ББК 81.2.1. Англ.
М41
Рецензенты:
кафедра английского языка Новгородского государственного
университета им. Ярослава Мудрого (зав. кафедрой, доцент,
кандидат филологических наук Е. Ф. Жукова)
доцент кафедры английской филологии № 2 Санкт-Петербургского
государственного университета М. В. Сорокина
Меркулова Е. М., Филимонова О. Е., Костыгина С. И., Иванова Ю. А., Папанова Л. В.
М41 Английский язык для студентов университетов. Чтение, письменная и устная практика. Серия «Изучаем иностранные языки».— СПб.: Издательство Союз, 2000.— 384 с.
ISBN 5-87852-114-8
Настоящая книга представляет собой вторую часть учебного комплекса "English For University Students".
Учебник включает текстовый материал и комплексную систему упражнений для отработки навыков устной и письменной речи на продвинутом этапе обучения.
Материал отредактирован профессором кафедры современных языков и литератур Оклевдского университета Н. Ф. Лонганом.
Все права защищены.
ã «Издательство Союз», 2000
ã Меркулова Е. М.. Филимонова О. Е., Костыгина С. И., Иванова Ю. А., Папанова Л.В., 2000
ã В.А. Гореликов, художественное оформление, 2000
ISBN 5-87852-114-8
CONTENT
S
Lesson 1 FAMILY LIFE...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Lesson 2 HOME.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16
Lesson 3 DAILY ROUTINE.............................................................................................................................................................................. 29
Lesson 4 DOMESTIC CHORES...................................................................................................................................................................... 41
Lesson 5 SHOPPING FOR FOOD.................................................................................................................................................................... 54
Lesson 6 SHOPPING FOR CONSUMER GOODS........................................................................................................................................ 68
Lesson 7 MEALS AND COOKING.................................................................................................................................................................. 81
Lesson 8 COLLEGE LIFE................................................................................................................................................................................. 96
Lesson 9 CHARACTER AND APPEARANCE........................................................................................................................................... 112
Lesson 10 WEATHER..................................................................................................................................................................................... 127
SUPPLEMENTARY READING..................................................................................................................................................................... 141
TOPICAL VOCABULARY............................................................................................................................................................................. 160
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ
Учебный комплекс "English for University Students" рассчитан на студентов первого курса факультетов иностранных языков и изучающих английский язык на продвинутом этапе и отвечает требованиям программы Министерства Высшего Образования Российской Федерации.
Комплекс включает четыре составных элемента — три учебника: «Введение в курс фонетики английского языка», «Чтение, письменная и устная практика», «Упражнения по грамматике английского языка» и аудиокурс.
Комплекс создан на кафедре фонетики английского языка факультета иностранных языков РГПУ им. А. И. Герцена и апробирован на первом курсе английского отделения в 1995-1998 годах.
Настоящая книга представляет собой вторую часть учебного комплекса — «Чтение, письменная и устная практика» (Reading, Writing andConversation). Концепция данного учебного комплекса возникла и приобрела соответствующую форму в процессе решения конкретных задач обучения английскому языку студентов-филологов.
Учебник «Чтение, письменная и устная практика», как и весь комплекс, характеризуется достаточно высоким уровнем сложности, соответствующим требованиям, предъявляемым к студентам языковых факультетов вузов. Авторский коллектив попытался оказать максимальную помощь студенту при работе с книгой, включив в материал учебника необходимые комментарии.
Учебный материал содержит десять уроков по следующим темам: 1) семейная жизнь, 2) дом и квартира, 3) распорядок дня, 4) домашние обязанности, 5) в продуктовом магазине, 6) в универмаге, 7) еда и кулинария, 8) студенческая жизнь, 9) внешность и характер, 10) погода.
Все уроки строятся по единой схеме. В начале урока даётся вводный текст в виде эссе на заданную тему и коммуникативные задания к нему. Основная задача — ввести наиболее частотную тематическую лексику по теме, отработать и закрепить её при помощи коммуникативных заданий. Далее следует текст из художественного произведения английских авторов двадцатого века. Сюжет текста обязательно связан с изучаемой темой. Для достижения наибольшей концентрации тематической лексики оригинальные тексты подвергались сокращению. После текста приводится список имён собственных, встречающихся в тексте, и даются примечания — переводы на русский язык наиболее сложных фрагментов и пояснения реалий британской жизни. Далее следуют вопросы, контролирующие понимание текста, и серия фонетических упражнений.
Лексические упражнения представлены в двух категориях — упражнения, нацеленные на достижение максимального количества повторных обращений к тексту, что способствует его усвоению; и упражнения, основной задачей которых является дальнейшее расширение навыков говорения и аудирования по теме. В качестве завершающего коммуникативного упражнения по теме предлагается ролевая игра.
Все уроки включают раздел «Письменная практика». В каждом разделе даётся информация справочного характера об основных видах письменных работ, выполняемых студентами, и приводятся образцы оформления таких работ. Здесь также предлагаются различные письменные задания и темы для сочинений. В конце учебника имеются два приложения — дополнительные тексты для чтения к каждому уроку и списки слов и выражений по темам.
Аудиокурс включает записи некоторых текстов и диалогов, отмеченных в учебнике специальным знаком ○.
Работа над пособием распределялась следующим образом:
Составление вводных текстов и заданий к ним (за исключением уроков 3,4, 6); подбор и обработка текстов из художественной литературы (за исключением уроков 3, 7); разработка системы фонетических и частично лексических упражнений к урокам 1—10; разработка уроков 5, 10, включая подбор дополнительных текстов и составление тематического словаря; общее методическое руководство и редактирование — Е. М. Меркулова. Разработка уроков 1,7 и частично 10, включая подбор дополнительных текстов; составление тематического словаря к уроку 1 — О. Е. Филимонова. Разработка уроков 4, 9, включая составление вводного текста и заданий к нему в уроке 4; а также подбор дополнительных текстов и составление тематического словаря к урокам 4, 9 — С. И. Костыгина. Разработка уроков 3, 6, включая составление вводных текстов и заданий к ним, подбор дополнительных текстов и составление тематического словаря — Ю. А. Иванова. Разработка уроков 2, 8, включая подбор дополнительных текстов и составление тематического словаря — Л. В. Папанова.
Коллектив авторов выражает искреннюю благодарность: декану факультета иностранных языков РГПУ им. А. И. Герцена В. Н. Бычкову за поддержку проекта;
преподавателям кафедры фонетики английского языка, участвовавшим в апробации и оказавшим неоценимую помощь в процессе работы;
Ю. В.. Романову и Л. В. Власовой за помощь в осуществлении компьютерного набора;
студентам, обучавшимся на первом курсе английского отделения в 1995—1998 гг. и участвовавшим в апробации;
преподавателям М. В. Лисенко и Е. Т. Сысоевой за помощь в поиске текстов к урокам 5, 6;
а также всем остальным коллегам, в той или иной мере способствовавшим созданию учебного комплекса.
Авторы
Lesson 1 FAMILY LIFE
INTRODUCTORY READING AND TALK
Marriage
is a thing which only a rare person in his or her life avoids. True bachelors
and spinsters
make up only a small percent of the population; most single people
are "alone but not lonely".
Millions of others get married
because of the fun of family life.
And it is fan, if one takes it with a sense of humour.
There's a lot of fun in falling in love
with someone and chasing the prospective fiancee,
which means dating
and going out
with the candidate. All the relatives (parents, grandparents
and great-grandparents, brothers
and sisters, cousins, aunts
and uncles, nieces
and nephews, stepmothers
and stepfathers
and all in-laws)
meanwhile have the fan of criticizing your choice and giving advice. The trick here is not to listen to them but propose to
your bride-to-be
and somehow get her to accept your proposal.
Then you may arrange the engagement
and fix the day of the wedding.
What fun it is to get all those things, whose names start with the word "wedding" — dress, rings, cars, flowers, cakes,
etc.! It's great fun to pay for them.
It's fun for the bride
and the groom
to escape from the guests and go on a honeymoon trip,
especially if it is a wedding present
from the parents. The guests remain with the fun of gossiping whether you married for love or for money.
It's fan to return back home with the idea that the person you are married to
is somewhat different from the one you knew. But there is no time to think about it because you are newly-weds
and you expect a baby.
There is no better fan for a husband than
taking his wife
to a maternity home
alone and bringing her back with the twins
or triplets.
And this is where the greatest fan starts: washing the new-born's nappies
and passing away sleepless nights, earning money to keep the family, taking children to kindergarten
and later to school.
By all means it's fan to attend parents' meetings
and to learn that your children take after you
and don't do well at school.
The bigger your children grow, the more they resemble
you outwardly and the less they display likeness with you inwardly. And you start grumbling at them
and discussing with your old friends the problem of the "generation gap".
What fan!
And when at last you and your grey-haired spouse
start thinking that your family life has calmed down, you haven't divorced
but preserved your union,
the climax of your fan bursts out!
One of your dearest offsprings
brings a long-legged blonde to your house and says that he wants to marry. And you think: 'Why do people ever get married?'
1. Choose one of the names in the family tree below and say how the person is related to other people. Note that the pictures of marriage partners are connected with wedding rings.
►Pattern:
William Luke is Leon Luke's son, Philip Smith's nephew and Laura White's grandson
.
2. Make up your family tree and speak about your family.
3. Work in pairs and talk. Imagine that:
a) you are speaking with a distant relative trying to find out what relation you are to one another;
b) you show your family album to your friend and answer all his or her questions.
○
TEXT
A Marriage of Convenience
(Story by W. S. Maugham. Abridged.)
I left Bangkok on a shabby little ship. I had gone on board early in the morning and soon discovered that I was thrown amid the oddest collection of persons I had ever encountered. There were two French traders and a Belgian colonel, an Italian tenor, the American proprietor of a circus with his wife, and a retired French official with his.
The French official had been accompanied on board by the French minister at Bangkok, one or two secretaries and a prince of a royal family. He was evidently a person of consequence.1
I had heard the captain address him as Monsieur le Gouverneur.
Monsieur le Gouverneur was a little man, well below the average height, and smally made, with a very ugly little face; he had a bushy grey head, bushy grey eyebrows, and a bushy grey moustache. He did look a little like a poodle2
and he had the poodle's soft, intelligent and shining eyes.
The Governor's wife was a large woman, tall and of a robust build. She towered over her diminutive husband like a skyscraper over a shack. He talked incessantly, with vivacity and wit, and when he said anything amusing her heavy features relaxed into a large fond smile.
In such a small ship having once made the acquaintance of my fellow passengers, it would have been impossible, even had I wished it, not to pass with them every moment of the day that I was not in my cabin.
Talking of one thing and another we watched the day decline, we dined, and then we sat out again on deck under the stars. Soon, influenced perhaps by the night, the Italian tenor, accompanying himself on his guitar began to sing. He had the real Italian voice, and he sang the Neapolitan songs.
I saw that the little French Governor had been holding the hand of his large wife and the sight was absurd and touching.
'Do you know that this is the anniversary of the day on which I first saw my wife?' he said, suddenly breaking the silence. 'It is also the anniversary of the day on which she promised to be my wife. And, which will surprise you, they were one and the same.'
'You see, ours was a marriage of convenience pure and simple.'3
'C'est vrai,'4
said the lady. 'But sometimes love comes after marriage and not before, and then it is better. It lasts longer.'
'You see, I had been in the navy, and when I retired I was forty-nine. I was strong and active and I was very anxious to find an occupation. And presently I was sent for by the minister to the Colonies and offered the post of Governor in a certain colony. The minister told me that I must be ready to start in a month. I told him that would be easy for an old bachelor.'
'You are a bachelor?'
'Certainly,' I answered.
'In that case I am afraid I must withdraw my offer. For this position it is essential that you should be married.'
'It is too long a story to tell you, but the gist of it was that owing to the scandal my predecessor had caused, it had been decided that the next Governor must be a model of respectability. I expostulated. I argued. Nothing would serve. The minister was adamant.'
'Well, think it over/ said the minister. 'If you can find a wife in a month you can go, but no wife no job.'
I walked away from the ministry with death in my heart.5
Suddenly I made up my mind.6
I walked to the offices of the Figaro, composed an advertisement, and handed it in for insertion. You will never believe it, but I had four thousand three hundred and seventy-two replies. It was an avalanche. It was hopeless, I had less than a month now and I could not see over four thousand aspirants to my hand in that time. I gave it up as a bad job.7
I went out of my room hideous with all those photographs and littered papers and to drive care away8
went on to the boulevard and sat down at the Cafe de la Paix. After a time I saw a friend passing. My friend stopped and coming up to me sat down.
'What is making you lookso glum?' he asked me.
I was glad to havesomeone in whom I could confide my troubles and told him the whole story. He laughed. Controlling his mirth as best he could, he said to me: 'But, my dear fellow, do you really want to marry?' At this I entirely lost my temper.9
'You are completely idiotic,' I said. 'If I did not want to marry, do you imagine that I should have spent three days reading love letters from women I have never set eyes on?'10
'Calm yourself and listen to me,' he replied. 'I have a cousin who lives in Geneva. She is Swiss. Her morals are without reproach, she is of a suitable age, a spinster, for she has spent the last fifteen years nursing an invalid mother who has lately died, she is well educated and she is not ugly.'
'There is one thing you forget. What inducement would there be for her to give up her accustomed life to accompany in exile a man of forty-nine who is by no means a beauty?'
When I made this remark to my friend he replied: 'One can never tell with women.11
There is something about marriage that wonderfully attracts them. There would be no harm in asking her. '
'But I do not know your cousin and I don't see how I am to make her acquaintance.'
'I will tell you what to do,' said my friend. 'Go to Geneva and take her a box of chocolates from me. You can have a little talk and then if you do not like the look of her you take your leave and no harm is done.'
That night I took the train to Geneva. No sooner had I arrived than I sent her a letter to say that I was the bearer of a gift from her cousin. Within an hour I received her reply to the effect that she would be pleased to receive me at four o'clock in the afternoon. As the clock struck four I presented myself at the door other house. She was waiting for me.
Imagine my surprise to see a young woman with the dignity of Juno, the features of Venus, and in her expression the intelligence of Minerva. I was so taken aback that I nearly dropped the box of chocolates. We talked for a quarter of an hour. And then I said to her.
'Mademoiselle,12
1 must tell you that I did not come here merely to give you a box of chocolates. I came to ask you to do me the honour of marrying me.'
She gave a start.13
'But, monsieur, you are mad,' she said.
Then I repeated my offer.
'I will not deny that your offer has come as a surprise. I had not thought of marrying, I have passed the age. I must consult my friends and my family.'
'What have they got to do with it? You are of full age. The matter is pressing. I cannot wait. '
'You are not asking me to say yes or no this very minute? That is outrageous.'
'That is exactly what I am asking.'
'You are quite evidently a lunatic.'
'Well, which is it to be? ' I said. 'Yes or no?'
She shrugged her shoulders. She waited a minute and I was on tenterhooks.14
'Yes.'
And there she is. We were married in a fortnight and I became Governor of a colony. 'I married a jewel, my dear sirs, one in a thousand.'
He turned to the Belgian colonel.
'Are you a bachelor? If so I strongly recommend you to go to Geneva. It is a nest of the most adorable young women.'
It was she who summed up the story.
'The fact is that in a marriage of convenience you expect less and so you are less likely to be disappointed. Passion is all very well,15
but it is not a proper foundation for marriage. For two people to be happy in marriage they must be able to respect one another, and their interests must be alike; then if they are decent people and are willing to give and take, to live and let live, there is no reason why their union should not be as happy as ours.' She paused. 'But, of course, my husband is a very remarkable man.'
Proper Name
s
William Somerset Maugham [wIlj@m 'söm@set 'mþm] — Уильям Сомерсег Моэм
Bangkok [b{Î'kÁk] — Бангкок
Belgian [bеld³@n] — бельгиец
Monsieur le Gourvemeur [mÆ:'sjÆ: l@ ,güv@r'nÆ:r] (French) — мсье губернатор
Neapolitan [nI@'pÁlIt@n] — неаполитанский
Figaro ["fIg@'r@U] — Фигаро (Прим.: популярная французская газета)
Cafe de la Paix ['k{feI d@l@'рe:]— кафе де ля Пэ
Geneva [³I'nÖv@] — Женева
Juno ['³u:n@U] (Latin) — Юнона (Прим.: супруга Юпитера, богиня брака)
Venus ['vÖn@s] (Latin) — Венера (Прим.: богиня любви и красоты)
Minerva [mI'nÆ:v@] (Latin) — Минерва (Прим.: богиня мудрости)
Vocabulary Notes
1. ... a person of consequence. — ... важная персона.
2. He did look a little like a poodle... — Очень уж он был похож на пуделя ... (Прим.: В данном случае имеет место так называемая эмфатическая, т.е. усилительная конструкция. В обычную структуру утвердительного предложения вводится вспомогательный глагол. При переводе подобных конструкции на русский употребляются слова типа «именно», «уж», «очень» и т. п. Подобные конструкции неоднократно встречаются в текстах данного учебника).
3. Ours was a marriage of convenience pure and simple. — Наш брак был, без сомнения, браком по расчёту.
4. C'est vrai [se: 'vre:] (French) — Верно.
5. ... with death in my heart. — ... с тяжёлым сердцем.
6. Suddenly I made up my mind. — Неожиданно у меня созрело решение.
7. I gave it up as a bad job. — Я бросил это безнадёжное дело.
8. ... to drive care away ... — ... чтобы развеяться ...
9. At this I entirely lost my temper. — И тут я совсем вышел из себя.
10. ... from women I have never set eyes on? — ... от женщин, которых я в глаза не видел?
11. One can never tell with women. — Кто их разберёт, женщин.
12. mademoiselle ["m{d@mw@'zel] — мадемуазель
13. She gave a start. —Она вздрогнула.
14. ... I was on tenterhooks. — ... я был как на иголках.
15. Passion is all very well, but... — Страсть — это прекрасно, но ...
Comprehension Check
1. What kind of people were there on board the ship?
2. How did the author guess that the Governor was a person of con sequence?
3. What did the Governor and his wife look like?
4. How did it happen that the Governor started telling his story?
5. What impulse did the Governor have to marry?
6. Why was it essential for the next Governor to be married?
7. What did the Governor suddenly decide to do?
8. What kind of response did the Governor get after he had handed in the advertisement?
9. Why did he give up reading letters?
10. Where did the Governor meet his friend?
11. What did his friend suggest?
12. Did the Governor agree to follow his advice? How?
13. What impression did the lady produce upon the Governor?
14. What reaction did the lady have to his proposal?
15. Was the Governor persistent? Support your opinion.
16. What happened in the end?
17. What piece of advice did the Governor give to the Belgian colonel?
18. How did the lady sum up the story?
Phonetic Text Drills
○ Exercise 1
Transcribe and pronounce correctly the words given below.
To encounter, colonel, tenor, proprietor, to accompany, consequence, moustache, diminutive, skyscraper, guitar, convenience, to withdraw, predecessor, to expostulate, adamant, avalanche, aspirant, hideous, boulevard, inducement, exile, quarter, outrageous, lunatic, adorable, to pause.
○ Exercise 2
Pronounce the words or phases where the following clusters occur.
1. plosive + plosive
Left Bangkok, had gone, had been, not to pass, watched, not before, should be, had caused, must be, bad job, sat down, remark to, dropped, must consult, got to do, shrugged, respect.
2. plosive + 1
Little, evidently, did look, poodle, husband like, decline, hopeless, glad, suitable, lately, accustomed life, replied, likely, let live, remarkable.
3. plosive + r
Trader, proprietor, secretaries, grey, eyebrows, skyscraper, promised, hundred, photographs, drive, troubles, controlling, reproach, struck, presented, expression, outrageous, proper.
4. plosive + m/n
Told me, could not, confide my troubles, invalid mother, about marriage, did not, had not, should not.
5. consonant + w
Sight was, ours was, must withdraw, it was, did not want, is well, tell with women, was waiting, that wonderfully attracts.
Exercise 3
Say what kind of false assimilation one should avoid in the following custers.
Was thrown, had heard, wife was, is the anniversary, was strong, was sent, is something, was so, is pressing, was she.
○ Exercise 4
I. Listen to the following sentences with enumeration. Pronounce after the announcer, transcribe and intone the sentences.
There were 'two 'French /traders | and a 'Belgian /colonel, | an I'talian /tenor, | the A'merican proprietor of a 'circus with his/wife, | and a re'tired 'French official with \his. ||
The 'French official had been accompanied on /board by the 'French 'minister at Bang/kok, | one or two /secretaries | and a 'prince of a 'royal \family. ||
Talking of 'one 'thing and a/nother | we 'watched the 'day de/cline, | we /dined, | and 'then we 'sat 'out a'gain on 'deck under the \stairs. ||
II. Find other sentences with enumeration in the text and read them aloud.
EXERCISES
Exercise 1
Find in the text words similar in meaning to the following:
Nouns:
A human being, an owner, a statesman, getting to know someone, the celebration of a date, a single man, a post, bad public gossip, a person who strives for getting something, a single lady, stimulus, a present, a madman, a precious stone.
Verbs:
To meet by chance, to travel together with somebody, to call somebody, to cease employment, to take back, to protest, to give to somebody, to finish abruptly, to ask for advice, to give instructions, to summarize.
Adjectives:
In bad condition, bad-looking, full-bodied, tiny, tender, silly, firm, appropriate, urgent, admirable, good enough, moving.
Exercise 2
Explain in other words the following phrases.
To confide troubles, to lose temper, without reproach, of a suitable age, to nurse somebody, to be taken aback, to do someone the honour of marrying him, to be on tenterhooks, to give a start, to come as a surprise, to pass the age, to be of full age, a proper foundation for marriage, a person of consequence, an aspirant to someone's hand, to be adamant, a marriage of convenience.
Exercise 3
Find in the text the English equivalents for the following Russian words and phrases.
A.
Брак по расчёту; годовщина; составить объявление; претендент(ка) на чью-либо руку; поделиться с кем-либо своими проблемами; любовное послание; подходящего возраста; незамужняя женщина; преподнести коробку конфет от чьего-либо имени; оказать честь выйти замуж; выйти из определённого возраста; быть совершеннолетним; один на тысячу; страсть — это прекрасно, но...; хорошая основа для брака; быть счастливым в браке; уважать друг друга; союз.
В.
Сопровождать; важная персона; обращаться к кому-либо; намного ниже среднего роста; возвышаться над кем-либо; познакомиться; говорить о том, о сём; на палубе; нарушить тишину; служить во флоте; ничего не помогало; решить; развеяться; изо всех сил; выйти из себя; в глаза не видеть кого-либо;никоим образом; быть удивлённым; уронить; вздрогнуть; дело безотлагательное; по
жать плечами;быть как на иголках;очень рекомендовать; закончить рассказ.
Exercise 4
Find in the text sentences with the following expressions and read them aloud. Translate them into Russian and let your classmates translate them back into English without a textbook.
to tower over somebody,
with death in one's heart,
to find an occupation,
to lose one's temper,
to relax into a smile,
to be ready to start in a month,
to control one's mirth,
to make up one's mind,
to withdraw one's offer,
to set eyes on somebody,
to be by no means a beauty,
to come as a surprise,
to be on tenterhooks,
no harm to be done,
to get to do with something,
to be less likely.
Exercise 5
Complete the sentences the way the author puts it in the text.
1. Passion is all very well, but...
2. I had gone on board early in the morning and soon discov ered that...
3. The Governor's wife was a large woman, tall and ...
4. I saw that the little French Governor had been holding ...
5. 'You see, ours was a marriage ...'
6. In that case I am afraid I must withdraw ...
7. It is too long a story to tell you, but ...
8. I walked to the offices of Figaro ...
9. You will never believe it but ...
10. I was glad to have someone to whom I could ...
11. Her morals are without reproach, she is of...
12. One can never tell with women. There is something about marriage ...
13. If you do not like the look of her...
14. I was so taken aback that...
15. I came to ask you
16. I will not deny ...
17. The fact is that in a marriage
Exercise 6
Express the same idea using different wording and grammar.
1. Ours was a marriage of convenience pure and simple.
2. But sometimes love comes after marriage and not before, and then it is better. It lasts longer.
3. I was strong and active and I was very anxious to find an occupation.
4. I told him that would be easy for an old bachelor.
5. I expostulated. I argued. Nothing would serve.
6. I had four thousand and three hundred and seventy-two re plies. It was an avalanche.
7. I gave it up as a bad job.
8. What is making you look so glum?
9. What inducement would there be for her to give up her ac customed life to accompany in exile a man of forty-nine who is by no means a beauty?
10. There would be no harm in asking her.
11. If you do not like the look of her you take your leave and no harm is done.
12. Within an hour I received her reply to the effect that she would be pleased to receive me at four o'clock in the afternoon.
13. I was so taken aback that I nearly dropped the box of chocolates.
14. You are of full age. The matter is pressing. I cannot wait.
15. For two people to be happy in marriage they must be able to respect one another, and their interests must be alike; then if they are decent people and willing to give and take, to live and let live, there is no reason why their union should not be as happy as ours.
Exercise 7
Translate the following verbal phrases into Russian. Mind the difference in the use of prepositions in the two languages if any.
