Editing

Television/Motion Picture Production

Figure P-1. Useful academic disciplines

The Role of the PSYOP Officer. PSYOP covers a wide variety of functions in the Army. A PSYOP officer

plans and directs operations to convey selected information and indicators to foreign audiences, with the

goal of changing their behavior to better align with U.S. policies. PSYOP officers assess TAs; develop

PSYOP plans, programs, and products; coordinate for the dissemination of PSYOP products; and

synchronize PSYOP activities into strategic, operational, and tactical peacetime and combat operations.

PSYOP officers maintain critical knowledge associated with a specific region of the world to include

foreign language expertise, political-military awareness, and cross-cultural communications.

The Skills and Knowledge of the PSYOP Officer. PSYOP officers have an in-depth knowledge of social

and behavioral psychology, and the science of persuasion and influence. They possess the ability to

interact with host nation (HN)/local national military and civilian officials, the general population,

detainees, enemy prisoners of war (EPWs), displaced civilians (DCs), and internees. PSYOP officers

possess a working knowledge of the political and cultural trends and attitudes in a variety of foreign

countries. PSYOP officers have a practical understanding of individual and group psychological dynamics

that expose information voids in foreign populations. He also has expertise in executing PSYOP activities

meant to create favorable results for the supported unit or organization. PSYOP officers are familiar with

unique equipment that ensures messages are developed, produced, and disseminated at the right time

and place to effectively reach and change the behavior of the TA.

PSYOP officers are mature professionals. They work at the highest levels of command organizations on

sensitive issues, often briefing and advising strategic and operational commanders, and senior U.S. or

foreign government officials.

This publication supports the Army’s officer foundation standards (OFS) system of training. It provides

PSYOP company and field grade officers the training and knowledge necessary to perform their duties.

Specifically, it includes—

• Critical branch tasks with standardized task summaries that the PSYOP company and field grade

officer must perform proficiently.

• Tasks that are first trained in the PSYOP Officers Qualification Course (POQC).

• A bibliography of selected branch reading materials and other related information.

All tasks in this manual are PSYOP-specific tasks. Officers will use this manual as a training instrument

and a self-evaluation tool. Commanders will use this manual to formulate professional development

programs for company grade officers on the basis of the unit critical mission-essential task list (METL).

Officers should attain a high level of proficiency in performing the tasks described in this publication.

Mastery of these tasks will lead to successful mission accomplishment.

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

Preface

Appendix A provides a summary of duty positions and related training resources. Appendix B contains a

branch reading list. Information that officers gain from the reading list will broaden their horizons and give

them deeper insight to, understanding of, and appreciation for their leadership roles as Army officers.

To reduce safety hazards during training, trainers must identify and assess risks associated with the

missions as outlined in Field Manual (FM) 7-0, Training the Force.

This publication applies to the Active Army, the Army National Guard/Army National Guard of the United

States, and the United States Army Reserve unless otherwise stated.

The proponent for this publication is the United States Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center

and School (USAJFKSWCS). Send comments and recommendations on Department of the Army (DA)

Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms) directly to Commander,

USAJFKSWCS, ATTN: AOJK-DT-PO, Fort Bragg, NC 28310-5000.

Unless this publication states otherwise, masculine nouns and pronouns do not refer exclusively to men.

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

CHAPTER 1

Introduction

1-1. General. This manual is the first OFS for PSYOP. It is specifically designed to support the

establishment of the PSYOP branch. This OFS identifies the individual requirements for company grade

officers serving as 37As in the PSYOP branch. The OFS describes operations-based individual tasks

required of all PSYOP officers at the detachment/company level. For the new PSYOP captain, this

manual serves as the primary reference and base document to support further self-development and

sustain career progression in the PSYOP branch. In addition, this OFS provides former PSYOP career

field designated majors and lieutenant colonels, previously assigned to PSYOP positions, with a standard

reference of critical tasks for all Branch 37 officers.

1-2. Background. Officer foundation standards are the Army’s primary standards for integrating the

officer leader development efforts of school commandants, commanders, and individual officers. The goal

of the system is to provide the Army with officers ready to accomplish their branch specific individual and

collective tasks across the range of military operations and prepare them for promotion.

a. The Army school system, the unit commander, and the individual officer share leader

development responsibilities under the OFS. School system personnel must identify tasks that officers

are to perform at a particular level. They must clearly articulate these specific branch requirements to train

the officers and/or provide training material that will enable them to perform their duties. Unit commanders

must provide an environment in which officers can refine their skills and grow professionally.

Commanders use the mission METLs of their units to focus his/her leader development programs. The

individual officer, however, is ultimately responsible for their own professional development.

b. The OFS system uses manuals to convey its training strategy. These manuals include relevant

information formatted into tasks with battle-focused conditions, standards, and performance measures.

The manuals also prescribe educational requirements to improve cognitive skills.

c. The captain tasks in this OFS branch manual have been derived through the systems approach

to training (SAT). The SAT requires USAJFKSWCS instructors and PSYOP subject matter experts to

follow the analysis process that identifies individual officer tasks for a particular job or position.

1-3. Professional Development. The OFS tasks to be trained and sustained in the unit form the basis of

the unit officer leader development program. Each unit leader development program should incorporate

the enclosed OFS reading program—a part of the professional military education component. This list is

provided as a guideline of foundations readings and is not intended to be all inclusive. The reading

program supports individual intellectual growth by fostering an interest in reading about military-related

topics and by encouraging officers to exchange ideas on ethical and historical issues. Branch-specific

publications address topics of unique interest to a particular branch.

1-4. PSYOP Branch Application. This manual describes the critical tasks which all captains must

master. It has been designed to support and complement resident instruction received in the POQC.

Since all PSYOP units can directly support conventional forces throughout the range of military

operations, each PSYOP officer must retain the company-level conventional skills developed in his

accession branch.

As some PSYOP units are regionally oriented, the specific operational focus of the assigned unit may

vary, and therefore the application of the OFS must be relevant to the area of operations in which PSYOP

will be executed. The reader must be ready to adapt the critical tasks outlined in the OFS to the METL

and/or commander's intent of the support unit/activity. The trainer must be ready to help junior officers

articulate and prepare to creatively apply OFS standards to whatever operational environment the

PSYOP officer may be facing. This includes PSYOP support to conventional units, Army Special

Operations Forces (ARSOF) units, special mission units, joint headquarters, and other government

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

1-1

CHAPTER 2

Trainer’s Guide

2-1. General. The military occupational specialty (MOS) training plan (MTP) identifies the essential

components of a unit training plan for individual training. Units have different training needs and

requirements based on differences in environment, location, equipment, dispersion, and similar factors.

Therefore, the MTP should be used as a guide for conducting unit training and not a rigid standard. The

MTP consists of two parts. Each part is designed to assist the commander in preparing a unit training

plan which satisfies integration, cross training, training up, and sustainment training requirements for

Soldiers in this MOS.

Part One of the MTP shows the relationship of an MOS skill level between duty position and

critical tasks. These critical tasks are grouped by task commonality into subject areas.

(1)

Section I lists subject area numbers and titles used throughout the MTP. These subject

areas are used to define the training requirements for each duty position within an MOS.

(2)

Section II identifies the total training requirement for each duty position within an MOS

and provides a recommendation for cross training and train-up/merger training.

• Duty Position Column. This column lists the duty positions of the MOS, by skill

level, which have different training requirements.

• Subject Area Column. This column lists, by numerical key (see Section I), the

subject areas a Soldier must be proficient in to perform in that duty position.

• Cross Train Column. This column lists the recommended duty position for which

Soldiers should be cross trained.

• Train-up/Merger Column. This column lists the corresponding duty position for the

next-higher skill level or military occupational specialty code (MOSC) the Soldier will

merge into on promotion.

Part Two lists, by general subject areas, the critical tasks to be trained in an MOS and the type

of training required (resident, integration, or sustainment).

• Subject Area Column. This column lists the subject area number and title in the same

order as Section I, Part One of the MTP.

• Task Number Column. This column lists the task numbers for all tasks included in the

subject area.

• Title Column. This column lists the task title for each task in the subject area.

• Training Location Column. This column identifies the training location where the task is

first trained to Soldier training publications standards. If the task is first trained to standard

in the unit, the word “Unit” will be in this column. If the task is first trained to standard in the

training base, it will identify, by brevity code (ANCOC, BNCOC, and so on), the resident

course where the task was taught. Figure 2-1, page 2-2, contains a list of training locations

and their corresponding brevity codes.

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

2-1

Chapter 2

PSYOP Officers Qualification Course

Figure 2-1. Training Hierarchy

• Sustainment Training Frequency Column. This column indicates the recommended

frequency at which the tasks should be trained to ensure Soldiers maintain task proficiency.

Figure 2-2 identifies the frequency codes used in this column.

BA - Biannually

AN - Annually

SA - Semiannually

QT - Quarterly

MO - Monthly

BW - Biweekly

WK - Weekly

Figure 2-2. Sustainment Training Frequency Codes

• Sustainment Training Skill Level Column. This column lists the skill levels of the MOS

for which Soldiers must receive sustainment training to ensure they maintain proficiency to

Soldier’s manual standards.

2-2. Subject Area Codes.

Skill Level 9

Subject Area 1: Staff Planning and Operations

Subject Area 2: Psychological Operations

2-3. Duty Position Training Requirements.

2-4. Critical Tasks List.

MOS TRAINING PLAN

37A II

CRITICAL TASKS

Task Number

Title

Training

Sustainment

Location

Training

Training Skill

Frequency

Level

Skill Level 9

Subject Area 1: Staff Planning and Operations

331-37A-0308

Perform Psychological Operations Staff

POQC

03/04

Officer Duties, Responsibilities, and

Functions

331-37A-0338

Prepare a Psychological Operations

POQC

03/04

Estimate

331-37A-0339

Prepare Tab D (Psychological

POQC

03/04

Operations) to Appendix 3 (Information

Operations) to Annex C (Operations) of

an Operation Plan/Operation Order

2-2

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

Trainer’s Guide

CRITICAL TASKS

Task Number

Title

Training

Sustainment

Location

Training

Training Skill

Frequency

Level

331-37A-0340

Prepare Appendix 2 (Psychological

POQC

03/04

Operations) to Annex P (Information

Operations) to an Operation Order

331-37A-0341

Employ a Tactical Psychological

POQC

03/04

Operations Detachment

331-37A-0342

Employ a Tactical Psychological

POQC

03/04

Operations Development Detachment

331-37A-0343

Employ a Psychological Operations

POQC

03/04

Support Element

331-37A-0350

Integrate Psychological Operations into

POQC

03/04

the Supported Unit’s Military Decision

Making Process

331-37A-0351

Develop Psychological Operations

POQC

03/04

Targeting Objectives

331-37A-0353

Integrate Intelligence Preparation of the

POQC

03/04

Battlefield into Psychological Operations

331-37A-0344

Plan Psychological Operations Actions

POQC

03/04

331-37A-0354

Coordinate Approved Psychological

POQC

03/04

Operations Actions

Subject Area 2: Psychological Operations

331-37A-0472

Supervise Target Audience Analysis

POQC

03/04

331-37A-0445

Develop Psychological Operations

POQC

03/04

Objectives

331-37A-0446

Develop Supporting Psychological

POQC

03/04

Operations Objectives

331-37A-0447

Submit a Psychological Operations

POQC

03/04

Program for Approval

331-37A-0449

Supervise Psychological Operations

POQC

03/04

Series Development

331-37A-0476

Supervise the Development and Design

POQC

03/04

of Products and Actions for a

Psychological Operations Series

331-37A-0477

Submit a Psychological Operations Series

POQC

03/04

for Approval

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

2-3

Chapter 2

CRITIAL TASKS

Task Number

Title

Training

Sustainment

Location

Training

Training Skill

Frequency

Level

331-37A-0490

Evaluate the Effectiveness of a PSYOP

POQC

03/04

Series

2-5. Critical Tasks by Phases of the PSYOP Process.

