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англ. яз. фразеология
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. реферирование
и Аннотирование
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. практический
курс общего
перевода
Англ. яз. ПРАКТИЧЕСКИй
курс СПЕЦИАЛЬНОГО
ПЕРЕВОДА
Английский
язык. Базовый
курс для нелингвистов
англ. яз. история
литературы
изучаемого
языка.
Информация
– на следующей
странице!
примерный
перечень
экзаменационных
вопросов
англ. яз. фразеология
Дайте определение
науки фразеологии.
Укажите предмет
изучения
фразеологии,
перечислите
ее методы
исследования.
Поясните, что
имеют в виду,
когда говорят
о национальных
фразеологизмах.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, что
имеют в виду,
когда говорят
об интернациональных
фразеологизмах.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, что
понимают под
языковым
антропоморфизмом.
Приведите
примеры.
Объясните
связь фразеологии
с лексикологией.
Объясните
связь фразеологии
с грамматикой.
Объясните
связь фразеологии
со стилистикой.
Объясните
связь фразеологии
с фонетикой.
Объясните
связь фразеологии
с историей
языка.
Объясните
связь фразеологии
с философией.
Объясните
связь фразеологии
с логикой.
Объясните
связь фразеологии
со страноведением.
Перечислите
4 группы словосочетаний,
выделенных
Ш. Балли. Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, чем
отличаются
свободные
словосочетания
от привычных
сочетаний (по
классификации
Ш. Балли). Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, чем
отличаются
свободные
словосочетания
от фразеологических
единств (по
классификации
Ш. Балли). Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, чем
отличаются
свободные
словосочетания
от фразеологических
рядов (по классификации
Ш. Балли). Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, чем
отличаются
фразеологические
ряды от фразеологических
единств (по
классификации
Ш. Балли). Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
основные типы
фразеологических
единиц в русском
языке, выделенные
В. В. Виноградовым.
Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
основные типы
фразеологических
единиц в русском
языке, выделенные
Н. Н. Амосовой.
Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
основные типы
фразеологических
единиц в русском
языке, выделенные
А. В. Куниным.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, как
понимают термин
«phrasйologie»
(phraseology) западноевропейские
и американские
лингвисты.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, в
чем состоял
вклад Е. Д. Поливанова
в развитие
отечественной
фразеологии.
Поясните, в
чем состоял
вклад Б. А. Ларина
в развитие
отечественной
фразеологии.
Поясните, чем
отличаются
фразеологические
сращения от
фразеологических
единств (по
классификации
В. В. Виноградова).
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, чем
отличаются
фразеологические
сращения от
фразеологических
сочетаний (по
классификации
В. В. Виноградова).
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, чем
отличаются
фразеологические
единства от
фразеологических
сочетаний (по
классификации
В. В. Виноградова).
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, в
чем состоял
вклад А. И. Смирницкого
в развитие
отечественной
фразеологии.
Поясните, в
чем состоял
вклад Н. М. Шанского
в развитие
отечественной
фразеологии.
Поясните, в
чем состоял
вклад С. Г. Гаврина
в развитие
отечественной
фразеологии.
Перечислите
три раздела
фразеологии.
Охарактеризуйте
их.
Перечислите
методы изучения
фразеологических
единиц.
Охарактеризуйте
вариационный
метод в методологии
изучения ФЕ.
Перечислите
особенности
вариационного
метода изучения
ФЕ.
Охарактеризуйте
компликативный
метод исследования
фразеологии.
Поясните, что
понимает С.
Г. Гаврин под
компликативами.
Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
принципы,
положенные
в основу компликативного
метода исследования
фразеологии.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
структурно-типологический
метод исследования
фразеологии.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
структурно-типологический
метод фразеологического
анализа. Укажите
рамки его
применения.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
структурно-типологический
метод фразеологической
идентификации.
Укажите рамки
его применения.
Поясните, что
понимается
во фразеологии
под семантической
устойчивостью.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, что
понимается
во фразеологии
под фразеоматизмами.
Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
процедуры,
которые используются
(применяются)
при методе
фразеологической
идентификации.
Поясните разницу
между собственно
фразеологизмом
и унтатой.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, как
отличить собственно
фразеологизм
от унтаты.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
метод фразеологического
описания при
изучении
фразеологии.
Приведите
примеры его
использования.
Перечислите
процедуры,
которыми оперирует
метод фразеологического
описания при
изучении
фразеологии.
Перечислите
элементарные
эвфонические
выразительные
средства.
Охарактеризуйте
их. Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
элементарные
лексические
выразительные
средства.
Охарактеризуйте
их. Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
элементарные
комбинированные
эвфонические
средства.
Охарактеризуйте
их. Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
типы словосочетаний.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, какое
словосочетание
считается
устойчивым.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, от
чего зависит
степень устойчивости
компонентного
состава словосочетаний.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните понятие
«фразообразующий
фактор». Приведите
примеры.
Поясните понятие
«монономинантность
фразеологизма».
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните понятие
«полиноминантности».
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните понятие
«номинативная
неактивность».
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните понятие
«семантическая
смещенность
словосочетания».
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, что
понимается
под ведущим
компонентом
во фразеологизме.
Приведите
примеры.
Дайте определение
фразеологической
единицы. Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, как
различаются
переменные
и устойчивые
словосочетания,
одинаковые
по графическому
составу. Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
известные
классификации
фразеологических
единиц.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
классификация
ФЕ по способу
образования.
Поясните разницу
между слитным
сочетанием
и семантическим
блоком. Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
фразеологическая
классификация
ФЕ.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
стилистическая
классификация
ФЕ.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
структурная
классификация
ФЕ.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
этимологическая
классификация
ФЕ.
Поясните понятия
«монономинанты»
и «полиноминанты».
Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
фразеологизмы
по характеру
связи предметного
значения
фразеологизма
с предметным
значением его
ведущего
компонента.
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
be busy as
a bee
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: a
drop in the
ocean
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: a
heavy heart
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: hungry
as a hunter
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: one’s
hair stands on
end
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: red
as a lobster
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
buy a pig
in a poke
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: packed
like sardines
Переведите
русский
эквивалент
идиомы:
put it into your pipe and smoke it
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: rolling
in money
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: thin
as a rake
Переведите
русский
эквивалент
идиомы:
to avoid someone/something like the plague
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
bare one’s
heart
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
beat the air
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
call a spade
a spade
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
be in the
air
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
be in someone’s
shoes
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
cover up one’s
traces
Переведите
русский
эквивалент
идиомы:
to go against the stream
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
hurl thunderbolts
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
keep mum
Переведите
русский
эквивалент
идиомы:
to kill two birds with one stone
Переведите
русский
эквивалент
идиомы:
to live a cat and dog life
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
pull strings
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
room smth out
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
see stars
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
sit on a
power keg
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
swim like a
store
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
tread on air
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
put a line
out
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: белая
ворона
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: быть
на седьмом
небе
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: как
черт от ладана
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: красивый
жест
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: как
сельдей в бочке
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: как
на иголках
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: как
ветром сдуло
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: как
об стенку горох
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: камень
на сердце
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: голодный
как волк
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: выйти
из себя
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: вот
где собака
зарыта
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: выйти
из пеленок
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: худой
как спичка
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: убить
двух зайцев
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: крепкий
орешек
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: лить
как из ведра
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: мерить
на свой аршин
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: обещать
золотые горы
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: плавать
как топор
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: поджать
хвост
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: ходить
вокруг да около
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: стреляный
воробей
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: куда
ветер дует
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: излить
душу
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: ждать
у моря погоды
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: испить
чашу до дна
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: играть
с огнем
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: искать
иголку в стоге
сена
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: играть
первую скрипку
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 1
Поясните, в
чем состоял
вклад А. И. Смирницкого
в развитие
отечественной
фразеологии.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
цель процедуры
установления
иерархичности
фразеологической
системы.
Дайте определение
семантически
смешанным
фразеологизмам.
