Английский язык. Тесты ЕГЭ с решениями и ответами (2015 год)

 

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Английский язык. Тесты ЕГЭ с решениями и ответами (2015 год)

 

 

Task 1.
1
Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some
interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your
friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out
aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.
There is an established stereotype among foreigners that Russia is a country of
eternal frost and snow-covered streets. This is all because for many years
foreigners have been frightened by the phrase "Russian winter". But it's not all that
simple, Russia is a vast country and the weather in different areas can be
completely different. Russia consists of several continental zones For example, in
the north winters are long and harsh, in some places there is lots of snow and
temperatures fall below -40 degrees Celsius . These winters are normal, not only in
the northern regions of the country but even in the Far East. Summers in these
areas don't even see three warm months out of the year
The closer you get to the south the warmer the Russian climate gets. In the central
part of the country summer becomes warm--even hot--which makes it possible for
a good harvest of grain, fruit and vegetables. Winters here are not extremely cold
and the average winter temperature does not fall below -15 degrees Celsius. By the
way, in Russia the real warmth does not start until the middle of April. And only at
the end of May does everything start to bloom and people go without their warm
clothing.
2
Task 2. Study the advertisement.
You are considering visiting the museum and now you'd like to get more
information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the
following:
1) location of the museum
2) opening hours
3) admission fee
4) special exhibitions
5) discounts for students
You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
3
Task 3. Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some
photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend.
1
2
3
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more
than 2 minutes ( 12-15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
when you took the photo
what/who is in the photo
what is happening
why you took this photo
why you decided to show the picture to your friend
You have to talk continuously, starting with: "I've chosen photo number..."
Task 4. Study the twо phоtоgraphs. In 1.5 minutes be ready tо cоmpare and
4
cоntrast the phоtоgraphs:
give a brief description of the photos (action, location)
say what the pictures have in common
say in what way the pictures are different
say which way of reading books you'd prefer
explain why
Yоu will speak fоr nоt mоre than 2 minutes (12-15 sentences). Yоu have tо
talk continuously.
1
2
Тексты для аудирования
Сейчас Вы будете выполнять задания по аудированию. Каждый текст про-
звучит 2 раза. После первого и второго прослушиваний у Вас будет время
для выполнения и проверки заданий. Все паузы включены в аудиозапись.
Остановка и повторное воспроизведение аудиозаписи не предусмотрены. По
окончании выполнения всего раздела «Аудирование» перенесите свои ответы
в бланк ответов № 1.
Задание 1
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказы-
ваниями каждого говорящего A-F и утверждениями, данными
в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответ-
ствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утвер-
ждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. У
Вас есть 20 секунд, чтобы ознакомиться с заданием.
Now we are ready to start.
Speaker A
Learning Spanish let me be part of my best friend's family and have friends in col-
lege from South America whom I may not have met had I not had such an interest
in learning Spanish. I like myself with these other people more than I like my
American self (if that makes sense). I have known a lot of people who learned an-
other language at the age of
19 and above who now speak their second language
almost without an accent but speak their first language with an accent!
Speaker B
Learning a foreign language always gives you a chance to compare the foreign
language and your mother tongue. In order to learn another language, you need to
learn the different titles and functions of sentence parts. Learning these things can
make you a better student and a more articulate person. Also, many of the root
words used in foreign vocabulary will help you later on as you struggle to compre-
hend or analyze new words in your native language. For instance, studying Latin in
high school taught me an incredible amount of English, because English has so
many words that come from Latin. The same is with Greek.
Speaker C
I know this might not make sense at first but hear me out. I know it's not polite in
some situations. But if you and some of your friends learn a foreign language,
you'll be able to talk to each other without other people having a clue what you're
saying. This works best if you choose a language few people study, such as Japa-
nese. Avoid the Big Two (Spanish and French), because too many of us learned
them in high school. And you never know who has a German, Finnish, Italian, or
Greek grandmother!
Speaker D
Traveling is one of the great joys of life and also one of the most expensive. Why
not get the most out of your experience? As a person who doesn’t know the native
tongue you are completely excluded from the culture. The locals ignore you and all
that’s left for you is sightseeing and taking cheesy photos. Knowing even a few
phrases of the language will make a huge difference. You will meet many more
people and find it much easier to get around. People are much more welcoming if
you make an effort to speak their language. This can turn a frustrating experience
into the trip of a lifetime.
Speaker E
A language is what makes us human. It is the medium we use to share our thoughts
with the world. Could you imagine а thought without а language? A great language
also has a wonderful musical quality. Learning a new language is like learning a
new way to think and a new way to sing. I am often struck by new phrases that are
profoundly meaningful and melodic. At those moments I feel grateful to be alive.
Don’t sell yourself short by stubbornly ignoring every language but one.
Speaker F
Believe it or not, the majority of the world does not speak English. We are so iso-
lated that we hardly realize this. The truth is new thoughts and ideas are happening
everywhere and they are not being immediately translated. The world is getting
smaller and we are coming into contact with more non-English speakers all the
time. Gain an advantage for yourself in business and personal relationships by be-
ing able to communicate with people in their language. This will set you apart and
gain you immediate respect and credibility.
You have 15 seconds to complete the task. ( Pause 15 seconds.)
Now you will hear the texts again. (Repeat.)
This is the end of the task. You now have 15 seconds to check your answers.
(Pause 15 seconds.)
Задание 2
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G
соответствуют содержанию текста ( 1-True), какие не соответствуют (
2-False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текса нельзя
дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3-Not stated). Зане-
сите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите за-
пись дважды. У Вас есть 20 секунд, чтобы ознакомиться с заданиями.
Now we are ready to start.
John: Hello, Maggie. What are you buying?
Maggie: I'm choosing a dress to begin with. What do you think about this one?
John: Ooh, it's a gorgeous dress, Maggie, but the other one seems nicer.
Maggie: Mmm, it's lovely, isn't it? But you're right, the blue dress looks better.
And I'm going to buy it.
John: Remember to take the receipt. Last year I couldn't return a jumper because
I didn't have a receipt.
Maggie: What was wrong with the jumper?
John: Nothing except the colour, the shape and the size. It was a present from
Mum. Every Christmas she gives me a dreadful jumper, but I can't explain to her
that I don't need it because I don't want to hurt her feelings.
Maggie: That's why I always buy clothes myself.
John: Can we go and look at the computer games now?
Maggie: OK, Johnny, you are very patient. Let's just have a look at shoes and then
we can go to the electronics shop. I want to buy a camera for my brother. So what
are you doing at Christmas John? You've got a few days off work, haven't you?
John: Indeed I have, Maggie, and I'm going to Poland for a few days. I'm looking
forward to a nice cosy Christmas. Fancy joining me?
Maggie: I've already been invited, but thank you. Tim and I had quite a long chat
the other day. It'd be nice to see him but I've already made plans. I'm spending
Christmas with my Mom and Dad.
John: Yeah, you'll have a family Christmas. I expect we're feeling peckish, so
we'll have a quick bite to eat before going home.
Maggie: OK, let's go.