Phase I: Planning

331-37A-0308 Perform Psychological Operations Staff Officer Duties, Responsibilities, and

Functions

331-37A-0338 Prepare a Psychological Operations Estimate

331-37A-0339 Prepare Tab D (Psychological Operations) to Appendix 3 (Information

Operations) to Annex C (Operations) of an Operation Plan/Operation Order

331-37A-0340

Prepare Appendix 2 (Psychological Operations) to Annex P (Information

Operations) to an Operation Order

331-37A-0350 Integrate Psychological Operations into the Supported Unit’s Military

Decision Making Process

331-37A-0351 Develop Psychological Operations Targeting Objectives

331-37A-0353 Integrate Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield into Psychological

Operations

331-37A-0445 Develop Psychological Operations Objectives

331-37A-0446 Develop Supporting Psychological Operations Objectives

331-37A-0447 Submit a Psychological Operations Program for Approval

Phase II: Target Audience Analysis

331-37A-0472 Supervise Target Audience Analysis

Phase III: Series Development

331-37A-0449 Supervise Psychological Operations Series Development

Phase IV: Product Development and Design

331-37A-0476 Supervise the Development and Design of Products and Actions for a

Psychological Operations Series

331-37A-0344 Plan Psychological Operations Actions

Phase V: Approval

331-37A-0354 Coordinate Approved Psychological Operations Actions

Phase VI: Production, Distribution, and Dissemination

331-37A-0477 Submit a Psychological Operations Series for Approval

Phase VII: Evaluation

331-37A-0490 Evaluate the Effectiveness of a PSYOP Series

Other:

331-37A-0341 Employ a Tactical Psychological Operations Detachment

331-37A-0342 Employ a Tactical Psychological Operations Development Detachment

331-37A-0343 Employ a Psychological Operations Support Element

2-4

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

CHAPTER 3

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

Skill Level 9

Subject Area 1: Staff Planning and Operations

Perform Psychological Operations Staff Officer

Duties, Responsibilities, and Functions

331-37A-0308

Conditions: Given a requirement to perform the basic duties of a PSYOP officer to a supported unit staff.

Standards: Plan and coordinate PSYOP for the supported unit; integrate with other staff elements;

perform staff and liaison responsibilities and functions; advise the commander and staff on the

capabilities, limitations, and employment of PSYOP forces; assess PSYOP training requirements for the

supported staff.

Performance Steps

Perform the major duties of a PSYOP officer in support of the unit staff.

a. Discuss planning considerations.

b. Establish lines of coordination.

c. Identify targeting considerations.

d. Advise the commander on PSYOP enablers in support of mission objectives.

e. Identify training considerations.

Perform PSYOP officer responsibilities and functions in support of the unit staff.

a. Apply special operations imperatives in PSYOP mission planning and execution.

b. Assist and make recommendations to the commander and staff on PSYOP matters and

requirements.

c. Conduct mission analysis and the PSYOP portion of the intelligence preparation of the battlefield

(IPB).

d. Advise the commander and unit staff on the psychological impact of operations other than

PSYOP.

e. Prepare the appropriate PSYOP portions of the contingency plan (CONPLAN), operation plan

(OPLAN), and operation order (OPORD).

Coordinate with supporting PSYOP units.

Recommend PSYOP information requirements to the J-2/G-2 and the J-3/G-3.

Nominate targets for lethal and nonlethal fires.

Recommend psychological actions (PSYACT) and agents of action to achieve a Psychological

Operations objective (PO).

Recommend refinements and updates to the POs and the supporting Psychological Operations

objectives (SPOs) during planning. (This is done when the supported unit is the highest element

in the mission, otherwise this will come from higher headquarters [HQ].)

k. Integrate directly with the J-3/G-3 or J-7/G-7 staff and ensure PSYOP inclusion and integration.

Maintain communications with the PSYOP task force HQ.

m. Review the CONPLAN/OPLAN and participate in the deliberate and crisis action planning.

n. With the J-2/G-2 of the unit, evaluate the effectiveness of PSYOP on the target audiences (TAs).

Perform liaison officer functions (as applicable).

a. Monitor.

b. Advise.

c. Coordinate.

d. Assist.

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-1

Chapter 3

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

Discussed planning considerations.

——

Established lines of coordination.

——

Advised the commander on the PSYOP enablers in

support of the mission objectives.

——

Identified PSYOP training needs of the supported staff.

——

Identified PSYOP staff officer responsibilities in accordance

with (IAW) FM 3-05.301, Psychological Operations Tactics,

Techniques, and Procedures.

——

Identified liaison functions IAW FM 3-05.301.

——

Identified recommendations for PSYOP matters and

requirements to the commander and staff.

——

Conducted mission analysis and the PSYOP portion of

the IPB.

——

Prepared the PSYOP portions of the CONPLAN,

OPLAN, and OPORD.

——

10.

Coordinated with supporting PSYOP units.

——

11.

Recommended PSYOP information requirements to the

J-2/G-2 and J-3/G-3.

——

12.

Nominated targets for lethal and nonlethal fires.

——

13.

Recommended PSYACT and agents of action to

achieve a PO.

——

14.

Recommended refinements and updated POs and

SPOs during planning, if applicable.

——

15.

Integrated directly with the J-3/G-3 or J-7/G-7 staff

and ensured PSYOP inclusion and integration.

——

16.

Maintained communications with the PSYOP task force HQ.

——

17.

Reviewed the CONPLAN/OPLAN and participated in

the deliberate and crisis action planning.

——

18.

Evaluated effectiveness of PSYOP on the TAs

in coordination with the J-2/G-2 of the supported unit.

——

19.

Performed liaison officer functions (as applicable).

——

Evaluation Guidance: Score the officer GO if all performance measures are passed. Score the officer

NO-GO if any performance measure is failed. If the officer scores NO-GO, show the officer what was

done wrong and how to do it correctly.

References

Required

FM 3-05.301

FM 3-13

FM 5-0

FM 6-0

JP 3-0

JP 3-53

JP 5-0

3-2

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

Prepare a Psychological Operations Estimate

331-37A-0338

Conditions: Given the requirement to conduct the military decision making process (MDMP) with the

supported maneuver unit, the higher-headquarters’ (HQ) orders, access to classified and unclassified

digital information systems and area studies.

Standards: Prepare a PSYOP estimate, address all specified/implied tasks, and submit recommenda-

tions and conclusions to the appropriate unit staff, agency, or organization.

Performance Steps

1. List references: maps, charts, and other relevant documents (military capability study, special

Psychological Operations [PSYOP] studies [SPSs], special Psychological Operations [PSYOP]

assessments [SPAs], and intelligence estimates).

2. Write the mission paragraph.

a. List the supported unit’s restated mission resulting from the mission analysis.

b. Write the PSYOP mission statement (who, what, where, when, why).

3. Write the situation and consideration paragraph.

a. List the characteristics of the area of operations (AO).

(1) Weather. Describe how the weather will affect the dissemination of PSYOP products and

access to the target audiences (TAs).

(2) Terrain. Describe how the terrain affects the dissemination of PSYOP products and

movement of tactical PSYOP elements.

(3) Analysis of media infrastructure.

(a) Describe the location (by grid coordinate) and broadcast range (radius, diameter,

direction, and distance) of radio and television (TV) facilities, retransmission towers, print

facilities, and distribution and dissemination nodes.

(b) Identify denied areas (not accessible by particular medium).

b. Identify key target sets.

Note. These sets will be further refined into a potential target audience list (PTAL). The potential target

audiences (PTAs) will then be analyzed and further refined during the target audience analysis (TAA)

process.

(1) Hostile target sets. For each hostile target set, identify strength, disposition, composition,

capability (ability to conduct propaganda, ability to help or hinder the PSYOP effort), and

probable courses of action (COAs) as they relate to PSYOP.

(2) Friendly target sets. For each friendly target set, identify strength, disposition, composition,

capability (ability to conduct propaganda, ability to help or hinder the PSYOP effort), and

probable COAs as they relate to PSYOP.

(3) Neutral target sets. For each neutral target set, identify strength, disposition, composition,

capability (ability to conduct propaganda, ability to help or hinder the PSYOP effort), and

probable COAs as they relate to PSYOP.

c. Identify friendly forces.

(1) Supported unit’s COA. State the COAs under consideration and the PSYOP-specific

requirements needed to support each COA.

(2) Current status of organic personnel and resources. State availability of organic personnel and

resources needed to support each COA under consideration. Consider PSYOP specific

personnel, low-density military occupational specialties (MOSs), and availability of PSYOP-

specific equipment.

(3) Current status of nonorganic personnel and resources. State availability of nonorganic

resources needed to support each COA. Consider linguistic support, COMMANDO SOLO,

leaflet-dropping aircraft, other PSYOP forces, and host-nation radio/TV/print/capabilities/

personnel.

(4) Comparison of requirements versus capabilities and recommended solutions. Compare

PSYOP requirements for each COA with current PSYOP capabilities. List the recommended

solutions for any shortfall in capabilities.

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-3

Chapter 3

d. Assumptions. State assumption about the PSYOP situation regardless of the COA. (For example,

Assumption: Enemy propaganda broadcast facilities will be destroyed by friendly forces not later

than [NLT] D+2.)

4. Conduct COA analysis.

a. List evaluation criteria determined by staff for COA supportability to be used in COA analysis and

comparison.

b. Analyze each COA from the PSYOP point of view to determine its advantages and disadvantages

for conducting supporting PSYOP activities.

Note. Throughout the analysis, the PSYOP officer/noncommissioned officer (NCO) must keep PSYOP

considerations foremost in his mind. The analysis is not intended to produce a decision but to ensure that

all applicable PSYOP factors have been considered and that they form the basis for steps 5 and 6.