1. To consult somebody, to address somebody, to pass the age, to shrug one's shoulders, to encounter somebody, to many somebody, to nurse somebody.
2. To sum up, to be taken aback, to give up, to hand in, to sit down, to come up.
Exercise 8
Put in the missing prepositions or postpositions if necessary.
1. I felt deep sorrow and wanted to confide my troubles ... somebody.
2. The children were so much taken ... that they could not speak for a while; then they decided to think it... .
3. You don't need to consult ... anybody, you have already passed ... the age when people depend on others.
4. The best way to drive care ... is to sit... a cafe.
5. One never knows how to address ... young ladies — Miss or Mrs.
6. A lot of people have never set eyes ... skyscrapers.
7. The lady at the table shrugged ... her shoulders and sent... the waiter.
8. Not everyone has enough tolerance to nurse ... elderly people but those who have, never give it... .
9. I encountered ... my old friend in the street, we went to a cafe and talked ... so many things.
10. The most difficult thing for a young author is to hand ... his manuscript to the editor.
11. Younger people are easily influenced ... all sorts of things they see or hear.
12. When the lady was pleased her lips relaxed ... a smile.
13. Quite often the students are asked to sum ... the story.
14. The tenor sang and his assistant accompanied him ... the guitar.
Exercise 9
Translate the sentences into English using the vocabulary of the text.
1. Кто сможет в сорок лет отказаться от привычной жизни и уехать куда-нибудь далеко, чтобы начать всё сначала?
2. Я думаю, не будет никакого вреда, если мы подробно обо всём поговорим.
3. Я прошу ответить сию секунду.
4. Хотя мне хотелось чем-нибудь заняться и мне предложили хорошую работу, я всё же не был готов начать через день.
5. Говорят, Наполеон был намного ниже среднего роста.
6. Решение пришло неожиданно. Я ушел и отправился побродить, чтобы развеяться.
7. Союз двух людей не сбудет счастливым, если они не уважают друг друга.
8. В этой семье каждый год празднуют годовщину свадьбы.
9. Смотреть на супругов, проживших вместе пятьдесят лет — это трогательное зрелище.
10. В этом доме всегда с радостью принимают гостей.
11. Я очень рекомендую Вам отправиться в путешествие на корабле.
12. Спустя какое-то время ко мне подошёл старый приятель.
13. Подавая брачные объявления в газету, люди чаще всего ищут партнёров подходящего возраста.
14. Кто их разберёт, женщин? Они всё делают по-своему.
15. Изо всех сил стараясь сдержать смех, дама в ответ просто пожала плечами.
Exercise 10
Dramatize the dialogues between:
1. the narrator and the French Governor;
2. the minister and the prospective Governor;
3. the prospective Governor and his friend;
4. the prospective Governor and his future wife.
Exercise 11
Retell the Governor's story:
1. in the third person;
2. in the person of the Governor;
3. in the person of the Governor's wife;
4. in the person of the Governor's friend.
Exercise 12
Discussion points.
1. What do you think of the main characters — the Governor and his wife?
2. The characters' appearances are so different. Is it a plus or a minus?
3. Does their story sound true to life, in your opinion? Prove your point.
4. Was it really a marriage of convenience? Could it be a case of love at first sight?
5. Are you for or against marriages of convenience?
6. Do you think acquaintance services and marriage advertisements can be of help?
Exercise 13
Express your opinion about the following words of the characters in the text.
'But sometimes love comes after marriage and not before, and then it is better. It lasts longer.'
'One can never tell with women. There is something about marriage that wonderfully attracts them.'
'For two people to be happy in marriage they must be able to respect one another, and their interests must be alike ...'
Exercise 14
1. The Governor's wife had been a spinster and he had been a bachelor before they married. What other terms do you know to denote the marital status of a person? Consult the Topical Vocabulary.
an unmarried person —
a person, having a spouse —
a person, who divorced his or her spouse —
2. The characters' marriage is called "a marriage of convenience". What other types of marriages do you know?
marriage, when people love each other —
marriage of people who are distantly related —
marriage of people with different social status —
3. The Governor and his wife celebrated the anniversary of their wedding. Do you know what we call the most often celebrated anniversaries?
25 years of family life —
50 years of family life —
75 years of family life —
Exercise 15
Imagine the following situation. Your parents have chosen a mate for you. They insist that you should marry the person they have found. How would you react? What do you think of arranged marriages in India and other oriental countries? Can an arranged marriage work?
Use the following expressions:
It is all very well, but...
One can never tell with ...
What have/has they/it got to do with ...
There would be no harm in ...
I don't see how ...
Imagine my surprise to ...
Even had I wished it ...
No wife, no ...
Exercise 16
Read the following short passage and compare the wedding traditions in Russia and Great Britain. Say what is different and what they have in common. Speak about interesting wedding ceremonies in other countries.
Wedding Superstitions
In England the wedding preparations, ceremony and feast have all become loaded with ritual practices to ward off evil and bless the marriage with fortune and fertility.
The choice of date is important. May is traditionally unlucky for weddings. The tradition that the bride's parents should pay for the wedding dates from two or three centuries ago, when wealthy families would pay an eligible bachelor to take an unmarried daughter off their hands in exchange for a large dowry. At most formal weddings, brides still get married in vilginal white — many other colours are considered unlucky.
A bride will also ensure that her wedding outfit includes "something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue". "Old" maintains her link with the past; "new" symbolizes the future; "borrowed" gives her a link with the present; and "blue" symbolizes her purity.
Even a modem bride will observe the taboos about wearing her dress before the ceremony. The groom mustn't see her in it until she enters the church. The veil should be put on for the first time as she leaves for the church.
It's a lucky omen if the bride should see a chimney sweep on her way to church. Sometimes a sweep is paid to attend the ceremony and kiss the bride - a relic of the idea that soot and ashes are symbols of fertility.
After the ceremony, the couple are showered with confetti. One old custom was for the bride and sometimes the groom to negotiate some obstacle as they left the church — guests would impede them with ropes of flowers, for example, or with sticks that had to be jumped over.
After that the bride is faced with the feast. The most important item is the wedding cake, whose richness symbolizes fertility, just as it has done since Roman times. Today, the first slice is cut by the bride to ensure a fruitful marriage.
(from "Reader's Digest")
Exercise 17
Agree or disagree with the following statements. Give your reasons.
1. The husband should be more intelligent than the wife.
2. Spouses should be alike.
3. Money often keeps people together.
4. Marriage should be compulsory for everybody.
5. The best wife is a housewife.
6. The marriage contract is incompatible with romantic love.
► Use:
For agreement:
I couldn't agree more ...
That's just what I was thinking...
You know, that's exactly what
I think...
I agree entirely...
That's a good point ...
For disagreement:
Yes, that's quite true, but...
I'm not sure I quite agree ...
Perhaps, but don't you think
that ...
Well, you have a point there,
but...
I see what you mean, but,..
For more categorical and informal disagreement:
I can't agree with you there.
You can't be serious!
Come off it!
Don't be so silly!
Exercise 18
Bring pictures of your close or distant relatives. Show them to the class. Tell the class about a memorable event in the life of your relatives.
Exercise 19
Make up a list of positive and negative sides of family life. Compare your lists with those of your classmates. Comment on the results.
Exercise 20
I. Translate the text.
Я ищу себе жену. Какой она должна быть?
Я не требую от неё интересной внешности. Пусть у неё будет только стройная фигура и красивое лицо.
Она должна быть весёлой, когда я шучу. И шутить, когда я прихожу домой навеселе.
Меня не интересует её жилплощадь. Главное — чтобы она была большая.
Не интересует меня и её зарплата. Лишь бы она была больше моей.
А вот расходы на свадьбу — поровну; половину внесёт она, а другую — её родители.
Я уверен: когда мы поженимся, у нас появятся общие интересы. Если, например, она не захочет идти со мной на футбол, то мы останемся дома и будем смотреть по телевизору хоккей.
Я буду заботиться о её здоровье. Чтобы к ней не попадало спиртное, табачное, мучное и сладкое, я буду всё это уничтожать сам.
Она будет у меня одеваться как богиня: просто и недорого.
Я возьму на себя часть её работы, если, конечно, она возьмёт на себя всю мою.
Мне не важно, как она будет готовить. Лишь бы это было вкусно. И необязательно, чтобы это была только русская кухня. Здесь у неё полная свобода: сегодня кухня грузинская, а завтра — венгерская утром и китайская вечером.
Я ищу себе жену.
Я готов отдать ей полжизни, если она отдаст мне свою целиком.
Если её не будут удовлетворять мои требования, пусть ищет себе нового мужа.
Вот уже много лет я ищу себе жену.
(из "Литературной Газеты")
II. Say what you think of this man looking for an ideal wife. Does he strike you as an ideal husband?
Exercise 21
Study the following marriage advertisements and write one of your own.
1. Red-haired green-eyed lovely lady 33, busy social life, lots of friends, is looking for a special man to love and marry with style, sense of fun and who is likely to enjoy the same.
2. Cheerful professional female, 30, seeks intelligent humorous, preferably tall male (similar age) for hopefully long-term relationship.
3. Tall, generously constructed attractive woman (36) graduate professional keen on history, music, smoking seeks tall, attractive, cultured man for friendship, perhaps more.
4. Non-boring accountant (39), divorced with two (b + g)*children in house — seeks lady in similar circumstances. Object: to live life to the full.
* b + g—boy+girl.
5. Workaholic professional seeks good woman 25—40 to cure him. 5.5'11",* unattached, non-smoker, likes travel, languages, music, theatre, sailing, flying. Photograph appreciated.
* 5.5'11''' — five and a half feet, eleven inches.
6. Professional male, 24, tall, cheerful, presentable, solvent seeks female for caring and lasting relationship.
Exercise 22
Make up dialogues discussing the following problems:
1. Teenage marriage.
2. Leadership in the family.
3. Marriage contracts and romantic love.
4. Divorce and one-parent families.
5. A white wedding or no wedding?
You can start your dialogues with the following expressions:
Would you agree that...
Do you think it's right to say that...
Ask your classmates to explain their point of view more precisely by saying:
I didn't quite follow what you were saying about ...
I don't quite see what you are getting at, I am afraid.
If you need to rephrase your own statement, say:
Let me put it another way.
Sorry, let me explain.
That's not quite what I meant.
Exercise 23
Look at the excerpts from some letters to friends and imagine how they can be finished.
Exercise 24
Match the English idioms in the left column with their Russian equivalents in the right column. Use them in a proper context.
1. a maiden name А. маменькин сынок
2. extremes meetВ. быть под каблуком
3. a mother's boyС. с глаз долой, из сердца вон
4. to be out of hand D. строить глазки
5. to be under smb.'s thumbЕ. блудный сын
6. out of sight, out of mindF. плоть и кровь
7. to make eyes at smb.G. жить как кошка с собакой
8. the prodigal sonН. отбиться от рук
9. one's own flesh and bloodI. девичья фамилия
10. to lead a cat and a dog lifeJ. противоположности сходятся
Exercise 25
Explain the meanings of the proverbs given below. Make up five-sentence stories of your own to highlight their meanings.
1. Marriages arc made in heaven.
2. Faint heart never won a fair maiden.
3. Birds of a feather flock together.
5. Every family has a skeleton in the cupboard.
6. Spare the rod and spoil the child.
7. When children stand still they have done some ill.
8. Like father like son.
9. A good husband makes a good wife.
10. He that would the daughter win, must with the mother first begin.
11. A tree is known by its fruit.
Exercise 26
Translate the following quotations and comment upon them.
'Though women are angels, yet wedlock is the devil.'
George Gordon Byron
'The dread of loneliness is greater than the fear of bondage, so we get married.'
Cyril Connolty
'Every woman should many — and no man.'
Benjamin Disraeli
'Keep your eyes wide open before marriage, half shut after.'
Benjamin Franklin
'A man should be taller, older, heavier, uglier, and hoarser than his wife.'
Edgar Watson Howe
'Marrying a man is like buying something you've been admiring for a long time in a shop window. You may love it when you get it home, but it does not always go with everything else in the house.'
Jean Kerr
'An ideal wife is any woman who has an ideal husband.'
Booth Tarkington
Exercise 27
Role-Play "Handing in Marriage Advertisements".
Setting:
The office of the "Lonely Hearts Column" of a popular magazine.
Situation:
Diferent people come to the office and leave their advertisements. The journalists give advice on how to write an advertisement for the acquaintance service.
Characters:
Card I — Amanda, a 16 year-old girl who wants to get acquainted with a "blue-eyed prince" or a pop star.
Card II — Miranda, the girl's older female friend who tries to talk her out of writing the advertisement.
Card III — Belinda, a middle-aged woman who is a frequenter of the "Lonely Hearts Column" because her expectations of the financial position of her prospective fiance are too high.
Card IV — Donald, a very shy young man.
Card V — Ronald, an old bachelor.
Card VI — Archibald, a divorcee with 3 children.
Card VII—VIII — Millard and Lynda, a couple who are happily married thanks to the "Lonely Hearts Column" and who came to thank the journalist for his/her help and to share the news that they are expecting a baby.
Card IX—X — Harold and Brenda, a young man and a young woman who fall in love at first sight and decide to get married. They wish to publish the announcement of their wedding instead of the advertisements which they have brought to the magazine.
Card XI—XII — the journalist who give advice on writing marriage advertisements.*
* Cards with roles are handed out to the students. The students are supposed to think of the details of the dialogues in the role-play they are going to enact.
WRITING
Exercise 1
Prepare to write a dictation. Learn the spelling of the italicized words from Introductory Reading
and the words from exercise 1 on page 15.
Exercise 2
Prepare a written translation of the following text:
По мнению многих сегодняшних мужчин, идеальная жена должна обладать следующими качествами: хозяйственностью, верностью, внешней привлекательностью, добротой, снисходительностью, опрятностью. А как должен вести себя обходительный муж? Вот некоторые из современных правил этикета.
1. Муж должен подавать пальто жене, причем как дома, так и в общественном месте.
2. Муж не должен читать во время еды за общим столом.
3. Вопреки взглядам, что обычай целовать женщине руку устарел, жене в порядке исключения можно и даже нужно целовать руку.
4. На дружеской вечеринке первый танец принадлежит жене. Отступить от этого правила можно лишь в исключительных случаях.
5. Муж должен всегда обращать внимание на новое платье жены, говорить ей по этому поводу что-нибудь приятное и вообще не скупиться на комплименты.
6. Муж должен делать жене подарки даже без особого повода, преподносить ей время от времени цветы.
7. Муж не должен заглядываться на других женщин в присутствии жены.
8. Муж не должен ходить по квартире неопрятно одетым.
9. Муж должен благодарить жену за вкусный обед.
10. Муж должен иногда спрашивать жену, что она сделала в его отсутствие, в общем, разговаривать с женой не только о делах. Но, как сказал один старик, если жена не разговаривает с вами весь выходной, значит, ей есть что сказать.
(из "Литературной Газеты ")
Exercise 3
Write a composition on one of the following topics. Discuss your compositions in class.
1. Families with Many Children Versus Families with One Child.
2. The Effect of Divorce on Children.
3. Grandparents. A Blessing or a Burden?
4. How to Bridge the Generation Gap.
5. The Ideal Family of the Future.
Note:
In England the practice of setting out written work varies considerably, but college and university students are expected to present their written works neatly and in accordance with certain basic standards.
Students draw a margin on the left-hand side of each page, about three centimetres wide usually in pencil. The margin is left free for the teacher's marking.
The date is usually written in the top right-hand comer, and often underlined. If the day of the week is included, it is always put at the beginning (e.g. 1 September, 1999 or: Monday, 1st. September).
The title of the composition is usually written in the middle of the page, often on the line below the date. Sometimes it is put on the left, against the margin. The first word of a heading and all the following words except articles and prepositions should be written with a capital letter.
Each paragraph should be indented, which means that it should begin a little way in from the margin.
Present your composition in the following form.
Lesson 2 HOME
INTRODUCTORY READING AND TALK
Home, sweet home. It does not matter what your home is like — a country mansion,
a more modest detached
or semi-detached house,
a flat
in a block of flats
or even a room
in a communal flat.
Anyway, it is the place where you once move in
and start to f
urnish
and decorate
it to your own taste. It becomes your second "ego".
Your second "ego" is very big and disquieting if you have a house. There is enough space
for everything: a hall,
a kitchen
with an adjacent dining-room,
a living-room
or a lounge,
a couple of bedrooms
and closets (storerooms), a toilet
and a bathroom.
You can walk slowly around the house
thinking what else you can do to renovate
it. In the hall you cast a glance at the coatrack
and a chest of drawers for shoes.
Probably, nothing needs to be changed here.
You come to the kitchen: kitchen furniture, kitchen utensils,
a refridgerator (fridge)
with a freezer,
a dishdrainer,
an electric
or gas cooker
with an oven.
Maybe, it needs a cooker hood?
The dining-room is lovely. A big dining table
with chairs
in the centre, a cupboard
with tea sets
and dinner sets.
There is enough place to keep all cutlery and crockery in.
You know
pretty well where things go.
The spacious
living-room is the heart of the house. It is the place where you can have a chance to see the rest of your family. They come in the evening to sit around the coffee
table in soft armchairs
and on the sofa
. You look at the wall units
, stuffed with china
, crystal
and books. Some place is left for a stereo system
and a TV
set
. A fireplace
and houseplants
make the living-room really cosy
.
Your bedroom is your private area though most bedrooms are alike: a single
or a double bed,
a wardrobe,
one or two bedside tables
and a dressing-table.
You look inside the bathroom: a sink, hot
and cold taps
and a bath.
There is nothing to see in the toilet except a flush-toilet.
You are quite satisfied with what you have seen, but still doubt disturbs you: 'Is there anything to change?' Yes! The walls of the rooms should be papered,
and in the bathroom and toilet — tiled!
Instead of linoleum
there should be parquet floors.
Instead of patterned curtains
it is better to put darker plain
ones, so that they might not show the dirt.
You do it all, but doubt does not leave you. Then you start moving
the furniture around
in the bedroom, because the dressing-table blocks out the light.
You are ready to give a sigh of relief, but... suddenly find out that the lounge is too crammed up with furniture.
Those who live in one-room or two-room flats
may feel pity for those who live in houses. They do not have such problems. At the same time they have a lot of privileges: central heating, running water, a refuse-chute
and... nice neighbours
who like to play music at midnight. Owners
of small flats are happy to have small problems and they love their homes
no less than those who live in three-storeyed palaces.
Home, sweet home.
1. What category of owners does your family belong to?
2. Say what else one can see In a hall, a kitchen, a dining room, a lounge, a bedroom.
3. Look at the plan of a flat and decide how you would arrange it. Discuss with the classmates what you would buy to furnish it. Make use of the phrases below:
Let's ... in the middle
What about putting ... in the far end of the room
What do you think of... in the right corner by ...
I think we should ... in the left comer at...
Shall we ... on the right
Perhaps the best thing would be to ... on the left
Everybody puts ... beside
Well, couldn't we ... near
Why don't we ... (just) opposite
4. Do you have a room of your own? Is there anything special about it?
○ TEXT
Clara in the Denhams' House.
(Extract from the book by Margaret Drabble "Jerusalem the Golden ". Abridged)
The Denhams' house was semi-detached. It was a large, tall, four-storeyed building, on one of the steep hillsides of Highgate. In front of the building was a large paved courtyard. It was separated from the pavement by a high, elaborate, wrought iron fence,1
the gate of which stood open.
The door of the Denhams' house was painted black, and it was solid, and heavily panelled,2
in the centre of the middle panel there was a lion's head with a brass ring in its mouth. There was also a bell, and Clara chose the bell. The door was opened by a thin, brown, balding, youngish looking man.
'I've come to see Clelia,' said Clara, standing on the doorstep. The man gulped nervously, and nodded, and said, 'Clelia, oh yes, Clelia, just a moment, I'll go and get her.'3
And he disappeared. Clara, uninvited, thought she might as well step in, so she did. The hall into which she stepped wasnot a hall at all, but a large and very high room, with doors leading off it in most directions, and it was so full of unexpected things that she found it hard to know where to look first.
The floor was tiled, in diagonal squares of grey and white marble, and the walls were so densely covered with pictures and looking glasses that it was hard to tell whether or how they were papered, but the general tone and impression was of a deep purple and red. At the far end of the hall there was a marble fireplace, and under it was a large pot of dying flowers. There was also, she vaguely noted, in one corner a piano, and the windows had shutters of a kind that she had never seen in England.
After a while, Clelia appeared, from one of the doors at the far end of the hall.
'Well, I came,' Clara said.
'So I see,' said Clelia. 'I'm glad you came. Let's go up into my room.'
'Who was that that let me in?' said Clara, following Clelia meekly up the staircase, and up and up, to the second floor.
'That was Martin,' said Clelia. 'He's rather lovely, don't you think?' Clara could not think of any scheme in which the man she had just seen could have been described as lovely, but she instantly invented one.4
'Yes,' she said.
'And this,' said Clelia, suddenly throwing open a high white door, 'is my room.'
And she said it with such pride and such display that Clara did not feel at all obliged to conceal the amazement. And it was, by any standards, amazing.
It was a tall, square room, facing towards the back of the house and garden. The room's function — for it was, beneath all, a bedroom — was all but concealed.5
Clara, when she looked hard, could just descry a bed, almost lost beneath a grey and pink flowered cover, a heap of books, and a large half-painted canvas. There were a good many books in the room; one wall was lined with them, and they lay in heaps on chairs and on the floor. There were photographs and postcards and letters pinned up and pasted on tables and walls, and amongst these more adult decorations, there was also a great quantity of carefully arranged and ancient toys. Clara was staggered and bewitched, she had never in her life seen anything like it.
She got round to thinking that one of the most charming features of Clelia's room was its sense of prolonged nursery associations.6
The childhood objects were not only lovely in themselves, they were a link with some past and pleasantly remembered time.
They stayed in the bedroom for half an hour or so, talking, looking at the things, talking.
'I think it must be tea time,' said Clelia. 'I think we'd better go down.'
When they reached the drawing room, the only people there were Mrs Denham and Martin.
'This is Clara, mama,' said Clelia.
'Clara, yes,' said Mrs Denham. 'Clelia told me about you. Do sit down, have a cup of tea. Clara, will you have milk or lemon?'
'Lemon, please,' said Clara. And as she stirred her cup of tea, and sipped it, she lost track of the conversation entirely, so engrossed was she in the visual aspect of the scene presented to her:7
She did not know where first to look, so dazzling and amazing were the objects before her.
It was a large, high, long room, and so full of furniture and mirrors and pictures and books and chandeliers and hangings and refracted angles of light that the eye could at first glimpse in no way assess its dimensions.8
It seemed to be full of alcoves and angles,9
though the room itself was a plain rectangle: fish swam in a goldfish bowl on top of a bookcase, and flowers stood on small pedestals here and there. Over the marble mantelpiece was a huge oval mirror with an eagle adorning it. The floor was wooden, and polished, but most of it was covered by a large, intricately patterned coloured carpet.
On one wall hung a large picture of a classical, mythological nature: on another wall was an equally large picture of pale yellow and beige lines. The third wall was lined entirely with books, and the wall that looked over the garden was not a wall but a window, heavily shrouded with curtains of different fabrics and densities.10
Clara was astonished; she could compare the room to nothing in her experience. Mrs Denham herself made a fitting occupant for such a room.11
She talked of books, from what Clara, in her haze of observation, could hear:12
about some books that she was, ah yes, what was that word, reviewing? A critic, then? No, not a critic. A writer, then, perhaps: and Clara, searching for help, directed her excellent vision at the distant titles of the books on the shelves13
behind Martin's head. And help was forthcoming for there was a whole row of somehow familiar books, and the name on the back, she could just decipher it, was Candida something.14
Why, yes, of course, Candida Gray, a name that she had known for as many years as she had known any such names. In the sudden satisfaction of recognition, Clara nearly cried out, into the midst of the conversation, I read your book, I read that book of yours, I read Custom
and Ceremony,
but she didn't, she kept quiet, she did not want to betray, even directly, the novelty of her discovery.15
And she thought, a little aggrieved: I do think Clelia might have told me, how could she assume that I knew her mother's maiden name? Her discovery did, however, do much to help her understanding of the conversation. She began to feel that she knew where she was, a little: and after a while she too began to talk.
Proper Names
Clara ['kle(@)r@] — Клара
Denham ['den@m] — Денем
Margaret Drabble ['m¸g(@)rIt 'dr{bl] — Маргарет Дрэббл
Jerusalem [³@'rüs@l@m] — Иерусалим
Highgate ['haIgeIt] — Хайгейт
Clelia ['kli:lI@] — Клелия
Martin ['m¸tIn] — Мартин
Candida ['k{ndId@ 'greI] — Кандида Грей
Vocabulary Notes
1. ... wrought iron fence ... — ... кованая железная ограда ...
2. ... it was solid and heavily panelled ... — ... она была массивная, с тяжелой панельной обшивкой ...
3. 'I'll go and get her' — «Пойду и найду ее.»