You have 15 seconds to complete the task. ( Pause 15 seconds.)
Now you will hear the text again. (Repeat.)
This is the end of the task. You now have 15 seconds to check your answers.
(Pause 15 seconds.)
Задания 3-9
Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите цифру 1,2 или 3, соответ-
ствующую выбранному Вам варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись два-
жды. У Вас есть 50 секунд, чтобы познакомиться с заданиями.
Now we are ready to start.
Presenter: Good morning. Today we've got Susan B. Anderson, a popular knit-
wear designer and the author of some famous books. She's also a blogger with a
well-organized legion of fans . Enjoy. Hello, Susan. Nice to meet you.
Susan: Hello. Nice to meet you too.
Presenter: Did you always want to be a fashion designer?
Susan: Both of my Grandmothers were fashion designers, but I didn’t really
know that until I started college! One had her own label and the other worked as a
Womenswear Designer for a fashion house in Dublin. For as long as I can remem-
ber I was always interested in fashion and started to modify my clothes from a very
young age. My mother taught me to knit when I was six. Definitely, I thought
about other occupations such as being an architect, but as soon as I knitted the first
dress from just a ball of wool, I knew knitting was my calling in life!
Presenter: Where did you study?
Susan: When I was in high school I took a tech theater class where my professor,
after seeing me create patterns without formal background, introduced me to the
idea that I could study and in fact work in fashion. None of my guidance counse-
lors knew about schools or careers in fashion at that time so I turned to the Inter-
net, I found summer programmes and developed a portfolio that got me into the
Fashion Institute of Technology.
Presenter:
Could you talk us through
your
fashion
CV?
Susan: Last year I worked on my own label and launched my first collection,
Spring Summer 2014, at NY Profile during New York Fashion Week, where I
picked up the ‘Best Womenswear Designer’ award. I also took my collection to
Tokyo, where I had a fashion show and exhibition. Just recently I had my debut
show at London Fashion Week, showing my A/W 09 collection at Vauxhall Fash-
ion Scout.
Presenter: It is really gorgeous. What inspired your A/W 09 collection?
Susan: My trip to Tokyo 2 years ago where I met Japanese designers and was
introduced to Japanese culture- I was amazed by the bold architecture and the con-
trast of delicate patterns, often found on the facades. My aim was to create a col-
lection which was both modern and bold, yet sophisticated.
Presenter: How do you describe your style?
Susan: Simple, but funky. I like unexpected colors or interesting patterns and with
a little Rock n' Roll or vintage decor nod.
Presenter: Any new projects in the works?
Susan : Yup! I'm currently writing my seventh book (but first one for Chronicle
Books), which will focus on projects using intermediate knitting skills. I'm work-
ing on my new collection but it's a secret.
Presenter: What’s your favorite part of blogging?
Susan: My favorite part of blogging is the interaction I have with the readers.
I have had so many mothers and grandmothers send me photos of their new babies
and children . I have had e-mails and comments from people with elderly or sick
family members who have knitted a toy to brighten their days I have heard from
countless charities all doing so much good in the world through knitting. I also get
to hear from new and experienced knitters who are inspired to try something new
because they saw it on the blog. It's the heartwarming stories big and small, and the
words of appreciation and encouragement that make blogging so worthwhile.
I have fun with it and I always look forward to posting a new entry.
Presenter: Thanks, Susan, for taking the time to talk.
You have 15 seconds to complete the task. ( Pause 15 seconds.)
Now you will hear the text again. (Repeat.)
This is the end of the task. You now have 15 seconds to check your answers.
(Pause 15 seconds.)
This is the end of the Listening test.
Время, отведённое на выполнение заданий, истекло.
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите
6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между
1
высказываниями каждого говорящего A-F и утверждениями, данными
в списке
1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное
соответствующей буквой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее
утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы
в таблицу.
1. We can exchange gossip secretly.
2. You can understand your language better.
3. Choosing a foreign language to study is not easy.
4. I have a chance to change my identity.
5. Languages and music have a lot in common.
6. Languages boost your prestige.
7. Speaking a foreign language helps you not to feel foreign.
Говорящий
A
B
C
D
E
F
Утверждение
2
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G
соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют
(2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя
дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated).
Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы
услышите запись дважды
A. Maggie is trying on a blue dress when she meets John.
B. John could not get a refund for a jumper last year.
C. Maggie refuses to go to the electronic shop with John.
D. John is not going to work for a week at Christmas.
E. John suggests that he and Maggie celebrate Christmas together.
F. Maggie is spending Christmas with her parents.
G. Maggie and John will have a snack in a cafe.
Утверждение
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
Соответствие
диалогу
Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2
или
3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту
ответа.
Вы
услышите запись дважды.
3
Susan decided to become a knitwear designer when
1) she learned that her relatives were designers.
2) she made a woolen dress.
3) her mother taught her to knit.
Ответ:
How did Susan learn about the Fashion Institute of Technology?
4
1) It was recommended by her professor.
2) It was advised to her by guidance counselors.
3) She found out about it on her own.
Ответ:
5
Susan's A/W 09 collection was shown in
1) the USA.
2) Japan.
3) England.
Ответ:
When Susan was in Tokyo, she was impressed by
6
1) Japanese archi ectural style.
2) the patterns of Japanese clothes.
3) the modern collection of Japanese designers.
Ответ:
7
Susan's style can be described as
1) traditional.
2) blended.
3) casual.
Ответ:
8
What does Susan say about her new book?
1) It will be another book for Chronicle Books.
2) It is not going to be for beginners.
3) It will be about her completed projects.
Ответ:
9
Susan enjoys blogging because
1) she can communicate with people.
2) she has a chance to receive photos from her relatives.
3) she can donate money to charities.
Ответ:
Раздел 2. Чтение
10
Установите соответствие между текстами A-G и заголовками
1-8.
Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один
раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1.
Controversies and developments
5. Unusual commercials
2.
Difficult to find the difference
6 Time is money
3.
Good for various spheres of life
7 Fairer chances for business
4.
Keeping viewers glued to a TV set 8. The appearance of TV advertising
A.
For about seventy years TV has been used as a vehicle for advertising in
some countries . Since the late 1940s, television commercials have become
far and away the most effective and most popular method of selling products
of all sorts. The radio advertising industry was well-established when
television made its debut in the 1940s, and television was developed as a
commercial medium, based upon the successful format of the radio.
B.
In the earliest days of television, it was often difficult to understand whether
you watch actual television programmes or commercials. Many of the earliest
television shows were sponsored by single companies, who inserted their
names and products into the shows as much as possible. For example, Texaco
employees appeared during the show to perform while the Texaco musical
logo would play in the background.
C.
Another important milestone came in the 1960s with the introduction of very
short commercial breaks during a TV show. Now it was possible for several
companies to use a popular programme as an advertising platform together. It
was one of the most efficient ways of marketing, and companies like Tide and
Crest took it as an opportunity to expand their ad campaigns.
D.