5. Compare COAs.

a. Compare the proposed COAs to determine the one that offers the best chance of success from

the PSYOP point of view. List the advantages and disadvantages of each COA affecting PSYOP.

A decision matrix visually supports a comparison.

b. Develop and compare methods of overcoming disadvantages, if any, in each COA.

c. State a general conclusion on the COA that offers the best chance of success for PSYOP.

6. Finalize the PSYOP estimate.

7. Submit recommendations and conclusions to the appropriate unit staff, agency, or organization.

a. Recommend COA based on comparison (most supportable from the PSYOP perspective).

b. Rank COAs from best to worst.

c. List issues, deficiencies, and risk for each COA, with recommendations to reduce their impact.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

1. Listed references.

——

2. Wrote the mission paragraph.

——

3. Wrote the situation and consideration paragraph.

——

a. Listed the characteristics of the AO.

b. Identified key target sets.

c. Identified friendly forces.

d. Stated assumption about the PSYOP situation

regardless of the COA.

4. Conducted COA analysis.

——

5. Compared the COAs.

——

a. Listed the advantages and disadvantages

of each COA affecting PSYOP.

b. Developed and compared methods of overcoming

disadvantages.

c. Stated a general conclusion on the COA that offers

the best chance of success for PSYOP.

6. Finalized the PSYOP estimate.

——

7. Submitted recommendations and conclusions to the

appropriate unit staff, agency, or organization.

——

Evaluation Guidance: Score the officer GO if all performance measures are passed. Score the officer

NO-GO if any performance measure is failed. If the officer scores NO-GO, show the officer what was

done wrong and how to do it correctly.

3-4

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

Chapter 3

Prepare Tab D (Psychological Operations) to Appendix 3 (Information Operations)

to Annex C (Operations) of an Operation Plan/Operation Order

331-37A-0339

Conditions: Supporting the development of a joint plan or order, having conducted deliberate or crisis

action planning, given the supported commander’s operation plan (OPLAN)/operation order (OPORD),

the PSYOP estimate, current intelligence, the OPORD format, and access to classified and unclassified

digital information systems and area studies.

Standards: Write the PSYOP tab to the supported unit OPORD, support unit’s mission in accordance

with (IAW) the commander’s guidance within the time constraints of the planning directive.

Performance Steps

1. List references: plans, estimates, special Psychological Operations (PSYOP) studies (SPS), media

production mobilization plans, combined military PSYOP committee agreements, peacetime PSYOP

programs, relevant messages, orders, and other documents that have a significant bearing on the

conduct of PSYOP.

2. Write the situation paragraph to include:

a. Overview. Describe the general situation, competing goals, and the task to be accomplished

(often the overview is a brief description of PSYOP support and employment with regard to the

supported commander and his mission and tasks).

b. United States (U.S.) (or U.S. and Allied) Perspective (if applicable). Outline intentions (how the

task will be accomplished), capabilities (resources to be used), and activities (current actions) and

general phasing of future actions.

Note. Sometimes the information that is asked for here is written in paragraph 3 (Execution), of the

Concept of Operations. Another heading often used for paragraph 3 is Friendly, which gives information

on friendly forces that may directly affect the action of subordinate commanders.

Neutral Perspective (if applicable).

(1) Outline estimated neutral intentions under various circumstances, the resources available to

neutrals, and their activities. State neutral actions and behavior that would favor mission

accomplishment.

(2) Explain how neutrality plays a part in the overall geographic combatant commander’s or joint

force commander’s (JFC) objectives and how opponents may try to exploit the issue of

neutrality.

Enemy Perspectives.

(1) Describe the environment and negative messages that the deployed geographic combatant

commander’s or JFC’s forces are likely to encounter upon entering the area of operations

(AO).

(2) Identify groups that can influence and interfere with plans, operations, and actions.

(3) Identify opponent psychological vulnerabilities and susceptibilities to the geographic

combatant commander or JFC’s PSYOP.

(4) Identify opponent propaganda strengths and weaknesses in all phases of the plan.

(5) Describe apparent goals, motivations, and characteristics of various opponent groups and the

leaders who can influence them to behave in ways unfavorable to the geographic combatant

commander’s or JFC’s objectives.

(6) Describe the effects of adversary propaganda on local and regional audiences.

(7) List expected opponent themes and objectives. Identify opponent centers of gravity for all

levels of war.

(8) Indicate the need for enemy prisoners for war (EPWs)/dislocated personnel to be interviewed

for PSYOP-relevant information, and for that information to be analyzed to determine

vulnerabilities for exploitation. Under enemy perspectives, the following subparagraphs are

listed; use as applicable.

(a) Decision Maker and Staff.

I. Identify the decision makers that can direct development or allocation of resources of

course of action (COA) execution pertinent to the task assigned.

3-6

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

II. Outline feasible, alternative actions that would favor or harm friendly operational

effectiveness.

III. Describe the characteristics of enemy decision makers, their key advisors, and staff

(particularly intelligence analysts).

(b) Intelligence Systems.

Identify intelligence systems that support decision makers and their staffs, and

intelligence system capabilities pertinent to the situation.

II. Describe objective and subjective factors and the characteristics of collection

planners and decision makers that affect development and selection for use of

information-gathering resources.

(9) Target Audiences (TAs). Although TAs are subparagraphed under enemy perspectives, it is

allowable for TAs (themes and objectives included) to be listed separately as exhibits to the

tab.

(10) Command Systems (if applicable).

(a) Describe opponent communication systems and command centers used to plan COA,

and control, coordinate, and supervise execution of the planned COA.

(b) State targets for jamming or attacking. Indicate when to execute operations to demoralize

and disorganize opposing commands, reduce opposing operational effectiveness,

enhance the effectiveness of planned deceptions and PSYOP, and support operations

security (OPSEC) to maximum advantage. (Quite often the above is written for

compartmented operations, and the appendixes that are written to support such

operations are listed separately and not contained in the basic plan.)

Write the mission paragraph. The PSYOP mission statement is written in conjunction with the

geographic combatant commander’s or JFC’s mission statement.

Write the concept of operations.

Overview. Outline the overall concept for employing PSYOP in support of task accomplishment

by phase. If the geographic combatant commander’s campaign plan states a prehostilities phase,

address strategic psychological actions (PSYACT) in support of flexible deterrent options (FDOs).

(1) For each phase of the plan, address the level of PSYOP support that is being provided, when

and where it is arriving, and whom it is supporting.

(2) Explain what tasks and Psychological Operations objectives (POs) are being carried out in

support of components per phase and what equipment is being used and by whom.

(3) Denote PSYOP locations and linkup of tactical forces with maneuver units.

(4) Explain the general actions taken to facilitate product development and dissemination in

conjunction with host-nation (HN) assets and sister service facilities.

(5) Recommend which PSYOP programs will be initiated by phase.

Provide the following as general guidance to units and forces involved, by phase if applicable:

(1) Approve PSYOP themes and objectives to be promoted and themes to be avoided and

discouraged.

(2) Description of the cultural and psychological characteristics of the potential target audience

(PTA) to aid operational planners and personnel in selecting COAs and interacting with TA

members.

(3) Description of propaganda (including disinformation) directed at U.S. personnel and at foreign

groups in the area of operations (AO) and guidance for countering such operations.

Monitor the situation.

(1) Describe how intelligence, multidiscipline counterintelligence, security monitoring, and

operational feedback will be provided.

(2) State requirement for running situation estimates; periodic estimates of target appreciations

responsive to critical information, actions, and attitudes and behavior; and current reporting of

intelligence and multidiscipline counterintelligence information, security monitoring results,

and implementing actions.

(3) Identify resources required and their availability.

Control. List coordinating instructions pertaining to two or more elements of the task organization.

(1) Outline coordination with adjacent commands and civilian agencies, U.S. diplomatic

missions, and the Bureau of International Information Programs (IIPs).

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-7

Chapter 3

(2) Address information coordinating committees (ICCs), coordination with information

operations (IO) teams, and designated coordinating authority, if applicable. If coordinating

with personnel centers and joint interrogation and debriefing centers performing interrogation,

address coordination procedures with them.

(3) Address direct liaison and coordination issues among components and subordinate and

supporting commands.

e. Tasks. Assign responsibilities to implement the concept. When multiple organizations are

involved, designate an executive agent to coordinate implementation, if applicable.

(1) Ensure tasks clearly establish responsibilities and provide for feedback about effectiveness.

Tasks to components in support of PSYOP often call for the coordination of component

aircraft, surface vessels, and submarines to distribute materials and to conduct radio and

television (TV) broadcasts.

(2) Provide for shipboard printing and photo facilities to print products as required, and call for

the integration of component air delivery systems into daily-integrated tasking orders to

support PSYOP missions.

Write the administration and logistics paragraph. Provide a statement of the administrative and

logistical arrangements applicable to PSYOP but not covered in the basic plan or another annex.

a. Administration. Addresses the following issues: financial, morale, welfare, medical, dental, postal,

legal, graves registration, and religious support, as necessary; identification of workspace as

necessary for PSYOP personnel attached to other components and organizations; rating chain

issues and clearance requirements; and coordination for the use of indigenous personnel,

facilities, or materials to support PSYOP.

b. Logistics. Address the following:

(1) Requisitions for standard (BA 5590, prescribed load list [PLL] for vehicles), and nonstandard

PSYOP supplies (family of loudspeakers [FOLS), Risograph parts and supplies), through

Army supply channels.

(2) Special operating funds.

(3) Coordination for logistical support for leaflet production, aerial delivery, and media

dissemination teams.

(4) Requests for maintenance support not available through military channels.

(5) Designated component or agency responsible for providing routine common-use logistical

support to the Psychological Operations task force (POTF) in-theater; provisions for living

space accommodations; contracting for special purchase of supplies, equipment, and the

hiring of local national personnel to support product development; and deployment into

theater with supplies for 30 days, water rations, and so on.

Write the command and control paragraph.

a. Command Relationships. Joint operations can have complex command relationships. Plans must

be specific concerning these arrangements, including shifts that may take place as the operation

progresses from one phase to the next. Command and support relationships for PSYOP

personnel fall into this paragraph.

b. State the PSYOP approval process and identify appropriate PSYOP product approval or

authorities (as applicable).

(1) State the applicable PSYOP approval authority for the development of all types of proposed

PSYOP products, actions, and programs.

(2) State the appropriate PSYOP dissemination authority for each type/classification of approved

PSYOP products.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

3-8

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

Performance Measures

NO-GO

Listed references.

——

a. Higher-headquarters’ plan.

b. PSYOP estimate.

c. Any message traffic that generated the planning effort.

Wrote the situation paragraph.

——

a. Described the general situation.

b. Described neutral perspectives.

c. Described enemy perspectives.