4. Clara could not think of any scheme in which the man she had just seen could have been described as lovely, but she instantly invented one. — Клара не могла представить, с какой же стороны можно было бы охарактеризовать как привлекательного человека, которого она только что видела, но она тут же придумала, с какой.
5. The room's function — for it was, beneath all, a bedroom — was all but concealed. — Комната эта всё же служила спальней, хотя угадать это было непросто.
6. She got round to thinking that one of the most charming features ofClelia's room was its sense of prolonged nursery associations. — Она подумала, что одной из самых приятных особенностей комнаты Клелии было то, что в ней возникало ощущение, будто детство не ушло.
7. ... she lost track of the conversation entirely, so engrossed was she in the visual aspect of the scene presented to her. — ... она совершенно не слушала, о чём говорят, настолько она была очарована тем, что предстало перед ее глазами.
8. ... the eye could at first glimpse in no way assess its dimensions. — ... с первого взгляда нельзя было даже определить её размеры.
9. It seemed to be full of alcoves and angles ... — Казалось, в ней было полно ниш и закутков ...
10. ... heavily shrouded with curtains of different fabrics and densities. — ... плотно задрапированное занавесками из тканей разной выделки и плотности.
11. Mrs Denham herself made a fitting occupant for such a room. — Образ самой миссис Денэм очень соответствовал такой обстановке.
12. She talked of books, from what Clara, in her haze of observation, could hear... — Она говорила о книгах, и из её слов Клара, не вдумывавшаяся в их смысл, так как разглядывала предметы, могла уловить ...
13. ... and Clara, searching for help, directed her excellent vision at the distant titles of the books on the shelves ... — и Клара, у которой было отличное зрение, в поисках подсказки устремила взгляд на корешки с названиями книг, стоявших на полках у дальней стены ...
14. ... Candida something — ... какая-то Кандида.
15. ... she did not want to betray, even directly, the novelty other discovery. — ... даже прямо она не хотела обнаружить, что сделала для себя неожиданное открытие.
Comprehension Check
1. What was the Denhams' house like?
2. What was there in front of the building?
3. What did Clara choose, the bell or the brass ring?
4. Who opened the door?
5. Was Clara left alone on the doorstep or did the man let her in?
6. What was the hall like?
7. Where did Clelia take Clara?
8. Why was Clara staggered and bewitched mClelia's room?
9. Where did the girls go after half an hour?
10. Who was there in the drawing room?
11. What did Clara see in the drawing room?
12. What impression did the drawing room produce upon Clara?
13. Was Clara listening to the talk? Why?
14. How did Clara make her discovery?
15. Did Clara's discovery help her somehow or not?
Phonetic Text Drills
○ Exercise 1
Transcribe and pronounce correctly the words from the text.
Courtyard, elaborate, wrought iron, balding, diagonal, vaguely, scheme, quantity, bewitched, engrossed, chandelier, assess, dimension, intricately, mythological, beige, fabric, to review, forthcoming, to decipher, to aggrieve, to assume.
○ Exercise 2
Pronounce the words or phases where the following clusters occur.
1. consonant + w
It was, squared, and white, covered with, that way, invented one, lined with, and walls, was wooden.
2. plosive + 1
Middle, marble, instantly, almost lost, and letters, tables, glimpse, rectangle, mantelpiece, eagle, that looked, little.
3. plosive + m/n
Gulped nervously, and nodded, had never seen, could not think, did not feel, good many, but most of it, had known, told me.
4. plosive + fricative
Get her, and he, had shutters, glad you came, could have been, but she, looked hard, stirred her cup, occupant for, could hear, that she, directed her, and help, could she.
5. plosive + plosive
Paved courtyard, deep purple, had just seen, white door, but concealed, flowered cover, and postcards, adult decorations, great quantity, ancient toys, sit down, coloured carpet, could compare, kept quiet.
○ Exercise 3
Pronounce after the announcer and explain what kind of false assimilation may occur in the phrases below.
1. Was semi-detached, was separated, was painted, was tiled, was hard, was staggered, was she.
2. Of which, of tea, of furniture, of pale yellow, of somehow familiar, of course, of her discovery.
○ Exercise 4
Transcribe and intone the following sentences from the text. Note that the intonation pattern of sentences, starting with "there" is similar to the pattern of predicative statements. Explain the use of the intonation marks.
1. There was 'also a'\bell | and 'Clara 'chose the \bell ||
2. There \was 'also | she 'vaguely \noted | in 'one 'comer a pi\ano | and the 'windows had 'shutters of a kind that she had 'never 'seen in \England ||
3. There were a 'good 'many \books in the 'room | 'one 'wall was \lined ,with them | and they 'lay in 'heaps on 'chairs and on the \floor ||
EXERCISES
Exercise 1
Work with the text and say what we call:
— large pieces of cloth that we put as a decoration on a wall or a curtain over a window;
— a measurement in space such as length, width,or height;
— an open space wholly or partly surrounded by buildings, next to or inside a large house;
— a house that is one of a pair of joined houses;
— a paved surface or path at the side of a street for people to walk on;
— a sort of stone that is hard, cold to the touch, smooth when polished, and used for buildings and statues, etc.;
— the opening for a coal fire in the wall of a room, with a chimney above it and a hearth;
— a pair of wood or metal covers that can be unfolded in front of the outside of a window to block the view or keep out the light;
— a block of stone or wood forming the base of a doorway;
— a flight of stairs with a handrail;
— a small partly enclosed space in a room;
— a flat shape with four straight sides forming four right angles;
— a person who lives in a place, though without necessarily owning it;
— a frame surrounding a fireplace, especially the part on top which can be used as a small shelf;
— number of things, mass of material, piled up.
Exercise 2
Pick out all the words and word combinations which describe:
1. The hall in the Denhams' house;
2. The bedroom in the Denhams' house;
3. The drawing room in the Denhams' house.
Exercise 3
I. Find in the text nouns modified by the adjectives:
1. tall/high;
2. flowered/patterned;
3. large/huge.
II. Explain the difference in meaning between these adjectives and say in what other collocations they can be used. Give examples.
Exercise 4
I. Three names of building materials occur in the text: brass, marble, wood. Think of other names of materials and say what is usually made of them.
II. Three nouns denoting a certain number of things are used in the text: heap, quantity, row. Think of other similar nouns and say in what collocations they may occur.
Exercise 5
I. Work with the text and complete the list of participles II:
Paved, painted, ...
II. Complete the list of nouns, denoting furnishings or pieces of furniture:
A fireplace, a pot, ...
III. Complete the list of adjectives, used to describe a building, a room or furniture:
Tall, lovely, ... '
Exercise 6
I. Find sentences with the following adjectives and adverbs in the text. Read and translate the sentences.
elaborate distant solid
amazing ancient familiar
densely deep plain
huge classical intricately
II. Make up other parts of speech from these words where possible.
Exercise 7
Translate into English.
A
.
Один из домов под общей крышей; четырёхэтажное здание; кованая железная ограда; калитка; звонок; стоять на пороге; общее впечатление; быть завешанным картинами; появиться из дверей; впустить кого-либо; распахнуть; выходить на что-либо (об окнах, комнате); цветастый; незаконченное полотно; отражённые лучи света; определить размеры; правильный прямоугольник; аквариум; украшать; с затейливым рисунком; плотно задрапированный; разной выделки.
В
.
Было трудно сказать; такие, каких никогда не видел; следовать за кем-либо; по всем меркам; всматриваться; различить; никогда в жизни; размешивать сахар в чае; совершенно не слушать, о чём говорят; с первого взгляда; в поисках подсказки; знакомый; в середине разговора, немного огорчённо.
Exercise 8
Make up phrases opposite in meaning to the phrases from the text.
a tall building different fabrics
a steep hillside amazing objects
a large courtyard pale lines
deep purple charming features
throw open familiar books
Exercise 9
I. Find in the text sentences with phrases denoting location of things, translate them into Russian and ask your classmates to translate them back into English.
In front of, in the centre, on the doorstep, in most directions, at the far end, in one comer, to the second floor, on top of a bookcase, on small pedestals, over the mantelpiece, on one wall, on the shelves.
II. Try to reproduce the context where the following phrases occurred.
Covered with, lost beneath, lined with, pinned up, pasted on, carefully arranged, covered by.
Exercise 10
Put in the missing prepositions.
1. There was a marble statue of a Greek warrior... the far end of the hall.
2. The window of the bedroom looked ... the green park.
3. A long corridor led... the direction of a huge home library.
4. The garden was separated ... the street... a hedge running in a neat line.
5. The piano was placed ... the corner of a big dancing hall and so there remained enough space for dances.
6. Small semi-detached houses are scattered ... the hillside.
7. All walls in the library were lined ... bookshelves.
8. The two girls were standing ... the doorstep when they saw somebody in the garden.
9. The room was in a mess: everything lay ... heaps on the floor.
10. The hostess appeared... the back door so that it was hard to notice when she entered.
11. The house gave the impression ... a glass cube under a steel roof.
12. The walls of the bathroom were tiled ... green and white squares.
13. The book was lost... a heap of papers on the table.
14. There were lots of framed photographs... the mantelpiece.
Exercise 11
Paraphrase the italicized part of each sentence choosing the appropriate phrase from the text.
1. Clara, uninvited, thought she might as well come in,
and did it.
2. There were plenty of books in the room; and they lay in
piles
on chairs and on the floor.
3. The man swallowed
and nodded.
4. There were so many pictures on the walls
that it was hard to tell whether or how they were papered.
5. It was separated from the pavement by a high, ornamented,
wrought iron fence.
6. The door of the Denhams' house was covered with wooden panels.
7. The floor was covered with squares of marble.
8. It was such a large, high, long room crammed with furni
ture and mirrors and pictures
that the eye could not at first
sight evaluate its size.
9.
She did not feel that she had to hide her astonishment.
10. Clara, when she looked closely,
could just make out
a bed, almost hidden,
beneath a cover.
11. There was a great quantity
of toys, neatly put in order.
12. Clara felt amazed and charmed.
13. She didn't follow the conversation,
so absorbed was she by
the visual aspect of the scene presented to her.
14. Over the maible mantelpiece was an enormous
oval mirror, embellished with an eagle.
15. And help was coming
for there was a whole line of books which she somehow knew.
16. The name on the back, she could just discern
it, was something like Candida.
17. Most of the floor was covered by a big elaborately ornamented
carpet.
18. Clara, seeking for help,
directed her excellent vision at the distant titles of books.
19. Mrs Denham herself was a suitable inhabitant
for such a room.
20. 'Who was that that opened the door and allowed me to ente
r'
asked Clara.
Exercise 12
Complete the following sentences choosing the appropriate word or phrase from the list. Change the form of the words if necessary. Translate the sentences into Russian.
to be lined to be full of to be covered
to be pinned up to lie in heaps to be concealed
to be lost beneath to stand open to be pasted
to lead to be arranged to be tiled
to be separated to be painted to be papered
1. If the floor ... ... one can easily hear footsteps on it.
2. Other walls ... ... with white bookshelves from which books overflow to the floor.
3. The door between the office and a small dark room at the back always ... ... .
4. The floors downstairs ... ... with Indian carpets.
5. The walls ...... with pictures of aircrafts.
6. A staircase ... from the ground floor to the first floor.
7. The notice ... ... ... and became the centre of attention.
8. A typewriter, some writing paper, pens and pencils — everything ... carefully ... on top of the bookcase.
9. The walls in the sitting-room ... ... but not painted, which made the room look a lot cosier.
10. The room ... ... ... dark expensive furniture. Oriental car pets, smart lamps, everything first-class.
11. The incident...... and nobody ever learned anything.
12. A sick child ... nearly ... ... the heap of blankets.
13. Books, papers, manuscripts, stacks of letters ... ... ... all around the study.
14. The dining room ... ... from the rest of the house by a narrow passage.
15. As the tiny house ...... green, it was almost lost on the green background of the garden.
Exercise 13
Remember a situation when you came to somebody's place and experienced strong emotions. Tell the class about it, ending the story with one of the sentences given below.
1. I vaguely noted.
2. I said it with pride and display.
3. I did not feel at all obliged to conceal the amazement.
4. I was staggered and bewitched.
5. I was engrossed in the visual aspect of the scene presented to me.
6. I did not betray the novelty of my discovery.
Exercise 14
Speak of Clara's visit to the Denhams' house.
1. in the third person;
2. in the person of Clara;
3. in the person of Clelia;
4. in the person of Mrs Denham.
Exercise 15
Discussion points.
1. What impression does the description of the Denhams' house produce on you?
2. What can you say about the people who inhabit it?
3. What do you think of Clara?
4. Have you ever experienced anything like that in your life?
5. Do you believe that homes reflect their owners' mode of life, occupation, character?
Exercise 16
Translate into English.
1. Мы хотели купить собственный отдельный дом, хотели, чтобы был большой сад и озеро, но денег нам хватило только на половину дома.
2. Газон перед домом — гордость всех англичан. Газон тщательно стригут и высаживают по дорожкам розы.
3. Прихожая была тёмная и мрачная, и я решила, что нужно переклеить обои — подобрать более светлые.
4. Длинный коридор заканчивался лестницей, ведущей на второй этаж.
5. В Европе мало кто живёт в многоквартирных домах. Большинство людей являются собственниками домов в пригородах.
6. В английских домах количество комнат может быть разным, но традиционно всегда есть небольшая прихожая, кухня, столовая, гостиная, ванная, туалет, пара кладовок, одна или несколько спален.
7. В домах, где есть дети, желательно сделать детскую. Там должна быть особая мебель и хорошее освещение.
8. К гостиной примыкает столовая, которая, в свою очередь, соединена с кухней.
9. Нужно покрыть кафелем не только стены в ванной и туалете, но и ту стену на кухне, где расположена раковина, а то будет видна вся грязь. С краски её смыть не так легко, как с кафеля.
10. Я предпочитаю электрическую плиту газовой — её гораздо легче мыть, да и вытяжка не очень нужна.
11. На полках я храню фаянсовую посуду, а в этих ящичках — столовые приборы. Запоминай, что куда класть.
12. Комната так заставлена мебелью, что трудно подойти к окну.
13. У Гаррисонов очень просторная четырёхкомнатная квартира в центре города. Она прекрасно отделана и обставлена.
14. Надо бы сделать ремонт — подновить потолки, настелить паркет вместо линолеума и поклеить моющиеся обои.
15. Такие яркие цветастые занавески не годятся для спальни. Нужно выбрать расцветку поспокойней.
16. Это комнатное растение у окна загораживает свет. Переставь его в угол.
17. Мы живём в этом девятиэтажном доме. Район нам не нравится, хотелось бы куда-нибудь переехать.
18. Я не смогла бы жить в деревне, так как не могу обходиться без удобств — водопровода, горячей воды, мусоропровода, центрального отопления, телефона.
19. Все гостиные в наших квартирах похожи одна на другую — стенка, журнальный столик, диван и кресла, телевизор и стереосистема.
20. В Англии никогда не вешают ковры на стены, их кладут только на пол.
Exercise
17
Look at the picture. It depicts the living-room of a large family. Look at it for two minutes, then hide it and agree or disagree with the following statements. Test your perception and memory.
►
Pattern
: The living-room is rather small. — No, I don’t think so, it is rather spacious.
1. In the middle of the room there is a big table.
2. The table is laid for dinner.
3. At the table there are two armchairs.
4. The armchairs are very comfortable with tall backs.
5. On the right there is a fireplace.
6. On the mantelpiece there is a clock.
7. Just opposite the fireplace there is a sofa.
8. There are four cushions on the sofa.
9. The sofa is small and comfortable.
10. In the foreground we can see a desk.
11. In the far left comer there is a standard lamp.
12. The walls are covered with beautiful carpets.
Exercise 18
Look at the picture. Describe this picture in detail. What would you bring in or take away to make it look cosier? How would you furnish it to your taste?
Exercise 19
Read and translate the text.
The Randolf sisters, Sadie and Esther, live just a block away from each other. Sadie constantly complains that the people in town are cold and unfriendly, while Esther finds them warm and pleasant.
Although Sadie can't see it, the difference is in the way they approach those people. Sadie and her husband have a lovely house. It's filled with beautiful antique furniture and glassware that is so fragile it could easily be broken by a careless guest or adventurous child. Whenever someone is visiting, Sadie and her husband are constantly "straightening up". Their behaviour seems to indicate that they put more of an emphasis on the looks of their house than on the comfort of their guests. As a result, their nervous guests behave with excessive care — and they leave as soon as possible.
In contrast, Esther's house is not fancy at all. In fact, it's almost shabby. But she and her husband have a relaxed, friendly attitude toward visitors, who don't have to worry about an accident occurring with an expensive piece of furniture or vase. Esther's house is a place where people can drop in, put their feet up on the coffee table, and feel at home.
(from "Grammar Dimensions")
I. Answer the questions.
1. Whose house, Sadie's or Esther's, appeals to you? Why?
2. Which one would you drop in? Why?
3. In what houses do you feel at home? Why?
4. What do you think of those hosts who put more of an emphasis on the looks of their house than on the comfort of their guests?
5. What house would you call lovely?
6. What house would you call shabby?
7. What does home mean to you?
II. Make up dialogues:
1) between Sadie, her husband and their guests;
2) between Esther, her husband and their guests.
Exercise 20
Have a look at Picture A and B. Answer the questions. Make use of the phrases and words below:
Picture A
Picture В
It needs cleaning; to scatter; to throw around; to tidy up; to be piled with something; to lack; to be in disorder; untidy; in a mess.
Picture A
1. What can you see in Picture A?
2. Could you describe it in detail?
3. What attracts your attention in particular?
4. What's your impression of this room?
5. Do you like it?
6. What do you think of its occupant?
Picture В
1. What can you see in it?
2. Do you like the room now?
3. Could you describe Picture В in detail?
4. What changes have been made? Why?
5. What is missing in Picture B?
6. Could you compare these two pictures?
7. Which picture do you like better and why?
8. What would you add to make it look cosier?
○ Exercise 21
Read the telephone conversation and draw a plan of the house and the garden. Tell other students how you would furnish the house and use the rooms.
Martin: Hello, Linda!
Linda: Hi!
Martin: Well, good news at last. After looking at about two hundred houses, I've found just the place for us. It's in Blackwood, which is an outer suburb about twenty five minutes drive from the city. I think you'll love it. It's got a lovely big garden and lots of trees.
Linda: Yes, fantastic. Now tell me all about it.
Martin: Well, it's basically a three bedroom house. Very individual in style. There's no front door at all. You come into the hall from a side door. As you walk down the hall, there are two bedrooms on the left. On the right there is a door leading into a huge lounge.
Linda: What about the third bedroom?
Martin: Well, if you keep going down the hall, it is on the right, past the lounge room. The room on the left would make a useful study or family room. The one on the right, which has a wine cellar by the way, would be a very good store room or junk room.
Linda: I see.
Martin: What sold me on the house was the kitchen. It leads off the lounge and is huge. We can eat in there when we don't feel like having a formal meal in the dining room.
Linda: What about outside?
Martin: Well, there's a big wide verandah running across the front of the house. The two main bedrooms look out onto this. It also continues down the left-hand side of the house. Part of it, on the western side acts as a passage to the bathroom and toilet.
Linda: And the garden? You said something about a garden.
Martin: Yes, it is one of the nicest things about the place. A driveway runs down the left-hand side of the house to the garden. On the right of the house there is an orchard with apple, plum and orange trees. At the rear there is a large grassed area surrounded by a border of trees and shrubs. In the middle of the lawn there is an old clothes line.
Linda: That'll have to go!
Martin: Well, it is usefiil.
Linda: I don't care, it is ugly.
Martin: OK, the clothes line goes.
Linda: Well, then, when can I see it?
Martin: As soon as you arrive tomorrow..
Linda: Great. I'll see you then. Bye.
Martin: Bye.
Exercise 22
Speak about the room where you live. Make use of the topical vocabulary.
Exercise 23
Speak about the flat where you live. Make use of the following questions and topical vocabulary.
1. Where do you live? How many floors does the house have? Is it a block of flats or not?
2. What modern facilities does your flat offer? Do you have electricity, running water, gas, a telephone, a radio?
3. What kind of flooring do you have in your flat?
4. How are the walls of your flat finished? Are they whitewashed, tiled or wallpapered? Do you like to adorn the walls?
5. How is your flat lighted?
6. What kind of curtains (hangings, blinds) do you have? Do they go well with the wallpaper?
7. Is your flat crammed with things?
8. What makes your flat look cosy?
9. Do you have a convenient working space or a desk at home? Where do you keep your books?
Exercise 24
Find a photograph or a picture of an interior in which you recognize a taste that is radically different from your personal style. Tell your classmates what you like or dislike about it.
Exercise 25
If you have travelled abroad, speak about the difference in interior decorations which one may observe in foreign (British, American, German, etc.) and Russian homes.
Exercise 26
Ask your partner the following questions and fill in his or her answers. Then summarize what his/her answers suggest about his or her ideas about home.
Do you think a home is somewhere
Yes No Don't Know
you are secure and warm? ____________________
you can be alone? __________________________
Exercise 27
I. Match the idioms in the left column with their Russian equivalents in the right column.
1. to build one's castle upon the sand А. выступать (перед аудиторией)
2. to build castles in the air В. указать кому-либо надверь
3. room at the top С. припереть кого-либо к стенке
4. to do something under the table D. создавать что-либо непрочное
5. to be in the chair Е. ковёр-самолёт
6. to take the floorF. захлопнуть дверь перед носом
7. a window on the world G. председательствовать
8. to camp on somebody's doorstep Н. верхняя ступенька социальной лестницы
9. to shut the door in somebody's face I. ломиться в открытую дверь
10. to show somebody the door J. строить воздушные замки
11. to force an open door К. окно в мир
12. to call somebody on the carpet L. у стен есть уши
13. a magic carpet M. дать кому-либо нагоняй
14. walls have ears N. делать что-либо секретно
15. to drive somebody to the О. обивать пороги wall
II. Think of the situations where you can use these idioms.
Exercise 28
Highlight the meanings of the proverbs, making up short situations. Tell them in class.
1. People who live in glass houses should not throw stones.
2. Do not burn your house to get rid of the mice.
3. As you make your bed, so you must lie on it.
4. A rolling stone gathers no moss.
5. Charity begins at home.
6. Home is where the heart is.
7. East or West — home is best.
Exercise 29
Translate the following quotations and comment upon them.
'A man travels the world over in search of what he needs and returns home to find it.'
George Moore
'A house is not a home.'
Pol
ly
Adler
'Houses are built to live in and not to look on; therefore let use be preferred before uniformity, except where both may be had. '
Francis Bacon
'Mid pleasures and palaces though we may roam, Be it ever so humble, there's no place like home.'
John Howard Payne
Exercise 30
Role-play "Buying a House"
Setting:
A real estate agency in London.
Situation:
Different people come to the office and have a talk with real estate managers. All of them want to move somewhere: to sell or to buy houses or flats. The managers offer them different housing variants.
Characters:
Card I—II — Mr Sinless and Mrs' Pure, the real estate managers.
Card III-IV - Mr and Mrs Woolworth. Their family of three wants to move to the countryside from the centre of London.
Card V—VI — Mr and Mrs Littlewood, a retired couple who want to move from a huge house to a smaller one.
Card VII—VIII — Mr and Mrs Sunwin, a young couple who before anything else want to buy a house of their own.
Card IX—X — Mr and Mrs Hewlett. Their family of seven wants to move to a bigger house in the suburbs.
WRITING
Exercise 1
Prepare to write a dictation. Learn the spelling of the italicized words from Introductory Reading
and the words from exercise 1 on page 41.
Exercise 2
Render this text in English and write it down.
В маленьких квадратных комнатах с низкими потолками Лиза бродила минут десять.
Это были комнаты, обставленные красным деревом и карельской березой — мебелью строгой, чудесной. Два квадратных шкафа стояли против письменного стола. Стол был безбрежен. По углам стояли кресла с высокими спинками. Солнце лежало на персиковой обивке кресел.
По левую руку от самого пола шли низенькие полукруглые окна. Сквозь них, под ногами, Лиза увидела огромный белый зал с колоннами. В зале тоже стояла мебель. Лиза остановилась. Никогда еще она не видела зала у себя под ногами.
Она попала в красную гостиную, в которой стояло предметов сорок. Это была ореховая мебель. Из гостиной не было выхода. Пришлось бежать назад через круглую комнату с верхним светом, меблированную, казалось, только цветочными подушками.
Невольно она приспосабливала виденную мебель к своей комнате и потребностям. Кровать ей совсем не понравилась. Кровать была слишком велика.
Мебель была представлена многочисленными комплектами. Сравнительно небольшие ее размеры привели Лизу в восторг.
— Смотрите, смотрите! — доверчиво кричала она.
— Видите это бюро? Оно чудно подошло бы к нашей комнате. Правда?
— Прелестная мебель! — гневно сказал Остап.
— А здесь я уже была,— сказала Лиза, входя в красную гостиную.
Большая комната была перегружена мебелью. Стулья расположились вдоль стены и вокруг стола. Диван в углу тоже окружали стулья. Их ножки и удобные спинки были знакомы Ипполиту Матвеевичу.