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
to make no bones of smth
Переведите:
to take up the glove
Переведите
русский
эквивалент
идиомы:
put it into your pipe and smoke it
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: красивый
жест
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 2
Перечислите
основные типы
фразеологических
единиц в русском
языке, выделенные
А. В. Куниным.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, что
понимается
во фразеологии
под семантической
устойчивостью.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, от
чего зависит
степень устойчивости
компонентного
состава словосочетаний.
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
a fly on
the wheel
Переведите:
lend support to smb
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: a
heavy heart
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: плавать
как топор
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 3
Объясните
связь фразеологии
со страноведением.
Перечислите
методы изучения
фразеологических
единиц.
Приведите
примеры фразеологических
сочетаний,
являющихся
эквивалентами
служебных
слов и вводных
модельных
выражений.
Переведите:
lame duck
Переведите:
a dead heat
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
room smth out
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: играть
первую скрипку
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 4
Поясните, чем
отличаются
фразеологические
сращения от
фразеологических
единств (по
классификации
В. В. Виноградова).
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
метод фразеологического
описания при
изучении
фразеологии.
Приведите
примеры его
использования.
Поясните разницу
между слитным
сочетанием
и семантическим
блоком. Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
high school
Переведите:
keep a stiff upper lip
Переведите
русский
эквивалент
идиомы:
one’s hair stands on end
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: куда
ветер дует
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 5
Поясните, как
понимают термин
«phrasйologie»
(phraseology) западноевропейские
и американские
лингвисты.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, что
понимает С.
Г. Гаврин под
компликативами.
Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
типы словосочетаний.
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
new broom
Переведите:
get the wind up
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: red
as a lobster
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: ждать
у моря погоды
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 6
Поясните, в
чем состоял
вклад Н. М. Шанского
в развитие
отечественной
фразеологии.
Приведите
примеры фразеологических
антонимов.
Перечислите
фразеологизмы
по характеру
связи предметного
значения
фразеологизма
с предметным
значением его
ведущего
компонента.
Переведите:
to draw the long bow
Переведите:
look a gift horse in the mouth
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
hurl thunderbolts
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: стреляный
воробей
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 7
Объясните
связь фразеологии
с лексикологией.
Поясните понятие
«фразеосемантическая
группа». Приведите
примеры.
Поясните понятия
«монономинанты»
и «полиноминанты».
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
a house of
cards
Переведите:
once in a blue moon
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
see stars
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: как
черт от ладана
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 8
Укажите предмет
изучения
фразеологии,
перечислите
ее методы
исследования.
Перечислите
принципы,
положенные
в основу компликативного
метода исследования
фразеологии.
Дайте определение
немотивированным
фразеологизмам.
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
to see through a bricl wall
Переведите:
go in at one ear and out of the other
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
call a spade
a spade
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: вот
где собака
зарыта
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 9
Дайте определение
науки фразеологии.
Охарактеризуйте
вариационный
метод в методологии
изучения ФЕ.
Поясните, что
понимается
под ведущим
компонентом
во фразеологизме.
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
white crow
Переведите:
back the wrong horse
Переведите
русский
эквивалент
идиомы:
to cover up one’s traces
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: убить
двух зайцев
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 10
Объясните
связь фразеологии
со стилистикой.
Поясните, что
понимается
во фразеологии
под фразеоматизмами.
Приведите
примеры.
Дайте определение
фразеологизмам
с расщепленным
ведущим компонентом.
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
to be under the weather
Переведите:
see the world through rosy spectacles
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: a
drop in the
ocean
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: играть
с огнем
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 11
Поясните, в
чем состоял
вклад Б. А. Ларина
в развитие
отечественной
фразеологии.
Перечислите
три раздела
фразеологии.
Охарактеризуйте
их.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
стилистическая
классификация
ФЕ.
Переведите:
to go with the current
Переведите:
knock smb down with a feather
Переведите
русский
эквивалент
идиомы:
to avoid someone/something like the plague
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: голодный
как волк
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 12
Поясните, что
имеют в виду,
когда говорят
об интернациональных
фразеологизмах.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
структурно-типологический
метод фразеологической
идентификации.
Укажите рамки
его применения.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
этимологическая
классификация
ФЕ.
Переведите:
to lick one's wounds
Переведите:
wet to the skin
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
keep mum
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: как
на иголках
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 13
Поясните, чем
отличаются
фразеологические
единства от
фразеологических
сочетаний (по
классификации
В. В. Виноградова).
Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
процедуры,
которыми оперирует
метод фразеологического
описания при
изучении
фразеологии.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
фразеологическая
классификация
ФЕ.
Переведите:
to bear out
Переведите:
between two fires
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
be in the
air
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: как
сельдей в бочке
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 14
Поясните, чем
отличаются
свободные
словосочетания
от привычных
сочетаний (по
классификации
Ш. Балли). Приведите
примеры.
Поясните разницу
между собственно
фразеологизмом
и унтатой.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, как
различаются
переменные
и устойчивые
словосочетания,
одинаковые
по графическому
составу. Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
a skeleton in the cupboard
Переведите:
rain cats and dogs
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: thin
as a rake
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: обещать
золотые горы
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 15
Объясните
связь фразеологии
с логикой.
Поясните, как
определяется
характер внутренней
формы фразеологизма.
Поясните понятие
«полиноминантности».
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
to give up
Переведите:
to burn one's boats
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
put a line
out
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: быть
на седьмом
небе
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 16
Поясните, что
понимают под
языковым
антропоморфизмом.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните понятия
«фразеомикрополе»,
«фразеомакрополе»,
«иерархичность
фразеологической
системы». Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
известные
классификации
фразеологических
единиц.
Переведите:
yellow press
Переведите:
make a mountain out of a molehill
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: hungry
as a hunter
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: поджать
хвост
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 17
Перечислите
4 группы словосочетаний,
выделенных
Ш. Балли. Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
элементарные
лексико-эвфонические
выразительные
средства.
Охарактеризуйте
их. Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
сложность
перевода
фразеологических
единиц.
Переведите:
to sit on thorns
Переведите:
know which way the wind blows
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
be busy as
a bee
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: испить
чашу до дна
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 18
Поясните, в
чем состоял
вклад С. Г. Гаврина
в развитие
отечественной
фразеологии.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
структурно-типологический
метод фразеологического
анализа. Укажите
рамки его
применения.
Поясните понятие
«семантическая
смещенность
словосочетания».
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
to play ducks and drakes with one's money
Переведите:
paint the town red
Переведите
русский
эквивалент
идиомы:
to live a cat and dog life
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: излить
душу
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 19
Поясните, в
чем состоял
вклад Е. Д. Поливанова
в развитие
отечественной
фразеологии.
Перечислите
элементарные
эвфонические
выразительные
средства.
Охарактеризуйте
их. Приведите
примеры.
Дайте определение
мотивированным
фразеологизмам.
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
to bury one's head in the sand
Переведите:
have too many irons in the fire
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
sit on a
power keg
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: худой
как спичка
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 20
Поясните, чем
отличаются
свободные
словосочетания
от фразеологических
единств (по
классификации
Ш. Балли). Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
системы связи
в сфере фразеологии.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, какое
словосочетание
считается
устойчивым.
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
broken reed
Переведите:
sow dissension
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
kill two birds
with one stone
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: искать
иголку в стоге
сена
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 21
Поясните, чем
отличаются
фразеологические
ряды от фразеологических
единств (по
классификации
Ш. Балли). Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
процедуры,
которые используются
(применяются)
при методе
фразеологической
идентификации.
Поясните понятие
«номинативная
неактивность».
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
palm grease
Переведите:
a pill to cure an earthquake
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
bare one’s
heart
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: лить
как из ведра
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 22
Объясните
связь фразеологии
с грамматикой.
Перечислите
элементарные
лексические
выразительные
средства.
Охарактеризуйте
их. Приведите
примеры.