Wrote the mission paragraph using the restated

PSYOP mission statement from MDMP step 2.

——

Wrote the concept of the operation.

——

a. Addressed the level of PSYOP support.

b. Explained tasks and POs.

c. Denoted PSYOP locations and linkups.

d. Determined PSYOP programs by phase.

e. Provided valid PSYOP themes and objectives

to be avoided, discouraged, and stressed.

Provided description of the cultural and psychological

characteristics of the PTAs.

g. Provided description of propaganda directed at U.S.

personnel and foreign groups in the AO.

h. Described how intelligence, counterintelligence,

security monitoring, and operational feedback is provided.

Stated requirements for running situation estimates.

Identified resources and availability.

Listed coordinating instructions pertaining to two

or more elements of the task organization.

Outlined coordination with adjacent commands and

civilian agencies.

m. Outlined important information coordinated in committees.

n. Outlined coordination lines between supported command

and components and subordinate units.

o. Ensured tasks clearly establish responsibilities.

p. Provided for print production as required.

Wrote the administration and logistics paragraph.

——

a. Addressed financial, morale, welfare, medical, dental,

postal, legal, graves registration, and religious support.

b. Addressed coordination with supply and maintenance

representatives.

Wrote command and control paragraph.

——

a. Identified command relationships.

b. Stated PSYOP approval authority.

c. Stated PSYOP dissemination authority.

Evaluation Guidance: Score the officer GO if all performance measures are passed. Score the officer

NO-GO if any performance measure is failed. If the officer scores NO-GO, show the officer what was

done wrong and how to do it correctly.

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-9

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

Prepare Appendix 2 (Psychological Operations) to

Annex P (Information Operations) to an Operation Order

331-37A-0340

Conditions: Supporting the development of an Army plan or order, having conducted deliberate or crisis

action planning, given the supported commander’s operation plan (OPLAN)/operation order (OPORD),

the PSYOP estimate, current intelligence, the OPORD format, and access to classified and unclassified

digital information systems and area studies.

Standards: Write the PSYOP appendix to the supported unit’s OPORD, supporting the unit’s mission in

accordance with (IAW) with the commander’s guidance within the time constraints of the planning

directive.

Performance Steps

Write the situation paragraph to include:

a. Enemy.

(1) State enemy resources and elements, both combatant and noncombatant, available to

conduct propaganda, state past enemy propaganda efforts (who was targeted, using what

means, and their effectiveness).

(2) Identify enemy decision makers/key communicators.

(3) Identify the characteristics of enemy decision makers, their key advisors, and staff

(particularly intelligence analysts).

(4) Identify the enemy elements that affect counterpropaganda activities.

(5) Identify hostile resources and elements that conduct propaganda.

b. Friendly.

(1) Identify ongoing PSYOP programs (if any).

(2) Identify competing PSYOP goals in the area of operations (AO).

(3) Identify PSYOP tasks to be accomplished.

(4) Identify organizations that are not subordinate to this command and the PSYOP actions or

counterpropaganda tasks assigned to each.

c. Attachments and detachments.

(1) List assets attached or detached.

(2) List resources available from higher headquarters.

Write the mission paragraph. State the PSYOP concept of support (who, what, where, when, why).

Write the execution paragraph.

a. Scheme of support.

(1) State the PSYOP tasks.

(2) State the counterpropaganda concept of support.

(3) Identify the counterpropaganda activities occurring in each phase by element.

(4) Describe activity sequences in each phase, keyed to phase initiation and supported

operational events, and identify the time-phased guidance for accomplishing actions

implementing counterpropaganda at the tactical level.

b. Tasks to subordinate units.

(1) Ensure tasks clearly fix responsibilities and provide feedback on effectiveness of PSYOP

activities.

(2) Identify the command element responsible for coordinating counterpropaganda actions.

(3) Identify the counterpropaganda tasks assigned to each subordinate unit (to include

identification of vulnerabilities).

c. Coordinating instructions.

(1) Identify neutral actions/behaviors that favor mission accomplishment.

(2) Identify activities and resources available to these favorable neutral intentions.

(3) Identify the characteristics of decision makers and their key advisors, major staff planners,

staff factions (to include particularly influential individuals), and intelligence system analysts.

(4) Identify groups that can influence plans, decisions, and operational effectiveness in task

accomplishment.

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-11

Chapter 3

(5) Identify how susceptible these groups are to PSYOP.

(6) Identify the apparent goals, motivations, and characteristics of each group.

(7) Identify the leaders able to cause these groups to behave in various ways.

(8) Identify approved Psychological Operations objectives (POs), themes to stress, and themes

to avoid.

(9) Identify target audiences in the AO, to include key communicators.

(10) Identify relevant background information on target audience perspectives, vulnerabilities,

effectiveness, and susceptibility to friendly and enemy PSYOP.

(11) Identify military activities and actions conducted by subordinate units that support or facilitate

PSYOP efforts.

(12) Provide operation security (OPSEC) guidance on PSYOP sensitivity and employment.

(13) State classification authority for PSYOP tasks.

(14) Address mechanisms for coordinating PSYOP with attached PSYOP support elements and

assigned PSYOP staff.

(15) State procedures for coordinating fixed-wing, rotary-wing, unmanned aerial system (UAS),

and field artillery delivery of PSYOP products.

(16) State PSYOP-specific current intelligence requirements (or refer to the intelligence annex).

(17) State how intelligence, multidiscipline counterintelligence (CI), security monitoring, and

operational feedback will be provided.

(18) Identify coordination required with adjacent commands and civilian agencies.

(19) Identify the detailed requirements for coordinating among elements involved in

counterpropaganda.

(20) Identify, if any, the special security or handling requirements for counterpropaganda.

(21) State procedures for providing appropriate situational awareness updates to public affairs

personnel.

(22) Identify, if any, the operational reporting requirements necessary for effective monitoring of

counterpropaganda tasks.

Write the service support paragraph.

a. Identify resources required to conduct (plan, prepare, execute, and assess) PSYOP actions.

b. Identify logistic requirements. Include preparation, distribution, and stocking of PSYOP materials;

transport of PSYOP material and personnel to operational areas, and their basing and support

while conducting PSYOP; provisions for the supply and maintenance of United States (U.S.) and

host-nation PSYOP material; and fiscal and personnel matters.

c. Identify the provisions for control and maintenance of host-nation equipment and materials.

d. Identify the fiscal matters relating to special funds.

e. Identify the personnel matters relating to host-nation personnel.

Write the command and signal paragraph.

a. Command.

(1) Identify how control will be affected and implementation centrally coordinated.

(2) Explain command relationships between attached PSYOP forces, the Psychological

Operations task force (POTF) elements operating in the AO, the unit, and the supporting

POTF.

(3) Identify recognition and identification instructions.

(4) Identify the headquarters locations and movements.

(5) Identified the location of the headquarters (HQ) element and planned movements.

b. Signal.

(1) State the PSYOP approval and dissemination authority that has been delegated or retained

by higher headquarters.

(2) State the PSYOP approval authority the commander has delegated or specifically retained to

subordinate commanders for the development of proposed PSYOP products, actions, and

programs.

(3) State the PSYOP dissemination authority the commander has delegated to subordinate

commanders, or retained, for releasing and disseminating approved PSYOP products in their

respective AO.

3-12

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

(4) Identify the information system that will be used to control, coordinate, and supervise

execution of the approved operation.

(5) Identify and define PSYOP-related acronyms and abbreviations.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

Wrote the situation paragraph to include:

——

a. Enemy.

b. Friendly.

c. Attachments and detachments.

Wrote the mission paragraph to describe the PSYOP

concept of support (who, what, where, when, why).

——

Wrote the execution paragraph to include:

——

a. Scheme of support.

b. Tasks to subordinate units.

c. Coordinating instructions.

Wrote the service support paragraph to include:

——

a. Identified resources required to conduct (plan, prepare,

execute, and assess) PSYOP actions.

b. Identified logistic requirements to include preparation,

distribution, and stocking of PSYOP materials; transport

of PSYOP material and personnel to operational areas,

and their basing and support while conducting PSYOP;

provisions for the supply and maintenance of U.S. and

host-nation PSYOP material; and fiscal and personnel

matters.

c. Identified the provisions for control and maintenance of

host-nation equipment and materials.

d. Identify the fiscal matters relating to special funds.

e. Identified any personnel matters relating to host-nation

personnel.

Wrote the command and signal paragraph to include:

——

a. Command.

b. Signal.

Evaluation Guidance: Score the officer GO if all performance measures are passed. Score the officer

NO-GO if any performance measure is failed. If the officer scores NO-GO, show the officer what was

done wrong and how to do it correctly.

References

Required

FM 3-05.301

FM 2-0

FM 3-05.30

FM 5-0

JP 2-0

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-13

Chapter 3

Employ a Tactical Psychological Operations Detachment

331-37A-0341

Conditions: Given the requirement to employ a tactical Psychological Operations detachment (TPD) in

support of military operations, and next-higher headquarters Psychological Operations (PSYOP)

appendix/tab to the operation plan (OPLAN)/operation order (OPORD).

Standards: Employ TPD in support of the supported unit commander’s mission.

Performance Steps

1. Integrate with the supported unit.

a. Report to the G-3/S-3 and the supported unit’s PSYOP officer/noncommissioned officer (NCO).

b. Obtain a copy of the supported unit’s standing operating procedures (SOPs), including their battle

drills.

c. Brief capabilities and limitations to the supported unit commander and staff.

2. Conduct military decision making procedures (MDMP) as part of the supported unit’s staff.

a. Develop a PSYOP intelligence collection plan.

b. Produce a PSYOP appendix to the Information Operations (IO) annex to the supported unit’s

OPORD.

3. Conduct support coordination.

a. Logistical support.

(1) Maintenance.

(2) Interpreters.

(3) Special operations forces (SOF) specific (if applicable) (for example, loudspeaker, Multiband

Intra-Team Radio [MBITR], and so on).

(4) Army common (for example, vehicle parts, batteries, intravenous [IV] bags, and so on).

b. Communication support.

c. Intelligence support.

4. Integrate interpreters into detachment.

5. Ensure tactical Psychological Operations teams (TPTs) conduct team drills in accordance with (IAW)

the unit tactical standing operating procedures (TACSOP).

6. Attach TPTs to maneuver units IAW PSYOP appendix task organization paragraph.

7. Participate in unit rehearsals.

8. Monitor TPTs actions and report to the supported unit and higher-PSYOP units.

9. Produce changes to appendix as needed.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

1. Integrated with the supported unit.

——

a. Reported to G-3/S-3 and the supported unit’s PSYOP

officer/NCO.

b. Obtained copies of the supported unit’s SOPs and battle drills.

c. Conducted PSYOP capabilities brief.