(И. Ильф, Е. Петров «Двенадцать стульев»)
Exercise 3
Write a composition or an essay on one of the topics:
1. My Dream House.
2. Home Sweet Home.
3. One's Character Shows in His or Her Home.
4. Why There Is Always a Mess in My Room.
5. I Like to Stay at My Grandma's Place.
Note:
Composition and essay are both translated into Russian as "сочинение" but there is a distinction between them. A composition is fairly short (1—3 pages) and simple. Compositions may be written by students as long as they are capable of writing only on simple narrative or descriptive subjects.
An essay is usually longer (may be up to 20 pages). It expresses ideas, as opposed to simply telling a story or describing something, though it may also be narrative or descriptive. An essay should have some literary merit. Essays are usually written by those who have sufficiently mastered the language to be able to express their ideas in it.
If you choose a topic for an essay, plan carefully before you write. First of all try to explain what the statement means to you. A simple explanation in your own words will help to clarify the issue in your mind. The best approach to plan an essay is to make a list of points, in note form, which you want to include.
There should be an introduction. Plan an opening paragraph that will express your approach. It may be a clear statement of your understanding the point; some illustration of the point or even an expression of disagreement. Whichever you choose, the opening paragraph should lead logically into the body of the essay.
Plan the ideas for the succeeding paragraphs. Do not forgetthat each paragraph develops the idea one step farther. Pay special attention to the logical linking of clauses and sentences.
All points are put in logical order or in order of importance, with quotations if necessary.
Plan a conclusion which brings together the ideas of the essay and represents some kind of resolution of the conflicting arguments.
Lesson 3 DAILY ROUTINE
INTRODUCTORY READING AND TALK
I'm in the first year at the university, where I'm studying English. My elder sister, Betty, is studying history at the same university. Betty can organise her time wisely,
whereas I do not know what order I should do things in. I find it hard to get up on time,
and usually I do not get enough sleep.
I have to wind
two alarm-clocks
to make sure I do not oversleep.
My sister, an early riser, is awake
by 7 o'clock, refreshed
and full of energy.
While I'm wandering round the kitchen, fighting the urge to go back to bed, Уравнения химических реакций my sister manages to have a quick shower, make her bed, put on make up, do her hair, eat a full breakfast
and set off to
the university. It takes me an hour and a half to get ready. I have a hasty bite
and rush out
of the house. Even if I catch a bus
at once I still arrive at the university 15 minutes late,
which always makes me feel guilty.
My studies keep me busy
all day long. I have 14 hours of English
a week. I also have lectures
and seminars. At lunchtime
I meet up with my sister and we have a snack
at the university cafe. After classes I make myself go to the library where I spend about six hours a week reading for my seminars.
My sister and I come home tired. I always find excuses to put my homework off.
Unlike me, my sister manages to do the housework
and get down to homework.
I like the idea of going to bed early,
but quite often I have to sit up late, brushing up on my grammar and vocabulary,
though I feel sleepy.
My sister says that keeping late hours
ruins one's health. Of course, I agree.
As my sister and I do not get any time
off during the week, we try to relax
on the weekends. One of my greatest pleasures is to lie in bed
and read my favourite books. My sister is a sporty
person. To keep herself fit,
Betty goes for a run in
the park; from time to time she works out in the gym.
I hate staying in,
and sometimes on Saturday night my sister takes me out to a concert or a play.
Sometimes we go to a party
or to a disco.
But more often than not I end up catching up on my studies
and my sister goes out.
I wonder how I manage to spoil my leisure time.
Every Monday when I awaken
I think I should start a new life.
I honestly think that I must become well-organised
and correct my daily routine.
I make plans to go to keep-fit classes,
to do shopping
with my sister, to do the cleaning
and to do a hundred other good things. But then I remember that I have to call on
my school friend in the evening, and I put off my plans till next Monday. It is always better to start a new life in a week.
1. What is your usual day like? Is it very different from this girl's day?
2. What takes up most of your day?
3. Look at the pictures below and say what can be said about you and what cannot.
► Pattern: She usually gets up at six. But I don't. I get up at seven. She usually has breakfast at eight. So do I. I have breakfast at eight.
seven o'clock
eight o'clock
nine o'clock
twelve o'clock
five o'clock
seven o'clock
ten o'clock
4.
Is your daily routine alwaysthe same?
○
TEXT
One Day of Peter's life
(Story by Peter and Heidi El
liott)
I usually manage to be first at waking up — my brother Daniel (he's six) would stay in bed until seven o'clock. Mum can't understand it but it seems obvious to me that this is when the day starts, so why miss the beginning? After a quick warm-up and a chat we creep downstairs to see what's been left around from the night before, although Mum is wise to this and has usually put away anything really interesting.
The refrigerator is always a fairly good place to start, and cold rice pudding tastes much better for breakfast than it does for pudding.1
In fact I've tried most things at this hour, from cold stuffed marrow to raw sausages; some of it isn't recommendable and some of it can get you into a lot of trouble. Anyway, I can always make my own breakfast of cereals with plenty of sugar and not much milk. We made Mum's2
the other day but she didn't like the chopped peppercorns and Oxos3
that we added to it. Mind you, it didn't look too good.
Well, just when we get into a good game, Mum comes down and says that we have to put all the furniture back and get dressed. I always have the last say in what I'm going to wear, which is always jeans and a tee-shirt. I'm just not relaxed if I'm wearing smart trousers. I like a loose jacket and a hat; my old cowboy hat is a bit misshapen but I do not mind that, it seems to put me in the right mood for the day.
It's time to take Daniel to school. I really enjoy this trip at the moment because I've got a super little bike which I ride there and back. Well, I don't exactly ride it because both pedals have fallen off and the chain has snapped, so now it's more like a hobby-bike. I use my feet for brakes and propulsion.4
It works very well and my balance is now so good that I can ride my brother's big bike if someone helps me to get on and off.
When we get to Daniel's school I have a race around the playground and annoy a few of Dan's friends before the whistle goes, and then, as the trip home is up-hill and rather boring. Mum usually has to give me a push. I generally play then, or visit a friend down the lane whose brother has some super toys, which compensates for the fact that she's a girl.5
Lunch can vary from day to day because I'm quite fussy about my food. I find it hard to sit still long enough to eat a whole dinner, so sometimes Mum reads a book to me which makes it much more enjoyable, and if the story is very good, I've even been known to eat things that I didn't think I liked.
I suppose that the way I spend my day must seem fairly routine to some people, but I like to use it to the full no matter what I'm doing. I do everything with enthusiasm — whether constructing a rocket with bricks or practising gymnastics on the bed or just sliding down the banisters, and I've noticed that people who are older than me don't seem to have half as much fun, so I say that I'm going to enjoy myself for as long as possible.
The afternoons are unpredictable. On a fine day I may go swimming or visit a park or the shops. Personally, I think the shops are best, especially the ones with toys in. My mother just doesn't seem to understand that I need them all, anyway I have a good try with as many as I can before getting into trouble with the assistant. Then I move on to the sweets, which I generally get one of. Friends' houses can be a good source of entertainment, although if they haven't got any children it can be a bit frustrating not being allowed to touch anything. Luckily most of mother's friends have got children.
The best treat of all, though, is visiting Nanny.6
She's got much more time to spend on you than parents have and I do all sorts of things there. I have made some very tasty cakes in Nanny's kitchen and she doesn't mind how much mess goes on the floor.7
I also enjoy gardening with her. She is extremely patient with my pruning efforts.8
So my afternoons vary until we collect my brother from school at 3.30. He's not so much fun in the afternoons, but I do a bit of insect searching on the way home and collect any interesting sticks and stones that I think I could use in our small garden.
My bedtime is fixed at 7.30 and to be honest I'm just about ready for it by then. After doing my duty — by eating some tea — I play for a while or watch television. I'm not a TV addict but cartoons I do enjoy9
and my favourite programme is Tarzan. When this is on I strip off to my underpants and really get into the part. (I'm fantastically brave.) I then have a trip down a shark-infested river10
at bathtime or practise swimming in the bath, but my room is rather restricted and Mum doesn't appreciate how far I get the water up the wall.11
So, when the water has got fairly cold, I reluctantly agree to get out and put my pyjamas on. I don't like cleaning my teeth but I do.
Mum has to read a book at bedtime: it gives me a few minutes to have a last play and select my favourite toys before the light goes out. After all, even in my dreams I've had to fight some pretty fierce tigers.
Proper Names
Daniel ['d{nj@l] — Дэниел
Tarzan ['t¸z{n] — Тарзан
Vocabulary Notes
1. ... than it does for pudding — ... чем когда его подают как десерт.
2. ... we made Mum's the other day — на днях мы приготовили завтрак маме.
3. Oxos — «Оксоз» (Прим.: название бульонных кубиков)
4. I use my feet for brakes and propulsion. — Я торможу и отталкиваюсь ногами.
5. ... visit a friend down the lane whose brother has some super toys, which compensates for the fact that she's a girl. — ... хожу к подружке, которая живёт на нашей улице; у её брата есть потрясающие игрушки, и это смиряет меня с тем, что она — девочка.
6. Nanny — здесь: бабушка (Прим.: в других контекстах может означать «нянечка»).
7. She doesn't mind how much mess goes on the floor. — Ей всё равно, сколько мусора на полу.
8. ... she is extremely patient with my pruning efforts. — Она очень терпеливо относится к моим неловким попыткам подстричь деревья и кусты.
9. ... but cartoons I do enjoy ... — ... но вот мультики мне нравятся.
10. shark-infested — кишащий акулами.
11. Mum doesn't appreciate how far I get the water up the wall. — Мама не одобряет, что я забрызгиваю водой всю стену.
Comprehension Check
1. Why does the child wake up first?
2. What do the brothers do after a warm-up and a chat?
3. What does the child like to wear?
4. Why does the boy enjoy his trip to Daniel's school?
5. Is he fussy about his food?
6. Does the boy find his days boring?
7. How does he spend the afternoons?
8. Whom does he enjoy visiting most? Why?
9. When does the boy go to bed?
10. Is he a TV addict?
11. How does the boy entertain himself at bathtime?
12. What does he do before the light goes out? .
Phonetic Text Drills
○ Exercise 1
Transcribe and pronounce correctly the words from the text.
Obvious, to creep, stuffed, marrow, raw, recommendable, cereals, peppercorns, loose, cowboy, misshapen, super, propulsion, balance, to compensate, to vary, enthusiasm, gymnastics, banister, unpredictable, frustrating, treat, pruning, insect, addict, cartoon, underpants, appreciate, reluctantly, pyjamas, fierce.
○ Exercise 2
Pronounce the words or phrases where the following clusters occur.
1. plosive + plosive
managed to be, creep downstairs, good place, and cold rice, look too, good game, get dressed, to take Daniel, hard to sit, bedtime, but cartoons, trip down, and put.
2. plosive + w
at waking up, quick warm-up, that we added, just when, that we, it works, a rocket with bricks, patient with.
3. plosive + r
brother, creep, breakfast, tried, trouble, trousers, trip, brakes, propulsion, unpredictable, try, children, treat, extremely, programme, brave, practise, agree, pretty.
4. plosive + s
would stay, it seems, starts, what's, tastes, last say, its time, sit still, must seem, good source, fight some.
○
Exercise 3
Avoid false assimilation in the clusters:
1. z + s
he's six, has snapped, has some.
2. voiceless plosive + D
that this, at the moment, noticed that, think the shops.
3. s/z + D
miss the beginning, Mum's the other day, as the trip, suppose that.
○
Exercise 4
Practise the pronunciation of predicative structures.
It's 'time to 'take 'Daniel to \school. ||
The ,after'noons are 'unpre'dictable. ||
The 'best 'treat of \all, | though, | is 'visiting \Nanny. ||
My bedtime is 'fixed at 'seven \thirty | and | to be \honest | I'm 'just a'bout \ready for it by ,then. ||
I'm 'not a 'TV \addict | but car'toons I 'do en'joy | and my 'favourite 'programme is \Tarzan. ||
EXERCISES
Exercise 1
Reproduce the sentences in which the following words and expressions are used.
to wake up to vary from day to day
to leave around to use the day to the full
to get somebody into trouble to do everything with enthusiasm
to have the last say into be a good source of
something entertainment
to be relaxed the best treat
to put somebody in the to be a TV addict
right mood
boring to strip off
to be fussy about something bedtime
Exercise 2
Agree or disagree with the following statements. Give your reasons.
1. The child is the last to wake up.
2. In the kitchen the boy tries a lot of things from cold mar row to raw sausages.
3. The child's mother has the last say in what he's going to wear.
4. The boy likes to wear smart suits.
5. He finds his trip to Daniel's school boring.
6. The boy is fussy about his food.
7. The child's routine is boring and predictable.
8. He likes spending his time in the shops.
9. The child enjoys visiting Nanny.
10. He is a TV addict.
11. The child enjoys swimming in the bath.
Exercise 3
I. Give the three forms of the irregular verbs from the text:
Creep, put, get, ride, go, give, find, read, think, slide, make, fight.
II. Give the past form of the regular verbs:
Manage, stay, start, add, enjoy, snap, use, annoy, visit, compensate, vary, suppose, construct, practise, seem, touch, mind, collect, search, fix, watch, strip, appreciate, agree, select.
Exercise 4
Fill the gaps in these sentences with the suitable words below.
I. frustrating unpredictable
loose smart
boring relaxed
fussy
1. She likes to feel comfortable and relaxed in clothes, that's why she always wears ... sweaters and jackets and not ... suits.
2. Jane is fed up with this ... town — all they have is a bar, a cinema and a Chinese restaurant.
3. There must be nothing more ... than having a job you don't like.
4. You can't feel ... and enjoy yourself if there are exams coming.
5. Since the time she was ill, she's been ... about what she eats.
6. She behaves like the weather in Great Britain; she's so ...
II. to creep to strip offto vary
to select to annoy to leave around
1. There was a large number of beautiful toys and dolls in the shop and it took the girl a lot of time ... one.
2. Someone ... into the house and stole jewellery.
3. She ran upstairs,... her wet jeans and sweater and pulled on a dressing gown.
4. I don't want to stay in the house with these two screaming kids. They ... me.
5. To make kids eat, you should ... the menu as much as possible.
6. Please, don't... your toys ... . I have to put them away before I can do the cleaning.
Exercise 5
Find in the text words and expressions similar in meaning to the italicized ones.
1. Somehow he got involved
in a boring conversation about food prices.
2. I always start my day with morning exercises and a cold shower. And, of course, I very much like
a cup of hot coffee.
3. Nurses should do all they can to make their patients feel at ease.
4. The child abandoned his
favourite toy; a little squirrel in the grass had become better entertainment.
5. When I go to the countryside I like to observe insects.
6. I always go to bed at half past seven
and nothing can change my habit.
7. I spent my holiday in Spain and enjoyed it fully.
8. I can't think of anything more tedious
than washing and cooking for the family all day long.
9. I feel that you are doing that unwillingly.
10. My brother is always enthusiastic,
no matter what he is doing — playing or working.
11. We moved quietly
upstairs so as not to wake the baby.
12. Morning exercises may be hard work, but they can also be great fun.
13. A meal in a restaurant came as a real pleasure
after all the food at the university.
14. You are just saying that to irritate
me.
15. In the afternoons Mother takes my sister
from school.
Exercise 6
Find in the text sentences containing:
I. synonyms and synonymous expressions for the following:
depressing untidiness
to pick somebody up to take off the clothes
physical exercises to be different
II. words or phrases with the opposite meaning:
to get out of bed to get undressed
not much boring
to stay out of trouble predictable
Exercise 7
Find in the text the English equivalents of the following words and expressions.
A.
Просыпаться; оставаться в постели; день начинается; разминка; приготовить завтрак; одеваться; пора (делать что-либо); добираться до школы; звучит свисток; съесть весь обед; ходить в парк; забирать из школы; ложиться спать ровно в 7.30; не отрываться от телевизора; раздеться до чего-либо; увлечься игрой; заниматься плаванием; надевать пижаму; чистить зубы; читать книгу на ночь; свет гаснет; во сне.
В
.
Оставаться с вечера; убирать; причинить неприятности; разыграться; оставить за кем-либо последнее слово; потерять форму (о предмете одежды); создавать хорошее настроение; туда и обратно; хорошо получаться; быть привередливым; использовать в полной мере; скатываться вниз; попробовать как можно больше; забрызгать водой стену; неохотно согласиться.
Exercise 8
Express the same idea using different wording and grammar.
1. After a quick warm-up and a chat, we creep downstairs to see what's been left around from the night before.
2. I suppose the way I spend my day must seem fairly routine to some people, but I like to use it to the full.
3. Personally, I think the shops are best, especially the ones with toys in.
4. Friends' houses can be a good source of entertainment.
5. I'm not a TV addict but cartoons I do enjoy and my favourite programme is Tarzan.
6. The best treat of all is visiting Nanny.
7. She is extremely patient with my pruning efforts.
8. When Tarzan is on I strip off to my underpants and really get into the part.
9. I then have a trip down a shark-infested river at bathtime or practise swimming in the bath, but my room is rather restricted and mum doesn't appreciate how far I get the water up the wall.
10. Mum has to read a book at bedtime, it gives me a few minutes to have a last play and select my favourite toys before the light goes out.
Exercise 9
1. Draw a chart like the one below and arrange the child's activities into two columns.
II. After you have finished the chart, compare it with the rest of the class. Discuss the child's activities using the following words:
Interesting, creative, exciting, good fun, dangerous, boring, good exercise, relaxing, crazy, wonderful, enjoyable, terrible.
Start your discussion with the following phrases:
I think/I don't think he enjoys/likes ...
It must be dangerous/interesting to swim/to play... etc.
That sounds/does not sound like much fan/crazy... etc.
I'd like to try ... myself.
He doesn't mind ...
If I had time, I'd like to ...
Exercise 10
Speak about your daily activities using the patterns given below.
1. I'm not a TV addict/ardent reader, etc. but cartoons/novels, etc. I do enjoy.
2. I don't like cleaning my teeth/watching newsreels, etc. but I do.
3. I find it hard to sit still long enough/to work in the library, etc.
4. It can be a bit frustrating not being allowed to touch anything/to go to a disco, etc.
Exercise 11
Speak about the child's daily routine:
1. in the third person;
2. in the person of his mother;
3. in the person of his brother Daniel.
Exercise 12
Discussion points.
1. What can you say about the boy's character? Support your opinion.
2. What do you think of his mother? What is her daily routine like?
3. What takes up most of the boy's day?
4. What activities mentioned by the boy seem to be most entertaining to you? Why?
Exercise 13
I. Discuss activities we do as part of our daily/weekly routine. In five minutes write down as many things as you can think of. You should write your routines in full sentences, using adverbs of frequency. Read out your list to the class and delete anything you have written down which someone else has as well. Thus make a list of your special routines, that no one else has.
► Pattern:
I
hove parties every week.
II. Express your own feelings about the special routines of your fellow students. Use the expressions of likes and dislikes.
► Pattern:
— I have parties every week.
— Well, to be honest/No, I'm not too keen on arranging parties every week.
Exercise 14
Tell about your daily routine when a child. Compare it with your present daily routine. Think about the following points: studies, everyday activities, leisure activities, food/clothes, likes/dislikes. Use the following phrases:
When a child, I used to ..., but now I ...
I never used to ...
I spent most of my time ..., but now I ...
I was/am keenon ...
I was/am a ... addict.
I couldn't/can't live without ...
The best treat of all was/is ...
I found ... enjoyable, but now
I find ... boring/interesting.
I've decided to give up ...
But I'm not going to give up ...
Exercise 15
I. Read the following text and get ready to answer the questions.
John Naylor, 24, is a successful businessman. Let's follow him through a typical day.
The alarm clock goes off at 7:00 a. m. John jolts out of bed at the same time. The automatic coffee maker kicks on in the kitchen. He jumps in the shower, shaves, opens one of the half-dozen boxes of freshly laundered white shirts waiting on the shelf, finishes dressing, and pours a cup of coffee. He sits down to a piece of whole wheat toast while he nips through the Fleet Street Journal. It takes him about 15 minutes to wake up and get ready. His briefcase in one hand and gym bag in the other, he hops in the car, ready to start the day.
He clocks in at exactly 7:45 a. m. He takes a seat in front of the computer and prepares for hours of phone calls and meetings that occupy his mornings.
At noon John rashes to the health club where he strips off the grey suit and changes into his T-shirt, shorts and the latest in design running shoes for tennis. In an hour he is sitting in the club dining room where he has scheduled lunch with a potential client. They discuss business over sparkling water, pasta and a cup of coffee.
At 2:30 p. m. he is back at his office, eager for several more hours of frantic meetings and phone calls. At 6:00 p. m. John phones out for delivery of dinner to keep him going through the next two to three hours he'll spend at his office.
John gets home at 10:00 p. m. just in time to sit down to a bowl of frozen yoghurt and a reran of this season's most popular drama series before turning in.
II. Make brief notes of John's daily routine. Use these times as a guide.
7:00 7:45 2:30 10:00
7:15 12:00 6:00 - 9:00 1:00
III. Answer the following questions:
1. What takes up most of his time?
2. What things do you dislike about his daily routine?
3. Is his daily routine always the same?
4. Is his daily routine very different from yours? How?
5. What do you think about his social life? What daily routine may his girlfriend have?
6. Is he happy? Why?
7. What problems may arise if John gets married and starts a family? Will children fit into this hectic schedule?
IV. Work in groups of two.
Student A: You are going to interview John. Ask him questions about his daily routine, and ask anything else you like. (E. g. How he feels about his life, what he likes about his work, his future plans).
Student B: You are John. Answer the interviewer's questions about your daily routine. When you are asked about other things, invent suitable answers.
Exercise 16
Pair work: Talk about your busiest day. Ask the following and more:
1. What's your busiest day?
2. What do you usually do?
3. What time do you get up?
4. Where do you usually have breakfast, lunch?
5. What do you usually do after classes?
6. What time do you usually go home?
7. What do you do at the end of the day?
8. What do you do in your spare time?
9. What time do you usually go to bed?
10. What activities do you enjoy? Which do you dislike?
Exercise
17
Imagine you can do what you like and work where you want. Plan your daily routine. When you are ready tell the class.
Exercise 18
I. Carry out a survey titled "How to Organise Your Day". Ask your fellow students:
1. how much time they spend: working, sleeping, washing and getting dressed, eating and drinking, shopping, travelling, doing housework, studying, reading, watching TV or listening to the radio, performing other leisure activities, doing nothing;
2. which activities they enjoy doing and how long they spend on them;
3. which activities they do not enjoy doing and how long they spend on them;
4. if there is something they don't have time to do or would like to spend more time doing;
5. if there is some way they could organise their time differently and how.
II. Make notes and analyse the results of the investigation. Write a short report giving the results of your survey. Use words and expressions like these:
None of... A great many of...
Hardly any of... Some of...
Very few of... A large number of.
Not many of... A lot of...
The majority of...
III. Use the following phrases for summarising or generalising:
on the whole, ... at first glance, ...
apparently, ... it seems/appears that ...
generally, ...
IV. When you have finished your report, show it to the other students in the class and discuss.
Exercise 19
Retell the following text in English.
Самое главное, подумал я, это режим. Спать буду ложиться пораньше, часов в десять. Вставать тоже буду пораньше и повторять перед школой уроки. После школы буду играть часа полтора в футбол, а потом на свежую голову буду делать уроки. После уроков буду заниматься чем захочется: или с ребятами играть, или книжки читать, до тех пор пока не придёт время ложиться спать.
Так, значит, я подумал и пошёл играть в футбол, перед тем, как делать уроки. Я решил играть не больше, чем полтора часа, от силы — два, но, как только я попал на футбольное поле, у меня всё из головы вылетело, и я очнулся, когда уже совсем наступил вечер. Уроки я опять стал делать поздно, когда голова уже плохо соображала, и дал сам себе обещание — на следующий день не буду так долго играть. Но на следующий день повторилась та же история. И стал я думать, почему же у меня так получается. Вот я думал, думал, и наконец мне стало ясно, что у меня совсем нет воли. То есть у меня воля есть, только она не сильная. Если мне надо что-нибудь делать, то я никак не могу заставить себя это делать, а если мне не надо чего-нибудь делать, то я никак не могу заставить себя этого не делать. Вот, например, если я начну читать какую-нибудь интересную книжку, то читаю и читаю и никак не могу оторваться. Мне, например, надо делать уроки, или пора уже ложиться спать, а я всё читаю. Мама говорит, чтоб я шел спать, а папа говорит, что пора уже спать, а я не слушаюсь, пока нарочно не потушат свет, чтоб мне нельзя было больше читать. И вот то же самое с этим футболом. Не хватает у меня силы воли кончить вовремя игру, да и только!
... Я решил, что мне надо развивать сильную волю ... Для этого я буду делать не то, что хочется, а то, чего вовсе не хочется. Не хочется утром делать зарядку, — а я буду делать. Хочется идти играть в футбол, — а я не пойду. Хочется почитать интересную книжку, — а я не стану. Начать решил сразу, с этого же дня. В этот день мама испекла к чаю мое самое любимое пирожное, но я решил, что раз мне хочется съесть это пирожное, то я не буду его есть.