Приведите
примеры субстантивных,
глагольных,
адъективных
и адвербиальных
фразеологических
сочетаний.
Переведите:
to play gooseberry
Переведите:
pull smb's leg
Переведите
русский
эквивалент
идиомы:
to go against the stream
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: камень
на сердце
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 23
Поясните, чем
отличаются
фразеологические
сращения от
фразеологических
сочетаний (по
классификации
В. В. Виноградова).
Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
особенности
вариационного
метода изучения
ФЕ.
Дайте определение
фразеологической
единицы. Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
a bolt from
the bore
Переведите:
have a bee in one's bonnet
Переведите
русский
эквивалент
идиомы:
to be in someone’s shoes
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: ходить
вокруг да около
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 24
Поясните, что
имеют в виду,
когда говорят
о национальных
фразеологизмах.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, как
отличить собственно
фразеологизм
от унтаты.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните понятие
«монономинантность
фразеологизма».
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
stool pigeon
Переведите:
build castles in the air
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
swim like a
store
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: белая
ворона
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 25
Объясните
связь фразеологии
с историей
языка.
Охарактеризуйте
компликативный
метод исследования
фразеологии.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
структурная
классификация
ФЕ.
Переведите:
ship of the desert
Переведите:
have smth up one's sleeve
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
pull strings
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: выйти
из себя
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 26
Объясните
связь фразеологии
с фонетикой.
Приведите
примеры фразеологических
синонимов.
Поясните, что
понимается
под оживлением
(обновлением)
фразеологизма.
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
feature film
Переведите:
have one's tongue in one's cheek
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: packed
like sardines
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: выйти
из пеленок
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 27
Объясните
связь фразеологии
с философией.
Перечислите
элементарные
комбинированные
эвфонические
средства.
Охарактеризуйте
их. Приведите
примеры.
Приведите
примеры сочинительных
и подчинительных
фразеологических
сочетаний.
Переведите:
lungs of London
Переведите:
a white elephant
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: rolling
in money
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: как
об стенку горох
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 28
Перечислите
основные типы
фразеологических
единиц в русском
языке, выделенные
В. В. Виноградовым.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, как
осуществляется
анализ коннотации
фразеологизмов.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
классификация
ФЕ по способу
образования.
Переведите:
to read between the lines
Переведите:
flow of time
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
buy a pig
in a poke
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: мерить
на свой аршин
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 29
Поясните, чем
отличаются
свободные
словосочетания
от фразеологических
рядов (по классификации
Ш. Балли). Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
фазы анализа
фразеологического
значения. Приведите
примеры.
Поясните понятие
«фразообразующий
фактор». Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
the cream of society
Переведите:
strike while iron is hot
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
tread on air
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: как
ветром сдуло
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 30
Перечислите
основные типы
фразеологических
единиц в русском
языке, выделенные
Н. Н. Амосовой.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
структурно-типологический
метод исследования
фразеологии.
Дайте определение
полумотированным
фразеологизмам.
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
animated cartoons
Переведите:
catch at a straw
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
beat the air
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: крепкий
орешек
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 31
Укажите предмет
изучения
фразеологии,
перечислите
ее методы
исследования.
Перечислите
фазы анализа
фразеологического
значения. Приведите
примеры.
Поясните разницу
между слитным
сочетанием
и семантическим
блоком. Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
palm grease
Переведите:
pull smb's
leg
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
cover up one’s
traces
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: ждать
у моря погоды
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 32
Поясните, чем
отличаются
свободные
словосочетания
от фразеологических
рядов (по классификации
Ш. Балли). Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
три раздела
фразеологии.
Охарактеризуйте
их.
Поясните понятие
«полиноминантности».
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
to play ducks and drakes with one's money
Переведите:
make a mountain out of a molehill
Переведите
русский
эквивалент
идиомы:
to go against the stream
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: лить
как из ведра
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 33
Поясните, что
имеют в виду,
когда говорят
об интернациональных
фразеологизмах.
Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
элементарные
лексические
выразительные
средства.
Охарактеризуйте
их. Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, от
чего зависит
степень устойчивости
компонентного
состава словосочетаний.
Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
new broom
Переведите:
lend support to smb
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
bare one’s
heart
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: излить
душу
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 34
Объясните
связь фразеологии
с лексикологией.
Поясните, что
понимается
во фразеологии
под фразеоматизмами.
Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, как
различаются
переменные
и устойчивые
словосочетания,
одинаковые
по графическому
составу. Приведите
примеры.
Переведите:
lungs of
London
Переведите:
have smth up one's sleeve
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
buy a pig
in a poke
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: выйти
из пеленок
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЯ
Билет № 35
Поясните, чем
отличаются
фразеологические
сращения от
фразеологических
единств (по
классификации
В. В. Виноградова).
Приведите
примеры.
Перечислите
элементарные
лексико-эвфонические
выразительные
средства.
Охарактеризуйте
их. Приведите
примеры.
Поясните, в
чем состоит
структурная
классификация
ФЕ.
Переведите:
animated cartoons
Переведите:
paint the town red
Переведите
русский эквивалент
идиомы: to
be busy as
a bee
Переведите
английский
эквивалент
идиомы: плавать
как топор
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
примерный
перечень
экзаменационных
вопросов
АНГЛ. ЯЗ. реферирование
и Аннотирование
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Northern Ireland, to give it its formal title, is a highly
centralised and unitary state, and its main component, England, has
been so for almost a thousand years, longer than any other European
country. As a political entity, however, Britain (as the United
Kingdom is loosely called) is less than 300 years old, being the
state which emerged from the union of the ancient kingdoms of
Scotland and England in 1707.
1. Write out two examples of
comparison / contrast sentences and underline the markers of
comparison / contrast.
2. Write an expanded definition of Britain
answering the question: What kind of state is it?
3. Find the
false statement and correct it.
a) England has been a unitary
state longer than other European countries.
b) The United Kingdom
appeared as a result of the union of England and Ireland in 1707.
c)
The official name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland.
Parliament is the supreme legislative body of the state. Free from
the constraints of a written constitution it may make any laws it
pleases. It could even prolong its own life without consulting the
electorate, if it chose to do so. Thus Parliament, rather than the
will of the people, is clearly the real sovereign power in the state.
The only guarantee against parliamentary tyranny is the sense of
tradition and reasonableness of its members.
1. Write a formal
definition of Parliament.
2. Rewrite the formal definition you
have written as a naming definition.
3. Fill in the gaps with
suitable linking words.
(a) the government machinery is frequently
referred, to (b) “Whitehall”, Parliament is known (c)
“Westminster” (d) it is housed in the palace of
Westminster.
All British citizens (including citizens of the Irish Republic
resident in the UK) may vote, provided they are aged eighteen or
over, are registered, and are not disqualified by insanity,
membership of the House of Lords or by being sentenced prisoners.
Voting is not compulsory, and a general election normally attracts
about 75 per cent of the electorate, a decline in participation of
about 8 per cent since 1945. The candidate in a constituency who
gains most votes is returned as Member to the Commons. In this
‘first-past-the-post’ system, other candidates, even if
they come close to the winner, will not get a seat in Parliament.
1.
Write out two examples of condition and underline the markers of
condition.
2. List the conditions of which British citizen can
vote.
3. Find the false statement and correct it.
a) Members of
the House of Lords can’t take part in a general election.
b)
Fewer people participate in general election nowadays then in the
forties.
c) Two candidates who gain most votes become MPs.
The legal system for England and Wales (there are
separate ones for Scotland and Northern Ireland) does not have a
criminal or civil code, but is founded upon two basic elements: Acts
of Parliament or statute law, and common law which is the outcome of
past decisions and practices based upon custom and reason. Common law
has been slowly built up since Anglo-Saxon times one thousand years
ago, while Parliament has been enacting statutes since the thirteenth
century. Generally speaking, almost all criminal law is now set out
in Acts of Parliament, while the greater part of civil law still
depends upon common law, the weight and guidance of previous similar
decisions.