2. Conducted MDMP.

——

a. Developed PSYOP intelligence collection plan.

b. Produced PSYOP appendix.

3. Coordinated for logistical, communication, and intelligence support.

——

3-14

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

Chapter 3

Employ a Tactical Psychological Operations Development Detachment

331-37A-0342

Conditions: Given the requirement to employ a tactical Psychological Operations development

detachment (TPDD) in support of PSYOP company operations, and appropriate PSYOP appendixes,

tabs, and internal operation order (OPORD).

Standards: Direct the development, production, distribution, dissemination, and assessment of a PSYOP

series in support of the PSYOP company.

Performance Steps

1. Receive the mission and issue a warning order (WARNORD).

a. Issue the time of the mission analysis meeting.

b. Update the current status of each section’s responsibilities.

c. Include situation, mission, and general and special instructions.

2. Supervise planning (Phase I of the PSYOP process).

3. Supervise target audience analysis (Phase II of the PSYOP process).

4. Supervise series development (Phase II of the PSYOP process).

5. Supervise product development and design (Phase IV of the PSYOP process).

6. Obtain plan/series approval (Phase V of the PSYOP process).

7. Direct the production, distribution, and dissemination of PSYOP products (Phase VI of the PSYOP

process).

8. Evaluate supporting PSYOP programs (Phase VII of the PSYOP process).

9. Produce changes to the plan as needed.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

1. Received the mission and issued WARNORD.

——

a. Issued time of mission analysis meeting.

b. Updated current status of each sections responsibilities.

c. Included situation, mission, general, and special instructions.

2. Supervised planning (Phase I of the PSYOP process).

——

3. Supervised target audience analysis (Phase II of the

PSYOP process).

——

4. Supervised series development (Phase III of the PSYOP process).

——

5. Supervised product development and design (Phase IV of the

PSYOP process).

——

6. Obtained plan/series approval (Phase V of the PSYOP process).

——

7. Directed the production, distribution, and dissemination of

PSYOP products (Phase VI of the PSYOP process).

——

8. Evaluated supporting PSYOP programs (Phase VII of the PSYOP

process).

——

9. Produced changes to the plan as needed.

——

Evaluation Guidance: Score the officer GO if all performance measures are passed. Score the officer

NO-GO if any performance measure is failed. If the officer scores NO-GO, show the officer what was

done wrong and how to do it correctly.

3-16

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

Chapter 3

Employ a Psychological Operations Support Element

331-37A-0343

Conditions: Given the requirement to provide PSYOP support to the United States (U.S.) Embassy or

military unit, with a tailored element, the theater security cooperation plan, mission performance plan,

references, and a theater command approved program and mission; and having already conducted a

predeployment site survey (PDSS).

Standards: Employ a Psychological Operations support element (PSE) in support of the supported

agency’s mission.

Performance Steps

Integrate with supported unit or government agency staff.

a. For military units.

(1)

Report to the S-3 and the supported unit’s PSYOP officer/noncommissioned officer

(NCO).

(2)

Obtain a copy of the supported unit’s standing operating procedures (SOPs), including

their battle drills.

(3)

Brief capabilities and limitations to the supported unit commander and staff.

b. For embassy staffs.

(1)

Report to the U.S. military group (MILGRP) commander, Office of Defense Cooperation,

senior military officer, or designated representative.

(2)

Receive a threat brief from the regional security officer.

(3)

Brief capabilities and limitations to the Defense Attaché or ambassador.

(4)

Determine product approval authority.

Conduct the military decision making process (MDMP) as part of the supported unit’s staff or

independently (Phase I of the PSYOP process).

a. Develop a PSYOP intelligence collection plan.

b. Produce a PSYOP appendix to the Information Operations (IO) annex to the supported unit’s

operation order (OPORD). <OR> Produce a PSYOP plan using the PSYOP tab format to

support the government agency’s mission and U.S. objectives.

c. Obtain approval for the PSYOP plan.

Conduct support coordination.

a. Logistical support.

(1)

Maintenance.

(2)

Interpreters.

(3)

Special operations forces (SOF) specific (for example, loudspeaker, Multiband Intra-

Team Radio [MBITR], and so on).

(4)

Army common (for example, vehicle parts, batteries, intravenous [IV] bags, and so on).

(5)

Identify sources of funding for PSYOP activities.

b. Communication support.

c. Intelligence support.

Integrate interpreters into a PSE.

Conduct target audience analysis (Phase II of the PSYOP process).

Conduct series development (Phase III of the PSYOP process).

Conduct product development and design (Phase IV of the PSYOP process).

Obtain plan/series approval (Phase V of the PSYOP process).

Direct the production, distribution, and dissemination of PSYOP products (Phase VI of the PSYOP

process).

10.

Evaluate supporting PSYOP programs (Phase VII of the PSYOP process).

11.

Produce changes to the plan as needed.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

3-18

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

Integrated with the supported unit or government agency staff.

——

Conducted the MDMP

a. Developed a PSYOP intelligence collection plan.

——

b. Produced a PSYOP appendix to the Information Operations (IO)

annex to the supported unit’s OPORD. <OR> Produced a PSYOP

plan using the PSYOP tab format to support the government

agencies mission and U.S. objectives.

c. Obtained approval for the PSYOP plan.

3. Conducted support coordination.

——

a. Logistical support.

b. Communication support.

c. Intelligence support.

Integrated interpreters into a PSE.

——

Conducted target audience analysis.

——

Conducted series development.

——

Conducted product development and design.

——

Obtained plan/series approval.

——

Directed the production, distribution, and dissemination of

PSYOP products.

——

10.

Evaluated supporting PSYOP programs.

——

11.

Produced changes to the plan as needed.

——

Evaluation Guidance: Score the officer GO if all performance measures are passed. Score the officer

NO-GO if any performance measure is failed. If the officer scores NO-GO, show the officer what was

done wrong and how to do it correctly.

References

Required

FM 3-05.30

FM 3-05.301

JP 3-53

Special Psychological Operations (PSYOP) Assessment

Special Psychological Operations (PSYOP) Study

Military Capabilities Study

Theater Security Cooperation Plan

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-19

Chapter 3

Integrate Psychological Operations into the

Supported Unit’s Military Decision Making Process

331-37A-0350

Conditions: Given the requirement to plan PSYOP in support of a maneuver unit and given the higher-

headquarters (HQ) order, access to classified and unclassified digital information systems, and area

studies.

Standards: Produce the PSYOP tab/appendix to the supported unit’s order in the five paragraph format.

Identify Psychological Operations objectives (POs), supporting Psychological Operations objectives

(SPOs), potential target audience list (PTAL), initial assessment criteria, and themes to stress and themes

to avoid.

Performance Steps

Conduct Step 1 of the military decision making process (MDMP): Receipt of Mission.

a. Commander/staff initial assessment.

(1) Conduct initial assessment of PSYOP by reviewing national-level guidance and higher-HQ

order.

(2) Assign responsibilities to PSYOP planners.

b. Receive commander’s initial guidance (if available).

c. Prepare and coordinate input into the initial warning order (WARNORD).

(1) Provide input into the unit’s draft mission statement.

(2) Provide tasks to subordinate PSYOP units or staff sections for early initiation.

Conduct Step 2 of the MDMP: Mission Analysis.

Analyze the higher-HQ order.

(1) Analyze the commander’s intent and the concept of operation for the unit and PSYOP.

(2) Read the entire higher-HQ order, to include all tabs and appendixes.

Provide PSYOP support to intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB).

(1) Define the battlefield environment.

(a) Identify characteristics of the battlefield that will influence friendly and threat operations.

(b) Identify the limits of the area of interest.

(d) Analyze media infrastructure.

(e) Identify potential target audience (PTA) locations (key target sets).

(f) Produce graphic overlays to portray significant characteristics of the battlefield (to include

weather and terrain, media infrastructure, and PTAL overlays).

(g) Identify potential intelligence sources and agencies.

(h) Begin development of the PSYOP estimate.

(2) Describe the battlefield effects. Information from this step is written into paragraph 2

(Situation and Consideration) of the PSYOP estimate, sections a (Characteristics of the AO)

and b (Key Target Sets).

(a) Describe the weather effects that will influence friendly PSYOP and adversarial

propaganda.

(b) Analyze the political/military characteristics of the battlefield and potential target

audiences (PTA).

propaganda.

(3) Evaluate the threat.

(a) Conduct propaganda analysis and counterpropaganda planning.

(b) Develop graphic threat templates to portray threat propaganda capabilities, requirements,

and vulnerabilities.

(4) Determine threat COAs. Identify where (location of propaganda assets), when (prediction of

when in the operation propaganda assets will be employed), and why (likely propaganda

concept and objectives) the threat will employ propaganda.

3-20

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

Determine specified (specifically assigned), implied (not stated but must be accomplished), and

essential (must be executed to accomplish the mission) tasks.

(1) Derive specified tasks from the higher-headquarters’ order.

(2) Analyze specified tasks to derive implied tasks.

Begin development of POs, SPOs, and PTAL.

Review available assets (for example, PSYOP unit, supported unit, other PSYOP assets, and

host-nation assets) and compare assets to mission requirements. Submit requests for additional

PSYOP forces as needed (for example, combat mission needs statement [CMNS], statement of

requirements [SORs]). Information from this step is applied to section c (Friendly Forces) of the

PSYOP estimate.

Determine PSYOP constraints (for example, resources required to do something and prohibited

actions such as themes to avoid), both supported unit and higher PSYOP unit imposed.

Identify critical facts and assumptions: target audiences (TAs), PSYOP force vulnerabilities,

PSYOP force capabilities, and other PSYOP-specific information.

Conduct risk assessment.

(1) Identify risk associated with the environment and military operations.

(2) Identify inherent risks associated with the mission type (PSYOP actions and arguments).

Determine information requirements (IRs) and initial priority intelligence requirements (PIRs) for

PSYOP and provide input to the unit’s friendly forces information requirements (FFIRs) and

commander’s critical information requirements (CCIR).

(1) Identify intelligence gaps important to PSYOP mission accomplishment and develop IRs to

address these shortcomings.

(2) Identify friendly force assessment (for example, operation summaries [OPSUMs], SPOT

reports, and subordinate assessments), threat force assessment (for example, intelligence

summaries [INTSUMs], tactical human intelligence [HUMINT] team reports, and J-2/G-2/S-2

assessments), and third-party assessment (for example, polling, civil affairs assessments,

tactical PSYOP team reports, and subordinate assessments) to support PSYOP assessment.

Provide PSYOP input into the unit’s initial reconnaissance annex based on previously identified

IRs, that include PSYOP initial assessment criteria developed concurrently with POs and SPOs.

Plan use of available time.

(1) Determine the predeployment timeline of the unit.

(2) Determine long lead-time tasks such as psychological actions (PSYACT) and product

development and approval. Provide PSYOP input into the unit’s timeline.