Наутро я встал — мне очень не хотелось делать зарядку, но я всё-таки сделал, потом пошел под кран обмываться холодной водой, потому что обмываться мне тоже не хотелось. Потом позавтракал и пошел в школу, а пирожное так и осталось лежать на тарелочке, когда я пришел, оно лежало по-прежнему. Я посмотрел на него. Мне очень захотелось тут же это прикончить, но я поборол в себе это желание.
В этот день я решил в футбол не играть, а просто отдохнуть часика полтора и тогда уже взяться за уроки. И вот после обеда я стал отдыхать. Но как отдыхать? Просто так отдыхать ведь не станешь. Отдых — это игра или какое-нибудь интересное занятие. «Чем же заняться?» — думаю.— «Во что поиграть?» Потом думаю: «Пойду-ка поиграю с ребятами в футбол». Не успел я это подумать, как ноги сами вынесли меня на улицу, и пирожное так и осталось лежать на тарелке.
(Н. Носов. «Витя Малеев в школе и дома»)
Exercise 20
I. Read the list of English idioms and find their Russian equivalents in the second list.
A.
To be back on track; a whole good hour; from time to time; year in, year out; on the run; in the dead of night; day in, day out; to play the fool; to twiddle one's thumbs.
B
.
Время от времени; валять дурака; изо дня в день; из года в год; глубокой ночью; на бегу; битый час; войти в колею; бить баклуши.
II. Use the English idioms in sentences of your own speaking about your daily routine.
Exercise 21
I. Match the two halves of each proverb correctly. Translate them into Russian or give their Russian equivalents.
An early bird catches Jack a dull boy
Time is two things at once
Never put off till tomorrow a virtue
Time and tide a worm
Better late money
Everyday is not what you can do today
No man can do wait for no man
All work and no play makes Sunday
Punctuality is than never
II. Make up a story to illustrate one of these proverbs.
Exercise 22
Translate the quotations and comment upon them.
'A day is a miniature eternity.'
Ralph Emerson
'Write it on your heart that every day is the best day in the year.'
Ralph Emerson
'Three o'clock is always too late or too early for anything you want to do.'
Jean-Paul Sartre
'The day is for honest men, the night for thieves.'
Euripides
'Every day, in every way, I am getting better and better.'
Emile Coue
Exercise 23
Role-play "Making a TV Programme".
Setting:
The streets of a big modern city.
Situation:
A television crew is making a programme about different lifestyles. The journalists stop people in the street and interview them. They ask questions about their daily routine. They try to find out what time they get up, whether they get enough sleep, what they have for breakfast/dinner/supper, whether they are fussy about food, how they get to work, whether they are late for work, what time they come back home, who does the cooking/cleaning/shopping/washing, etc., whether they are more awake in the morning or in the evening, what time they go to bed, what they do to keep fit, what they do to relax, whether they have any kind of social life, what puts them in a good mood, whether their daily routine is always the same.
Characters:
Card I—II — Christian and Christine, the journalists.
Card III—IV — Daniel and Diana, an actor and an actress. Famous and well-known.
Card V — Sheppard, a university student. Not very diligent.
Card VI — Shirley, a model. Willing to make a career.
Card VII — Patricia, a school teacher. Very responsible.
Card VIII — Felicia, a housewife. Has a large family.
Card IX — Raymond, a businessman. Very busy and very rich.
Card X — Letitia, a waitress in a restaurant. Young and carefree.
Card XI — Simon, a professional driver. Works hard and long hours.
WRITING
Exercise
1
Learn the spelling of the words in bold type from Introductory Reading
and exercise 1 on page 68 and be ready to write a dictation.
Exercise 2
Write a short description of a) your busiest day; b) your day off; c) your favourite day in the form of diary notes. Follow the pattern:
Exercise 3
Write a composition or an essay on one of the following topics.
1. The Day Everything Went Wrong.
2. How I Organise My Time.
3. The Day Before You Came. (ABBA)
4. 'Never put off till tomorrow, what you can do the day after tomorrow.' (O. Wilde)
5. The Day of a Person Is a Picture of This Person.
Note:
Punctuation.
In writing it is very important to observe correct punctuation marks.
A full stop
is put:
1) at the end of sentences;
2) in decimals (e.g. 3.5 — three point five).
A comma
separates:
1) homogeneous parts of the sentence if there are more than three members (e.g. I saw a house, a garden, and a car);
2) parentheses (e.g. The story, to put it mildly, is not nice);
3) Nominative Absolute Constructions (e.g. The play over, the audience left the hall);
4) appositions (e.g. Byron, one of the greatest English poets, was born in 1788);
5) interjections (e.g. Oh, you are right!);
6) coordinate clauses joined by and, but, or, nor, for, while, whereas,
etc. (e.g. The speaker was disappointed, but the audience was pleased);
7) attributive clauses in complex sentences if they are commenting (e.g. The Thames, which runs through London, is quite slow. Compare with a defining clause where no comma is needed — The river that/which runs through London is quite slow);
8) adverbial clauses introduced by if, when, because, though,
etc. (e.g. If it is true, we are having good luck);
9) inverted clauses (e.g. Hardly had she entered, they fired questions at her);
10) in whole numbers (e.g. 25,500 — twenty five thousand five hundred).
Object clauses are not separated by commas (e.g. He asked what he should do).
To be continued on page 140.
Lesson 4 DOMESTIC CHORES
INTRODUCTORY READING AND TALK
Have you ever met a woman who never touched a broom or a floor-cloth
in her life? Nearly all women but a queen have to put up with the daily routine doing all sortsof domestic work.
But different women approach the problem differently.
The so-called lady-type women can afford to have a live-in help
who can do the housework. She is usually an old hand at doing the cleaning
and washing, beating carpets
and polishing the furniture.
She is like a magician who entertains you by sweeping the floor
in a flash or in no time making an apple-pie with one hand.
Few are those so lucky as to have such a resident magician to make them free and happy.
Efficient housewives can do anything about the house. Tidying up
is not a problem for such women. An experienced housewife will not spend her afternoon ironing
or starching collars;
she gets everything done
quickly and effortlessly. She keeps all the rooms clean and neat, dusting the furniture, scrubbing the floor, washing up
and putting everything in its place.
She is likely to do a thorough cleaning
every fortnight. She removes stains, does the mending, knits
and sews.
What man doesn't dream of having such a handy
and thrifty wife?
The third type of woman finds doing the everyday household chores
rather a boring business. You can often hear her say that she hates doing the dishes
and vacuuming.
So you may find a huge pile of washing
in the bathroom and the sink is probably piled high with plates. A room in a mess
and a thick layer of dust
everywhere will always tell you what sort of woman runs the house.
What could save a flat from this kind of lazy-bones?
Probably a good husband.
Finally, there are housewives who do not belong to any group. They like things in the house to look as nice as one can make them. But they never do it themselves. They'd rather save time and effort
and they do not feel like peeling
tons of potatoes or bleaching,
and rinsing the linen.
It is simply not worth doing. They persuade their husbands to buy labour-saving devices — a dish-washer, a vacuum-cleaner, a food processor
or... a robot-housewife. Another way for them to avoid labour-and-time-consuming house chores
is to send the washing to the laundry, to cook dinner
every other day, or at least make their husbands and children help them in the home.
In the end, there exist hundreds of ways to look after the house. You are free to choose one of them. What kind of housewife would you like to be?
1. Four types of a housewife have been described in the text above. The first three types have been given names — the lady-type, the lazy-bones type, the efficient housewife. What would you call the fourth type?
2. Which of the types is preferable, to your mind? Why?
3. Name the activities which you see in the pictures below.
► Pattern:
The lady is working about the house.
4. Say how you share domestic chores in your family. Who does the major part of the household work? Which of you is good at helping your mother?
○ TEXT
Some Practical Experience
(Extract from the book by Monica Dickens "One Pair of Hands". Abridged)
I think Miss Cattermole* refrained from telling the agency what she thought of me, for they rang me up a few days later and offered me another job. This time it was a Mrs. Robertson, who wanted someone twice a week to do washing and ironing and odd jobs. As I had already assured the agency that I was thoroughly domesticated in every way, I didn't feel like admitting that I was the world's worst ironer.
* Miss Cattermole is the name of the lady who was the first to hire Monica through a job agency.
They gave me the address, and I went along there. The porter of the flats let me in, as Mrs. Robertson was out, but she had left a note for me, and a pile of washing on the bathroom floor. I sorted it out, and it was not attractive. It consisted mainly of several grubby and rather ragged pairs of corsets and a great many small pairs of men's socks and stockings in a horrid condition of stickiness.
I made a huge bowl of soap suds, and dropped the more nauseating articles in with my eyes shut. I washed and rinsed and squeezed for about an hour and a half. There was no one but me to answer the telephone, which always rang when I was covered in soap to the elbow. I accepted a bridge party for the owner of the corsets, and a day's golfing for the wearer of the socks, but did not feel in a position to give an opinion on the state of cousin Mary's health.
I had just finished hanging out the clothes, and had wandered into the drawing-room to see what sort of books they had, when I heard a latch key in the door. I flew back to the bathroom, and was discovered diligently tweaking out the fingers of gloves when Mrs. Robertson walked in. She was horrified to see that I had not hung the stockings up by the heels, and told me so with a charming frankness. However, she still wanted me to come back the next day to iron the things I had washed.
I returned the next day and scorched Mrs. Robertson's best camisole. She was more than frank in her annoyance over this trifling mishap and it made me nervous. The climax came when I dropped the electric iron on the floor and it gave off a terrific burst of blue sparks. I supposed it had fused. It ended by her paying me at the rate of a shilling an hour for the time I had put in, and a tacit agreement being formed between us that I should never appear again.
I was still undaunted, however, and I told myself that there are so many people in the world that it doesn't matter if one doesn't hit it off with one or two of them.2
1 pinned my faith in the woman in the agency,3
and went and had a heart-to-heart talk with her.
'What I want is something where I'll really get a chance to get some practical experience,' I told her.
'Well, we have one or two people asking for cook-generals,' she said. 'You might go and see this Miss Faulkener, at Chelsea. She wants someone to do the work of a very small flat,4
and cook dinner at night, and sometimes lunch.'
I went off, full of hope and very excited, to Miss Faulkener's flat. A sharp-featured maid opened the door.
'You come after the job?'5
'Yes,' I whispered humbly. I gave her my name and she let me in reluctantly. On a sofa in front of a coal fire, groomed to the last eyebrow,6
sat my prospective employer. She looked an amusing woman, and it would be marvellous to have the run of a kitchen to mess in to my heart's content.7
It was all fixed up.
I went to bed early, with the cook's alarm clock at my side, but in spite of that I didn't sleep well. Its strident note terrified me right out of bed into the damp chill of a November morning.8
I bolted down some coffee and rushed off, clutching my overalls and aprons, and, arriving in good time, let myself in, feeling like an old hand. I took myself off to the kitchen. It was looking rather inhumanely neat, and was distinctly cold. There was no boiler as it was a flat, and a small refrigerator stood in one corner. I hung my coat behind the door, put on the overall, and, rolling up my sleeves, prepared to attack the drawing-room fire. I found the wood and coal, but I couldn't see what Mrs. Baker* had used to collect ash in. However, I found a wooden box which I thought would do, and took the coal along the passage in that. I hadn't laid a fire since my girl-guide days,9
but it seemed quite simple, and I took the ashes out to the dustbin, leaving a little trail of cinders behind me from a broken comer of the box. The trouble about housework is that whatever you do seems to lead to another job to do or a mess to clear up. I put my hand against the wall while I was bending down to sweep up the cinders and made a huge grubby mark on the beautiful cream-coloured paint. I rubbed at it gingerly with a soapy cloth and the dirt came off all right, but an even laiger stain remained, paler than the rest of the paint, and with a hard, grimy outline. I didn't dare wash it any more, and debated moving the grandfather clock over to hide it. However, it was now a quarter past nine, so I had to leave it to its fate10
and pray that Miss Faulkener wouldn't notice.
* Mrs. Baker is the name of the former cook-general
I had dusted the living-room, swept all the dirt down the passage and into the kitchen, and gone through the usual tedious business of chasing it about, trying to get it into the dustpan before her bell and back-door bell rang at the same moment. The back door was the nearest, so I opened it on a man who said 'Grosher'.11
'Do you mean orders?'
'Yesh, mish'
He went on up the outside stairs whistling, and I rushed to the bedroom, wiping my hands on my overall before going in.
'Good morning, Monica, I hope you're getting on all right. I just want to talk about food.'
We fixed the courses,12
and I rushed back to the kitchen.
It didn't occur to me in those days to wash up as I went along, not that I would have had time,13
as cooking took me quite twice as long as it should. I kept doing things wrong and having to rush to cookery books for help, and everything I wanted at a moment's notice had always disappeared.
Every saucepan in the place was dirty; the sink was piled high with them. On the floor lay the plates and dishes that couldn't be squeezed on to the table or dresser, already cluttered up with peelings, pudding basins, and dirty little bits of butter.
I started listlessly on the washing-up. At eleven o'clock I was still at it and my back and head were aching in unison. The washing-up was finished, but the stove was in a hideous mess.
Miss Faulkener came in to get some glasses and was horrified to see me still there.
'Goodness, Monica, I thought you'd gone hours ago. Run off now, anyway; you can leave that till tomorrow.'
She wafted back to the drawing-room and I thought: 'If it was you, you'd be thinking of how depressing it will be tomorrow morning to arrive at crack of dawn and find things filthy. People may think that by telling you to leave a thing till the next day it will get done magically, all by itself overnight. But no, that is not so, in fact quite the reverse, in all probability it will become a mess of an even greater magnitude."4
At last I had finished. I arrived home in a sort of coma. My mother helped me to undress and brought me hot milk, and as I burrowed into the yielding familiarity of my own dear bed, my last thought was thankfulness that I was a "Daily" and not a "Liver-in".15
Proper Names
Monica Dickens ['mÁnIk@ 'dIk@nz] — Моника Дикенс
Cattermole ['k{t@m@Ul] — Кэтермоул
Robertson ['rÁb@tsn] — Робертсон
Mary ['me@rI] — Мэри
Faulkener ['fþkn@] — Фокнер
Chelsea ['¶elsI] — Челси
Baker [beIk@] — Бейкер
Vocabulary Notes
1. ... that I was the world's worst ironer.— ... что я хуже всех в мире глажу.
2. ... it doesn't matter if one doesn't hit it off with one or two of them. — неважно, если с кем-то из них не поладишь.
3. I pinned my faith in the woman in the agency ... — Я возложила свои надежды на женщину из агентства...
4. ... to do the work of a very small flat — убирать очень маленькую квартиру.
5. 'You come after the job?' — «Вы насчёт работы?» (Прим.: неправильное грамматическое построение фразы, характерное для разговорного стиля).
6. ... groomed to the last eyebrow ... — ... ухоженная до кончиков ногтей ...
7. ... to have the run of a kitchen to mess in to my heart's content. — ... вволю похозяйничать на кухне и устроить там полный беспорядок.
8. Its strident note terrified me right out of bed into the damp chill of a November morning. — Его резкий звонок испугал меня и заставил сразу вскочить с кровати; ноябрьское утро было холодным и промозглым.
9. ... since my girl-guide days ... — ... с того времени, когда я была членом организации «Гёл-Гайдз». (Прим.: «Гёл-Гайдз» — организация для девочек, аналогичная организации бой-скаутов).
10. ... to leave it to its fate ... — ... оставить всё как есть ...
11. 'Grosher' — бакалейщик. (Прим.: неправильное написание слова
grocer, передающее особенности речи персонажа. См. далее
'Yesh, mish.'- 'Yes, miss.').
12. We fixed the courses ... — Мы обсудили, что готовить ...
13. It didn't occur to me in those days to wash up as I went along, not that I would have had time ... — Тогда мне и в голову не приходило мыть посуду, пока я готовила, да у меня и времени-то не было ...
14. ... in all probability it will become a mess of an even greater magnitude. — ... скорее всего, беспорядка станет еще больше.
15. ... that I was a "Daily" and not a "Liver-in". — ... что я бььла домработница приходящая, а не живущая в доме постоянно.
Comprehension Check
1. What did Monica look for? Did she want to find a job as a "Daily" or a "Liver-in"?
2. Why did she think that Miss Cattermole refrained from telling the agency what she thought of her?
3. Who offered the girl the job at a flat twice a week?
4. What was Monica to do at Mrs. Robertson's?
5. What did Mrs. Robertson leave for the girl at her place?
6. How long did it take her to do the washing?
7. Did she have to combine washing with some other job?
8. What did Monica do after she had hung out the clothes?
9. Did Mrs. Robertson find Monica reading a book in the drawing- room?
10. How did Monica and Mrs. Robertson part?
11. What sort of job was Monica offered by Miss Faulkener?
12. What did Miss Faulkener and her kitchen look like?
13. How did Monica sweep up the cinders?
14. What happened while she was sweeping up the cinders?
15. Did the dirt come off all right?
16. Why did the cooking take her twice as long as it should have?
17. What did the kitchen look like at the end of the day?
18. Did the girl like the idea of leaving everything undone till the next day?
19. How did Monica feel when she arrived home?
Phonetic Text Drills
○ Exercise 1
Transcribe and pronounce correctly the words from the text.
Agency, to assure, domesticated, ragged, corset, nauseating, to squeeze, to wander, to tweak, to scorch, mishap, to fuse, tacit, undaunted, employer, content, strident, to bolt, overall, apron, inhumanely, cinder, gingerly, tedious, to chase, to clutter, unison, to waft, filthy, reverse, magnitude, coma, to burrow, yielding.
○ Exercise 2
Pronounce the words or phrases where the following clusters occur.
1. plosive + m
offered me, let me, consisted mainly, told me, it made me, doesn't matter, took myself, good morning.
2. plosive/s + w
world's worst, had wandered, tweaking, between, sleep well, swept, quite, twice, cluttered up with.
3. plosive + plosive
odd jobs, ragged pairs, horrid condition, dropped, had just, it gave, terrific burst, might go, bolted down, good time, dustpan.
4. plosive + 1
had left, diligently, people, reluctantly, clock, distinctly, table, little, listlessly.
5. plosive + r
address, attractive, grubby, and rather, bridge, trifling, electric, agreement, practical, groomed, aprons, trail, broken, trouble, grimy.
○ Exercise 3
Pronounce correctly and say what kind of false assimilation one should avoid in the phrases below.
Was thoroughly, was still, is something, wants someone, is that, was thankfullness.
○ Exercise 4
Transcribe the phrases and mark phonetic phenomena in them.
I was the world's worst ironer ...
Its strident note terrified me right out of bed ...
... but it seemed quite simple.
○ Exercise 5
Intone the sentences, addressed to someone. Practise their ponunciation. Make up your own examples.
Good \morning, | ,Monica, | I 'hope you are 'getting 'on all \right. ||
^Goodness, | ,Monica, | I 'thought you'd 'gone \
hours a,go. ||
EXERCISES
Exercise 1
Find in the passage and translate sentences containing synonyms or synonymous expressions for the following.
experienced worker servant
to do one's laundry washing the plates
to wring tidy
wastebin casual jobs
to do the cleaning worn
to smudge dirty
domestic work silent
Exercise 2
Pick out from the text 1) verbs denoting different kinds of housework activities; 2) nouns denoting various tools used in housework; 3) adverbs describing the manner of doing housework.
►Pattern:
1) to wash, ...
2) a bowl, ...
3) diligently, ...
Exercise 3
Complete the sentences taking the necessary information from the passage.
1. As Miss Cattermole refrained from telling the agency what she thought of Monica they rang her up and ...
2. Monica assured the agency that she was ...
3. Mrs. Robertson wanted Monica twice a week ...
4. The pile of washing left on the bathroom floor didn't look attractive as it consisted of...
5. To do the washing Monica made a huge bowl of ...
6. When she hung out the clothes she flew back to the bath room and was discovered ...
7. Mrs. Robertson wanted Monica to come back the next day ...
8. Mrs. Robertson's best camisole ...
9. The electric iron gave off a terrific burst of blue sparks because ...
10. Monica found her perspective employer quite amusing and she thought it would be marvellous ...
11. Before laying a fire Monica put on ...
12. The trouble about housework is that ...
13. While bending down to sweep up the cinders Monica ...
14. Trying to get the dirt into the dustpan Monica went through ...
15. It didn't occur to Monica to wash up as she cooked ...
16. On the floor lay the plates and dishes and the sink ...
17. When Monica finished doing all the jobs her back ... and she arrived home ...
Exercise 4
I. The author uses analogous words or expressions to denote the same things. Find them in the text and say how otherwise the author puts the following.
dirty — to collect ash in —
to do washing — to flow back —
grubby — cluttered up —
hideous — to be thoroughly domesticated
a mark — at a moment's notice —
II. Use your English-English dictionary and explain the difference in meaning between similar looking words or phrases from the text.
washing — washing up
to squeeze something — to squeeze something on to something
to drop something — to drop something in something
to go — to go along to hang —
to hang out — to hang up by the heels
Exercise 5
Provide your own words or phrases similar and opposite in meaning to the following.
►
Gingerly, horrid, a mess, tacit, ragged, to clear up, to come off, tedious, thankfulness, to disappear.
Exercise 6
Choose the right word or phrase for each of the sentences below. Use each of them only once:
Become a mess of an even greater magnitude, a hideous mess, be piled high with plates and dishes, neat, thoroughly domesticated, "Daily", up by the heels, cookery-books, get some practical experience, get it into the dustpan, a "Liver-in".
1. Monica was happy that she was a ... and not a ....
2. Doing the work of a flat any young girl can ... .
3. The trouble about housework is that if you leave things till tomorrow it will ....
4. My brother never makes his bed or tidies his own room so it's always in ... .
5. ... are very helpful if you cannot cook well enough.
6. My elder sister is .... She can iron and do the washing and she's an excellent cook.
7. Men can do very many things: lay a fire, repair electrical appliances but they hate washing up. When they stay alone a sink may ... .
8. Hanging out the clothes Mum hangs socks and stockings ... .
9. Little Bob was told to sweep up the dirt but he couldn't.... 10. If you often do cleaning your flat looks ....
Exercise 7
Give the English equivalents for the following Russian words and phrases.
A.
Рассортировать; полоскать; отдельные мелкие поручения; убирать очень маленькую квартиру; по локти в мыле; опытный работник; опереться рукой о стену; закатать рукава; замести в совок; делать что-либо неправильно; вытереть руки о рабочий халат; грязь хорошо отмылась; ещё больший беспорядок; отжимать; развешивать; выворачивать; прожечь; передник; разжигать огонь; подметать; грязный контур; тереть намыленной тряпкой; оставить грязную отметину; развести порошок в тазу; гладить; гора белья для стирки; уметь делать всё по дому; хозяйничать на кухне; прислуга, выполняющая обязанности кухарки и горничной.
В.
Удержаться от того, чтобы сказать; затраченное время; полный надежд; ни свет ни заря; оставить всё как есть; заплатить из расчёта шиллинг за час; у тебя дела идут хорошо; оставить записку; направиться на кухню; оставить до завтра; мелкая неприятность; высказать мнение; что душе угодно; вдруг чудесным образом само собой сделается; приняться за мытьё посуды.
Exercise 8
Replace the phrases in italics with one of the words or phrases below.
to fix the courses a pile of washing
a dustbin to give off a burst of sparks and fuse
to rinse to lay a fire to come off all right
to do odd jobs an old hand
1. Mary's husband is so handy that he could even repair the iron when it sparkled and melted.
2. If you need a container for household refuse
you can buy it at any supermarket.
3. When Jack made a grimy mark on the wall playing football Mum robbed at it with a soapy cloth and she managed to remove it.
4. While doing washing you put clothes through clean water to remove soap.
5.
Mother left a lot of linen for
me to wash.
6. To heat the house Dad first collects ash in a small box and then puts wood ready for lighting.
7.
Before giving a party we bought lots of delicious things and decided what to cook.
8. My wife is quite an expert
at cooking.
9. The employer wanted a Daily for doing casual
jobs.
Exercise 9
Fill in the gaps with prepositions.
1. Monica could guess what Miss Cattermole thought ... her and was grateful that she did not call the agency.
2. The girl had to open the door and answer the telephone covered ... soap to the elbow.
3. The maid in the house did not feel like giving an opinion ... the state of things there.
4. Mrs. Robertson could not hide her annoyance ... the mishap with her best camisole.
5. The two ladies' relations ended ... Mrs. Robertson's paying out the money and saying nothing.
6. The prospective employer was groomed ... the last eyebrow and looked nice.
7. While sweeping up the cinders Monica put her hand ... the wall and made a grubby mark.
8. The stain would not come off and Monica had nothing to do but leave it ... its fate.
9. The Daily had rubbed ... the stain patiently ... a soapy cloth until it came off.
10. Every day the servant had to go ... the tedious business of cleaning, dusting and washing.
11. The most difficult thing about ash is getting it ... the dustpan.
12. Wiping one's hands ... the overall or apron is considered to be a bad habit.
13. An inexperienced cook always rushes to cookery books ... help and wastes a lot of time.
14. At ten Monica started ... the washing-up and at eleven she was still... it though she was enormously tired.
Exercise 10
Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with suitable words or phrases from the text.