1. What sort of paragraph is it?
a) description; b)
comparison; c) classification; d) definition.
2. Fill in the boxes
with suitable words and expressions.
3.
Write a formal definition of common law.
A Crown Court is presided over by a judge, but the
verdict is reached by a jury of twelve citizens, randomly selected
from the local electoral rolls. The judge must make sure that the
trial is properly conducted, that the ‘counsels’
(barristers) for the prosecution and defense comply with the rules
regarding the evidence that they produce and the examination of
witnesses, and that the jury are helped to reach their decision by
the judge’s summary of the evidence in a way which indicates on
which they must decide in order to reach a verdict. Underlying the
whole process lies the assumption that the person charged with an
offence is presumed to be innocent unless the prosecution can prove
guilt “beyond all reasonable doubt”.
1. Write a formal
definition of a judge and a naming definition of a jury.
2. Write
in suitable words.
3.
Read these notes taken while reading the paragraph. Find the false
statement and correct it.
a) A Crown Court is presided over by a
judge who makes sure that the trial is properly conducted.
b) A
jury is composed of twelve barristers, solicitors and senior
judges.
c) Underlying the British trial lies an assumption that
the person charged with an offence is presumed to be innocent unless
the prosecution can prove guilt “beyond all reasonable doubt”.
A
person convicted in a magistrates’ court may appeal against its
decision to the Crown Court. An appeal against a decision of the
Crown Court may be taken to the Court of Appeal (Criminal Division),
but it is seldom successful. The Court of Criminal Appeal dislikes
overturning a Crown Court decision unless the evidence is
overwhelming or there has been some error of legal procedure. The
highest court in the land is the House of Lords, which will consider
a case referred from the Court of Appeal where a point of general
public importance seems to be at stake. In practice the Lords are
represented by five or more of the nine Law Lords.
1. Write in
suitable words and expressions.
appeal
appeal
appeal
2.
List the conditions on which the Court of Criminal Appeal overturns a
decision of a Crown Court.
3. Write a definition of the House of
Lords answering the question: How does it function as a court?
Many small businesses fail to survive, mainly as a result of poor
management, but also because, compared with almost every other
European Community member, Britain offers the least encouraging
conditions. But such small businesses are important not only because
large businesses grow from small ones, but also because over half the
new jobs in Britain are created by firms employing fewer than 100
staff.
1. What sort of relationship is the paragraph concerned
with? Prove your point of view: underline the markers of this
relationship in the paragraph.
2. List the reasons why small
businesses in Britain are not highly successful.
3. List the
reasons why small businesses in Britain are important.
The British population is already one of the
oldest in Europe, and it is slowly getting older. In 1990 the median
age in Britain was thirty-six but it will rise to forty-one by 2020.
At the end of the 1990s the number of pensioners will begin to rise
rapidly, and the workforce will shrink. One result will be that by
2020 there will be twice as many people aged eighty-five or over as
in 1990. A disproportionate number of the old, incidentally, choose
to retire to the south coast and east Anglia, creating regional
imbalances.
1. What sort of report does the paragraph come
form?
2. Fill in the table with the data form the paragraph.
3.
Write out an example of comparison / contrast and underline the
marker of comparison / contrast.
The nuclear family is usually pictured as a
married couple, with two children, ideally a girl and a boy, and
perhaps their grandmother, or ‘granny’, in the
background. As a picture of the way most British live, this become
increasingly unrealistic each year. If the picture includes the
traditional idea of the man going out to work while the wife stays at
home, it is probably true of less than 10 per cent of the country.
Even without such a limited definition, only 42 per cent of the
population live in nuclear family households, and even within this
group a considerable proportion of parents are in their second
marriage with children from a previous marriage.
1
.
Complete the spidergraph.
2.
Fill in the blanks with words from the paragraph.
a) The
traditional picture of a _____ British family becomes increasingly
unrealistic every year.
b) A lot of British parents are in their
second ________ .
c) The traditional idea of a family includes the
man going out to work while his ______ keeps the house.
3. Find
and correct the false statement.
a) A traditional nuclear family
can be rarely seen nowadays.
b) The ideal picture of a nuclear
family includes five people: a married couple and their three
children.
c) A considerable proportion of people are not in their
first marriage with children from a previous marriage.
Since the days of Shakespeare, the English of
south east England has been considered the ‘standard’,
for no better reason than
that the south east is the region of economic and political power.
The emergence of an upper and upper-middle-class mode of speech,
‘received pronunciation’ (RP), was systematically
established through the public (in fact private) school system
attended by the boys of wealthier families. RP persists as the
accepted dialect of the national йlite.
1. What type of
relationship do the underlined words express?
2. Write a naming
definition of RP.
3. Find and correct the false statement.
a)
It is prestigious to speak RP.
b) RP appeared on the base of the
south-eastern accent.
c) The south-eastern dialect is considered
the standard because it is the closest to the language of
Shakespeare.
One of the most striking aspects of popular mainstream culture in
Britain is the love of the countryside. Many people, whether they
live in a suburban house or in a flat in a high-rise block, would say
their dream home was a country cottage with roses growing over the
door.
As a nation, the British have made a mental retreat from
the urban environment. They have a deep nostalgia for an idealised
world of neat hedgerows, cottages and great country houses,
surrounded by parkland, that clever eighteenth-century style of
gardening that looked ‘natural’. The nostalgia stems
partly from a sense of loss which has lingered since the Industrial
Revolution two centuries ago, and from a romantic love of nature
which has been such a powerful theme in English literature.
1.
What sort of report does the paragraph come from?
2. Note-taking.
List the reasons for the British nostalgia for rural life.
3.
Which of the following is the part of “the English
dream”?
Roses, sky-scrapers, stately homes, big cars,
computers, cottages, palm-trees, parks.
A basic reason so many town dwellers wish to live
in the suburbs is to have a garden in which to grow flowers. Indeed,
many suburban houses imitate a cottage style. Even in the heart of
London, its great parks, such as St. James, Hyde Park and Kensington
Gardens, are informal, recreating rural ideal, and city-dwelling
children often know the names of wild flowers and birds.
1.
Note-taking. Find the examples which prove that British town dwellers
have a nostalgia for rural life.
2. Find the synonyms of the
following words in the paragraph.
a. resident
b. country
(adj.)
c. сentre
3. Put the parts of a sentence in the
correct order.
of the countryside (A)
aspect of popular
mainstream (B)
culture in Britain (C)
one of the most striking
(D)
is the love (E)
Over a century ago, the novelist Anthony Trollop
listed the sports “essentially dear to the English nature”.
These included hunting, shooting, rowing and horse racing. He was, of
course, referring to the ‘gentleman class’, which through
the public school system established football, rugby and cricket as
national games. But hunting, rowing and horse racing, because of the
expense involved, have remained primarily upper-class pastimes.
Attendance at Henley Regatta, the high point of the rowing season,
and Royal Ascot, for horse racing, remain the pinnacles of the upper
class summer season.
1. Write out an example of cause / effect
relationship and underline the marker of cause / effect.
2. Fill
in the table with the data from the paragraph.
3.
Note-taking.
a. List the most popular sports in Britain in the
XIX century.
b. List the sports (included in 3a) which are still
popular among the upper-class.
Theatre is a powerful instrument … education as well as art
and culture. Another significant feature of British theatre is the
way … which actors have taken drama … young people,
even into primary schools. This has broken … some of the
traditional barriers … formal stage drama and the
community.
1. Fill in the gaps in the paragraph with suitable
prepositions.
2. Note-taking. List the significant features of
modern British theatre.