Write the PSYOP restated mission.

(1) Who, what, when, where, why.

(2) POs and SPOs.

Conduct/take part in the mission analysis briefing in accordance with the supported unit standing

operating procedure (SOP). Provide early mission analysis input to the J-3/G-3/S-3.

Obtain supported commander’s approval for the PSYOP mission.

Assist in the development of the supported commander’s initial intent.

(1) Incorporate into the commander’s initial intent what PSYOP must do (key tasks) to support

the unit.

(2) Provide input into the commander’s intent in the base order.

Receive the commander’s guidance for PSYOP.

(1) Issue the WARNORD to subordinate units.

(2) Mission.

(3) Situation.

(4) General instructions.

(5) Special instructions.

(6) Review facts and assumptions for PSYOP.

Conduct Step 3 of MDMP: COA Development.

a. Analyze relative combat power.

(1) Determine where and what PSYOP to conduct in order to achieve the mission objectives.

(2) Determine where and what PSYOP to conduct in order to counter enemy propaganda

actions.

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-21

Chapter 3

(3) Analyze psychological impact of proposed supported unit actions on multiple TA in the area

of operations (AO).

b. Generate options. Determine how to employ PSYOP to support the COA.

c. Array initial forces. Determine PSYOP forces for each task, other units tasked with PSYOP

actions, and security for PSYOP units.

d. Develop scheme of maneuver. Determine how arrayed forces will accomplish the commander’s

intent for PSYOP.

e. Task organize PSYOP forces (assign headquarters) to properly support the COA.

Prepare COA statements and graphic sketches to articulate the commander’s intent for PSYOP,

mission, and end state.

Conduct Step 4 of the MDMP: COA Analysis. Information from this step of the MDMP is applied to

section 3 (Analysis of COAs) of the PSYOP estimate.

a. Synchronize PSYOP with the supported unit plan and war game PSYOP concept of support

against how the enemy will conduct propaganda operations.

b. Gather the tools (IPB products to include; key target sets overlay, weather impact overlay, terrain

impact overlay, media infrastructure overlay).

c. List all friendly forces.

d. List assumptions.

e. List known critical events and decision points.

Determine evaluation criteria for COA comparison (example, Psychological impact and risk).

Select war game method.

War game the battle and assess results.

Conduct Step 5 of the MDMP: COA Comparison. Information from this step of the MDMP is applied to

section 4 (Comparison of COAs) of the PSYOP estimate.

a. Analyze advantages and disadvantages of each COA from a PSYOP perspective.

b. Construct a matrix to compare each COA based upon the evaluation criteria.

c. Weight each of the evaluation criteria by degree of importance to PSYOP.

d. Determine which COA PSYOP can best support, achieves POs, poses the minimum risk to

Soldiers and equipment, best positions the unit for future operations, and provides the best

flexibility to meet unexpected events during execution. Information from this step of the MDMP is

applied to section 5 (Recommendations and Conclusions) of the PSYOP estimate.

Conduct Step 6 of the MDMP: COA Approval.

a. Finalize PSYOP support, POs, SPOs, PTAL, and PSYOP execution and synchronization

matrixes.

b. Receive any additional guidance from the commander.

Note. Upon completion of Step 6 of the MDMP the PSYOP estimate is complete.

7. Conduct Step 7 of the MDMP: Operations Order Production.

a. Refine PSYOP support to the COA.

b. Produce PSYOP appendix/tab derived from COA.

c. Commander reviews and approves PSYOP appendix/tab.

d. PSYOP appendix/tab issued as part of the unit OPORD.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

3-22

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

Performance Measures

NO-GO

Compiled and reviewed all necessary background

information and policy guidance regarding PSYOP in

the area of responsibility.

——

Applied PSYOP perspective to the higher-HQ order and

determined assigned PSYOP related tasks.

——

Produced the media infrastructure, and key target sets (PTAs),

and terrain overlays.

——

Listed weather and terrain factors that affect PSYOP dissemination.

——

Initiated PSYOP estimate.

——

Listed specified, implied, and essential tasks.

——

Produced a CMNS or SOR.

——

Identified the PSYOP-specific constraints.

——

Submitted a list of PSYOP IRs.

——

10.

Included the PSYOP peculiar risks into the commander’s

risk assessment.

——

11.

Submitted PSYOP IRs to the intelligence officer for consideration

as CCIR.

——

12.

Verified PSYOP IRs are included in the reconnaissance annex.

——

13.

Established a timeline for critical events.

——

14.

Wrote the restated PSYOP mission.

——

15.

Validated the PSYOP estimate with the J-2/G-2/S-2.

——

16.

Briefed the restated PSYOP mission statement.

——

17.

Briefed specific PSYOP key tasks for recommendation into the

commander’s intent.

——

18.

Ensured the PSYOP plan supports the commander’s

recommended COA.

——

19.

Published the WARNORD tasking subordinate PSYOP

units.

——

20.

Requested use of collection assets capable of reporting

relevant impact indicators.

——

21.

Wrote the initial PSYOP mission statement.

——

22.

Developed a PSYOP COA for each supported unit COA.

——

23.

Developed PSYOP specific evaluation criteria for each

supported unit COA.

——

24.

Analyzed enemy propaganda and counterpropaganda threats.

——

25.

Applied PSYOP COA matrix and determined the best COA

from a PSYOP perspective.

——

26.

Review and refine POs, SPOs, and PTAL based upon the

approved COA.

——

27.

Produced the PSYOP campaign control sheet.

——

28.

Published the PSYOP tab/appendix.

——

Evaluation Guidance: Score the officer GO if all performance measures are passed. Score the officer

NO-GO if any performance measure is failed. If the officer scores NO-GO, show the officer what was

done wrong and how to do it correctly.

References

Required

FM 3-05.301

FM 3-05.30

FM 3-05.302

FM 5-0

JP 3-53

Country Plan

Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan, 18 July 2003

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-23

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

Develop Psychological Operations Targeting Objectives

331-37A-0351

Conditions: Given the requirement to integrate with a supported unit’s targeting element, series

execution matrix (SEM), series dissemination work sheet (SDW), supported unit’s operation order

(OPORD) with all annexes, access to a secure internet protocol (SIPR), and having conducted staff

integration, military decision making process (MDMP), and Phases I through III of the PSYOP process.

Standards: Write a Psychological Operations targeting objective (PTO) to enable series execution by

articulating the what, where, when, and why (desired effect).

Performance Steps

1. Select the first product requiring external execution support from the SEM.

2. Determine the what and include the quantity (for example, deliver 1.3 million leaflets).

3. Determine the where in terms of the grid coordinates or target name.

4. Determine the when in terms of the date-time group or D-plus or -minus (for example, D+7 or H-2).

5. Determine the why (for example, in order to persuade by disrupting radio station operations or in

order to disrupt repair of previously destroyed targets).

6. Write the PTO including the what, where, when, and why.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

1. Selected the first product requiring external execution support

from the SEM.

——

2. Determined the what and included the quantity.

——

3. Determined the where in terms of the grid coordinates or target

name.

——

4. Determined the when in terms of the date-time group or D-plus

or -minus.

——

5. Determined the why.

——

6. Wrote the PTO including the what, where, when, and why.

——

Evaluation Guidance: Score the officer GO if all performance measures are passed. Score the officer

NO-GO if any performance measure is failed. If the officer scores NO-GO, show the officer what was

done wrong and how to do it correctly.

References

Required

FM 3-05.301

FM 3-05.30

FM 5-0

FM 6-20-10

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-25

Chapter 3

Integrate Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield

into Psychological Operations

331-37A-0353

Conditions: Given a supported unit’s mission and the requirement to plan for supporting PSYOP, the

higher-headquarters operation plan (OPLAN), a computer with access to digital information systems, and

an area study.

Standards: Integrate intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB) into PSYOP in accordance with

(IAW) the four step IPB process.

Performance Steps

1. Define the battlefield environment.

a. Identify characteristics of the battlefield that will influence friendly and threat operations.

b. Establish the limits of the area of interest.

c. Analyze weather and terrain as it pertains to PSYOP dissemination.

d. Analyze friendly/enemy media infrastructure.

e. Identify potential target audience (PTA) locations.

Identify potential open source and classified intelligence and relevant agencies.

2. Describe the battlefield effects.

a. Describe the weather effects that will influence PSYOP and adversarial propaganda.

b. Discuss the characteristics of the 14 political-military (POLMIL) factors and their effects on

PSYOP and adversarial propaganda.

c. Discuss the limitations that infrastructure places on PSYOP and adversarial propaganda.

d. Determine the vulnerabilities, arguments, susceptibilities, accessibilities, and effectiveness of

each target audience (TA) listed on the potential target audience list (PTAL).

3. Evaluate the threat.

a. Conduct propaganda analysis.

b. Conduct counterpropaganda planning.

4. Determine the threat courses of action (COAs).

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

1. Defined the battlefield environment.

——

a. Identified characteristics of the battlefield that will influence

friendly and threat operations.

b. Established the limits of the area of interest.

c. Analyzed weather and terrain as it pertains to PSYOP

dissemination.

d. Analyzed friendly/enemy media infrastructure.

e. Identified PTA locations.

Identified potential open source and classified intelligence and

relevant agencies.

2. Described the battlefield effects.

——

a. Described the weather effects that will influence PSYOP and

adversarial propaganda.

3-26

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

b. Discussed the characteristics of the 14 POLMIL factors and

their effects on PSYOP and adversarial propaganda.

c. Discussed the limitations that infrastructure places on PSYOP

and adversarial propaganda.

d. Determined the vulnerabilities, arguments, susceptibilities,

accessibilities, and effectiveness of each TA listed on the PTAL.

3. Evaluated the threat.

——

a. Conducted propaganda analysis.

b. Conducted counterpropaganda planning.

4. Determined the threat COAs.

——

Evaluation Guidance: Score the officer GO if all performance measures are passed. Score the officer

NO-GO if any performance measure is failed. If the officer scores NO-GO, show the officer what was

done wrong and how to do it correctly.

References

Required

FM 3-05.301

FM 2-0

FM 34-130

FM 3-05.102

FM 3-05.30

JP 2-01.3

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-27

Chapter 3

Plan Psychological Operations Actions

331-37A-0344

Conditions: Given a supporting PSYOP plan, completed target audience analysis work sheets (TAAWs),

series concept work sheet (SCW), series dissemination work sheet (SDW), series execution matrix

(SEM), plans and program detachment or team, and the supported units operation order (OPORD).

Standards: Produce psychological actions (PSYACT) concept on product action work sheet (PAW) and

submit for approval.

Performance Steps

1. Select a PSYACT from a series to refine.

2. Enter target audience (TA), Psychological Operations objective (POs), supporting Psychological

Operations objective (SPOs), product number, media type, arguments/symbols, related products, and

suspense date on the PAW from SCW and SDW.