1. Nick's grandfather lives alone and has nobody to look after him and do ... of a flat.
2. After... cooking Mrs. Jackson washes up because the sink is piled high with plates and dishes.
3. I couldn't squeeze anything on to the table: it was just ... with peelings, basins, saucepans and spoons.
4. Before sending the linen to the laundry I ... the pile of washing and did the marking.
5. The flat was in a ... condition and it needed decorating.
6. Mary is such a lazy-bones that she always does washing or ironing ... and no wonder it takes her quite twice as long as it should.
7. Mike didn't feel in ... of helping his wife in the home as he was not handy enough.
8. 'There's the phone', — said Grandma. She ... her hands on her apron and rushed to the dining-room to answer the telephone.
9. To keep my room clean and tidy I ... the furniture twice a week using a soapy cloth and also sweep the floor.
10. The agency ... me a job of a Liver-in but I had to refuse.
Exercise 11
Speak about Monica's efforts to carry out her duties as a Daily:
1. in the third person;
2. in the person of Monica;
3. in the person of the woman in the agency;
4. in the person of Mrs. Robertson;
5. in the person of Miss Faulkener.
Exercise 12
Give a character sketch of Monica and describe her attitude towards her duties.
► Use:
to get some experience, one's first experience, one's bad experience, absent-minded, fussy, neat, reliable, handy, an old hand, efficient, good, economical, hard-working, diligently, listlessly, to be domesticated in every way, to leave smth. till tomorrow, ...
Exercise 13
Discussion points.
1. What prevented Monica from becoming thoroughly domesticated: her laziness, her mother's bad example or something else?
2. What is Monica's attitude to her troubles while getting some practical experience?
3. Monica assured the agency that she was thoroughly domesticated in every way. Was she right, in your opinion, or should she have told them the troth?
4. Which of the two employers did Monica like better? Give your reasons.
5. Does anything suggest that Monica can become an experienced housewife?
Exercise 14
Imagine that Monica's employers (Mrs. Robertson and Miss Faulkener), were friends. They discover that they hired the same girl as a Daily. What would they tell each other?
Exercise 15
Imagine what Monica might have done when she worked at Miss Cattermo-le's as a Daily and why she didn't hit it off with her employer.
Exercise 16
Express your opinion on the following.
'...I told myself that there are so many people in the world that it doesn't matter if one doesn't hit it off with one or two of them.'
'The trouble about housework is that whatever you do seems to lead to another job to do or a mess to clear up.'
'...If it was you, you'd be thinking of how depressing it will be tomorrow morning to arrive at crack of dawn and find things filthy.'
Exercise 17
Give a description of:
a) an untidy kitchen
► Use
:
To squeeze something on to something, to be piled high with something, to be cluttered with peelings, basins etc., to be in an awful mess, to spill rice, flour etc., not to manage one's household chores properly, to leak, to drip something all over the floor, to scrub, a stiff brush, ragged;
b) a room in a mess
►Use
:
Unattractive, shabby, broken, to give the place a clean-out, to be littered with something, to stain, finger marks, to put things tidy, to do the repairs, to need decorating, to be crammed with something, to find chaos, not to have been decorated for years, to be in a hideous mess, to be in a horrid condition, to smell unaired, can hardly move about, to knock smth. over, to leave the bed unmade, to be not much of a housewife, to do a thorough turn out;
c) a neat room
► Use:
An efficient housewife, to clean the room from top to bottom, a lovely colour scheme, to look neat, spacious, to have a minimum of furniture, newly decorated, vivid colours of upholstery and paintings, in good taste, to be comfortably furnished with something, potted flowers, spick and span, to vacuum the room, to owe much of its charm to something, to give a bright mood;
d) the most boring house chores
► Use
:
To get bored with something, to make somebody nervous, to hate doing something, to get through the usual tedious business of doing something, to turn a blind eye to the state of things.
Exercise 18
Translate into Russian.
1. When Mum came in she was horrified to see that I hadn't cleared up the mess in my room.
2. My brother and I do hate washing up. Dad persuaded us to form an agreement between us that we should do it in turn.
3. Every other day I sweep the carpets with the carpet-sweeper, or vacuum them and dust the furniture. It really helps me to keep my room clean and tidy.
4. John's son is rather untidy. He always leaves such a mess in his room. John doesn't like things left around in the room and he makes his son tuck things away and clean the room every day.
5. Once a season we turn out our flat. We usually vacuum the floor, the furniture, beat the carpets and rugs, mop the floor, and dust all the rooms. It's a messy and dull job, I should say.
6. Frank is very good at helping his wife. She is proud of him and says that he is always ready to share household chores with her. And apart from that he's an old hand at repairing all sorts of electrical appliances.
7. My wife left a note for me and asked me to vacuum the living-room as we were giving a party that day. That was a chance for me to try out the new vacuum-cleaner and I got on so well that I cleaned the living-room and the bedroom. It was a real joy cleaning with such a marvellous vacuum. 1 was amazed at the speed with which time went when I was working.
8. I was pressed for time and had a lot of work to do about the house. So I bolted down some coffee and started washing up. The kitchen was just in a hideous mess but I realised that I couldn't leave all that till tomorrow, otherwise it would become a mess of a greater magnitude.
9. 'Bill, go and empty the dustbin. It's full. And you didn't wipe your feet on the doormat again', said Bill's mother. She was more than frank in her annoyance over the mess she discovered on her coming back home. It really made her upset.
10. Fiona is so fastidious! When she comes home she starts cleaning the flat and she never finishes until she cleans it from top to bottom. It's so depressing, to my mind. Always the same. I would get bored with all these things. I don't like it when people make a fuss about housekeeping.
Exercise 19
I. Arrange the words and word combinations given below in a logical order to show how you usually do the following household chores:
washing:
to wring (squeeze); to rinse; to sort out the lights, darks, and whites; to hang (out) the laundry on the washing-lines; to starch; to take a wash-basin; to dry the linen; to blue; to add detergent (washing powder); to use laundry soap; to pour out warm water; to bring a pile of washing; to bleach; to do a big wash; to choose a wash(ing) day; to pin with clothes-pegs.
ironing:
to press diligently; to scorch; to iron; to get rid of the creases; to use a damp cloth; to set up an ironing board; to switch on an electric iron.
washing up:
to put cups, etc. in the plate rack; to do the dishes; to dry (up) plates and dishes; to pile everything up tidily; to scrape all scraps of solid food from the dishes; to take washing liquid or laundry soap; to rinse the plates; to start with china and cutlery; to do greasy frying pans and large saucepans; to use a bottlebrush.
dusting the furniture:
to keep clean and tidy; to vacuum; to get through the tedious business of doing something; to throw things away; to mb over with a soapy cloth; to air the room; to use a duster; to look spick and span; to prepare for a messy job.
II. Tell your groupmates how you do the washing, the ironing, etc.
Exercise 20
I. Match the names of household objects with the verbals denoting household chores:
► Pattern:
a) A toaster is used for making toasts.
b) It's nice to have a toaster as you can easily make a couple of pieces of toast for breakfast.
1. a vacuum (cleaner) A. washing up
2. a sewing machine B. ironing and pressing
3. a dish washer C. peeling potatoes
4. a washing machine D. heating a flat
5. an electric iron E. polishing the floor
6. an electric potato-peeler F. beating carpets
7. a floor polisher G. washing clothes
8. a refrigerator (a fridge) H. mixing all sorts of foodstuffs
9. a boiler I. making and mending clothes
10. a carpet beater J. refrigerating food
11. a mixer K. vacuuming (cleaning)
Say which of the household objects you need to perform activities mentioned in the left column.
► Pattern:
a) Dusting the furniture is done best of all if
you have a
soapy cloth.
b) It's much better to use a soapy cloth for dusting the furniture.
1. Cleaning washbasins, sinks and baths A. a detergent
2. washing B. a dustbin
3. mopping the floor C. a stiff brush
4. drying cups and plates D. a washbasin
5. scrubbing the floor E. clothes-lines
6. keeping household refuse F. a broom
7. sweeping the floor G. a dustpan
8. hanging (out) one's washing H. a cleanser
9. washing up I. a plate rack
10. getting the dirt with a broom J. a mop
Exercise 21
Work in groups. Tell your partners about: a) a disappointing experience you had while doing household chores; b) an experience you had that was unexpectedly pleasant. Ask your partners for comment.
Exercise 22
Work in threes. Find out from your partners who they consider to be an efficient housewife. Make notes and summarize the main points.
Exercise 23
Work in pairs. Make up a dialogue: "I hate doing everyday domestic chores", "I enjoy doing everyday domestic chores". Use the vocabulary of the Lesson.
Exercise 24
Translate from Russian into English using words and expressions from the lesson.
1. Вести хозяйство, конечно, не просто, но моя мама любит всем этим заниматься. И если она делает уборку, то не останавливается до тех пор, пока весь дом не будет безукоризненно чистым.
2. Мы откровенно поговорили и сошлись на том, что я буду помогать жене по дому: мыть посуду, иногда гладить, выносить ведро и, само собой разумеется, раз в три месяца буду делать генеральную уборку.
3. У тебя есть возможности приобрести практический опыт. Только не ленись, и ты всему научишься. Домашние дела утомительны, но если ты все будешь откладывать на завтра, твоя квартира скоро будет в ужасном состоянии.
4. Я хочу почистить ванну и раковину на кухне, но у меня нет ни чистящего средства, ни просто порошка. Может, хозяйственное мыло сгодится. Если как следует потереть жёсткой щёткой, то все пятна отойдут.
5. Пока Сюзанна стирала в ванной бельё, телефон все время звонил именно тогда, когда у неё руки были по локоть в мыле. Приходилось каждый раз вытирать их о передник и то и дело бегать к телефону.
6. Моя тётушка сожгла очередное платье.Она такая рассеянная, что каждый раз, когда гладит, что-нибудь подпалит.
7. Мои друзья полны надежд. Они купили посудомоечную машину и теперь радуются, что посуду будут мыть один раз в день, да и то не своими руками. Конечно, это так экономит время и силы!
8. Мне нравится пылесосить. Это удобней, чем подметать пол шваброй. Нагибаться не надо и специальными щетками можно убрать пыль под любой мебелью — диваном, креслом, плитой. Совсем не тратишь никаких усилий.
9. Я посадила пятно на блузку. Потёрла осторожно мыльной тряпкой, но пятно не сошло, а, наоборот, стало ещё больше.
10. Когда ведёшь хозяйство, приходится заниматься обычными утомительными делами: стиркой, уборкой, мытьём посуды, гладить, готовить.
11. Мой сын совсем неопытен в домашних делах. Поэтому, когда он моет посуду, ему не приходит в голову, что сначала надо всё аккуратно разобрать, вымыть чашки и стаканы, затем — тарелки и приборы, а уж в самом конце — жирные кастрюли и сковородки.
12. В раковине высилась гора посуды и даже на полу стояли кастрюли. Стол был усыпан очистками и уставлен мисками. В общем, на кухне был ужасный беспорядок.
13. Мэри развесила бельё на верёвке и прикрепила прищепками. Чулки повесила пятками вверх.
14. Я смертельно устала после генеральной уборки. Но ничего не поделаешь. Само собой ничего не делается. Приходится тратить время и силы, чтобы привести дом в порядок. Зато как чисто теперь в доме!
Exercise 25
Problem points.
Read the passages below and say what you think of men sharing house chores with women. Give your reasons. Ask your groupmates 1) if they find it necessary to distinguish between men's and women's domestic chores;
2) if men can manage domestic chores properly; 3) if they have ever met an ideal househusband; 4) what they think of feminists.
A.
Waiting for my wash in one of Virginia Tech's laundries, I watched a young man doing what was obviously his first load of laundry.
After finding a free sorting table, he carefully separated his clothes into three piles — lights, darks and whites. As he did so he smiled to himself, perhaps proud of remembering his mother's instructions. Then, after starting a machine and adding detergent, he confidently loaded the wash tub — with all three piles.
(from «Readers Digest»)
B.
Claudia thinks of herself as a feminist. She is sure that women should have the same rights, power and opportunities as men. A housewife, to her mind, is an unwaged worker and she just cannot put up with it. So she is trying to change her husband's daily routine making him share the house chores with her. Unfortunately, he is not much of a househusband, unlike my husband who is strikingly different and is really handy.
Claudia regards my husband as the perfect model and thinks I am lucky to have such a partner. And it is true. John helps a fair amount with the household work. He is quite helpful when we do a thorough cleaning. Taking down and putting up the curtains, tidying up, vacuuming the rooms — all this is his part, to say nothing of the man's work which he has to do from time to time. If something goes wrong — the plumbing may get clogged or start leaking or the tap may start dripping — I never call a plumber. John can mend it himself. If an electrical appliance — be it a mixer or a washing machine — gets out of order we never call a maintenance worker as my husband can fix anything. If our flat needs decorating it is John who papers the rooms, plasters the walls and the ceiling. Once Bobby broke the window and my husband glazed it in no time. We do not need a TV repairman — John can even fix televisions. All my friends say he has a wonderful pair of hands. Last year he finished building our country house and we have quite a large lot — so my husband's spare time is used in gardening and we can always enjoy fresh vegetables. Isn't it nice? Well, my dear, dear husband — he never keeps track of what he does. We really share everything with him. My son and I, we usually break things while my poor husband sets them right.
And how about Claudia's husband — a victim of feminism? Just fancy! She made a list of the house chores he is supposed to do this week. She wants him to nail the picture. Frankly speaking, I doubt he could pound a nail in let alone hang a picture. Mind you, he can tell a hammer from a spoon, but Claudia wants him to paint the floor in the kitchen, and I am sure if he did the paint would peel in a week. She hopes he will cover the bathroom wall with tiles but he can't stick a thing.
You may think he is not a man. But he is. I think him very, very intelligent and generous and well-mannered. The problem is he is no match for a feminist wife. She may do her best to change him but the most he can do is take their dog for a walk. Even then, watching them it's hard to tell who's taking who.
Exercise 26
Work in pairs. Ask your partner the questions given below and find out how his/her family keeps house.
1. Who runs the house in your family?
2. Do other members share household chores with your mother?
3. What work about the house do you do every day and what is done once a season?
4. What makes your home cosy?
5. What labour-saving devices do you have at home?
6. Do you vacuum the floor or sweep it with a broom? Do you ever use a mop to clean the floor?
7. Is your flat crammed with things or does it have just a minimum of furniture in it?
8. How often is a thorough turn-out done in your family? Are you usually tired after the thorough clean-up?
9. How often do you redecorate the rooms? Do you do your own redecoration and repairing or do you prefer to have it done?
Exercise 27
Give the Russian equivalents to the following English idioms including some words and word combinations used in the Lesson. Try to understand whether they have anything to do with the topic discussed.
wash
to wash one's dirty linen in the public it will all come out in the wash
sweep
a new broom sweeps clean iron
to have (put) many (too many) irons in the fire
dust
to shake dust from one's feet to dust somebody's coat for him to throw dust into somebody's eyes to give somebody a dusting
dustbin
to throw into the dustbin (waste-basket)
soap
soft soap
mess
to clear up the mess to (be) in a mess
house
to keep a good house (table)
to keep the house
to put one's house in order
Exercise 28
Highlight the meanings of the English proverbs and use them in situations of your own.
1. As is the workman so is the work.
2. No pain no gain.
3. Haste makes waste.
4. A stitch in time saves nine.
5. Well begun is half done.
Exercise 29
Translate the quotations and comment upon them.
'A woman's place is in the house ... and the Senate.'
Bumper sticker, Washington, D.C.
'Housekeeping ain't no joke.'
Louise May Alcott
'There was no need to do any housework at all. After the first four years the dirt doesn't get any worse.'
Quentin Crist
'The whole process of homemaking, housekeeping and cooking which ever has been woman's special province should be looked on as an art and a profession.'
Sarah Joseph Hale
Exercise 30
Role-play "The Meeting in the Women's Club"
Setting:
Women's club "Housewives United".
Situation:
Housewives of York community usually gather on Saturday evenings in their women's club. On this day they have a chat about their domestic chores.
Characters:
Card I-II Rosie and Lizzie Two sisters who often help each other.
Card III-IV Lola and Paula. Two divorced friends, feminists, who hate domestic work.
Card V-VI Gracie and Tracey. Two widows who live alone now but go to see their married daughters every week and help them about the house.
Card VII-VIII Molly and Dolly. Two friends, mothers of families with five children.
Card IX-X Anita and Augusta. Two career women with no children. Anita is lucky to have a househusband.
WRITING
Exercise 1
Learn the spelling of the italicized words from Introductory Reading
and exercise 1 on page 93 and be ready to write a dictation.
Exercise 2
In the table below, list in note form the advantages and disadvantages of:
1. handwashing;
2. machine washing;
3. sending the washing to the laundry.
Use the following structures:
One advantage of doing washing by hand is that
you can ...
The trouble with doing your own laundry is that
you don't (can't) ...
The main drawback of washing things by hand is that
the clothes and linen ...
| Advantages |
Disadvantages |
—
—
—
—
—
|
—
—
—
—
—
|
Exercise 3
Expand your notes into a paragraph of 100 words summarizing the main advantages and disadvantages of having a washing-machine as compared to hand washing and taking the washing to the laundry. Write which way of doing the washing is preferable for your family.
Note:
A paragraph is a piece of writing which consists of a number of closely related sentences developing one idea. A well written paragraph should display three features: unity, balanced length and balanced structure.
Unity means that the paragraph deals with one topic only, which may be expressed in the topic sentence opening the paragraph. In further sentences the topic is developed and is logically brought to the last sentence which sums up the ideas.
Balanced length means that neither the paragraph itself, nor the sentences constituting it should be too long (longer than three lines).
Balanced structure means that each sentence must lead to the following one and all must be linked up. All sentences should be arranged in a clear logical order. If the paragraph itself is a part of a larger unit, it must show some reference to the preceding or following paragraphs. To provide this there may be linking sentences. They either take up the thread of previous paragraphs or state the theme for the following paragraphs.
Exercise 4
Write an essay on one of the following topics.
1. How I Did a Thorough Cleaning.
2. I'm the World's Worst Ironer/Washer.
3. Mum Is the Best Housewife I Have Ever Met.
4. Dad Hates Doing Everyday Domestic Chores.
Lesson 5 SHOPPING FOR FOOD
INTRODUCTORY READING AND TALK
Buying foodstuffs
in a modern supermarket can be considered a sort of art. It is the art of combating a temptation.
Supermarkets play a dirty trick on the customers:
practically every shopper is tempted to buy
things he or she does not need or cannot afford.
The mechanism of this lamentable deceit is simple. Firstly, supermarkets are laid out
to make a person pass as many shelves
and counters
as possible. Only the hardest of souls can pass loaded racks indifferently and not collect all sorts of food
from them.
Secondly, more and more supermarkets supply customers with trolleys
instead of wire baskets:
their bigger volume needs more purchases.
One picks up
a small item,
say, a pack of spaghetti, puts it into a huge trolley and is immediately ashamed of its loneliness. He or she starts adding more.
Thirdly, all products are nicely displayed on the racks
and all of them look fresh in their transparent wrappings
with marked prices.
A normal person cannot ignore attractively packed goods.
And so one cannot but feel an impulse to buy. And, finally, supermarkets don't forget about those who look for bargains.
The so-called "bargain bins"
filled with special offers
wait for their victims. No one can tell for sure if the prices are really reduced,
but it is so nice to boast later that you have a very good eye for a bargain.
So when a simple-hearted customer approaches a check-out,
his or her trolley is piled high.
Looking at a cashier, running her pen over barcodes,
he or she starts getting nervous while the cash register is adding up the prices.
And, getting a receipt,
he or she gives a sigh of relief if the indicated sum
does not exceed the cash he or she has.
Of course, one can give a piece of advice to the simple-hearted: compile a shopping list
and buy only pre-planned goods.
But is it worth losing that great sensation of buying? One can really wonder.
A lot of people prefer to do their shopping
in small shops.
The daily shopping route of some housewives includes visits to the baker's, butcher's, grocer's, greengrocer's, fishmonger's and a dairy shop.
In the end of the route their bags are full of loaves of bread, meat cuts, packs with cereals, fruit, vegetables, fish and dairy products.
Only very strong women can call in at the tobacconist's
after all that.
The explanation for this housewives' craze is very simple. In every shop their buys are weighed, wrapped up,
their money taken
and the change given back.
Meanwhile they can have a chat with salesgirls
and shop-assistants
about their weak hearts and broken hopes.
So, friends, go shopping
as often as you can. Because the simple truth is: a visit to a good shop is worth two visits to a good doctor.
1. Fancy that you take a little child to a supermarket for the first time. Explain to him what you see around and what one should do.
2. Describe a) the supermarket closest to your block of flats;
b) your favourite supermarket.
3. Say how you buy goods in an ordinary shop and in a supermarket.
4. Say what one can buy in the shops mentioned in the text (baker's, butcher's, etc.)
○ TEXT
Shopping for One
(A story by Anne Cassidy. Abridged)
Supermarkets are much the same the world over — especially the queues at check-out points. What extraordinary things other people are buying! There are odd snatches of overheard conversation too. But what if one is living alone, 'Shopping for one'?
'So what did you say?' Jean heard the blonde woman in front of her talking to her friend.
'Well,' the darker woman began, 'I said I'm not having that woman there. I don't see why I should. I mean I'm not being old-fashioned but I don't see why I should have to put up with her at family occasions.1
After all...'
Jean noticed the other woman giving an accompaniment of nods and headshaking at the appropriate parts.2
They fell into silence and the queue moved forward a couple of steps.
Jean felt her patience beginning to itch.3
Looking into her wire basket she counted ten items. That meant she couldn't go through the quick till4
but simply had to wait behind elephantine shopping loads; giant bottles of coke crammed in beside twenty-pound bags of potatoes and 'special offer' drums of bleach. Somewhere at the bottom, Jean thought, there was always a plastic carton of eggs or a see-through tray of tomatoes which fell casualty to the rest.5
There was nothing else for it — she'd just have to wait.
'After all,' the dark woman resumed her conversation, 'how would it look if she was there when I turned up?'6
Her friend shook her head slowly from side to side and ended with a quick nod.
Should she have got such a small size salad cream? Jean wasn't sure. She was sick of throwing away half-used bottles of stuff.
'He came back to you after all,' the blonde woman suddenly said. Jean looked up quickly and immediately felt her cheeks flush. She bent over and began to rearrange the items in her shopping basket.
'On his hands and knees,' the dark woman spoke in a triumphant voice. 'Begged me take him back.'
She gritted her teeth together. Should she go and change it for a larger size? Jean looked behind and saw that she was hemmed in by three large trollies. She'd lose her place in the queue. There was something so pitiful about buying small sizes of everything. It was as though everyone knew.
'You can always tell a person by their shopping,'7
was one of her mother's favourite maxims. She looked into her shopping basket: individual fruit pies, small salad cream, yoghurt, tomatoes, cat food and a chicken quarter.
The cashier suddenly said, 'Make it out to J. Sainsbury PLC.' She was addressing a man who had been poised and waiting to write out a cheque for a few moments. His wife was loading what looked like a gross offish fingers8
into a cardboard box marked "Whiskas". It was called a division of labour.
Jean looked again at her basket and began to feel the familiar feeling of regret that visited her from time to time. Hemmed in between family-size cartons of cornflakes and giant packets of washing-powder, her individual yoghurt seemed to say it all.9
She looked up towards a plastic bookstand which stood beside the till. A slim glossy hardback caught her eye. The words Cooking for One
screamed out from the front cover. Think of all the oriental foods you can get into,10
her friend had said. He was so traditional after all. Nodding in agreement with her thoughts Jean found herself eye to eye with the blonde woman, who gave her a blank, hard look and handed her what looked like a black plastic ruler with the words "Next customer please" printed on it in bold letters. She turned back to her friend. Jean put the ruler down on the conveyor belt.11
She thought about their shopping trips, before, when they were together. All that rushing round, he pushing the trolley dejectedly, she firing questions at him. Salmon? Toilet rolls? Coffee? Peas? She remembered he only liked the processed kind.12
It was all such a performance. Standing there holding her wire basket, embarrassed by its very emptiness, was like something out of a soap opera.
'Of course, we've had our ups and downs,13
' the dark woman continued, lazily passing a few items down to her friend.
Jean began to load her food on to the conveyor belt. She picked up the cookery book and felt the frustrations of indecision. It was only ninety pence but it seemed to define everything, to pinpoint her aloneness, to prescribe an empty future. She put it back in its place.
'So that's why I couldn't have her there you see,' the dark woman was summing up. The friends exchanged knowing expressions and the blonde woman got her purse out of a neat leather bag. She peeled off three ten pound notes and handed them to the cashier.
Jean opened her carrier bag ready for her shopping. She turned to watch the two women as they walked off, the blonde pushing the trolley and the other seemingly carrying on with her story.
The cashier was looking expectantly at her and Jean realized that she had totalled up. It was four pounds and eighty-seven pence. She had the right money, it just meant sorting her change out. She had an inclination that the people behind her were becoming impatient. She noticed their stack of items all lined and waiting, it seemed, for starters orders.14
Brown bread and peppers, olive oil and, in the centre, a packet of beefburgers.