3.Put the parts of a sentence in the
correct order.
that some of the most painful (A)
the way we
live (B)
questions can be asked about (C)
and as a community
(D)
it is on the stage (E)
both as individuals (F)
A Canadian touring Britain in 1989 discovered, in
his own words, “There’s no such thing as the British,
only English, Irish, Welsh and Scots”. There is considerable
truth in his remark. The sense of difference from the English is more
than a thousand years old. It dates from the time when Anglo-Saxon
invaders from the European continent drove the Celtic people out of
what we call England today and into what we now call Ireland,
Scotland and Wales. In fact, almost one in five of today’s
British is not English.
1. Complete the diagram.
2.
Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the paragraph.
a.
Nowhere has the sense of conflict with the English been stronger than
in Northern ___________ .
b. The sense of _________ from the
English is still strong in Scotland and Wales.
c. Famous ________
festivals of literature and music are called eisteddfods.
3.
Find and correct the false statement.
a. the Scots, Welsh and
Irish have a Celtic origin.
b. The Anglo-Saxon invasion took place
more than a thousand years ago.
c. The Scots, Welsh and Irish like
being called English.
Schooling is compulsory for twelve years, for all
children aged five to sixteen. There are two voluntary years of
schooling thereafter. Children may attend either state-funded or
fee-paying independent schools. In England and Wales the primary
cycle lasts from five to eleven. Generally speaking, children enter
infant school, moving on to junior school at the age eleven. Roughly
90 per cent of children receive their secondary education at
‘comprehensive’ schools. Secondary school lasts either
until the end of the compulsory attendance cycle, or includes the two
final years of secondary education, generally known in Britain (for
historical reasons) as the ‘sixth form’.
1. Fill in
the table with the data from the paragraph.
2.
Find the antonyms of the following words in the paragraph.
a.
voluntary
b. secondary
c. to leave school
3. Find and
correct the false statement.
a. Independent schools are
fee-paying.
b. Children go to the sixth form after they have
finished infant school and junior school.
c. Comprehensive is the
most widely spread sort of school in England and Wales.
Nevertheless, there are approximately 130 daily and Sunday papers,
1,800 weekly papers and over 7,000 periodical publications. More
newspapers, proportionately, are sold in Britain than almost any
other country. On average, two out of three persons over the age of
fifteen read a national morning newspaper. Three out of four read a
Sunday paper. The national newspapers, both on weekdays and on
Sundays, fall into two broad categories: the ‘popular’
and ‘quality’ press.
1. What type of paragraph is it:
definition, description, classification, argumentation?
2. Make a
tree diagram to illustrate the classification of the British national
newspapers.
3. What do the following numbers refer to? Answer in
full sentences.
a. ѕ
b. 130
c. 15
In 1936 the government established the British
Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) to provide a public service in radio.
Since then the BBC has been most affected by the invention of
television, which changed the entertainment habits of the nation, and
the establishment of independent and commercial radio and television,
which removed the BBC’s broadcasting monopoly.
1. What sort
of relationship do the underlined words express?
The government
established the BBC to provide
a public service in radio.
2. Note-taking. List the events which
have had the greatest influence on the BBC since it was
established.
3. Find and write out two examples of time
relationship and underline the time indicators.
Television is the single most popular form … entertainment in
Britain. … the late 1980s the average adult spent twenty-five
hours, and children eighteen hours, … the television set each
week. They had four channels to choose …: BBC1 and BBC2, ITV
(Independent Television) and Channel Four. Channel Four, which was
established in 1982, specialises …. minority interest
programmes, but has proved highly successful.
1. Fill in the gaps
with the suitable prepositions.
2. Find and correct the false
statement.
a. Adults watch television less than children.
b.
Television is the most popular pastime in Great Britain.
c.
Channel Four is successful.
3. Note-taking. List the TV channels
available in Great Britain.
Had the First World War been lost, Britain, like
Russia, Austria and Germany, might well have lost its monarchy. In
fact, the monarchy emerged from this trial strengthened as the anchor
of the nation. George V attended the first football Cup Final at
Wembley and made skilful use of radio to become a truly popular
monarch. George VI made the monarchy yet more popular by his refusal
to leave London during air attacks on the capital during the Second
World War. By remaining in Buckingham Palace after it was itself hit,
and by tours of the most badly bombed parts of London, George VI and
his consort, Elizabeth (the Queen Mother), became the most loved
people of Britain.
1. Which relationship does the underlined word
express?
Britain, like
Russia, Austria and Germany, might well have lost its monarchy.
2.
Find and correct the false statement.
a. Britain is still a
monarchy.
b. Queen Elisabeth II ruled Britain during the Second
World War.
c. King George VI stayed in London during air attacks
on the capital.
3. Complete the diagram with the words.
George
V, London, Queen Mother, air attacks, Buckingham Palace, the First
World War, Consort, Capital, football Cup Final.
Whenever you see an old film, even one made as
little as ten years ago, you cannot help being struck by the
appearance of the women taking part. Their hair-styles and make-up
look dated; their skirts look either too long or to short; their
general appearance is, in fact, slightly ludicrous. The men taking
part in the film, on the other hand, are clearly recognisable. There
is nothing about their appearance to suggest that they belong to an
entirely different age.
1. Complete the table.
2.
Write comparative sentences using the words.
a. men, women,
fashion-conscious.
b. men’s, women’s change, fashions,
quickly.
3. Find and write out an example of contrast. Underline
the marker of contrast.
Old people are always saying that the young are
not what were. The same comment is make from generation to generation
and it is always true. It has never been truer than it is today. The
young
are better educated. They have a lot more money to spend and enjoy
more freedom. They grow up more quickly and are not so dependent on
their parents. They think more for themselves and do not blindly
accept the ideals of their elders. Events which the older generation
remembers vividly are nothing more than past history. This is as it
should be. Every new generation is different from the one that
preceded it. Today the difference is very marked indeed.
1. Write
the opposites.
a. the same.
b. false.
c. to follow.
2.
Write the words to match the definitions.
a. The whole body of
people born at the same time.
b. An important thing that once
happened.
c. Personal liberty and independence.
3. Note-taking.
List the points in which the young generation is different from the
one the preceded it.
It has been rightly said that when a man is
sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his
personality. There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a
man’s very worst qualities. People who are normally quiet and
pleasant may become unrecognisable when they are behind a
steering-wheel. They swear, they are ill-mannered and aggressive,
wilful as two-year-olds and utterly selfish. All their hidden
frustrations, disappointments and jealousies seem to be brought to
the surface by the act of driving.
1. Find and write out an
example of comparison. Underline the marker of comparison.
2.
Complete the table. Qualities brought out by the act of driving.
3.
Paraphrase the sentences using the words in brackets.
a. A man’s
worst qualities become visible when he is driving. (bring out)
b.
It’s hard to recognize a man when he is behind a
steering-wheel. (unrecognizable)
We live in a materialistic society and are trained from our earliest
years to be acquisitive. Our possessions, ‘mine’ and
‘yours’ are clearly labelled from early childhood. When
we grow old enough to earn a living, it does not surprise us to
discover that success is measured in terms of the money you earn. We
spend the whole of our lives keeping up with our neighbours, the
Joneses. If we buy a new television set, Jones is bound to buy a
bigger and better one. If we buy a new car, we can sure that Jones
will go one better and get two new cars: one for his wife and one for
himself. The most amusing thing about this game is that the Joneses
and all the neighbours who are struggling frantically to keep up with
them are spending borrowed money kindly provided, at a suitable rate
of interest, of course, by friendly banks, insurance companies, etc.
1. Find and write out two examples of condition relationship.
Underline the markers of condition.
2. The expression ‘to
keep up with the Joneses’ is an idiom. Explain its meaning.
3.
Find and correct the false statement.
a. Our society is
materialistic.
b. We measure success in terms of the money we
earn.
c. People spend the money they have saved.