In the 1970s, the broadcast of television advertisements which promoted
cigarettes was banned by the administration. This resulted in a conflict
between the government and television networks, as for them these ads
constituted a significant portion of the total revenue. The period between the
1970s and the 1990s was marked by the increase of the time of commercial
breaks from 9 to 19 minutes or the debut of celebrities advertising brand
products.
E.
Today the vast majority of television commercials consist of brief advertising
spots, ranging in length from a few seconds to several minutes. Commercials
of this sort have been used to sell literally every product imaginable over the
years, from household products to goods and services, to political campaigns.
It
is
considered
impossible
for
a politician to
wage a
successful election campaign without airing a good television commercial.
F.
The brief commercial "breaks" that interrupt shows regularly are the primary
reason for the existence of modern-day television networks.
The
programming is intended to capture the attention of the audience so that they
will not want to change the channel; instead, they will (hopefully) watch the
commercials while waiting for the next segment of the show. Entire industries
exist that focus solely on the task of keeping the viewing audience interested
enough to sit through commercials.
G.
The TV commercial is generally considered the most effective mass-market
advertising format, and this is reflected by the high prices TV networks
charge for commercial airt me during popular TV events. The ratings systems
determine how successful television shows are, so that they can decide what
rates to charge advertisers for their commercial airtime. For example, a single
thirty-second TV spot in prime time may cost up to $2 million.
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
Ответ:
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A-F частями предложений,
обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7 - лишняя.
Занесите цифру, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения,
в таблицу.
11
Starting your own business
What are the reasons for starting your own business? One of them is because you
believe you are the best in that line or because you have a product or service that
has never been offered to the market before. Another is that you are a person in
a real hurry and cannot suffer the A___________ to reach your goals.
Sometimes it is because you have an inheritance B___________ _ soon after you
set up a business or that there already is a cash purse with loose strings and you
want to make the best of this bonanza.
If your reasons are any or all of the above, abandon the though right now and save
yourself the disillusionment C____________into the world of commerce.
Start your own business just for the sake of doing a trade, or for D___________.
Do not burden yourself with lofty notions of superiority when compared to your
peers. When setting out to start your own business, be emotional about it, but not
impractical; don’t be led by your heart, but be dictated by your mind.
Having covered those parts that are not taught in a business school, let us look at
E____________ your own business. You should start with a SWOT analysis-
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats - analyze these for yourself, for
partners in your business, if any, and for the business itself.
If the result of the analysis s encouraging, then prepare a business plan. It is like
a road map for actions in the near foreseeable future to achieve your business
goals. Finally, execute the business plan with precision; tweak it as you go along,
only so that it he ps to meet the end goal of successfully F_____________ the
business.
1. the essentials of starting
2. that awaits when you step
3 trials and tribulations of employment
4. establishing and conducting
5. preparing a business plan
6. waiting to be acquired
7. undertaking the commercial activity
А
B
C
D
E
F
Ответ:
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
12
-18. В каждом задании
запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному
Вами варианту ответа.
Why The English Love Drinking Tea
Ever since the 18th century, tea time has been an integral part of English life.
People from other countries have a set idea of what English tea time means: smart
dresses, delicate finger foods, and hot tea all served on the best china.
This is not a passion that England shares with most of the rest of the world,
where coffee is almost universally more popular than tea. In fact, the per capita
consumption of tea in the United Kingdom is 12.85kg per year, which is almost
three times as much as in Morocco which comes in second place at 4.34kg per
year. This per capita consumption is even higher if you looked at England (one of
4 countries in the United Kingdom) on its own. Perhaps surprisingly, in Japan the
popularity of tea has been suffering a slight decline since the start of the new
millennium.
During the early 1700s the British East India Company began growing tea in
the newly conquered Indian territories on an industrial scale using cheap labour
and conquered land. The massive scale of tea production in India, the majority of
which was sent straight to England, sent the price of tea plummeting. Suddenly,
what was once a rare treat for the wealthy became an affordable product which
ordinary British people could enjoy on a regular basis. Not only that, but sugar was
just starting to become more affordable for ordinary people as well. As a result of
this, tea became a powerful symbol of the benefits of Empire for the ordinary
English citizen.
It is one thing to understand why the English first started drinking so much
tea, but that doesn't really explain why we continue to do so some 300 years later.
My own personal opinion is that one of the biggest reasons behind our continuing
love affair with tea is because we find tea comforting. Its familiarity is like a cosy
comfort blanket to us, and the long tradition of tea drinking provides a calming
ritual with which to punctuate the day.
At times of stress, grief or hardship it is not uncommon for the first
response of an English person to be 'making a nice cup of tea'. The sheer
familiarity of the ritual serves to centre you, diminishing the pressing concerns of
the moment by making them seem small in comparison to such a long and often
repeated tradition.
Being an Englishman, I prefer drinking tea with milk. Debate continues
whether to put milk in the cup before or after pouring tea. Originally milk was
always added before tea to prevent hot tea from cracking the fine bone china cups.
Tea experts agree with this tradition but also state that tea needs to be left in the
water on its own for the flavour and colour to develop and a splash of milk should
be added later.
Tea itself seems to have calming properties, and it most certainly has a range
of proven and suspected health benefits. Although many English people actually
drink more tea than is strictly good for them, it cannot be denied that in moderate
quantities (4 cups per day is usually said to be ideal) tea drinking has a remarkable
range of health benefits. Studies have shown that drinking three to four cups of tea
per day reduces your risk of having a heart attack, as well as protecting you from
a range of degenerative heart conditions. Although the link has not yet been fully
proven, several studies have suggested that tea drinking may help to prevent
a range of different kinds of cancer, including lung cancer.
12
All over the world people think that tea ceremony in England is
1) similar to tea ceremony in China.
2) connected with the cult of food.
3) is conducted in a formal style.
4) the same as it was in the 18th century.
Ответ:
13
Tea consumption
1) is three times as much in Morocco as in China.
2) differs from country to country within the UK.
3) is the same as coffee in many countries of the world.
4) is increasing rapidly in Japan
Ответ:
Which statement DOES NOT refer to the content of paragraph 3?
14
1) Tea companies grew a lot of tea in colonies.
2) Prices for tea were high before the 18th century.
3) England exported tea to many countries.
4) Sugar became less expensive.
Ответ
The author believes that the English love tea because
15
1) tea is the best drink to start the day.
2) tea has a soothing effect on people.
3) people in England warm up with tea.
4) tea is a good way to begin relationship.
Ответ:
16
The reason for drinking a cup of tea when suffering is that it
1) makes the situation less stressful.
2) gives you time to forget about the problem.
3) doesn't take much tme or effort to make.
4) it allows your body muscles to relax.
Ответ:
People used to pour milk in a cup before tea
17
1) to change the taste of tea.
2) not to spoil the flavour of tea.
3) to achieve the best colour of tea.
4) not to break expensive cups.
Ответ:
According to the text, people who like tea
18
1) over time may develop lung cancer.
2) should drink as much tea as they like.
3) should not drink over 4 cups a day.
4) have a good chance to live a healthy life.
Ответ:
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо,
слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных
номерами
19-25 так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали
содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый
пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19-25.