She gave over her money and picked up her carrier bag. She felt a sense of relief to be away from the mass of people. She felt out of place.15
Walking out of the door she wondered what she might have for tea. Possibly chicken, she thought, with salad. Walking towards her car she thought that she should have bought the cookery book after all. She suddenly felt much better in the fresh air. She'd buy it next week. And in future she'd buy a large salad cream. After all, what if people came round unexpectedly?
Proper Names
Anne Cassidy ['{n 'k{sIdI] — Энн Кэссиди
Jean [³i:n] — Джин
J. Sainsbury PLC ['³eI 'seInsb@rI 'pi: 'el 'si:] — компания Джей Сэйнсбери (прим.: PLC — Privately Licensed Company — частная лицензированная компания)
Whiskas ['wIsk@s] — Вискас (Прим.: корм для кошек)
Vocabulary Notes
1. ... why I should have to put up with her at family occasions. — ... с какой стати я должна мириться с её присутствием на семейных праздниках.
2. ... giving an accompaniment of nods and headshaking at the appropriate parts. — ... в такт словам то кивала, то качала головой.
3. Jean felt her patience beginning to itch. — Джин чувствовала, что её терпение заканчивается.
4. ... the quick till ... — ... касса-экспресс ...
5. ... a see-through tray of tomatoes which fell casualty to the rest. — ... прозрачный лоток с помидорами, придавленный другими покупками.
6. ... when I turned up? ... когда я бы вдруг пришла?
7. You can always tell a person by their shopping. — Всегда можно определить, что за человек перед тобой, по его покупкам.
8. ... a gross of fish fingers ... — ... оптовая закупка рыбных палочек ...
9. ... her individual yoghurt seemed to say it all. — ... казалось, что её единственная упаковка йогурта говорит сама за себя.
10. Think of all the oriental foods you can get into ... — Как подумаешь, каких только ни бывает восточных продуктов ...
11. Jean put the ruler down on the conveyor belt. — Джин положила линейку на конвейер. (Прим.: В западных супермаркетах для экономии времени несколько покупателей выгружают продукты на конвейер одновременно. Для того, чтобы кассир видела, где граница, покупатели кладут пластиковую линейку яркого цвета между своими и чужими покупками.)
12. ... processed kind. — ... консервированный.
13. Of course, we've had our ups and downs ... — Конечно, у нас бывало то лучше, то хуже ...
14. ... for starters orders. — ... сигналов стартеров.
15. She felt out of place. — Ей было не по себе.
Phonetic Text Drills
○ Exercise 1
Transcribe and pronounce correctly the words from the text.
Queue, extraordinary, accompaniment, appropriate, couple, to itch, wire, elephantine, giant, carton, casualty, stuff, rearrange, triumphant, trolley, maxim, yoghurt, quarter, cashier, to poise, cheque, gross, oriental, conveyor, dejectedly, salmon, processed, purse, leather, to total.
○ Exercise 2
Pronounce the words and phrases where the following clusters occur.
1. Plosive + 1
Couple, simply, plastic, immediately, what looked, glossy, blank, hard look, dejectedly, expectantly, possibly.
2. Plosive + w
Blonde woman, that woman, put up with her, quick, twenty, dark woman, ended with a quick nod, between, agreement with her thoughts, questions, and waiting.
○ Exercise 3
Pronounce after the announcer. Say what kind of false assimilation one should avoid in the following cases.
1. Of her, of steps, of tomatoes, of throwing, of stuff, of course, we've had, of people, out of place.
2. Was there, size salad, was sick, was something, as though, was so, with salad.
3. Noticed the-other, at the bottom, put the ruler, about their shopping, liked the processed kind, felt the frustration, that the people, noticed their stack, bought the book.
○ Exercise 4
Consult the dictionary and put stresses in the following compound nouns.
Half-used, cardboard, twenty-pound, family-size, cornflakes, washing-powder, hardback, pinpoint, eighty-seven, beefburgers.
○ Exercise 5
I. Intone the following general questions.
'Should she have 'got such a ↑small 'size 'salad /cream? ||
'Should she 'go and 'change it for a 'larger /size? ||
II. Explain why the following special question is pronounced with a rising intonation.
So 'what did you /say?
Comprehension Check
1. Whom did Jean hear talking in the queue?
2. Why was Jean's patience beginning to itch?
3. Why couldn't Jean go through the quick till?
4. When did Jean begin to rearrange the items in her shopping basket?
5. Was Jean the last in the queue or not?
6. What did Jean see in her own shopping basket?
7. Whom did the cashier suddenly address?
8. What caught Jean's eye suddenly? Why?
9. What did Jean remember about the shopping trips with her friend?
10. Why did Jean put the book back in its place?
11. How much did the blonde woman pay?
12. Did Jean see the two women leave the shop or not?
13. How much did Jean pay?
14. Why did Jean think that people behind her were becoming impatient?
15. What did Jean feel after she had left the supermarket?
16.What did Jean think about while she was going towards her car?
17. What did she suddenly decide?
EXERCISES
Exercise 1
I. Find in the text words or phrases similar in meaning to the following.
A cash desk, a purchase, coca-cola, a plastic bag, big size cartons, to calculate, goods, a heap, half-empty.
II. Give your own words or expressions similar in meaning to the ones from the text.
To pinpoint, to fire questions, to rearrange, to give a blank look, to catch one's eye, a snatch of conversation, to flush, to grit one's teeth together, to beg.
Exercise 2
Below see the list of the words from the text. Think of words opposite in meaning to them.
extraordinary oriental
appropriate traditional
triumphant empty
familiar to push
individual indecision
impatient to buy
Exercise 3
The author herself uses synonymous words and expressions in the text. Say how otherwise the author puts the following.
to count — to continue —
to give over money — small salad cream—
elephantine — write out a check —
wire basket —cram in —
Exercise 4
When postpositions are added to verbs, the meanings of the latter can utterly change. Choose the right one from the two given in brackets. Explain the difference in meanings.
1. (put; put up)
a) The dark woman ... all the stuff into her carrier bag.
b) Jean thought that she had to ... with a loss of time.
2. (turn; turn up)
a) Jean ... her head and saw a queue behind her.
b) Jean remembered the time when he suddenly ... and they went on their shopping trips.
3. (pick; pick up)
a) The customers ... goods from the racks while walking along the aisles.
b) Last summer there were a lot of blueberries in the forest. We often went there to ... them.
4. (make; make out)
a) The gentleman at the till asked the cashier to ... a bill for him.
b) Jean thought that she would ... a salad in the evening, probably with chicken.
5. (write; write out)
a) When Jean and he were together they sometimes ... letters to each other.
b) He always paid in cash and never ... cheques.
6. (carry; carry on)
a) A lot of women never ... heavy bags, as they think it to be not ladylike.
b) The people in the queue were interested in the end of the story and she ... with it.
7. (pass; pass down)
a) The woman at the till... the cardboard box to her husband and they both left.
b) Jean ... the rack with family-size cartons of cornflakes indifferently.
8. (come; come round)
a) Parting with her friend Jean tried to seem careless and said casually, '... some time'.
b) '...to see me', the blonde woman said to her friend.
9. (cram; cram in)
a) Though the box was already full the woman managed to ... the last pack offish fingers among the rest.
b) The supermarket was ... with customers on that day.
10. (walk, walk off)
a) Jean never ... to the supermarket as the way was far too long; she went there by car.
b) Slowly Jean ... from the supermarket deep in her thoughts.
Exercise 5
Find the English equivalents to the following words or expressions.
A.
Снять с полки; лента конвейера; поменять на что-либо большего размера; заплатить; продвинуться на пару шагов; перекладывать покупки; большие упаковки; походы по магазинам; найти мелочь; беготня; потерять свою очередь; выкладывать продукты на конвейер; пройти через экспресс-кассу; насчитать десять покупок; определить, что за человек, судя по его покупкам; передавать кому-либо покупки; отсчитать три банкноты; подсчитать общую сумму; оптовая закупка; выписать чек (два варианта); отдать деньги кассиру; груда покупок.
В
.
Мириться с чьим-либо присутствием; семейные праздники; замолчать; на дне (корзины); качать головой; в конце концов; сжать зубы; любимая поговорка; разделение труда; время от времени; попасться на глаза; мыльная опера; бывало то лучше, то хуже; продолжить рассказ; смотреть выжидающе; почувствовать облегчение; ей было не по себе; почувствовать себя намного лучше на свежем воздухе; в будущем.
Exercise 6
I. Pick out from the text the terms used to denote:
a) objects we use to put our purchases in,
b) amounts or quantities of some stuff,
c) certain details of the interior in a supermarket,
d) names of foodstuffs and drinks.
II. Make up a list of products which Jean saw
a) in her own wire basket,
b) in other people's baskets or trollies.
III. Find and read aloud sentences saying
a) what Jean thought of herself and her purchases,
b) what Jean thought of other people and their purchases.
Exercise 7
Find in the text sentences containing the words given below. Consult the dictionary to pick out all their meanings. Illustrate these meanings with your own examples.
wire stuff cover belt beg
item quarter bold roll change
Exercise 8
Complete the statements by choosing the answer which you think fits best.
1. Mother never buys goods displayed on the racks with the notice "... offer".
A. specific B. special C. particular
2. The customers are asked to load their purchases on to the conveyor ....
A. strap B. line C. belt
3. It is a lot more convenient to push a ... than to carry a wire basket in a supermarket.
A. trolley B. roller C. van
4. While shopping my brother always tries to go through a ... till, as he hates queues.
A. swift B. fast C. quick
5. Housewives prefer to buy ... packets of stuff, as it is a little bit cheaper.
A. gross-size B. family-size C. block-size
6. Sometimes the queues at... points are so long that the idea of leaving the supermarket without buying anything may look attractive.
A. check-out B. check-in C. check-up
7. Customers are not allowed to put things in their own bags in supermarkets; they are suposed to use ....
A. iron baskets B. shop baskets C. wire baskets
8. A lot of people prefer to ... a cheque than to pay in cash.
A. write out B. write in C. write up
9. Salesgirls usually put all goods bought in a supermarket into ... for the customers' convenience.
A. trade bags B. carrier bags C. supermarket bags
10. 'Here's your ... from a ten-pound note', said the cashier giving me three pounds.
A. exchange B. change C. bill
Exercise 9
Work in pairs. Discuss with your partner some interesting shopping experience. Use at least five expressions from the list below.
To fall into silence, to be sure, to be sick of throwing away something, to feel one's cheeks flush, on one's hands and knees, to grit one's teeth together, to look behind, a favourite maxim, from time to time, to scream out from the front cover, foods one can get into, after all, eye to eye, to give a blank look, to hand somebody something, bold letters, to fire questions, a soap opera, ups and downs, to sum up, to carry on with the story, to have the right money, a sense of relief, to be away from, to feel out of place, to feel better in the fresh air, to come round unexpectedly, to torn up, to catch one's eye.
Exercise 10
Fill in the gaps with the prepositions from the list: into, through, of, together, for, by, beside, in, on to.
1. The girl thought that glass bottles of milk would be too heavy to carry and changed them ... plastic packets.
2. One can tell a good customer ... the way he or she chooses goods.
3. The lady screamed and all people in the hall immediately fell ... silence.
4. The guard from the security service helped the lady to go out of the shop and she felt better ... the fresh air.
5. Anyone can get sick... the long queues at check-out points.
6. The customers are asked to put the stuff...... the conveyor belt.
7. If one has got not more than three items, he or she can go ... a quick till.
8. When the queue is too long one can do nothing but grit his or her teeth ... and wait dutifully.
9. The most annoying thing about shopping is standing ... the till and watching how slowly people pay.
Exercise 11
Express the same idea using different wording and grammar.
1. Jean noticed the other woman giving an accompaniment of nods and headshaking at the appropriate parts.
2. Jean felt her patience beginning to itch.
3. There was nothing else for it — she'd just have to wait.
4. She was sick of throwing away half-used bottles.
5. Jean looked behind and saw that she was hemmed in by three large trollies.
6. She was addressing a man who had been poised and waiting to write out a cheque for a few moments.
7. Jean looked again at her basket and began to feel the familiar feeling of regret that visited her from time to time.
8. Nodding in agreement with her thoughts Jean found herself eye to eye with the blonde woman.
9. She picked up the cookery book and felt the frustration of indecision.
10. She peeled off three ten pound notes and handed them to the cashier.
11. She had the right money, it just meant sorting her change out.
12. She had an inclination that the people behind her were becoming impatient.
13. She noticed their stack of items all lined and waiting, it seemed, for starters orders.
14. She felt a sense of relief to be away from the mass of people.
Exercise 12
Find the bit starting with the following words and explain why Jean was feeling that way
'Jean looked up quickly and ...'
'She gritted her teeth together ...'
'Jean looked again at her basket and began to feel ...'
'It was all such a performance.'
'She suddenly felt much better in the fresh air.'
Exercise 13
Speak about Jean's visit to the supermarket:
1. in the third person;
2. in the person of Jean herself;
3. in the person of the blonde woman;
4. in the person of the cashier.
Exercise 14
Discussion points.
1. What can you say about Jean as a person? Try to derive information from the minor details of her behaviour.
2. Was parting with her friend a shocking experience for Jean or not?
3. What can you say about the two women?
4. Do you agree that one can always tell a person by their shopping?
5. Why does the story end with a question? What does it mean?
Exercise 15
I. Imagine that your mother gives you a shopping list, which you see below. Think in what shops you can buy these things and put the names of items in the graphs of the chart.
a loaf of brown bread 1 kg of pork
1 large cod a bottle of vinegar
1 kg of pork 2 medium-sized herrings
3 lemons a tin of sardines in oil
0.3 kg of ham 2 kg of potatoes
1 small cabbage a large chicken
a tin of condensed milk biscuits
a bunch of radishes a bag ofnour
a drum of margarine a 0.5 kg pack of sour cream
0.5 kg of cheese0.2 kg of butter
| dairy shop |
butcher's |
baker's |
fishmonger's |
grocer's |
greengrocer's |
II. Sum up what you have written and say what and where you can buy.
► Pattern:
I can buy ... at the baker's.
Exercise 16
I. Match the phrases in the left column with the words in the right column.
1. a bottle of A. jam
2. a packet of B. parsley
3. a dmm of C. toothpaste
4. a cake of D. cleanser
5. a carton of E. juice
6. a jar of F. chocolates
7. a tin ofG. eggs
8. a tube ofH. honey
9. a bunch ofI. sugar
10. a box ofJ. soap
11. a tub ofK. luncheon meat
II. Think and say what else can be sold in cartons, bunches, etc.
Exercise 17
I. Look through the list of products and say which of them are sold in Russia:
1) by the kilo,
2) by quantity,
3) by tens.
Fish, carrots, kiwi, meat, eggs, pineapples, sausages, rye bread, oranges.
II. Look through the list of products and say which of them are soldin Great Britain:
1) by lbs*
2) by quantity
3) by dozens.
* lb — abbreviation from the Latin word "libra" — «фунт», in speech it is pronounced "pound". E.g. 3 lbs — three pounds.
Cheese, lemons, grapes, white bread, ham, mangoes, eggs, potatoes, chickens.
III. Say which products from the list below are priced:
1) per kilo,
2) per each.
Onions, tomatoes, wheat bread, tinned meat, cabbages, mangoes, buns, chops, apples, cucumbers.
Exercise 18
Exclude from the lists below products which cannot be sold as preprepared, frozen, dried, tinned.
| pre-prepared |
frozen |
dried |
tinned |
garlics
steaks
fish fillet potatoes tomatoes
|
cherries onions turkey
bread spaghetti
|
bananas fish
meat
ham
plums
|
flour
pork peaches lettuce
tuna
|
Exercise 19
Read the text and reconstruct the family situation. Tell the story to your classmates.
Exercise 20
I. Say what and how much you should buy if you are going to make:
1) Russian beet and cabbage soup — borsch;
2) Salad which they call in Russia "Olivier salad";
3) An apple pie.
► Pattern
:
If
I am going to make ... I will buy ....
II. Say what and how much you buy to cook your favourite dish.
III. Guess what a housewife was going to cook if her shopping list included:
1. 2 lbs beef; 1 lb pork; white bread; eggs; 1/2 lb onions, 1 bottle milk.
2. 2 lbs wheat flour; 1/2 doz eggs; 2 bottles milk; 1 pack yeast;
1/2 Ib sugar.
3. 1/2 lb rice; 1 lb smoked fish; 1 lb onions; 1/2 dbz eggs; 1 jar mayonnaise.
4. 4 lbs lamb; 2 lbs tomatoes; 2 lbs onions; 1 bottle dry white wine; 1 pack pepper.
5. 2 lbs pork; 1 bag potatoes; 1 lb carrots; 1 head cabbage; 1/2 lbs onions; 1 bunch celery; 1 bunch parsley; 1 pack laurel leaves.
►
Pattern:
The housewife was going to cook ... if she bought....
Exercise 21
Standing in a queue at the check-out is a boring business. Some people invent games to make the time pass quicker. One of them comes to guessing what people's lifestyles are likely to be judging by the contents of their shopping baskets.
I. Read the following passages and try to say something about people's families, homes, lifestyles.
Body language can tell a stranger a lot about one's personality, so can the fruits of one's shopping expedition.
Yesterday I observed a beautiful young lady. While her little daughter begged unsuccessfully for a bun, she was carefully choosing a shampoo, hair conditioner and bath perfume. Then she picked up a couple of cinema magazines and went to the check-out.
I looked down into her trolley and shuddered: three gallons of milk, 3 loaves of bread, four chickens, a mountain of baby-food jars, cakes and pies.
I especially like to observe male shoppers. I don't mean househusbands dutifiilly checking items off a list. I prefer a gourmet who knows the real taste of things: imported cheeses, exotic spices, a whole leg of lamb, early asparagus.
I felt hostility flowing from the woman standing behind me in the supermarket check-out queue. Had I cut in front of her? She was glaring into my basket. I quickly surveyed my selections to see what could be generating such hostility. Let's see: two bottles of champagne, a lovely avocado, a pound of shrimp, and a quart of purified water.
II. Fancy what one can see in a shopping basket of:
1) a good housewife;
2) a divorced man;
3) a woman on a diet;
4) a hearty eater;
5) someone expecting guests.
III. Think of other games you can play in your head to make the time pass when you are waiting in a queue.
Exercise 22
I. Read and translate the following dialogues. Reproduce them.
○ Dialogue 1
At the Grocery store
Grocer: Hello, Ann, how are you doing today?
Ann: Fine, thanks. How are you?
Grocer: I am okay, thank you. What can I get for you, Ann?
Ann: I 'd like half a pound of butter, a pound jar of strawberry jam, a large bottle of vinegar and a tin of sardines.
Grocer: Will that be all?
Ann: No, I'd also like a small-sized packet of mushroom soup and a piece of smoked bacon. Grocer Will this do? It's all we have at the moment, I'mafraid.
Ann: No, it's much too fat. I wanted it leaner. I think I'd better take some ham instead. How much is it?
Grocer: Eighty pence a pound.
Ann: Good. Half a pound, please. That'll be all. How much does it come to?
Grocer: Five pounds thirty seven pence, please.
Ann: Right. Here is six pounds.
Grocer: And here is your change.
Ann: Thanks.
Grocer: Good-bye, Ann. Thank you. Come tomorrow, we'll have a new stock.
○ Dialogue 2
At the Butcher's
Shop assistant: Can I help you, madam?
Mrs. Gi1bert: I'd like a leg of lamb. Do you sell it?
Shop assistant: Yes, we do, but I'm afraid we've sold out at the moment. If you'd care to call in tomorrow.
Mrs. Gi1bert: Thank you, I won't bother! I'll buy some pork instead.
Shop assistant: Oh, yes. We've got excellent choice today. What part would you like to get — shoulder, leg or some other?
Mrs. Gilbert: This bit of shoulder is fine with me.
Shop assistant: Okay. It weighs four pounds.
Mrs.Gilbert: I'll also have a chicken.
Shop assistant: Boiling or frying?
Mrs. Gilbert: Boiling, please.
Shop assistant: Will this do?
Mrs. Gilbert: Nice. That will be all. How much is it?
Shop assistant: Three pounds twenty pence.
Mrs.Gilbert:Here you are.
Shop assistant: Your change, madam. Thank you. Have a nice day.
○ Dialogue 3
At the Greengrocer's
Greengrocer: Good morning, Mrs. Daisy. How are you this morning?
Mrs. Daisy: Fine, thanks. And how are you?
Greengrocer: I'm having a little trouble. Some of my supplies aren't here yet. So I don't have tomatoes and peppers.
Mrs. Daisy: Oh, that's a shame. Will you have some later?
Greengrocer:Oh, yes, they will be delivered in the afternoon. I'll save them for you.
Mrs. Daisy: Thanks. It's very kind of you. And now I'll take a bag of potatoes, a couple of beets and some carrots.
Greengrocer: All right. Notice the fruit we've got today. The peaches are very good.
Mrs. Daisy: The peaches do look good. What do they cost? Greengrocer: Peaches are quite cheap this time of the year. Thirty pence a pound.
Mrs.Daisy: That's a real bargain. I'll take three pounds.
Greengrocer: Okay. Now, what else?
Mrs. Daisy: Well, that's all for today. How much do I owe you?
Greengrocer: That's four pounds seventy five pence. Here's your change from your five pound note — twenty five pence.
Mrs. Daisy: Thank you. Good-bye.
Greengrocer: Good-bye, Mrs. Daisy. Thanks a lot.
II. Pick out from the three dialogues sentences, which denote the shop assistants'
a) greeting their customers,
b) offering goods,
c) telling the price of goods.
III. Pick out from the three dialogues sentences, which denote the customer's
a) greeting shop assistants,
b) telling what they need,
c) asking about the price.
IV. Make up your own dialogues and enact them in class.
Exercise 23
Translate into English.
1. Покупать продукты в супермаркете очень удобно: все покупки можно сделать одновременно.
2. Супермаркеты оборудуют таким образом, чтобы покупатели проходили мимо большого количества полок и видели широкий ассортимент продуктов.
3. В супермаркетах Великобритании цены на товары проставлены очень отчётливо и, как правило, в конце стоит число 99.
4. Рядом с нашим домом есть все магазины: мясной, молочный, овощной, рыбный, а также бакалея и булочная.
5. Я никогда не составляю список продуктов, когда собираюсь идти в магазин, но всегда планирую, в какие магазины я зайду.
6. Когда мы с подругой приходим в супермаркет, я беру корзину, а она — тележку. У нас разный стиль: я покупаю только то, что мне нужно; а она — всё, что красиво упаковано.
7. Натуральные продукты питания предпочтительнее консервированных и замороженных, хотя могут стоить дороже.
8. У кассира не было сдачи с крупной купюры, и пришлось ждать, пока расплатится следующий покупатель.
9. Лучше не покупать продукты по сниженной цене: они могут быть просрочены.
10. Мой сосед — старый холостяк. Он всегда покупает одно и то же: буханку хлеба, десяток яиц, пару килограммов картофеля и пару банок мясных консервов.
11. Когда есть деньги, я покупаю что-нибудь повкуснее — хороший кусок мяса, салями, банку шпрот, кусочек ветчины, коробку шоколадных конфет, банку болгарских огурчиков. Потом устраиваю пир.
12. Больше всего я не люблю стоять в очереди, поэтому стараюсь пройти через экспресс-кассу.
13. Уже стоя у кассы, она вдруг вспомнила, что забыла купить молока, и пошла назад к прилавку с молочными продуктами.
14. Кассир сидела за кассовым аппаратом и наблюдала за тем, как покупатель выкладывал продукты на ленту конвейера.
15. Очередь двигалась очень медленно, потому что у всех были груды покупок.
Exercise 24
In five minutes write what you buy often and seldom. Compare what you have written with the lists of other students. Discuss the results and try to classify your classmates by putting them in certain categories of shoppers. You can give the names to these categories yourselves.
►
Patterns: 1) I often buy bread, ... I seldom buy caviar, ... 2) In my opinion, Kate is a careless shopper, because ...
Exercise 25
Work in groups. Each group should make up a list of products which people usually buy at the age of ten. fifteen, thirty, fifty, seventy. Compare your lists and discuss them agreeing, adding details or criticizing.
► Use
:
I completely agree that.. I'm not sure that...
There is no doubt that... I really doubt that...
I also have the idea that I utterly disagree that
Who would argue that... I don't think that...
Exercise 26
Discuss the following points in class.
1. What is preferable for you — to buy food in a big supermarket or in small shops? Why?
2. Where are the best shops for food in your city or town?
3. Speak about foodstuffs sold in your shops. Say whether they are shipped in or grown locally; say which are expensive and inexpensive; say what foodstuffs which you might have seen in the shops abroad are not sold in this country.
4. Do they sell foodstuffs under the counter nowadays? What kind of goods can those be?
5. Do you pay attention to the brand name when you buy food? If not, how do you make your choice?
6. What is your personal style of shopping for food? Do you buy at once or do you take your time to look around for lower prices?
7. How often do you buy very expensive foodstuffs? What kind of products are those? When does it happen?
Exercise 27
Match the English idioms in the left columnn with their Russian equivalents in the right column.