You will say that is one thing to exercise censorship where children
are concerned and quite another to do the same for adults. Children
need protection and it is the parents’ responsibility to
provide it. But what about adults? Aren’t they old enough to
decide what is good for them? The answer is that many adults are, but
don’t make the mistake of thinking that all adults are like
yourself. Censorship is for the good of society as a whole. Highly
civilised people might find it possible to live amicably together
without laws of any kind: they would just rely on good sense to solve
their problems. But imagine what chaos there would be if we lived in
a society without laws! Like the law, censorship contributes to the
common good.
1. Find and write out the sentence where law and
censorship are compared. Underline the marker of comparison.
2.
Fill in the gaps with the words from the paragraph.
a. It’s
the parents’ _______ to protect their children from undesired
influence.
b. Only highly _______ people can live relying on
common sense and not laws.
c. There would be ______ if there were
no laws.
3. Put the parts of the sentence in the correct order.
A.
that censorship does is
B. by corrupting the minds of others
C.
to prevent certain people
D. one of the great things
E. from
making fat profits
It is a fallacy to suppose that all men are equal and that society
will be levelled out if you provide every body with the same
educational opportunities. (It is debatable whether you can ever
provide everyone with the same educational opportunities, but that is
another question.) The fact is that nature dispenses brains and
ability with a total disregard for the principle of equality. The old
rules of the jungle, ‘survival of the fittest’, and
‘might is right’ are still with us. The spread of
education has destroyed the old class system and created a new one.
Rewards are based on merit. For ‘aristocracy’ read
‘meritocracy’; in other respects, society remains
unaltered: the class system is rigidly maintained.
1. Find and
write out an example of condition relationship. Underline the marker
of condition.
2. Translate into Russian.
a. Nature dispenses
brains and ability with a total disregard for the principle of
equality.
b. It is debatable whether you can ever provide everyone
with the same educational opportunities.
3. Write the words to
match the definitions.
a. Government by persons selected
according to their results in competition.
b. To distribute among
a number of people.
c. The same in size, value, degree, rank etc.
In societies wholly dedicated to the principle of
social equality, privileged private education is forbidden. But even
here people are rewarded according to their abilities. In fact, so
great is the need for skilled workers that the least able may be
neglected. Bright children are carefully and expensively trained to
become future rulers. In the end, all political ideologies boil down
to the same thing: class divisions persist whether you are ruled by a
feudal king or an educated peasant.
1. Write a definition of
private education.
2. Which type of relationship does the
underlined word express?
In some societies private education is
forbidden. But even
here people are rewarded according to their abilities.
3.
Paraphrase the sentences using the words in brackets.
a. So great
is the need for skilled workers that the least able may be neglected.
(because)
b. Class divisions persist whether you are ruled by
feudal king or an educated peasant. (to destroy)
English has become a world language because of its establishment as a
mother tongue outside England, in all the continents of the world.
This exporting of English began in the seventeenth century, with the
first settlements in North America. Above all, it is the great growth
of population in the United States, assisted by massive immigration
in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, that has given the English
language its present standing in the world.
1. Find and write out
an example of cause/effect relationship and underline the marker of
cause.
2. Note-taking. List the reasons why English has became a
world language.
3. Write synonyms of the following words.
a. to
facilitate
b. position
c. a native language
The most popular evening entertainment is watching television or
video, which the average person does for two and half hours a day.
After that, the next most popular activity is visiting friends, going
the cinema or a restaurant, or going the pub. The most popular hobby
is gardening and the most popular sports are fishing, football and
tennis.
1. Complete the spidergraph with the information from the
paragraph.
2. What do you call a person who is involved in
a.
working in the garden
b. playing tennis
c. Fishing
3. Write
a formal and naming definition of the person in 2b.
I have a theory about English cooking, and I was
interested to read that several famous cookery writers agree …
me. My theory is this. Our basic
ingredients, when fresh, are so full …
flavour that we haven’t had to invent sauces and complex
recipes to disguise their natural taste. What can compare …
fresh peas or new potatoes just boiled (not overboiled) and served …
butter? Why drown spring lamb … wine or cream or yoghurt and
spices, when with just one or two herbs it is absolutely
delicious?
1. Fill in the gaps in the paragraph with suitable
prepositions.
2. Which of these titles do you think represents the
message of the paragraph in the best way?
a. English food in
disguise.
b. Become a vegetarian and enjoy being green.
c.
Fresh is best in the English kitchen.
d. Fish and chips against
the world.
3. Write the nouns to match the adjectives.
a.
complex ___________
b. boiled ___________
c. spring ___________
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. He that is not with
us is against us.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. Love makes the world
go round.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. My home is my castle.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. Hope is a good
breakfast but a bad supper.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. There is nothing
permanent under the moon.
Do you agree or disagree with the following quotation? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. There is one step
from the sublime to the ridiculous.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. While there is life,
there is hope.
Do you agree or disagree with the following quotation? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. Truth is always
strange,- stranger than fiction.
Do you agree or disagree with the following quotation? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. I do not think much
of a man who is not wiser today than he was yesterday.
Do you agree or disagree with the following quotation? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. True love is like
ghosts which everybody talks about but few have seen.
Do you agree or disagree with the following quotation? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. Good breeding
consists in concealing how much we think of ourselves and how little
we think of the other person.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. The end justifies the
means.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. Every man is the
maker of his own fortune.
Which of these two approaches do you agree with? Use reasons and
specific examples to support your opinion. Poverty is no sin. The
more you have, the more you want.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. The early bird
catches the worm.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. Talk of the devil
/and he is sure to appear/.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. You never know what
you can do till you try.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. All work and no play
makes Jack a dull boy.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. It's easier to pull
down than to build up.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. Everything comes to
him who waits.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. Don't swap horses
while crossing the stream.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. Beauty lies in
lover's eyes.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. There is no smoke
without fire.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. Out of sight, out of
mind.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Use reasons
and specific examples to support your opinion. The grass is always
greener on the other side of the fence.
This is one of the chief functions of satire and
irony. Human pain and suffering are so grim; we hover so often on the
brink of war; political realities are usually enough to plunge us
into total despair. In such circumstances, cartoons and satirical
accounts of sombre political events redress the balance. They take
the wind out of pompous and arrogant politicians who have lost their
sense of proportion. They enable us to see that many of our most
profound actions are merely comic or absurd. We laugh when a great
satirist like Swift writes about war in Gulliver’s
Travels. The Lilliputians and their
neighbours attack each other because they can’t agree which end
to break an egg. We laugh because we are meant to laugh; but we are
meant to weep too. It is no wonder that in totalitarian regimes any
satire against the Establishment is wholly banned. It is too powerful
a weapon to be allowed to flourish.
1. Identify the controlling
idea.
2. Is the following an example of argumentation? Carry out
the for /so test.
Political fanatics lock humour. If they could
see the funny side, they would never make the mistake of taking
themselves too seriously.
3. Find and correct the false
statement.
a. There is much grimness in the world.
b. The
problem of politicians is that they have lost their sense of time.
c.
Satire against Establishment is banned if totalitarian regimes.
What a relief it is to grow up. Suddenly you regain your balance; the
world opens up before you. You are free to choose; you have your own
place to live in and your own money to spend. You do not have to seek
constant approval for everything you do. You are no longer teased,
punished or ridiculed by heartless adults because you failed to come
up to some theoretical standard. And if on occasion you are teased,
you know how to deal with it. You can simply tell other adults to go
to hell: you are one yourself.
1. Write synonyms of the following
words.
a. grown up
b. cruel
c. Appreciation
2. Fill in
the gaps with prepositions.
a. What are you going to be when you
grow _______?
b. I didn’t know how to deal ______ the
problem.
c. The play wasn’t ______ to my expectations.
3.
Make an outline of the paragraph.
We are often told that technological know-how, acquired in attempting
to get us into orbit, will be utilised to make life better on earth.
But what has the space race done to relieve the suffering of the
earth’s starving millions? In what way has it raised the
standard of living of any one of us? As far as the layman is
concerned, the practical results of all this expenditure of money and
effort are negligible. Thanks to space research, we can now see
television pictures transmitted live half-way across the globe and
the housewife can use non-stick frying-pans in the kitchen. The whole
thing becomes utterly absurd when you think that no matter what
problems man overcomes, it is unlikely that he will ever be able to
travel even to the nearest star.