Bouvet Island
Bouvet Island is a dependent area of Norway. It is an
uninhabited volcanic island in the South Atlantic
19
Ocean where the_____human life resides thousands of
NEAR
miles away.
The island has an area of 49 square kilometres, the
20
biggest part of which _____by a glacier.
COVER
21
The island
_____ on 1 January 1739. It is home to
SPOT
different sea creatures.
22
The island _____ a nature reserve since 1971.
BE
My dream house
I live in a block of flats in one of the residential areas
23
of my town. My flat is on the _____floor. When the lift
TWELVE
is faulty, it is very hard to get to the flat on foot.
I often think about a big ideal house in the suburbs I
24
______ in without noisy neighbours to disturb me.
LIVE
25
I would like to have a green house with rare plants
from all over the world. I could take care of them
_____.
I
In the future when I grow up, graduate from university
and get a well-paid job, I'll definitely buy the house I'm
dreaming about now.
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных
заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами
26 -31,
однокоренные слова так чтобы они грамматически и лексически
соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными
словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы
26 -31.
Robots of the future
Robotic engineers are designing the next generation of
robots to look, feel and act more human, to make it
easier for us to warm up to a cold machine.
Realistic looking hair and skin with embedded sensors
will allow robots to react
__________ in their
NATURAL
26
environment.
For example, a robot that senses your touch on the
shoulder turns to greet you.
Subtle actions by robots that go
_______ between
NOTICED
27
people, help bring them to life and can also relay non
verbal communication.
Artificial eyes can move and blink. Slight chest
28
________ simulate breathing.
MOVE
Man-made muscles are able to change
_______
FACE
29
expressions.
These are all must have attributes for the socially
30
_________ robots of the future.
ACCEPT
It may be less pleasant to work in the company of
robots but definitely one of the main reasons is the
31
high efficiency of the process of work as not much
USE
time will be spent on _______ talks.
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти
номера соответствуют заданиям
32-38 в которых представлены
возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,
соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Virtual High School
Christina C. was determined to graduate from high school. Yet, being not a
driven student she faced numerous hurdles , leading to frustration.
At that point, a school administrator told Christina about a new public
schooling
32_____ -Youth Connection Charter School (YCCS) Virtual High
School - that could be a path to graduation.
Christina chose the combination of Virtual High School's online instruction
coupled with the support from classroom teachers. This hybrid education model
33_____her to take online courses at home and attend some lessons at school.
"When I found out about this program, my mother said it was a good idea
and told me she would help me get
34_____ it. The school even provided bus
35_____ so I could attend - and it was the best decision," she said.
"It was hard for me to adjust but taking the classes on the computer gave
me a chance to study at my own
36_____," said Christina.
The online courses also relieved the pressure Christina often felt in a
traditional classroom. "Sometimes I was hesitant to let a teacher know I didn't
understand something. Because there were so many students, I couldn't get the
individual attention I needed. The online courses really take the pressure off
because you can
37
_____ your time till you understand it all," she explained.
This past June, Christina, aged 19, graduated from High School and her
academic success and newfound confidence spurred her to apply - and to be
accepted - to Trinity Christian College, with a partial scholarship.
"I was shocked ... Here I was ready to give up, and I graduated with As. I
can go to college and make my dreams
38_____true," she said.
32
1) chance
2) advantage
3) option
4) preference
Ответ:
1) allowed
2) let
3) provided
4) gave
33
Ответ:
34
1) over
2) on
3) ahead
4) through
Ответ:
35
1) charge
2) fare
3) tuition
4) expense
Ответ:
36
1) step
2) walk
3) speed
4) pace
Ответ:
37
1) spend
2) have
3) enjoy
4) take
Ответ:
38
1) realize
2) become
3) come
4) get
Ответ:
Раздел 4. Письмо
Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте чистый лист. Черновые
пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно
использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое
внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по
записям, сделанным на листе ответов. Никакие записи черновика не будут
учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость
соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма,
а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются.
Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если
одной стороны листа недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его
сторону.
You havе just rеcеivеd a lеttеr from your English-spеaking pеn friеnd, Paula.
39
My friend and I have just decided to enter the "Go Green in the
City" competition. We are going to create a project on the energy
management. Have you ever taken part n green projects? What
alternative forms of energy are developed in Russia? Do you
prefer using public transport or a private car and why?
Last week I visited Granny who lives in Edinburgh...
Writе a lеttеr to Paula.
In your lеttеr
- answer her quest on
- ask 3 questions about her trip
Write 100-140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
40
Comment on the following statement.
Some students believe that homework should be optional.
What is your opinion? Do you agree with this point of view?
Write
200-250 words.
Use the following plan:
make an introduction ( state the problem);
express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion;
express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion;
express why you don't agree with the opposing opinion;
make a conclusion restating your position.
Ответы к заданиям
№ задания
Ответ
19
NEAREST
20
ISCOVERED
21
WASSPOTTED
22
HASBEEN
23
TWELFTH
24
WOULDLIVE
25
MYSELF
26
NATURALLY
27
UNNOTICED
28
MOVEMENTS
29
FACIAL
30
ACCEPTABLE
31
USELESS
Критерии и схемы оценивания выполнения заданий
раздела «Письмо» (2013 г.)
(максимум 20 баллов за весь раздел)
Критерии оценивания выполнения задания С1
(максимум 6 баллов)
Решение коммуника-
Баллы
тивной задачи
Организация текста
Языковое
оформление
текста
К1
К2
К3
2
Задание
выполнено
Высказывание
ло-
Используемый словарный
полностью: содержание
гично; средства логи-
запас и грамматические
отражает все аспекты,
ческой связи ис-
структуры соответствуют
указанные в задании
пользованы
пра-
поставленной задаче; орфо-
(даны полные ответы на
вильно; текст верно
графические и пунктуаци-
все вопросы, заданы три
разделён на абзацы;
онные ошибки практически
вопроса по указанной
структурное
офор-
отсутствуют
(допускается
теме); стилевое оформ-
мление текста со-
не более 2 негрубых лекси-
ление речи выбрано пра-
ответствует нормам
ко-грамматических ошибок
вильно с учетом цели
принятым в стране
или/и не более 2 негрубых
высказывания и адреса-
изучаемого языка.
орфографических и пункту-
та; соблюдены принятые
ационных ошибок).
в языке нормы веж-
ливости.
1
Задание выполнено не
Высказывание не все-
Имеются лексические и
полностью: содержание
гда логично; имеются
грамматические ошибки, не
отражает не все аспекты,
недостатки/ ошибки в
затрудняющие понимания
указанные в задании
использо-вании
текста; имеются орфогра-
(более одного аспекта
средств
логической
фические и пунктуаци-
раскрыто не полностью
связи, их выбор огра-
онные ошибки, не затруд-
или один аспект полно-
ничен; деление текста
няющие коммуникации (до-
стью
отсутствует);
на абзацы нелогич-
пускается не более 4 негру-
встречаются нарушения
но/отсутствует; име-
бых лексико-грамматичес-
стилевого оформления
ются
отдельные
ких ошибок или/и не более
речи или/и принятых
нарушения принятых
4 негрубых орфографиче-
в языке норм вежли-
норм
оформления
ских и пунктуационных
вости.