3. Enter the PSYACT concept on the PAW.

a. Write a detailed description of the PSYACT to include:

(1) Type and size of unit/agent of action.

(2) Type of action (for example, medical civil action project [MEDCAP], show of force, or direct

action).

(3) Location.

(4) Execution timeframe.

(5) Effect (the desired behavior).

(6) Duration of effect.

(7) Intent of action (commander’s intent for the operation).

(8) Describe how PSYACT relates to the arguments and has a synergistic effect when executed

with the rest of the series to elicit the desired effect.

4. List aspects of execution that have primary or secondary psychological effects on the TA that are

detractors or enablers (for example, dos and don’ts of the operation; security posture, and wearing of

camouflage).

5. List potential unintended consequences of PSYACT.

6. Enter any related product/action concepts from the series.

7. Submit the PAW along with the SCW, SEM, and SDW to the company commander for review and

approval.

8. Brief the supported unit’s S-3 on the PSYACT concept.

9. Obtain the supported unit commander’s approval for the PSYACT.

Note. If PSYACT is disapproved, adjust series accordingly.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

1. Selected a PSYACT from a series to refine.

——

2. Entered TA, POs, SPOs, product number, media type, arguments/

symbols, related products, and suspense date

on the PAW from the SCW and SDW.

——

3. Entered the PSYACT concept on the PAW.

——

a. Type and size of unit/agent of action.

b. Type of action (for example, MEDCAP, show of force, or direct action).

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STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

c. Location.

d. Execution timeframe.

e. Effect (the desired behavior).

Duration of effect.

Intent of action (commander’s intent for the operation).

Described how PSYACT relates to the arguments

and has a synergistic effect when executed with the rest

of the series to elicit the desired effect.

4. Listed aspects of execution that have primary or secondary

psychological effects on the TA that are detractors or enablers.

——

5. Listed potential unintended consequences of PSYACT.

——

6. Entered any related product/action concepts from the series.

——

7. Submitted the PAW along with the SCW, SEM, and SDW to the

company commander for review and approval.

——

8. Briefed the supported unit’s S-3 on the PSYACT concept.

——

9. Obtained supported unit commander’s approval for the

PSYACT.

——

Evaluation Guidance: Score the officer GO if all performance measures are passed. Score the officer

NO-GO if any performance measure is failed. If the officer scores NO-GO, show the officer what was

done wrong and how to do it correctly.

References

Required

FM 3-05.301

FM 3-05.302

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-29

Chapter 3

Coordinate Approved Psychological Operations Actions

331-37A-0354

Conditions: Given a supporting PSYOP plan, completed target audience analysis work sheets (TAAWs),

series concept work sheet (SCW), series dissemination work sheet (SDW), series execution matrix

(SEM), approved psychological actions (PSYACT) with product action work sheet (PAW), plans and

program detachment or team, and the supported units operations order (OPORD).

Standards: Participate in mission analysis to support PSYACT and provide input for fragmentary order

(FRAGO) to be issued to the executing unit.

Performance Steps

1. Participate in mission analysis.

a. Ensure timing of action and activity location from PAW are included in mission statement.

b. Convey intent as described on PAW for inclusion into the supported unit commander’s intent.

c. Ensure PSYOP enabling actions or activities (for example, Soldier’s posture and the use of

individual camouflage) are included in the execution paragraph.

d. Include PAW, SEM, SCW, SDW as appendixes to OPORD.

2. Ensure the tactical Psychological Operations team (TPT) supporting the executing unit receives a

copy of the FRAGO.

Note. If possible observe unit rehearsals.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

1. Ensured timing of action and activity location from PAW are

included in mission statement.

——

2. Conveyed intent as described on PAW for inclusion into

supported unit commander’s intent.

——

3. Ensured PSYOP enabling actions or activities.

——

4. Included PAW, SEM, SCW, SDW as appendixes to order.

——

5. Ensured the TPT supporting the executing unit receives

a copy of the FRAGO.

——

Evaluation Guidance: Score the officer GO if all performance measures are passed. Score the officer

NO-GO if any performance measure is failed. If the officer scores NO-GO, show the officer what was

done wrong and how to do it correctly.

References

Required

FM 3-05.301

FM 3-05.302

3-30

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

Subject Area 2: Psychological Operations

Supervise Target Audience Analysis

331-37A-0472

Conditions: Given Psychological Operations objectives (PO), supporting Psychological Operations

objectives (SPO), a potential target audience list (PTAL), access to PSYOP-relevant information, and

target audience analysis work sheets (TAAWs).

Standards: Analyze individual target audiences (TAs) and record the analysis on the TAAW, including

the effectiveness, conditions, vulnerabilities, susceptibility, accessibility, arguments, recommended

psychological actions (PSYACT), and refined assessment criteria.

Performance Steps

Conduct initial research for target audience analysis (TAA).

a. Integrate strategic studies detachment (SSD) analysts (if available).

b. Review SSD produced analyses and products.

(1) PSYOP appendix to the military capabilities study (MCS).

(2) Special Psychological Operations (PSYOP) study (SPS).

(3) Special Psychological Operations (PSYOP) assessment (SPA).

(4) Assessments of the PSYOP environment.

(5) PSYOP audience analyses.

(6) PSYOP issue analyses.

Identify and refine TAs. (Step 1 of the TAA model).

a. Identify TAs in relation to a specific SPO by answering the following three questions.

(1) What TAs are engaging/likely to engage in the targeted behavior (SPO)?

(2) What TAs are directly or indirectly influencing the behavior of the primary actors?

(3) What are the subcategories among the primary and secondary actors (specific individuals,

organizations, and demographic sets)?

b. Select a TA for further analysis.

Determine effectiveness. (Step 2 of the TAA model).

a. Define the desired behavior for the TA.

b. Analyze the effectiveness by answering the following three questions.

(1) What degree of power, control, or authority does the TA have in regard to the desired

behavior?

(2) What restrictions affect the TA in regards to the desired behavior?

(3) If the TA takes the desired action, what is the overall effect on the SPO?

c. Assign an overall rating of 1 to 5.

Identify the conditions that affect the TA (Step 3 of the TAA model).

a. Analyze causes and effects (C/E) of current behavior on C/E chart.

(1) Fill in header data.

(2) Define the current behavior for the TA.

(3) Identify the causes of the current behavior.

(4) Identify the effects of the current behavior.

Identify vulnerabilities (Step 4 of the TAA model).

a. Determine vulnerabilities from conditions identified on the C/E chart.

(1) Answer the following questions.

(a) What conditions can be modified to achieve behavior change?

(b) Identify primary and secondary motives.

(d) How can United States (U.S.)/friendly forces use the vulnerability to modify the TA’s

current behavior?

b. Determine vulnerabilities from careful study of the TA’s society and culture.

(1) Determine psychographics (psychological characteristics) that affect the TA’s behavior.

(2) Identify demographic characteristics that affect the TA’s behavior.

(3) Derive additional motives from psychographics/demographics.

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-31

Chapter 3

(4) Identify symbols that provoke an emotional response.

Determine susceptibility (Step 5 of the TAA model).

a. Determine the risks/rewards of behavior change.

(1) Determine TA’s perceived risks for engaging in desired behavior.

(2) Determine TA’s perceived rewards for engaging in desired behavior.

(3) Determine how consistent the desired behavior is with the values and beliefs of the TA.

b. Determine susceptibility rating from 1 to 5.

c. Based upon the susceptibility rating, make a recommendation on how to structure the PSYOP

series in order to achieve the SPO.

Determine accessibility (Step 6 of the TAA model).

a. Determine how the TA currently receives their information.

b. Determine their current media patterns by assessing the reach and frequency.

c. Determine how the TA uses the medium.

d. Determine how involved the TA is in the process.

e. Evaluate whether the TA accesses the media individually or with others.

Determine what new media can be used to access the TA.

List each medium on the TAAW (each rating must be explained on the TAAW).

(1) List medium.

(2) Describe format.

(3) List advantages and disadvantages.

(4) Rate media on a scale from 1 to 5.

h. Articulate the technical aspect of each media type.

Develop the arguments and recommend PSYACTs (Step 7 of the TAA model).

a. Articulate a main argument.

b. Determine the appeal to deliver the main argument.

c. Develop supporting arguments by analyzing TA’s vulnerabilities/conditions.

d. Determine which persuasion techniques have the greatest possibility of success.

e. Recommend PSYACTs.

(1) Consider friendly actions that will induce the desired behavior change by exploiting

vulnerabilities.

(2) Identify types of units that can execute the activity.

(3) Identify by phase when the activity or action should occur.

Refine assessment criteria (Step 8 of the TAA model).

a. Review the current and desired behavior definitions.

b. Determine what specific, measurable, observable data regarding the TA’s behavior is required.

10.

Review TAAW for accuracy and completeness.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

1. Conducted initial research for TAA.

——

2. Identified and refined TAs.

——

3. Determined effectiveness.

——

4. Identified the conditions that affect the TA.

——

5. Identified vulnerabilities.

——

a. Determined vulnerabilities from conditions

identified on the C/E chart.

b. Determined additional vulnerabilities from careful study

of the TA society and culture.

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STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

Chapter 3

Develop Psychological Operations Objectives

331-37A-0445

Conditions: Given national policy/objectives, higher-headquarters’ operation plan (OPLAN), updated

staff estimates, supported commander’s guidance, supported unit mission and objectives,

PSYOP-relevant information, and the military decision making process (MDMP).

Standards: Develop Psychological Operations objectives (POs) during MDMP for inclusion in the tab or

appendix for an OPLAN, commander’s estimate, supporting plans, or operation order (OPORD).

Performance Steps

1. Integrate with staff and participate in the MDMP.

2. Determine the supporting unit’s implied, specified, and essential tasks during Step 2, Mission

Analysis, to develop POs.

a. Review and analyze national policies/objectives.

b. Review commander’s intent and supported unit’s specified, implied, and essential tasks.

c. Review supporting campaign plans and OPLANS/OPORDS/PSYOP annexes, appendixes, or

tabs.

d. Analyze supported unit’s mission by phase.

3. List POs for inclusion in the PSYOP tab or appendix.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

1. Integrated with staff and participated in the MDMP.

——

2. Determined supporting unit’s implied, specified, and essential

tasks to develop POs.

——

3. Wrote POs.

——

a. Used active voice.

b. Ensured a verb began the sentence.

c. Ensured the verb indicated a direction of behavior change.

4. Listed POs for inclusion in the PSYOP tab or appendix.

——

5. Developed POs that support all phases of the operation.

——

Evaluation Guidance: Score the officer GO if all performance measures are passed. Score the officer

NO-GO if any performance measure is failed. If the officer scores NO-GO, show the officer what was

done wrong and how to do it correctly.