1. Write a topic sentence for the
paragraph. The controlling idea is: results.
2. Find and correct
the false statement.
a. Satellite TV is a product of space
research.
b. People are unlikely to travel even to the nearest
star.
c. Space research has raised everybody’s living
standard.
3. Find and write out an example of cause / effect
relationship and underline the marker of cause / effect.
Some countries, like Britain, have already
abandoned peace-time conscription. Unfortunately, they haven’t
done so far idealistic reasons, but from a simple recognition of the
fact that modern warfare is a highly professional business. In the
old days, large armies were essential. There was strength in numbers;
ordinary soldiers were cannon fodder. But in these days of
inter-continental ballistic missiles, of push-button warfare and
escalation, unskilled manpower has become redundant. In a mere two
years or so, you can’t hope to train conscripts in the
requirements and conditions of modern warfare. So why bother? Leave
it to the professionals!
1. Identify the controlling idea.
2.
Write the words to match the definitions.
a. compulsory enlistment
for military service
b. state of war
c. to be no longer
needed
3. Complete the table.
Armies
Camping has so much to offer. You enjoy absolute
freedom. You have none of the headaches of advance hotel booking or
driving round and round a city at midnight looking for a room. There
are no cold hotel breakfasts, no surly staff to tip. For a
ludicrously small sum, you can enjoy comforts which few hotels could
provide. Modern camping sites are well equipped with hot and cold
running water and even shops and dance floors! Low-cost holidays make
camping an attractive proposition. But above all, you enjoy
tremendous mobility. If you don’t like a place, or if it is too
crowded, you can simply get up and go. Conversely, you can stay as
long as you like. You’re the boss.
1. What
type of relationship do the underlined words express?
Above
all, you enjoy tremendous mobility.
2.
What is the message of the paragraph?
a. Camping is the ideal way
of spending a holiday.
b. Modern hotels are not up to people‘s
requirements.
c. It‘s a waste of time and money to go on
holiday abroad.
3. List the advantages
of a camping holiday.
Camping provides you with a real change from everyday living. You get
up earlier, go to bed earlier, develop a hearty appetite. You have
enormous opportunity to meet people of various nationalities and to
share your pleasures with them. People are so friendly when they are
relaxed. How remote the strained world of hotels seems when you are
camping! How cold and unfriendly the formal greetings that are
exchanged each day between the residents! For a few precious weeks in
the year, you really adopt a completely different way of life. And
that’s the essence of true recreation and real enjoyment.
1.
Identify the controlling idea.
2. Fill in the gaps with
prepositions.
a. His way ________ life often surprises me.
b. I
really need a change ________ my usual routine.
c. I don’t
like sharing a room ________ a person I don’t know.
3. Put
the parts of the sentence in the correct order.
A. bitten to
death
B. it no longer
C. by mosquitoes
D. if you go
camping
E. means that you will be
First, the fast-food restaurant is good for people who must have a
quick bite because of a busy schedule. Second, the food is
inexpensive yet tasty. A person can eat an enjoyable meal out and
stay within a limited budget. Finally, the food is usually
consistent. For example, a cheeseburger from a well-known fast-food
restaurant looks and tastes about the same no matter where in the
world it is purchased. Consequently, buyers know exactly what they
are getting.
1. Write a topic sentence for the paragraph.
2.
Find and write out an example of effect relationship and underline
the marker of effect.
3. Write out the adjectives which
characterize fast-food restaurant concerning:
a. food
b.
clients
c. service
Although seat belts have been shown to save lives,
people give a number of reasons for not using them. First, many
people think they are a nuisance. They say the belt is uncomfortable
and inhibits freedom of movement. Second, many people are lazy. For
them it is too much trouble to put on and adjust a seat belt,
especially if they are only going a short distance. Third, some
people don’t believe they will have an accident because they
are careful and experienced drivers. They think they will be able to
respond quickly to avoid a crash. Finally, some people are afraid the
seat belt will trap them in their car. If they have an accident, they
might not be able to get out of a car that is burning, or they might
be unconscious and another person won’t be able to get them
out. All these reasons seem inadequate,
since statistics show that wearing seat belts saves lives and
prevents serious injuries.
1. Identify the topic and the
controlling idea.
2. Put questions to the underlined parts of the
paragraph.
3. Find and write out an example of contrast
relationship . Underline the marker of contrast.
When you plant a tree, you are helping your
environment in many ways. Your tree will provide a home and food for
other creatures. It will hold the soil in place. In will provide
shade in the summer. You can watch it grow and someday show your
children or even grandchildren the tree you planted.
1. Answer the
questions and add details to the paragraph.
A. What kind of home
would the tree provide?
B. What kind of food would the tree
provide?
C. What kind of creatures might use the tree?
D. Why
is holding the soil in place important?
E. Why is shade
important?
2. Who and what can you help if you plant a tree?
3.
Write the English
equivalents.
a.
во многих
отношениях
b.
почва
c.
посадить дерево
The major problems a working mother faces concern
her children. She must either find a reliable person who will be
loving toward the children or a good day-care center where the
children can go. If a child gets sick, the mother
must make special arrangements for the child to be cared for at home,
or she must stay home from work. While at work the mother may worry
about her children. She may wonder if they are safe, if they are
learning the values she wants them to have, and if her absence is
hurting them emotionally. She may also regret not being able to take
them to after-school activities or participate in family activities
with them.
1. Make an outline of the paragraph.
2. Translate
into Russian.
She may wonder if they are safe, if they are
learning the values she wants them to have, and if her absence is
hurting them emotionally.
3. Find and write out an example of
condition relationship. Underline the marker of condition.
Even though a mother is frequently forced into working for economic
reasons, she soon discovers that there are added expenses. Her
biggest expense is child care. Another expense is transportation.
This may include purchasing and maintaining a car. Yet another
expense is clothing, such as a uniform or stylish suits to maintain a
professional appearance. Finally, if her company does not have a
subsidized cafeteria, she will have to pay for food in
restaurants.
1. Identify and write out the markers of
enumeration.
2. Distribute the problems into the following
groups.
a. children
b. work – related problems
c.
extra expenses
d. physical problems
Problems: staying late at
work, exhaustion, raising children, cost of transportation, housework
after work, child care expenses, worry and anxiety, sick children.
3.
Find and correct the false statement.
a. A working mother must
have a professional appearance.
b. Transportation is one of the
biggest expenses.
c. Clothing is the biggest expense of a working
mother.
Living in an apartment many advantages. First, students can choose to
live in a quiet neighbourhood. A quiet neighbourhood is conductive to
studying. Away from the distractions of campus life, students can be
more serious about their studies. Second, apartment life allows
students to be more independent. For example, they can cook whatever
they want to eat and have their meals whenever they want them. Third,
students can often find apartments that are cheaper than the fee for
room and board in a dormitory.
1. Identify the topic and the
controlling idea.
2. What are the advantages listed concerned
with? Make an outline of the paragraph and give each group of
advantages a title.
3. “A quiet neighbourhood is conductive
to studying” is an opinion. Support it with an argument.
There are two teams of nine players each. Players on one team take
turns batting, and the other team tries to put the batters out. The
batter hits the ball and then tries to run around the bases and get
“home” safely. The other team tries to put the batter out
by catching the ball before it hits the ground, throwing the ball to
the base before the batter gets there, or by tagging the batter with
the ball, the batter can stop at any one of the three bases if it is
impossible to make it “home”.
1. Write a topic
sentence for the paragraph.
2. Write a formal definition of
baseball.