личного письма.
ошибок).
0
Задание не выполнено:
Отсутствует логика в
Понимание текста за-
содержание не отражает
построении высказы-
труднено из-за множества
тех аспектов, которые
вания; принятые нор-
лексико-грамматических
указаны в задании, или/и
мы оформления лич-
ошибок.
не соответствует требуе-
ного письма не со-
мому объёму.
блюдаются.
Примечание. При получении экзаменуемым 0 баллов по критерию «Решение
коммуникативной задачи» всё задание оценивается в 0 баллов.
Критерии оценивания выполнения задания С2
(максимум 14 баллов)
Баллы
Решение коммуникативной задачи
Организация текста
К1
К2
3
Задание выполнено полностью: со-
Высказывание логично, структура тек-
держание отражает все аспекты, ука-
ста соответствует предложенному пла-
занные в задании; стилевое оформле-
ну; средства логической связи исполь-
ние речи выбрано правильно (соблю-
зованы правильно; текст разделён на
дается нейтральный стиль).
абзацы.
2
Задание выполнено: некоторые ас-
Высказывание в основном логично,
пекты, указанные в задании, раскры-
имеются отдельные отклонения от пла-
ты не полностью; имеются отдельные
на в структуре высказывания; имеются
нарушения стилевого оформления
отдельные недостатки при использова-
речи.
нии средств логической связи; имеются
отдельные недостатки при делении тек-
ста на абзацы.
1
Задание выполнено не полностью:
Высказывание не всегда логично, есть
содержание отражает не все аспекты,
значительные отклонения от предло-
указанные в задании; нарушения сти-
женного плана; имеются многочислен-
левого оформления речи встречаются
ные ошибки в использовании средств
достаточно часто.
логической связи, их выбор ограничен;
деление текста на абзацы отсутствует.
0
Задание не выполнено: содержание
Отсутствует логика в построении вы-
не отражает тех аспектов, которые
сказывания, предложенный план ответа
указаны в задании, или/и не соответ
не соблюдается.
ствует требуемому объёму или/и бо-
лее 30% ответа имеет непродуктив-
ный характер (т. е. текстуально сов-
падает с опубликованным источни-
ком или дру-гими экзаменационны-
ми работами).
Орфография и
Баллы
Лексика
Грамматика
Пунктуация
К3
К4
К5
3
Используемый словарный
Используются
грам-
запас соответствует по-
матические структуры
ставленной коммуника-
в соответствии с постав-
тивной задаче; практиче-
ленной коммуникатив-
ски нет нарушений в ис-
ной задачей. Практиче-
пользовании лексики.
ски отсутствуют ошибки
(допускается
1-2 не-
грубые ошибки).
2
Используемый словарный
Имеется ряд грамма-
Орфографические
запас соответствует по-
тических ошибок, не за-
ошибки практически
ставленной коммуника-
трудняющих понимания
отсутствуют.
Текст
тивной задаче, однако
текста (не более 4).
разделён на предложе-
встречаются отдельные
ния с правильным
неточности в употреб-
пунктуационным
лении слов
(2-3), либо
оформлением.
словарный запас ограни-
чен, но лексика исполь-
зована правильно.
1
Использован
неоправ-
Многочисленны ошибки
Имеется ряд орфо-
данно ограниченный сло-
элем нтарного уровня,
графических
или/и
варный запас;
часто
либо ошибки немного-
пунктуационных оши-
встречаются нарушения
численны, но затрудняют
бок, в том числе те, ко-
в использовании лексики,
понимание текста
(до-
торые незначительно
некоторые из них могут
пускается 6-7 ошибок в
затрудняют понимание
затруднять
понимание
3-4 разделах граммати-
текста (не более 4).
текста (не более 4).
ки).
0
Крайне
ограниченный
Грамматические правила
Правила орфографии и
словарный запас не позво-
не соблюдаются, ошибки
пунктуации не соблю-
ляет выполнить постав-
затрудняют понимание
даются.
ленную задачу.
текста.
Примечание. Критерий «Орфография и пунктуация» в разделе «Письмо» оцени-
вается в 2 балла. При получении экзаменуемым 0 баллов по критерию «Решение
коммуникативной задачи» всё задание оценивается в 0 баллов.
Порядок определения процента текстуальных совпадений
в задании С2
При оценивании задания С2 особое внимание уделяется способности
экзаменуемого продуцировать развёрнутое письменное высказывание. Если
более 30% ответа имеет непродуктивный характер (т.е. текстуально совпада-
ет с опубликованным источником), то выставляется 0 баллов по критерию
«Решение коммуникативной задачи», и, соответственно, всё задание оцени-
вается в 0 баллов.
Текстуальным совпадением считается дословное совпадение отрезка
письменной речи длиной 10 слов и более.
Выявленные текстуальные совпадения суммируются, и при превыше-
нии ими 30% от общего числа слов в ответе, работа оценивается в 0 баллов.
Порядок подсчёта слов в заданиях раздела «Письмо»
При оценивании заданий раздела «Письмо» (С1-С2) следует учитывать
такой параметр, как объём письменного текста выраженный в количестве
слов. Требуемый объём для личного письма в задании С1 - 100-140 слов; для
развёрнутого письменного высказывания в задании С2 - 200-250 слов. Допу-
стимое отклонение от заданного объёма составляет 10%. Если в выполнен-
ном задании С1 менее 90 слов или в задании С2 менее 180 слов, то задание
проверке не подлежит и оценивается в 0 баллов. При превышении объёма
более чем на 10%, т.е., если в выполненном задании С1 более 154 слов или
в задании С2 более 275 слов, проверке подлежит только та часть работы, ко-
торая соответствует требуемому объёму. Таким образом, при проверке зада-
ния С1 отсчитывается от начала работы 140 слов, задания С2 - 250 слов, и
оценивается только эта часть работы.
При определении соответствия объёма представленной работы выше-
указанным требованиям считаются все слова, с первого слова по последнее,
включая вспомогательные глаголы, предлоги, артикли, частицы. В личном
письме адрес, дата, подпись также подлежат подсчету. При этом:
стяжённые (краткие) формы can't, didn't, isn't, I'm и т. п. считаются как
одно слово;
числительные, выраженные цифрами, т. е. 1, 25, 2009, 126 204 и т. п.,
считаются как одно слово;
числительные, выраженные цифрами, вместе с условным обозначением
процентов, т. е. 25%, 100% и т. п., считаются как одно слово;
числительные, выраженные словами, считаются как слова;
сложные слова, такие как good-looking, well-bred, English-speaking,
twenty-five, считаются как одно слово;
сокращения, например USA, e-mail, TV, CD-rom, считаются как одно
слово.
Критерии оценивания выполнения
апробационных заданий устной части
Задание 1 (Чтение текста вслух) - максимум 1 балл
1
0
Фонетическая
Речь воспринимается легко: необос-
Речь воспринимается с трудом
сторона речи
нованные паузы отсутствуют; фразо-
из-за большого количества не-
вое ударение и интонационные кон-
естественных пауз, запинок, не-
туры, произношение слов без нару-
верной расстановки ударений и
шений нормы: допускается не более
ошибок в произношении слов,
5 фонетических ошибок, в т. ч. 1-2
ИЛИ сделано более
5 фоне-
ошибки, искажающие смысл.