1. to put a hole in one's pocketbookА. любой ценой
2. to go to potВ. сбыть с рук
3. to go for a songС. ни за какие деньги
4. at all costsD. обойтись в копеечку
5. to jack up the priceЕ. вылететь в трубу
6. to flood the marketF. пойти за бесценок
7. to feather one's nestG. быть не по карману
8. not for love or moneyН. платить втридорога
9. to cost a pretty pennyI. нагреть руки
10. to pay through the noseJ. наводнить рынок
11. to get something off one's handsК. набить цену
Exercise 28
Highlight the meanings of the English proverbs and make up situations to illustrate them.
1. Forbidden fruit is sweet.
2. Tastes differ.
3. Honey is sweet but the bee stings.
4. Take it or leave it.
Exercise 29
Translate the following quotations into Russian and comment upon them.
'The public buys its opinions as it buys its meat, or takes in its milk, on the principle that it is cheaper to do this than keep a cow. So it is, but the milk is more likely to be watered.'
Samuel Butler
'Creditors have better memories than debtors.'
Benjamin Franklin
'Necessity never made a good bargain.'
Benjamin Franklin
'England is a nation of shopkeepers.'
Napoleon I
'If a continental greengrocer asks 14 schillings (or crowns, or franks..., or whatever you like) for a bunch of radishes, and his customer offers 2, and finally they strike a bargain agreeing on 6 schillings, francs, roubles, etc., this is just the low continental habit of bargaining.'
George Mikes
Exercise 30
Role Play "Organising a Party".
Setting:
1) A university refectory, where the students distribute duties to make purchases.
2) A supermarket.
Situation:
You decide to celebrate some holiday or just organise a party at someone's home. Everyone will have to bring something for the table and later you'll cook together. Enact buying things in a shop. Elaborate the situation yourselves. Fancy that you've left money at home or there are no goods you need on sale or you forget something at the last instant.
Characters:
Card I — Molly, the girl, who is going to organise it all. She decides who should buy things and says what you will need them for.
Card II — Sally, the assistant who serves you in the shop you choose.
Card III—IV — Bob and Rob, boys who will buy heavy things in the shop.
CardV-X - Nelly, Kelly, Dolly, Polly, Lilly, Tilly, tree pairs of students who walk around the supermarket and discuss what they have to buy.
Card XI — Penny, the cashier at the till.
WRITING
Exercise 1
Learn the spelling of the italicized words from Introductory Reading
and the words from exercise 1 on page 120. Prepare to write a dictation.
Exercise 2
Translate into English in writing.
A.
Мы быстро привыкли к нашей новой жизни. Всё так просто в этом микромире! Не надо ходить в магазин и стоять в очередях — здоровенная женщина в белом фартуке, которая могла бы сойти за английскую бонну, если бы не вес под сто килограммов, каждый день разгружает на кухне огромную корзину со свежайшими продуктами.
(...) Поскольку мне очень неловко жить за счет советской власти (...), я решаю ходить за покупками сама.
В первый же день я обалдеваю от выбора продуктов в ближайшем магазине. Сначала я даже подумала, что это случайный завоз или что директор устроил спектакль для ревизора. Но и через неделю выбор оставался таким же богатым. Каждый день я нахожу в магазине свежие яйца, колбасу, вполне приличное мясо на котлеты, копченую рыбу, даже крабов.
В
.
У меня возникает мысль заглянуть в продуктовый магазин. Во-первых, мне надо пройтись, а во-вторых, я хочу купить кое-какие продукты — хлеб, сыр, масло, а может, мне повезёт, и по счастливой случайности здесь окажутся апельсины, какие-нибудь перемороженные куры или даже батон колбасы с чесноком, которую ты так любишь и которую вдруг выбрасывает на прилавки Главное управление торговли, когда у хозяек не остается ничего, ну буквально ничего, что бы можно было подать к столу.
(...) Этот магазин самообслуживания совсем новый, но полки уже в безобразном состоянии, а у корзин осталось по одной ручке. Редко лежащие продукты завернуты в противную толстую серую бумагу, на которой фиолетовыми чернилами помечена цена. Это — мой первый поход в магазин в новом районе.
Я покупаю кое-что из продуктов и становлюсь в очередь в кассу. У меня пять пакетов разных размеров. Я плачу и собираюсь уже уходить, но тут контролёрша на выходе заставляет меня открыть сумку, вынимает оттуда все мои покупки и потрясает каким-то свёртком. Какой ужас — у меня оказался лишний кусок сыра на двадцать восемь копеек, который кассирша не пробила! (...) Я робко говорю, что кассирша забыла пробить, что ничего страшного не произошло, я сейчас доплачу... (...) Женщин это приводит в бешенство.
(М. Влади. «Владимир, или прерванный полет»)
Exercise 3
Write a short essay on one of the following topics.
1. Buying Delicacies Gives the Greatest Pleasure When One Hasn't Got Enough Money.
2. Shopping for Food — a Boring Routine or a Revealing Experience?
3. Why I Always Buy Food in the Same Place.
4. The Main Principles I Observe When I Shop for Food.
5. Why Men and Women Have Different Styles of Shopping for Food.
Note
:
Punctuation (continued from page 82).
A colon
is put:
1) before an enumeration (e.g. The reasons are as follows: we haven't prepared well enough, the circumstances are unfavourable and there is no help);
2) between clauses when the second clause is an explanation or an extension of the first one (e.g. Some things we can, and others we cannot do: we can walk, but we cannot fly);
3) before a short quotation (e.g. Always remember the ancient maxim: Know thyself).
A semicolon
is put:
1) between asyndetic coordinate clauses in complex sentences (e.g. He was the only guest present who had never met her; he decided that matters would be easier if he walked up and introduced himself);
2) between extended homogeneous parts of the sentence, particularly if there are other punctuation marks within them (e.g. I thought that we had to act quickly; that we had to do something, to get the information). (to be continued on page 198).
Lesson 6
SHOPPING FOR CONSUMER GOODS
INTRODUCTORY READING AND TALK
Shopping
is a very important part of life, but shoppers
arc faced with a confusing and rapidly changing situation. The confusion arises from the claims made by advertising,
a wider choice of goods
than ever before, and new places to shop.
The prices
of clothes, shoes, and make-up have gone sky-high, so
it's vital that you do not waste your money
and that you shop
carefully for value.
Be sure of what you want — never shop vaguely, because when you get home your purchase
may not match
anything else you've got.
Shop around for the best price
and quality. Start with a department store,
where they stock a wide range of goods and souvenirs.
There you can find many departments: haberdashery, hosiery, drapery, millinery, ladieswear, menswear,
and footwear.
If you are looking for a skirt and a top to go with it,
you'll need "Separates".
You'll find shorts or T-shirts in "Leisurewear",
jumpers in "Knitwear",
and a nightdress in "Nightwear".
In "Accessories"
they sell belts, gloves, and purses. Try on
all the trousers or dresses they have in the line
although it may be quite boring to wait if the changing room
is occupied. Check out the racks
with the sign "sale". Although it usually seems to be the small sizes that are offered in sales,
you can sometimes find some super buys.
Feeling cheered up by your new purchase, don't foiget to keep the receipt,
in case an item
turns out to be faulty.
You'll need the receipt if you want to exchange
the item or have your money refunded.
If you are a bargain-hunter,
try clothes markets.
They often don't have the high overheads
of town shops and can therefore keep prices lower, though they can stock substandard goods. Flea markets
are not the best place to buy anything. The prices are low, but the quality is, too.
Don't put off the purchase of festive gifts
until there are only two days left before a holiday. Department stores
are swarming with last-minute shoppers,
so you may haveto queue
for half an hour at the checkout till.
From everywhere you can hear people swapping rumours, 'They have sold out
all the scarves', 'They have run out of
that cream'. You inevitably get involved in exchanging remarks with other people in the queue
or with salesgirls.
Sometimes the talk gets so interesting that the cashier's
question whether you want to pay in cash or by credit card
takes you by surprise. Anyway, you pay and feel happy that you have made a bargain,
which puts you in a good mood.
Dear friends, make shopping entertaining. Shop together with your friends. Enjoy attractively designed displays
and well-dressed shoppers browsing through trendy
items. Then you will definitely like it.
1. Look at the picture below and name all departments. Say what one can buy there.
2. Where can you buy the following items?
jewellery a pair of shoes
stockings buttons, zips
fabrics a suit
a swimsuit pyjamas
a hat a cardigan
3. What can you buy in the following shops?
an antique shopan art shop
a bookshopa boutique
a florist's/flower shopa furniture shop
a gift shopa hi-fi store
an ironmonger'sa jeweller's
an optician'sa pet shop
a photographic shopa radio shop
a record shopa sports shop
a stationer'sa toy shop
4. Describe the best-known department store in your city. What does it sell? Do you like it? How do you get there? What attracts you and what annoys you in a big department store? Take the following points into account:
convenience choice service quality price
5. What would you personally never buy in a department store — and why?
○ TEXT
A Devoted Shopper
(Extrac
t from the book by Sue Townsend "The Queen and I". Abridged)
Sayako came out of the changing room in Sloane Street1
wearing this season's suit, as featured on the cover of English Vogue.2
Last season's suit lay on the changing room floor in an untidy heap. She surveyed herself in the full-length mirror. The manageress, svelte in black, stood behind her.
'That colour's very good on you,' she said, smiling professionally.
Sayako said, 'I take it and also I take it in strawberry and navy and primrose.'3
The manageress inwardly rejoiced. She would now reach this week's target.4
Her job would be safe for at least another month. God bless the Japanese!
Sayako walked over on stockinged feet5
to a display of suede loafers.
'And these shoes to match all suits in size four,' she said. Her role model was the fibreglass mannequin6
which lolled convincingly against the shop counter, wearing the same cream suit that Sayako was wearing, the loafers that Sayako had just ordered and a bag that Sayako was about to order in navy, strawberry, cream and primrose. The mannequin's blonde nylon wig shone under the spotlights. Her blue eyes were half closed as though she were encaptured by her own beauty.
She is so beautiful, thought Sayako. She took the wig from the mannequin's head and placed it on her own. It fitted perfectly.
'And I take this,' she said.
She then handed over a platinum card which bore the name of her father, the Emperor of Japan.
As the manageress tapped in the magic numbers from the card,7
Sayako tried on a soft green-coloured suede coat which was also being worn by a red-haired mannequin. The suede coat cost one penny less than a thousand pounds.
'What other colours do you have this in?' asked Sayako of the assistants, who were packing her suits, loafers, bags and wig.
'Just one other colour,' said an assistant (who thought, Jesus, we'll have a drink after work tonight).
She hurried to the back of the shop and quickly returned with a toffee-brown version of the sumptuous coat.8
'Yes,' said Sayako. 'I take both and, of course, boots to match, size four.' She pointed to the boots worn by the red-haired mannequin.
The pile on the counter grew. Her bodyguard standing inside the shop door shifted impatiently.
When the Princess and her purchases had been driven away, the manageress and her assistants screamed and yelled and hugged each other for joy.
Sayako sat in the back of the limousine and looked at London and its people. How funny English people are, she thought, with their wobbly faces and big noses and their skin! She laughed behind her hand. So white and pink and red. What bodies they had! So tall. It wasn't necessary to have so much height, was it. Her father was a small man and he was an Emperor.
As the car set off on its journey towards Windsor, where she was staying at the newly opened Royal Castle Hotel, Sayako's eyes closed. Shopping was so tiring. She had started at 10.30 in Harrod's lingerie department9
and now it was 6.15 and she had only taken an hour off for lunch. And when she got home she had that puzzling book to read, Three Men in a Boat.
She had promised her father she would read at least five pages a day. It would improve her English, he said, and help her to understand the English psyche.
She had already ploughed through The Wind in the Willows,10
Alice in Wonderland and most of Jemima Puddleduck11
but she had found these books very difficult, full of talking animals dressed in the clothes of human beings.
At Hyde Park Comer the car stopped suddenly, the driver swore and Sayako opened her eyes. The bodyguard turned around to face her.
'A demonstration,' he said. 'Nothing to fear.'
She looked out of the window and saw a long line of middle-aged people crossing the road in front of the car. Many of them were wearing beige anoraks that Sayako, a devoted shopper, identified as coming from Marks and Spencer.12
A few were carrying signs on sticks.
Nobody appeared to take any notice of them, apart from a few impatient motorists.
Proper Names
Sue Townsend ['sju: 'taUns@nd] — Сью Таунсенд
Sayako [s@'j{k@U] — Саяко
Sloane Street ['sl@Un 'stri:t] — Слоун Стрит
Windsor ['wInz@] — Виндзор
Harrod's ['h{r@dz] — Хэрродз
Jemima Puddleduck [³I'maIm@ 'pödld@k] — Джемайма Падлдак
Hyde Park ['haId 'p¸k] — Гайд Парк
Marks and Spencer ['m¸ks @nd 'spens@] — Маркс и Спенсер
Vocabulary Notes
1. Sayako came out of the changing room in Sloane Street ... — Саяко вышла из примерочной магазина на Слоун Стрит ... (Прим.: Слоун стрит — улица Лондона, получившая известность благодаря расположенным на ней в изобилии изысканным магазинам).
2. ... as featured on the cover of English Vogue — ... точно таком же, как был на обложке английского издания «Воуг» (прим.:
Vogue — журнал мод)
3. ... I take it in strawberry and navy and primrose — ... я беру такой же цвета клубники, темно-синий и бледно-жёлтый.
4. She would now reach this week's target:— Теперь она непременно выполнит недельный план.
5. ... stockinged feet... ['stÁkIÎd] — ... в одних чулках ...
6. Her role model was the fibreglass mannequin ... — Образцом для нее служил синтетический манекен ...
7. As the manageress tapped in the magic numbers from the card ... — Пока заведующая секцией пробивала в кассе магические цифры, перенося их с пластиковой карты ...
8. ... with a toffee-brown version of the sumptuous coat —... с таким же роскошным пальто цвета кофе с молоком (Прим.: буквально — коричневый, как сливочная тянучка)
9. She had started at 10.30 in Harrod's lingerie department ... — Она начала в половине одиннадцатого с отдела женского белья в Хэрродз ... (Прим.: Хэрродз — крупнейший универмаг Лондона).
10. She had already ploughed through The Wind in the Willows ... — Она уже осилила «Ветер в Ивах» (Прим.: книга детского писателя К. Грэма).
11. Jemima Puddleduck — Джемайма Падлдак (Прим.: имя утенка из сказки Б. Поттер)
12. ... identified as coming from Marts and Spencer. — ... определила, что они куплены в Маркс и Спенсер (Прим.: Маркс и Спенсер — известная сеть магазинов в Великобритании)
Comprehension Check
1. What was Sayako trying on in the changing room?
2. Why did the manageress inwardly rejoice?
3. What attracted Sayako's attention in the shop?
4. What was a role model for Sayako?
5. How was the mannequin dressed?
6. What else did Sayako buy in the shop? In what colours?
7. How did the manageress and her assistants react when Sayako had left?
8. What did Sayako think about English people?
9. Was Sayako tired of shopping? Why?
10. What was Sayako reading?
11. Was she reading for pleasure or not?
12. Whom did Sayako see in the street?
Phonetic Text Drills
○ Exercise 1
Transcribe and pronounce correctly the words from the text.
Suit, to survey, manageress, inwardly, to rejoice, target, suede, loafer, fibreglass, mannequin, to loll, nylon, to encapture, platinum, toffee, version, sumptuous, bodyguard, to yell, limousine, wobbly, lingerie, psyche, to plough, anorak, to identify.
○ Exercise 2
Pronounce the words and phases where the following clusters occur.
1. consonant + D
On the cover, and these shoes, in the full-length mirror, inside the shop, when the princess, in the back, and their skin, had that, found these books, in the clothes.
2. plosive + 1
Black, at least, bless, fibreglass, blonde, blue, closed, platinum, impatiently, and looked, at London, people, ploughed.
3. plosive + r
Cream, primrose, tried, drink, princess, driven, screamed, and red, promised, would read, improve, crossing.
4. plosive + plosive
And placed, fitted perfectly, take both, and big, laughed behind, what bodies, bodyguard turned.
5. consonant + w
Job would be safe, card which, this week's, suede, coat which, cost one, just one, quickly, returned with, it was, it would.
○ Exercise 3
Pronounce after the announcer avoiding false assimilation. Comment on the phonetic phenomena.
This season's suit, as featured, as though, is so beautiful, as the car, was staying, was so tiring.
○ Exercise 4
Transcribe the following compound words.
Green-coloured, red-haired, toffee-brown, bodyguard, middle-aged.
○ Exercise 5
Transcribe and intone the following exclamatory sentences.
How \
funny "English "people "are, | she 'thought, | with their 'wobbly \faces | and 'big \noses | and their \skin! || What \
bodies they "had! ||
EXERCISES
Exercise 1
Reproduce the sentences in which the following words and phrases are used in the text.
To survey oneself in a full-length mirror, to be very good on somebody, to rejoice, to match, to be encaptured by something, to fit perfectly, to try on, to shift impatiently, to set off, tiring, to plough through, to be a devoted shopper, not to take any notice of something.
Exercise 2
I. Find words opposite in meaning to the following ones from the text.
1. Untidy, safe, same, beautiful, sumptuous, funny, necessary, tiring, difficult, impatient;
2. Rejoice, place, fit, improve.
II. Give synonyms.
1. Heap, purchase, journey;
2. To survey, to place, to improve, to swear;
3. Sumptuous, tiring, puzzling
Exercise 3
Match the words on the left with their definitions on the right.
1. to loll A. correspond in quality, colour, design, etc.;
2. to rejoice B. change or move from one position to another;
3. to survey C. associate inseparably or very closely with smth.;
4. to hug D. show signs of great happiness;
5. to identify E. be of right measure, shape and size;
6. to match F. take a general view of smth.;
7. to order G. stand, sit or recline in a lazy attitude;
8. to fit H. squeeze tightly in one's arms, usually with affection;
9. to shift I. make a loud sharp cry (as of pain, excitement, etc.)
10. to yell J. command or direct.
Exercise 4
Say whether the following verbs have corresponding nouns. Comment on the difference in meaning and pronunciation.
feature match hand shift
survey order cost purchase
fit pack point promise
Exercise 5
Find in the text the words from the groups below and define to what part of speech they belong.
Convincingly — perfectly — wobbly;
shopping — tiring — puzzling;
feature — loafer — driver;
middle-aged — devoted — identified.
Exercise 6
Agree or disagree with the following statements. Give your reasons.
► Use
;
For disagreement:
For agreement:
That's not quite right.That's right.
Oh no, quite on the contrary.Exactly.
It says in the text...I agree entirely.
1. Sayako was trying on the last season's suit.
2. The manageress felt irritated by the obtrusive customer.
3. Sayako admired the beauty of the mannequin.
4. Sayako was a devoted shopper, ready to buy clothes in bulk.
5. She didn't care how much money she spent on clothes.
6. The princess found English people funny.
7. Shopping didn't take her much time.
8. Sayako found English books entertaining.
Exercise 7
Find synonyms in the text for the italicized words and expressions.
1. Before buying an antique statue, Maggie looked at
it care
fully
to find if it matched the design of her flat.
2. I can't wear my blue shoes with a black skirt, they don't look good together.
3. I've bought a blouse for Alison. It's a very pretty colour and just the right size
too.
4. Why don't you put on these shoes to see if they are comfortable.
5. They were shown into a luxurious
dining hall.
6. Standing still for any length of time can be exhausting.
7. Do you think this colour makes me look attractive
?
8. The children were delighted
to see peace and comfort return into their home at last.
9. At last the band appeared on the stage and the crowd was thrilled
with its music.
10. After reading so many heavy and difficult textbooks,
it was a relief to pick up a novel again.
11. He's always rude to people. Don't pay attention
to his words.
Exercise 8
Find the English equivalents for the following words and expressions.
A.
Примерочная; костюм шестого размера; костюм прошлого сезона; помещённый на обложке журнала; зеркало в человеческий рост; цвет Вам идёт; я это беру; полка, где выставлены уличные туфли; туфли в тон; манекен; прилавок магазина; недельный план продажи; заведующая; прожектор; собираться заказать; отлично подходить; быть в упоении; протянуть кредитную карточку; стоить; показать на что-либо; покупки; утомительный; отдел дамского белья; из магазина Маркс и Спенсер; любительница покупок; стоить без одного пенса тысячу фунтов; упаковывать.
B
.
Быть в упоении; прожектор; показать на что- либо; не обращать внимание; валяться на полу; внутренне возликовать; переминаться нетерпелтво с ноги на ногу; обниматься от счастья; отдохнуть часок за ланчем; психология англичан.
Exercise 9
Express the same idea using different wording and grammar.
1. Sayako came out of the changing room in Sloane Street wearing this season's suit, as featured on the cover of English Vogue.
2.
The manageress, svelte in black, stood behind her.
3. She would now reach this
week's taiget.
4. And these shoes to match all suits in size 4.
5. Sayako walked over on stockinged feet to a display of suede loafers.
6. Her role model was the fibreglass mannequin which lolled convincingly against the shop counter.
7. Her blue eyes were half closed as though she were encap-tured by her own beauty.
8. She hurried to the back of the shop and quickly returned with a toffee-brown version of the sumptuous coat.
9. She had already ploughed through The Wind in the Willows.
10. Many of them were wearing beige anoraks that Sayako, a devoted shopper, identified as coming from Marks and Spencer.
Exercise 10
Fill in the gaps with one of the following expressions, changing the forms of the words if necessary.
The colour is good on somebody, to bear the name of somebody, to take an hour off for lunch, to laugh behind the hand, to be coming from Harrod's, to loll against, to fit perfectly, shoes to match, to take something in navy, to be wearing, a full-length mirror, to try on something.
1. The suit was well-cut and fashioned, but the colour seemed to be too pale. So Amanda thought that she would ... .
2. The cashier looked at the platinum card and saw that... the name of the President. She couldn't believe her eyes.
3. Though ... , Dorothy thought that the coat was too wide and long, and decided not to buy it.
4. Her leather bag was so expensive that I immediately understood that it ... , as I knew that only there they sold such luxurious things.
5. On that day the headmistress ... an excellent stylish dress.
6. The dress ... , there was not a single crease anywhere and the length was right.
7. As our shopping tour was tiring, we decided ... and go to McDonalds.
8. There were no customers in the shop, there was absolutely nothing to do and the salesclerk ... the counter.
9. The customer looked so comic in a striped suit and a big hat that when he turned away to look at himself in the mirror, the shopgirls ....
10. Deborah had already ... five dresses, but none of them suited her.
11. On my way home with a newly purchased raincoat I passed by a shopwindow with a nice display of shoes. The idea struck me at once: I had to buy ....
12. It's a pity we do not have ... at home. It's impossible to see yourself from head to foot.
Exercise 11
Speak about Sayako's shopping tour:
1. in the third person;
2. in the person of the manageress;
3. in the person of Sayako;
4. in the person of her bodyguard.
Exercise 12
Discussion points.
1. What kind of life do you think Sayako has?
2. What do Sayako's shopping items tell you about her?
3. Do you agree with Sayako's thoughts about English people?
4. How can purchases reveal a personality?
5. Do you believe that shop assistants remain indifferent when customers make purchases or not? Prove your point.
Exercise 13
Replace the gaps with one of the following verbs: to fit, to suit
, to match, to become, to go with/together.
1. I'm sure you'll be able to find a suitable dress that... . You are a standard size.
2. 'I don't think this dress... me. I'd prefer something lighter.' 'Oh, no. I love you in that dress.'
3. The jacket ... her like a glove. It looked as if it had been made for her.
4. In the lounge everything ... the curtains: the sofa, the carpet and the cushions.
5. Do you think this sweater and this skirt ... ? No, not really, the colours don't quite ....
6. This dress doesn't ... her. It's tight in the waist.
7. For every outfit, Diana has a handbag and shoes ... .
8. Helen was trying on her pearls to see if they ... her yellow dress.
9. She looked curiously young in her scarlet jeans and white sweater, although the clothes didn't... the occasion.
10. It's funny but the yellow walls and the black floor actually ... quite well.
11. She has exquisite taste for clothing. Everything she wears ... without fail.
Exercise 14
Below find a Christmas shopping list. Imagine that you give it to your teenage daughter and ask her to buy presents. Give her instructions where to buy things. You may even draw a shopping route for your daughter.
Things to Bye:
Exercise 15
I. Name at least three items which you can buy in different kinds of shops or departments when you look for birthday presents.
wo
men's
wear
|
men's
wear
|
chil
dren's
wear
|
shoe
depart
ment
|
ha
berda
shery
|
stati
oner's
|
an
tique
shop
|
art
shop
|
book
shop
|
hi-fi
store
|
II. Have a look at the list of shops in task 3 to the Introductory Reading and Talk
and exclude names of shops where
1) you usually do not buy birthday presents,
2) you do not buy second-hand goods.
Exercise 16
Discuss your shopping habits:
What do you look for when you shop? Why? What factors are important for you when you go shopping? List the factors below in order of importance.
friendly service low prices
the quality of goods the design of the shop interior
the size of the shop brand name goods on sale
|