3. Formulate the purpose of a batter.
Pictures or posters ___ the wall make a dormitory room feel more
_____ home. A rug on the floor beside the bed is a nice addition ___
an otherwise cold and hard floor. Besides textbooks, favourite books
______ home on the bookshelf and photograph or two ___ the family on
the desk also add a comforting touch to the impersonal dormitory
room.
1. Write a topic sentence for the paragraph.
2. List the
objects which can make a dormitory room look more like home.
3.
Fill in the gaps with prepositions.
Sharing a flat certainly has some advantages. To
begin with, it should be cheaper, and
if you are sharing with people that you get on well with, it is nice
to have some company at have rather than being all on you own. Also
the household chores are shared, and that is very important,
Particularly when
you are younger, and you are living apart from your parents for the
first time, it can be very enjoyable to live with people of your own
age, whose interests and life-style you shave.
1. Which of the
words underlined could be replaced with one of the
following?
Especially, first of all, another point is that.
2.
Identify the topic and the controlling idea.
3. Distribute the
advantages listed in the paragraph into the following groups:
a.
those concerning money
b. those concerning housework
c. those
concerning people
However, sharing
a flat does have some district disadvantages, and the main one is
that the flat is not you own, so you cannot do what you want in it.
What happens if you want to go to bed but you flat-mate wants to play
music? To certain extent you have to be unselfish. What
is more there can to little privacy.
1.
Find and write out an example of argumentation. Identify the opinion
and the argument.
2. Replace the words underlined with synonymic
expressions or linking words.
3. Write the words to match the
definitions.
a. a person one shares a flat with
b. being alone
and undisturbed
c. belonging to somebody as their property
The first army almost certainly carried weapons no different from
those that hunters had been using on animals and on each other for
thousand of years previously – spears, knives, axes, perhaps
bows and arrows. Its strength did not lie in mere numbers; what made
it an army was discipline and organization. This multitude of men
obeyed a single commander and killed his enemies to achieve his
goals. It was the most awesome concentration of power the human world
had ever seen, and nothing except another army could hope to resist
it.
1. Write out the names of weapons mentioned in the paragraph
and translate them into Russian.
2. List the reasons why the first
army was strong.
3. Paraphrase the sentences using the words in
brackets.
a. Their weapons were no different from those that
hunters had been using on animals. (same)
b. Nothing except
another army could hope to resist it. (only)
We assume that people will kill ___ they find themselves in a
situation where their own survival is threatened, and nobody needs
lessons to learn how to die. What is less obvious is that practically
anybody can persuaded and manipulated ________________ that he will
more or less voluntarily enter a situation wherein he must kill and
perhaps die. Yet if that were not true, battles would be impossible,
and civilization would have taken a very different course (if indeed
it arose at all).
1. Fill in the gaps with linking words or
expressions.
2. Summarize the paragraph in 2-3 sentences.
3.
Put the parts of the sentence in the correct order.
A. but it is a
safe assumption
B. five thousand male human beings
C. they
belonged to an army
D. it can never be proved
E. were ever
gathered together in one place
F. that the first time
So the question is now of technique. How can parents create the kind
of brain growth that leads to expertise in reading math, gymnastics,
and the like? Say you want to teach your six-month-old how to read.
Write down a series of short, familiar words in large, clear letters
of flashcards. Show the cards to your infant five or six times a day,
simultaneously reciting the word written on each one. With his
extraordinary retentive powers he’ll soon be learning hundreds
of words, then phrases. The idea is to try to treat the baby’s
mind as a sponge. By the age of three, Doman guarantees, you child
will be entertaining himself and amazing your friends by reading
‘everything in sight’. In like manner he can learn to
perform staggering mathematical stunts, or to distinguish and
thoughtfully analyze the works of the Great Master or the classical
composers.
1. Does the article describe?
a. an event
b. a
process
c. a location
2. Make a flow-chart illustrating the
stages of teaching a baby how to read.
3. Find and correct the
false statement.
a. Parents teach their children reading through
songs.
b. Doman treats the baby’s mind as a sponge.
c.
Parents should show the baby words on flashcards and simultaneously
pronounce them.
When you travel at high speeds, the present means
nothing: you live mainly in the future because you spend most of your
time looking forward to arriving at some other place. But actual
arrival, when it is achieved, is meaningless. You want to move on
again. By travelling like this, you suspend all experience; the
present ceases to be a reality: you might just as well be dead. The
traveller on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the
present. For him travelling and arriving are one and the same thing:
he arrives somewhere with every step he makes. He experiences the
present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At
the end of his journey he feels a delicious physical weariness. He
knows that sound, satisfying sleep will be his: the just reward of
all true travellers.
1. Which pattern of comparison is followed in
the paragraph?
2. Which of the titles suits the paragraph best?
a.
Transport kills your soul.
b. Weariness is the best reward.
c.
The best way to travel is on foot.
3. Complete the table.
Our house was always open to whoever came round. You’d never
know how many people would sit down to a meal. My parents were always
inviting people in, and my sisters and I brought friends from school.
They used to love coming to our house because they were made so
welcome. There were no petty rules, and as long as we tidied up they
didn’t mind what we did. We called a lot of my parents’
friends ‘Uncle’ or ‘Aunt’ so-and-so. We never
used to know who were our real relations! But what was so nice for us
kids was that we grew up surrounded by a lot of adults, not just our
parents, so we heard what they had to say, and they listened to our
opinions as well.
1. What kind of paragraph is it :
A
definition, a classification, a dissipation, an analysis?
Make an
outline of the paragraph.
2. List the things the author liked
about his or her family? Distribute them into several groups and give
each group a title.
3. Write a topic sentence for the paragraph.
Underline the topic. Which of the following ideas doesn’t
support the topic?
a. My parents were my best friends. If I needed
their help and advice, I got it immediately.
b. My school teachers
were also very good and understanding.
c. It was nice to have the
house full of guests. It created an unforgettable atmosphere of
festivity.
The white pages of an American telephone book give the phone numbers
of residences. The blue pages contain the combers of government
offices, and the yellow pages have advertisements and business
numbers. There are maps as well as indexes at the back of the book.
The telephone books of larger cities may provide separate books for
different sections of the city, while those of small towns may have
room to include the numbers from several towns all in one book.
1.
The topic sentence is missing. Write it and underline the topic.
2.
Make an outline of the paragraph.
3. Which of the sentences
summarizes the contents of the paragraph?
a. All American
telephone books have more or less the same structure.
b. In the
USA you can buy a telephone book at the nearest post-office.
c.
American telephone books are nice to look at.
Working at a part-time job while studying at a university has many
advantages. If students can get a job in their area of study, they
are gaining valuable experience and putting their knowledge to use
immediately. The extra money they can earn will be useful for meeting
tuition fees and enjoying university activities. Also, they will have
the personal satisfaction of having contributed to their own
education. Students who need extra money can hold down a full-time
temporary job during their summer vacation.
1. Identify the topic
and the controlling idea in the topic sentence.
2. Cross out the
idea that doesn’t support the topic sentence.
3. Which of
the following supporting ideas was not mentioned in the paragraph?
Working part-time while studying has many advantages.
a.
provides useful experience
b. brings personal satisfaction
c.
leaves enough time for studies
d. brings extra money
People can avoid catching a cold by taking certain precautions.
Perhaps the most important precaution is to avoid people who already
have colds … that you are not exposed to cold germs. You
should … get plenty of sleep so that … resistance is
strong. Eating nutritious food will ensure that you have the vitamins
that can help fight cold germs. …. , you could try taking
vitamin C supplements, which may help prevent your catching a
cold.
1. Fill in the gaps with linking words.
2. Identify the
topic and the controlling idea.
3. Make an outline of the
paragraph.
Children often suffer from all sorts of terrible illogical fears.
What a relief it is to grow up. Suddenly you regain you balance; the
world opens up before you. You are free to choose; you have your own
place to live in a you own money to spend. You do not have to seek
constant approval for everything you do. You are no longer teased,
punished or ridiculed by heartless adults because you failed to com
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