тических ошибок, ИЛИ сделано 3
и более фонетических ошибок,
искажающих смысл.
Задание 2 (максимум - 5 баллов) Оценивается отдельно каждый из пяти
задаваемых вопросов.
1
0
Вопросы 1-5
Вопрос по содержанию отвечает
Вопрос не задан, или заданный
поставленной задаче; имеет пра-
вопрос по содержанию не отвеча-
вильную грамматическую форму
ет поставленной задаче И/ИЛИ не
прямого вопроса; возможные фо-
имеет правильной грамматиче-
нетические и лексические погреш-
ской формы прямого вопроса
ности не затрудняют восприятия
И/ИЛИ фонетические и лексиче-
ские ошибки препятствуют ком-
муникации
Задания 3-4 (описание фото и сравнение двух фото) - 7 баллов за одно
задание (максимум 14 баллов)
Баллы
Решение коммуника-
Организация высказы-
Языковое оформление
тивной задачи
вания
высказывания
(содержание)*
3
Коммуникативная задача
выполнена полностью:
содержание полно, точно
и развёрнуто отражает
все аспекты, указанные в
задании (12-15 фраз)
2
Коммуникативная задача
Высказывание логично и
Используемый словар-
выполнена
частично:
носит завершённый ха-
ный запас, граммати-
один аспект не раскрыт
рактер; имеются вступи-
ческие структуры, фоне-
(остальные
раскрыты
тельная
и заключи-
тическое оформление вы-
полно) ИЛИ один-два
тельная
фразы,
со-
сказывания соответству-
раскрыты неполно (9-11
ответствующие
теме.
ют поставленной задаче
фраз)
Средства логической свя-
(допускается не более
зи используются пра-
двух негрубых лексико-
вильно
грамматических ошибок
И/ИЛИ не более двух не-
грубых
фонетических
ошибок)
1
Коммуникативная задача
Высказывание в основ-
Используемый словар-
выполнена не полностью:
ном логично и имеет до-
ный запас, грамма-
два аспекта не раскрыты
статочно завершённый
тические структуры, фо-
(остальные
раскрыты
характер, НО отсутствует
нетическое оформление
полно), ИЛИ все аспекты
вступительная
И/ИЛИ
высказывания в основ-
раскрыты неполно
(6-8
заключительная фраза,
ном соответствуют по-
фраз)
И/ИЛИ средства логиче-
ставленной задаче
(до-
ской связи используются
пускается не более четы-
недостаточно
рёх
лексико-грамма-
тических ошибок (из них
не более двух грубых)
И/ИЛИ не более четырёх
фонетических ошибок
(из них не более двух
грубых)
0
Коммуникативная задача
Высказывание нелогично
Понимание высказыва-
выполнена менее чем на
И/ИЛИ не имеет завер-
ния затруднено из-за
50%: три и более аспек
шённого
характера;
многочисленных лекси-
тов содержания не рас-
вступительная и заклю-
ко-грамматических и фо-
крыты (5 и менее фраз)
чительная фразы отсутст-
нетических ошибок (пять
вуют; средства логичес-
и
более
лексико-
кой связи практически не
грамматических ошибок
используются
И/ИЛИ пять и более фо-
нетических
ошибок)
ИЛИ более двух грубых
ошибок
Примечание. При получении экзаменуемым 0 баллов по критерию «Решение
коммуникативной задачи» всё задание оценивается в 0 баллов.
Единый государственный экзамен
1 / 8
Единый государственный экзамен
по АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Инструкция по выполнению работы
1
Вы услышите
6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между
высказываниями каждого говорящего A-F и утверждениями, данными
Экзаменационная работа по английскому языку состоит из четырёх
в списке
1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное
разделов (аудирование, чтение, грамматика и лексика, письмо), включающих
соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее
в себя 40 заданий.
утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы
На выполнение экзаменационной работы отводится 3 часа (180 минут).
в таблицу.
Ответы к заданиям 3-9, 12-18 и 32-38 записываются по приведённому
1. The book gave me inspiration to find a talisman.
ниже образцу в виде одной цифры, которая соответствует номеру
правильного ответа. Эту цифру запишите в поле ответа в тексте работы,
2. If a charm helps you, you must be thankful in return.
а затем перенесите в бланк ответов № 1.
3. Even if you don’t believe in charms, respect others’ faith.
4. The business of selling charms is evil.
Ответ:
2
Бланк
КИМ
5. Having a talisman is a private secret matter.
Ответы к заданиям 1, 2, 10, 11 записываются по приведённому ниже
6. Talismans can work just for certain situations.
образцу в виде последовательности цифр. Эту последовательность цифр
7. People who are not hardworking enough rely on charms.
запишите в поле ответа в тексте работы, а затем перенесите в бланк
ответов № 1.
Говорящий
A
B
C
D
E
F
Утверждение
A
B
C
D
E
F
Бланк
КИМ
Ответ:
5
2
4
1
7
3
2
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А-G
соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют
Ответы к заданиям
19-31 записываются по приведённому ниже
(2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя
образцу в виде слова (нескольких слов). Ответ запишите в поле ответа
дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated).
в тексте работы, а затем перенесите в бланк ответов № 1.
Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы
Бланк
КИМ
услышите запись дважды.
Ответ: HASSURVIVED.
Раздел 4 («Письмо») состоит из 2 заданий (39 и 40) и представляет
A. Toni informs Bill on what marks she has just given.
собой небольшую письменную работу
(написание личного письма
B. Bill thinks reports are easier to write than narrative texts.
и письменного высказывания с элементами рассуждения). В бланке ответов
C. Bill has never had enough imagination to write narrative texts.
№ 2 укажите номер задания и запишите ответ к нему.
D. Some students make mistakes not paying attention to the exam questions.
Все бланки ЕГЭ заполняются яркими чёрными чернилами.
E. Toni thinks some students don’t write a plan for their report.
Допускается использование гелевой, капиллярной или перьевой ручек.
F. Toni’s students normally check each other’s reports.
При выполнении заданий можно пользоваться черновиком. Записи
G. It’s not a good idea to include your spelling mistakes to your checklists.
в черновике не учитываются при оценивании работы.
Баллы, полученные Вами за выполненные задания, суммируются.
Утверждение
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
Постарайтесь выполнить как можно больше заданий и набрать наибольшее
Соответствие диалогу
количество баллов.
Желаем успеха!
Копирование не допускается
Единый государственный экзамен
2 / 8
Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2
7
The building housing the Audium once housed …
или
3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту
ответа.
Вы
услышите запись дважды.
1) an office for National Endowment for the Arts.
2) a bakery.
3
The presenter introduces Stan Sheff as a …
3) a coffee shop.
1) sound artist.
2) theatre designer.
Ответ:
3) talented musician.
8
What does Stan say about the Audium’s program?