REFERENCES

Required

FM 3-05.301

FM 5-0

3-34

STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

Develop Supporting Psychological Operations Objectives

331-37A-0446

Conditions: Given the requirement to provide PSYOP support, national policy/objectives, higher-

headquarters’ operation plan (OPLAN), updated staff estimates, supported commander’s guidance,

supported unit’s mission and objectives, PSYOP-relevant information, the military decision making

process (MDMP), and Psychological Operations objectives (PO).

Standards: Develop supporting Psychological Operations objectives (SPOs) during MDMP for inclusion

in the tab or appendix for an OPLAN, commander’s estimate, supporting plans, or operations order

(OPORD).

Performance Steps

1. Integrate with staff and participate in the MDMP.

2. Determine specific behavioral responses needed to achieve the POs in support of the approved

courses of action (COAs).

3. Develop at least two SPOs for each PO.

4. List SPOs for inclusion in the PSYOP tab or appendix.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

1. Integrated with staff and participated in the MDMP.

——

2. Wrote SPO.

——

a. Used active voice.

b. Ensured noun (target audience [TA]) started the sentence.

c. Ensured verb indicated a direction of behavior change.

d. Ensured behavior was definable, measurable, and observable.

e. Ensured verb was not written in absolutes.

3. Developed at least two SPOs for each PO.

——

4. Listed SPOs for inclusion in the PSYOP tab or appendix.

——

Evaluation Guidance: Score the officer GO if all performance measures are passed. Score the officer

NO-GO if any performance measure is failed. If the officer scores NO-GO, show the officer what was

done wrong and how to do it correctly.

References

Required

FM 3-05.301

FM 5-0

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-35

Chapter 3

Submit a Psychological Operations Program for Approval

331-37A-0447

Conditions: Given the requirement to obtain approval for a Psychological Operations program in support

of emerging operations, national objectives, applicable other government agency (OGA) objectives,

supported unit or agency having initiated the military decision making process (MDMP) and Phases I and

II of the PSYOP process; secure internet protocol (SIPR) and message traffic software (automated

message handling system [AMHS], defense message system [DMS], general text [GENTEXT] software).

Standards: Write a request for program approval to the Joint Staff in Department of Defense (DOD)

message traffic format and include program name/title, objective, strategy, themes, arguments, target

audiences, symbols, media analysis and strategy, potential secondary consequences, and recommend

PSYOP approval chain.

Performance Steps

1. Determine the message security classification.

2. Prepare routing of the message to include to, from, and info copy addressees.

a. Route the message to immediate-higher headquarters.

b. Copy the information to all headquarters/agencies in the staffing process and any unit/agency

that will support the program.

3. Organize the message body.

a. State the purpose of message.

b. List the program name/title.

c. List the PSYOP program objective.

d. Describe the PSYOP execution strategy.

e. List each target audience in separate paragraphs and include the following:

(1) Supporting Psychological Operations objective (SPO).

(2) Arguments.

(3) Themes.

(4) Symbols.

Describe the findings from media analysis.

Describe the strategy to use media.

Discuss the potential secondary consequences and responses of belligerent, neutral, and friendly

groups.

Recommend the PSYOP product approval and execution chain.

4. Obtain the message release authority.

5. Verify the message was released and obtain date time group of release.

6. Inform “to addressee” via normal staff communication channel of date-time group of message

release.

7. Verify the message was received by “to addressee.”

8. Observe the message progress through the approval chain.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

1. Determined the message security classification.

——

2. Prepared routing of the message.

——

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STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

Chapter 3

Supervise Psychological Operations Series Development

331-37A-0449

Conditions: Given a supporting PSYOP plan, completed target audience analysis work sheet (TAAW),

plans and program detachment or team, and the supported unit’s operation order (OPORD).

Standards: Participate in series development by developing the series concept work sheet (SCW), series

dissemination work sheet (SDW), series execution matrix (SEM), and conducting an internal series review

board.

Performance Steps

Complete the SCW.

a. Assign a series number using the PSYOP numbering and filing system.

b. Select an argument from the TAAW.

c. Determine the media types to be employed.

d. Determine the number of each media type.

e. Determine the arguments that will be used in each product or action.

Determine how the series is to be staged.

Complete the SDW.

a. Determine the location and time for each product to be disseminated.

(1) Consider the duration.

(2) Consider the timing.

(3) Determine the frequency.

(4) Select the locations.

(5) Determine the placement.

(6) Determine the quantity.

b. Review the SDW for accuracy and completeness.

Complete the SEM.

Conduct the internal series review board.

a. Disseminate the time and location to all members of the plans and programs detachment or plans

and programs team, outside experts (company commander, first sergeant), and strategic studies

detachment (SSD) analysts to attend the review board.

b. Use the following criteria to evaluate the series.

(1) Ensure the duration of the series is long enough to achieve the desired behavioral response.

(2) Ensure that the types and numbers of products and actions determined are sufficient.

(3) Ensure that the sequencing of each product and action enhances the overall series.

(4) Ensure that all portions of the argument are sufficiently addressed.

(5) Resolve any conflicts in the execution of the series.

(6) Ensure that the resources necessary to execute the series are available.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

1. Completed the SCW using the TAAW as a base document.

——

a. Determined the path the TA must be led down to

arrive at the desired behavior change.

b. Developed a persuasive argument from information

found in the TAAW.

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STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

c. Selected the types of media to use.

d. Determined the types of products and actions

necessary to change the targeted behavior of the TA.

e. Determined any specific phrases or symbols to be

repeated for all or most of the products in the series.

Included input from media personnel and SSD analysts.

Determined the number of each media type.

Determined how the series is to be staged.

Assigned a series number.

Reviewed the SCW for accuracy and completeness.

2. Completed the SDW using the SCW as a base.

——

a. Determined location and time for each product to be

disseminated.

b. Reviewed SDW for accuracy and completeness.

3. Completed the SEM using the SDW as a base.

——

4. Conducted the internal series review board.

——

Evaluation Guidance: Score the officer GO if all performance measures are passed. Score the officer

NO-GO if any performance measure is failed. If the officer scores NO-GO, show the officer what was

done wrong and how to do it correctly.

References

Required

FM 3-05.301

FM 3-05.302

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-39

Chapter 3

Supervise the Development and Design of Products and Actions

for a Psychological Operations Series

331-37A-0476

Conditions: Given the requirement to develop products and actions for a PSYOP series, national security

strategy, national military strategy, Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan, theater security cooperation plan,

country plan, special Psychological Operations (PSYOP) assessments (SPAs), special Psychological

Operations (PSYOP) studies (SPSs), the supported unit’s mission, the results of the military decision

making process (MDMP), a completed target audience analysis work sheet (TAAW), a series concept

work sheet (SCW), a series dissemination work sheet (SDW), and a series execution matrix (SEM).

Standards: Approve product/action work sheets (PAWs) as the framework for product design in a

PSYOP series, approve product prototypes for pretesting, and submit the series product prototypes to the

internal review board.

Performance Steps

Review the documents produced during Phase III, Series Development.

a. Review the SCW.

(1) Arguments.

(2) Media types to be employed.

(3) Number of each media type.

(4) Arguments used in each product.

(5) Staging of the series.

b. Review the SDW.

(1) Duration of each product dissemination.

(2) Timing of each product and action.

(3) Frequency of each product and action.

(4) Location of each product and action.

(5) Placement of each product and action.

(6) Quantity of each product and action.

c. Review the SEM.

(1) Confirm product and action coordination and synchronization.

(2) Deconflict execution of multiple series.

(3) Suspense dates for prototypes.

(4) Confirm timeline for product development .

(5) Confirm series stages and decision points for stage execution.

Assign PAW development tasks in accordance with (IAW) the timeline established on the SEM.

Ensure one PAW is completed for each product and action on the SDW.

a. Ensure that the PAWs are completed IAW the SCW.

b. Ensure that the PAW format contains the following information:

(1) Product number. (Number will be assigned by Plans and Programs Detachment officer in

charge.)

(2) Psychological Operations objective (PO).

(3) Supporting Psychological Operations objective (SPO).

(4) Series number/related products.

(5) Target audience (TA).

(6) Arguments/symbols.

(7) Media type.

(8) Product suspense.

(9) Product concept.

c. Verified the product concept supports the appropriate supporting arguments and is based upon

guidance from the TAAW.

Approve PAWs for product prototype development.

Supervise the development of PSYOP product prototypes.

a. Ensure the product prototype reflects the proper style and format for the TA.

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STP 33-37II-OFS

2 July 2007

MOS/Skill Level Tasks

b. Determine if the prototype is within the production capabilities of the supported Psychological

Operations task force (POTF) or Psychological Operations support element (PSE).

6. Submit recommended psychological actions (PSYACT) to the supported unit for coordination,

planning, and execution.

7. Submit for pretesting and make necessary changes.

8. Submit final series prototypes to product approval authority.

Evaluation Preparation: Setup: Provide the officer with adequate training and testing facilities, sufficient

time to review the task materials, pencil, paper, and needed resources. If computers are used for the

evaluation, ensure they have connectivity to the Internet and that target websites are up. If SECRET

Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) access is notional for an evaluation, provide a hard copy

product clearly marked to show that is actually UNCLASSIFIED, for example, CLASSIFIED FOR

TRAINING ONLY, UNCLASSIFIED SAMPLE, or CLASSIFICATION MARKINGS FOR TRAINING

PURPOSES ONLY. If classified sources are used, ensure SIPRNET connectivity and a secure

training site.

Performance Measures

NO-GO

1. Reviewed the documents produced during Phase III,

Series Development.

——

a. SCW.

b. SDW.

c. SEM.

2. Assigned PAW development tasks IAW the timeline

established on the SEM.

——

3. Ensured one PAW was completed for each product

and action on the SDW.

——

a. Ensured that the PAWs are completed in

accordance with the SCW.

b. Ensured that the PAW format contains

the appropriate information.

c. Verify the product concept supports the appropriate

supporting arguments and is based upon guidance

from the TAAW.

4. Approved PAWs for product prototype development.

——

5. Supervised the development of PSYOP product prototypes.

——

a. Ensured the product prototype reflects the proper style

and format for the TA.

b. Determined if the prototype is within the production

capabilities of the supported POTF or PSE.

6. Submitted recommended PSYACT to the supported unit

for coordination, planning, and execution.

——

7. Submitted for pretesting and make necessary changes.

——

8. Submitted final series prototypes to product approval authority.

——

Evaluation Guidance: Score the officer GO if all performance measures are passed. Score the officer

NO-GO if any performance measure is failed. If the officer scores NO-GO, show the officer what was

done wrong and how to do it correctly.

References

Required

FM 3-05.301

FM 3-05.302

2 July 2007

STP 33-37II-OFS

3-41

Military reference books and manuals (2009-2023, Volume 8) - page 2