Ответ:
1) It needs a change.
2) It’s almost ten years old.
4
Which of the following is TRUE about Stan’s latest performance?
3) It’s a completely live performance.
1) The room was decorated in dark colours.
2) The audience consisted of close friends.
Ответ:
3) It is based on a long term project.
9
Stan says that while performing he …
Ответ:
1) pays attention to who is in audience.
2) misses his mother-in-law.
5
What did Stan and his partner try to achieve with their experiments?
3) wishes to be dispassionate.
1) The creation of new types of speakers.
2) The effect of producing sound images.
Ответ:
3) The proper application of old-fashioned objects.
По окончании выполнения заданий 1-9 не
забудьте
перенести
свои
Ответ:
ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера
соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе
ответов в заданиях 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых
6
Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Stan as an outcome
of
the
и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной
experiments?
клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
1) New types of DVDs.
2) New design of concert halls.
3) New methods of music recording.
Ответ:
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Единый государственный экзамен
3 / 8
Раздел 2. Чтение
E. Pets are living creatures that have habits and personalities. They can surprise
you. Dogs, cats, and birds are probably most known for having distinct
10
Установите соответствие между текстами A-G и заголовками
1-8.
personalities. However, one snake owner says that her snake had his own
Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один
unique personality. He got excited when she came into the room, and she
раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
would often put him in the bathtub where he would do all sorts of funny tricks
1.
Different pets, different
5. Friends in need
while splashing around.
characters
2.
Having fun together
6. Pets can teach
F. No matter what type of pet you get, it will require you to take care of it. Being
responsible for another living being can help you be more responsible in the
3.
A long-term treatment
7. A global problem and its solution
rest of your life too. This is especially true for kids who are learning the value
4.
Reading dog stories
8. Where to get a pet
of good habits. However, adults can benefit from the consistent responsibility
as well. Responsible pet owners are kind to pets and remember they are their
A.
It has become clear that stress affects our mental and physical health and,
pets’ world.
sadly, our world has become more stressful than ever. We live in the
environment that can easily wear us out. Luckily, there are certain methods to
G. With millions of cats and dogs killed in shelters in the United States every
reduce stress and have control. One of the best is to own a pet. Pets require
year, adopting a pet instead of buying one saves at least one animal’s life.
attention and dedication, but those are small prices to pay for the amount of
Adoption saves not only the animal you adopt, but also the new animal the
benefits they bring into our lives.
shelter can take in. Adopting from a shelter helps both ends of the problem:
fewer animals will be bred, and more animals can go to a good home.
B.
Pets provide support because they are always available to listen (without any
judgment) or rub up against your hand, which can help you relax after a hectic
day. They can help you see the situation differently and let out some steam.
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
Moreover, when you are feeling under the weather, there is nothing like a
Ответ:
sweet pair of eyes that immediately get your mind off thoughts that are making
you sad and depressed.
C.
Companionship with a loving pet is a real source of entertainment. Pets are
constantly giving off love and gratitude, and they are happy to be in your
presence. You can be yourself around pets. You can dance silly or talk silly,
and they will not criticize you. In fact, they will love the silliness and get silly
themselves. Cats and dogs are fantastic companions to sit down and watch TV
at night.
D.
Studies have shown that communicating with a pet boosts the immune system,
improves heart health, reduces physical pain, and improves mental health as
well. One man with tuberculosis says that the cat he received after his
diagnosis kept him going for 21 years with little pain and very few physical
issues. He talked to his cat which helped him walk through his troubles. That
proves the power of true love that animals have.
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Единый государственный экзамен
4 / 8
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
12-18. В каждом задании
11
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A-F частями предложений,
запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному
обозначенными цифрами
1-7. Одна из частей в списке
1-7 лишняя.
Вами варианту ответа.
Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений,
в таблицу.
The lure of the screen
Archaeology done underwater
I used to tell my parents that the first cell phone I will allow my own
children to have will be a flip phone, incapable of Internet access and certainly
Nautical archaeology is the science of finding, collecting, preserving, and
without the ability to use “apps.” I argued that their first phones would have only
studying human objects that have become lost or buried under water. It is a fairly
the capabilities of my first phone - texting and calling - used primarily to contact
modern field of study since it depends on having the technology to be able to
their parents, and once in a while classmates to ask about homework. Isn’t it
remain underwater for some time to do real work. Whether it is conducted in
primarily what we think kids need phones for?
freshwater or in the sea, A_______________________, nautical archaeology is
It took me a while to realize how impractical this was because if the first
another way of learning more about the human past.
piece of a given technology that I possessed had been the same as my parents’, I
Although some use the words nautical archaeology to mean a specialized
would have been walking around with a cassette player in a world of iPods
branch of underwater archaeology, B_______________________, most consider
(incidentally, I loved my Sony Walkman CD player).
the term to mean the same as the words underwater archaeology or marine
So maybe it was a little ridiculous for me to suggest this, but I think my
archaeology.
All
of
these
interchangeable
terms mean simply
point was (and is) valid. I look at young kids today and see that they’re as attached
C_______________________.
to mobile devices as their adult counterparts. It has come to the point where kids
Once real trade began, it is safe to say D_______________________ was
would rather sit inside and play games on their parents’ (or their own) iPads than
probably transported over water at some point in time. By studying submerged
go outside and play hide-and-seek, or catch, well, do anything.
objects, we can learn more about past human cultures. In fact, studying ancient
And while I recall my parents telling me to drop the Legos or even the
artifacts is the only way to learn anything about human societies
PlayStation controller and head outside, I, unlike these children, often actually did
E_______________________. Being able to examine the actual objects made and
it, and when I didn’t, at least I was capable of breaking away to utter a response.
used by ancient people not only adds to the written records they left behind, but
Today, however, youngsters are becoming so attached to technology at such
allows us to get much closer to the reality of what life was like when they lived.
a young age, as young as 3 or 4, that they are forgetting - if they ever learned in
Also, if we pay close attention to how the objects were made and used, we begin to
the first place - how to have fun without an iPad - literally.
get a more realistic picture of F_______________________.
In April, The Telegraph quoted North Ireland teacher Colin Kinney, who
1. that existed long before the invention of writing
said his colleagues, “have concerns over the increasing numbers of young pupils
2. that nearly every object made by humans
who can swipe a screen but have little or no manipulative skills to play with
building blocks or the like, or the pupils who cannot socialize with other pupils but
3. what those people were really like
whose parents talk proudly of their ability to use a tablet or smartphone.”
4. which is concerned only with ships and the history of seafaring
Kinney goes on to say that the “brilliant computer skills” these children
5. that it is the study of archaeology done underwater
possess is
“outweighed by their deteriorating skills in pen and paper exams
6. and whether it finds sunken ships or old cities
because they rely on instant support of the computer and are often unable to apply
7. and what was discovered underwater
what they should have learned from their textbooks.”
It is true that we are moving into a world in which the ability to understand
A
B
C
D
E
F
Ответ:
the language of computer coding is more important than the ability to read and
write cursive. This, however, is not an excuse for the extent to which young
children have become as addicted (or more so) to their mobile devices as their
parents.
LeapFrog, the popular children’s brand is set to unveil a product called the
Leap Band; the first wearable tech catered specifically toward children. And
although the wristwatch-like product is designed to get kids up and moving, it
raises a question for me: How young is too young?
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Единый государственный экзамен
5 / 8
I read that Google is considering allowing online accounts for children under
15
Teacher Kinney is worried about children’s …
the age of 13 (though giving their parents control over how the service is used).
Because of this cross-generational addiction, this week has been designated
1) writing skills.
as “Screen Free Week” in schools around the country. The week is aimed at getting
2) communicative skills.
every member of the family away from computer and device use for just one week
3) computer skills.
and head outside.
4) parents’ attitudes.
For parents, technology is now a dilemma: Give it to their kids at a young
age so they are in line with their classmates in terms of computer prowess or
Ответ:
withhold it and allow them the gift of social skills … only time will tell, but I fear
the former is gaining ground.
16
This” in paragraph 8 (This, however, is not an excuse …) refers to …
12
What kind of a phone does the author want her children to have first?
1) importance of computers.
1) An old-type phone.
2) literacy skills.
2) A modern phone.
3) computer language.
3) Something like her “old” phone.
4) addiction to technology.
4) Something like her parents’ phone.
Ответ:
Ответ:
17
What does the author imply by asking “How young is too young”?
13
Which of the following statements reflects the author’s views?
1) Leap Band products suit any child.
1) Parents shouldn’t allow their children to play games on iPads.
2) Wristwatch-like products are for older children.
2) Children are more attached to technology than adults.
3) Technology may enter children’s life too early.
3) It’s hard to imagine the modern life without mobile devices.
4) Leap Band is inappropriate for young children.
4) Children now prefer their gadgets to outdoor games.
Ответ:
Ответ:
18
How, according to the author, will the parents solve the technological dilemma?
14
What does the author remember about her childhood?
1) In favour of the computer skills.
2) In favour of both the computer and communication skills.
1) She preferred to ignore her parents when she played.
3) They will try to refrain from making the decision.
2) She went for a walk outside whenever her parents told her.
4) In favour of communication skills.
3) She didn’t like to play outside.
4) She enjoyed PlayStation more than Lego.
Ответ:
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 10-18 не забудьте перенести свои
ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера
соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе
ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых
и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной
клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Копирование не допускается
Единый государственный экзамен
6 / 8
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами
26-31,
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо,
однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически
слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных
соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными
номерами
19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали
словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы
содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый
26-31.
пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19-25.
St. Basil’s Cathedral
The Sydney Opera House
St. Basil’s Cathedral in Moscow was built between 1555 and
For many years there was no good opera house in Australia. In
1561. According to legends, Ivan the Terrible blinded its
19
1954, Jorn Utzon from Denmark
__________________ a
WIN
26
__________________ so that he could never build such a
BUILD
competition organized by the Australian government to build
magnificent structure again.
an opera house. The construction lasted for fourteen years until
27
However, these legends seem
__________________. Old
TRUE
1973.
documents say that the same Russian architect built another
20
Since then, the building __________________ the symbol of
BECOME
cathedral in Vladimir later.
Australia.
28
There is a deep contrast between the __________________
COLOUR
The best way to visit the Sydney Opera House is to see a show.
exterior of the church and its modest interior.
In sunny weather visitors can take a picnic basket and enjoy
29
People can see very few
__________________ and very
DECORATE
21
__________________ around the Botanic Gardens near the
WALK
narrow corridors inside.
Opera House.
Several times throughout its history, the cathedral suffered
My job in a restaurant
30
__________________ from fires and enemy attacks.
TERRIBLE
22
I was seventeen, when I __________________ a job in a local
GIVE
In one legend, Napoleon even wanted to take the church back
fast food restaurant.
to France with him. As he couldn’t do this, he ordered his army
23
Training was for three days. During the __________________
ONE
to destroy the church. The soldiers had already lit up the
two days I watched videos about my job. During the last day of
31
gunpowder, but a __________________ rain prevented the
MYSTERY
orientation, I had to be at the restaurant to see how things got
fire.
done.
I
began work on Saturday, which was the
24
__________________ day of the week.
BUSY
25
My present job __________________ with cooking. I work for
NOT CONNECT
a computer company. I like it, but I miss communicating with
people.
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Единый государственный экзамен
7 / 8
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти
35
номера соответствуют заданиям
32-38, в которых представлены
1) talks
2)
tells
3)
says
4)
speaks
возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,
соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Ответ:
“The Polar Express”
“The Polar Express” is a fantastic book by Chris Van Allsburg. The author
36
1) feature
2)
type
3)
way
4)
means
has
32
______ a terrific job at both writing and illustrating this book. He portrays
the boy’s enthusiasm at going to the North Pole: this journey is
33
______ a trip to
Ответ:
an amusement park. Chris Van Allsburg’s writing is full of magic and wonder; the
first person narration is realistic and heart-warming
34
______ the same time. The
boy
35
______ the readers what a wonderful place the North Pole is, he describes
37
in every detail the city’s lights and the factories that surround the city. The
1) looking
2)
seeing
3)
watching
4)
observing
36
______ that the text is set up will make any child want to go to the North Pole.
Van Allsburg’s illustrations are colourful and appealing, especially of the images
Ответ:
of the North Pole with the beautiful picture of all the fairy tale characters gathering
at the centre of the city. Also, the different landscapes that the Polar Express passes
through are extremely beautiful.
38
1) please
2)
attract
3)
appeal
4)
enjoy
“The Polar Express” is truly one of the greatest masterpieces in children’s
literature ever created. The readers will share the experience of
37
______ at the
Ответ:
North Pole from a child’s perspective. They will also
38
______ the wonderful
illustrations of the North Pole itself. I would recommend this book to boys and
girls aged five and up since there is nothing really inappropriate for small children.
По окончании выполнения заданий 19-38 не забудьте перенести
свои
ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера
32
1) carried
2) acted
3) made
4) done
соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе
ответов в заданиях 19-31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых
и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите
Ответ:
в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке
образцами.
33
1) similar
2) same
3) like
4) alike
Ответ:
34
1) to
2) at
3) of
4) in
Ответ:
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Единый государственный экзамен
8 / 8
39
You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Mary who
Раздел 4. Письмо
writes:
Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте бланк ответов № 2. Черновые
пометки могут делаться прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно
… I know you went to a museum with your class last week. How far was it
использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое
from your school and how did you get there? What kind of a museum was it?
внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по
Would you like to go there again, why?
записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика
We have two new classmates. They have just moved to our town …
не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также
Write a letter to Mary.
на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты
In your letter
недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый
answer her questions
объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем
ask 3 questions about her new classmates
ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете
Write 100-140 words.
использовать другую его сторону.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
Comment on the following statement.
40
Internet is the greatest time-waster.
What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Write 200-250 words.
Use the following plan:
- make an introduction (state the problem)
- express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion
- express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion
- explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
- make a conclusion restating your position
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